<s>
Business	B-Architecture
Process	I-Architecture
Model	I-Architecture
and	I-Architecture
Notation	I-Architecture
(	O
BPMN	B-Architecture
)	O
is	O
a	O
graphical	B-Application
representation	I-Application
for	O
specifying	O
business	O
processes	O
in	O
a	O
business	O
process	O
model	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Originally	O
developed	O
by	O
the	O
Business	B-Architecture
Process	I-Architecture
Management	I-Architecture
Initiative	I-Architecture
(	O
BPMI	O
)	O
,	O
BPMN	B-Architecture
has	O
been	O
maintained	O
by	O
the	O
Object	B-Architecture
Management	I-Architecture
Group	I-Architecture
(	O
OMG	B-Architecture
)	O
since	O
the	O
two	O
organizations	O
merged	O
in	O
2005	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Version	O
2.0	O
of	O
BPMN	B-Architecture
was	O
released	O
in	O
January	O
2011	O
,	O
at	O
which	O
point	O
the	O
name	O
was	O
amended	O
to	O
Business	B-Architecture
Process	I-Architecture
Model	I-Architecture
and	I-Architecture
Notation	I-Architecture
to	O
reflect	O
the	O
introduction	O
of	O
execution	O
semantics	B-General_Concept
,	O
which	O
were	O
introduced	O
alongside	O
the	O
existing	O
notational	O
and	O
diagramming	O
elements	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Though	O
it	O
is	O
an	O
OMG	B-Architecture
specification	O
,	O
BPMN	B-Architecture
is	O
also	O
ratified	O
as	O
ISO	O
19510	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Business	B-Architecture
Process	I-Architecture
Model	I-Architecture
and	I-Architecture
Notation	I-Architecture
(	O
BPMN	B-Architecture
)	O
is	O
a	O
standard	O
for	O
business	O
process	O
modeling	O
that	O
provides	O
a	O
graphical	O
notation	O
for	O
specifying	O
business	O
processes	O
in	O
a	O
Business	O
Process	O
Diagram	O
(	O
BPD	O
)	O
,	O
based	O
on	O
a	O
flowcharting	B-Language
technique	O
very	O
similar	O
to	O
activity	O
diagrams	O
from	O
Unified	B-Language
Modeling	I-Language
Language	I-Language
(	O
UML	B-Language
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
objective	O
of	O
BPMN	B-Architecture
is	O
to	O
support	O
business	O
process	O
management	O
,	O
for	O
both	O
technical	O
users	O
and	O
business	O
users	O
,	O
by	O
providing	O
a	O
notation	O
that	O
is	O
intuitive	O
to	O
business	O
users	O
,	O
yet	O
able	O
to	O
represent	O
complex	O
process	O
semantics	B-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
BPMN	B-Architecture
specification	O
also	O
provides	O
a	O
mapping	O
between	O
the	O
graphics	O
of	O
the	O
notation	O
and	O
the	O
underlying	O
constructs	O
of	O
execution	O
languages	O
,	O
particularly	O
Business	O
Process	O
Execution	O
Language	O
(	O
BPEL	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
BPMN	B-Architecture
has	O
been	O
designed	O
to	O
provide	O
a	O
standard	O
notation	O
readily	O
understandable	O
by	O
all	O
business	O
stakeholders	O
,	O
typically	O
including	O
business	O
analysts	O
,	O
technical	O
developers	O
and	O
business	O
managers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
BPMN	B-Architecture
can	O
therefore	O
be	O
used	O
to	O
support	O
the	O
generally	O
desirable	O
aim	O
of	O
all	O
stakeholders	O
on	O
a	O
project	O
adopting	O
a	O
common	O
language	O
to	O
describe	O
processes	O
,	O
helping	O
to	O
avoid	O
communication	O
gaps	O
that	O
can	O
arise	O
between	O
business	O
process	O
design	O
and	O
implementation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
BPMN	B-Architecture
is	O
one	O
of	O
a	O
number	O
of	O
business	O
process	O
modeling	O
language	O
standards	O
used	O
by	O
modeling	O
tools	O
and	O
processes	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Two	O
new	O
standards	O
,	O
using	O
a	O
similar	O
approach	O
to	O
BPMN	B-Architecture
have	O
been	O
developed	O
,	O
addressing	O
case	O
management	O
modeling	O
(	O
Case	O
Management	O
Model	O
and	O
Notation	O
)	O
and	O
decision	O
modeling	O
(	O
Decision	O
Model	O
and	O
Notation	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
BPMN	B-Architecture
is	O
constrained	O
to	O
support	O
only	O
the	O
concepts	O
of	O
modeling	O
applicable	O
to	O
business	O
processes	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Other	O
types	O
of	O
modeling	O
done	O
by	O
organizations	O
for	O
non-process	O
purposes	O
are	O
out	O
of	O
scope	O
for	O
BPMN	B-Architecture
.	O
</s>
<s>
Examples	O
of	O
modeling	O
excluded	O
from	O
BPMN	B-Architecture
are	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
addition	O
,	O
while	O
BPMN	B-Architecture
shows	O
the	O
flow	O
of	O
data	O
(	O
messages	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
association	O
of	O
data	O
artifacts	O
to	O
activities	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
not	O
a	O
data	B-Application
flow	I-Application
diagram	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
BPMN	B-Architecture
models	O
are	O
expressed	O
by	O
simple	O
diagrams	O
constructed	O
from	O
a	O
limited	O
set	O
of	O
graphical	O
elements	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
BPMN	B-Architecture
's	O
four	O
basic	O
element	O
categories	O
are	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
Flow	O
objects	O
are	O
the	O
main	O
describing	O
elements	O
within	O
BPMN	B-Architecture
,	O
and	O
consist	O
of	O
three	O
core	O
elements	O
:	O
events	O
,	O
activities	O
,	O
and	O
gateways	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Transactions	B-General_Concept
are	O
differentiated	O
from	O
expanded	O
sub-processes	O
by	O
being	O
surrounded	O
by	O
a	O
double	O
border	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Swim	B-Application
lanes	I-Application
are	O
a	O
visual	O
mechanism	O
of	O
organising	O
and	O
categorising	O
activities	O
,	O
based	O
on	O
cross	O
functional	O
flowcharting	B-Language
,	O
and	O
in	O
BPMN	B-Architecture
consist	O
of	O
two	O
types	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
vision	O
of	O
BPMN	B-Architecture
2.0.2	O
is	O
to	O
have	O
one	O
single	O
specification	O
for	O
a	O
new	O
Business	B-Architecture
Process	I-Architecture
Model	I-Architecture
and	I-Architecture
Notation	I-Architecture
that	O
defines	O
the	O
notation	O
,	O
metamodel	O
and	O
interchange	O
format	O
but	O
with	O
a	O
modified	O
name	O
that	O
still	O
preserves	O
the	O
"	O
BPMN	B-Architecture
"	O
brand	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Formalizes	O
the	O
execution	O
semantics	B-General_Concept
for	O
all	O
BPMN	B-Architecture
elements	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Start	O
and	O
end	O
link	O
events	O
do	O
not	O
exist	O
any	O
longer	O
in	O
BPMN	B-Architecture
1.1	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
semantics	B-General_Concept
and	O
appearance	O
have	O
not	O
changed	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
event-based	O
gateway	O
in	O
BPMN	B-Architecture
1.1	O
looks	O
slightly	O
different	O
from	O
what	O
it	O
looked	O
like	O
in	O
1.0	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
There	O
is	O
an	O
additional	O
line	O
separating	O
your	O
lane	O
's	O
description	O
from	O
its	O
content.The	O
BPMN	B-Architecture
1.2	O
minor	O
revision	O
changes	O
consist	O
of	O
editorial	O
corrections	O
and	O
implementation	O
bug	O
fixes	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
BPMN	B-Architecture
is	O
designed	O
to	O
cover	O
this	O
wide	O
range	O
of	O
usage	O
and	O
allows	O
modeling	O
of	O
end-to-end	O
business	O
processes	O
to	O
allow	O
the	O
viewer	O
of	O
the	O
Diagram	O
to	O
be	O
able	O
to	O
easily	O
differentiate	O
between	O
sections	O
of	O
a	O
BPMN	B-Architecture
Diagram	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
There	O
are	O
three	O
basic	O
types	O
of	O
sub-models	O
within	O
an	O
end-to-end	O
BPMN	B-Architecture
model	O
:	O
Private	O
(	O
internal	O
)	O
business	O
processes	O
,	O
Abstract	O
(	O
public	O
)	O
processes	O
,	O
and	O
Collaboration	O
(	O
global	O
)	O
processes	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
Private	O
(	O
internal	O
)	O
business	O
processes	O
Private	O
business	O
processes	O
are	O
those	O
internal	O
to	O
a	O
specific	O
organization	O
and	O
are	O
the	O
type	O
of	O
processes	O
that	O
have	O
been	O
generally	O
called	O
workflow	B-Operating_System
or	O
BPM	O
processes	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
If	O
swim	B-Application
lanes	I-Application
are	O
used	O
then	O
a	O
private	O
business	O
process	O
will	O
be	O
contained	O
within	O
a	O
single	O
Pool	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Abstract	O
processes	O
are	O
contained	O
within	O
a	O
Pool	O
and	O
can	O
be	O
modeled	O
separately	O
or	O
within	O
a	O
larger	O
BPMN	B-Architecture
Diagram	O
to	O
show	O
the	O
Message	O
Flow	O
between	O
the	O
abstract	O
process	O
activities	O
and	O
other	O
entities	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
These	O
processes	O
can	O
be	O
modeled	O
separately	O
or	O
within	O
a	O
larger	O
BPMN	B-Architecture
Diagram	O
to	O
show	O
the	O
Associations	O
between	O
the	O
collaboration	O
process	O
activities	O
and	O
other	O
entities	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Within	O
and	O
between	O
these	O
three	O
BPMN	B-Architecture
sub-models	O
,	O
many	O
types	O
of	O
Diagrams	O
can	O
be	O
created	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
following	O
are	O
the	O
types	O
of	O
business	O
processes	O
that	O
can	O
be	O
modeled	O
with	O
BPMN	B-Architecture
(	O
those	O
with	O
asterisks	O
may	O
not	O
map	O
to	O
an	O
executable	O
language	O
)	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
BPMN	B-Architecture
is	O
designed	O
to	O
allow	O
all	O
the	O
above	O
types	O
of	O
Diagrams	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Thus	O
,	O
the	O
OMG	B-Architecture
recommends	O
that	O
the	O
modeler	O
pick	O
a	O
focused	O
purpose	O
for	O
the	O
BPD	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
a	O
private	O
or	O
collaboration	O
process	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Event-driven	O
process	O
chains	O
(	O
EPC	O
)	O
and	O
BPMN	B-Architecture
are	O
two	O
notations	O
with	O
similar	O
expressivity	O
when	O
process	O
modeling	O
is	O
concerned	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
BPMN	B-Architecture
model	O
can	O
be	O
transformed	O
into	O
an	O
EPC	O
model	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Conversely	O
,	O
an	O
EPC	O
model	O
can	O
be	O
transformed	O
into	O
a	O
BPMN	B-Architecture
model	O
with	O
only	O
a	O
slight	O
loss	O
of	O
information	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
study	O
showed	O
that	O
for	O
the	O
same	O
process	O
,	O
the	O
BPMN	B-Architecture
model	O
may	O
need	O
around	O
40%	O
fewer	O
elements	O
than	O
the	O
corresponding	O
EPC	O
model	O
,	O
but	O
with	O
a	O
slightly	O
larger	O
set	O
of	O
symbols	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
BPMN	B-Architecture
model	O
would	O
therefore	O
be	O
easier	O
to	O
read	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
UML	B-Language
activity	O
diagrams	O
and	O
BPMN	B-Architecture
are	O
two	O
notations	O
that	O
can	O
be	O
used	O
to	O
model	O
the	O
same	O
processes	O
:	O
a	O
subset	O
of	O
the	O
activity	O
diagram	O
elements	O
have	O
a	O
similar	O
semantic	O
than	O
BPMN	B-Architecture
elements	O
,	O
despite	O
the	O
smaller	O
and	O
less	O
expressive	O
set	O
of	O
symbols	O
.	O
</s>
