<s>
Breakout	B-Application
is	O
an	O
arcade	B-Application
video	I-Application
game	I-Application
developed	O
and	O
published	O
by	O
Atari	O
,	O
Inc	O
.	O
and	O
released	O
on	O
May	O
13	O
,	O
1976	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
was	O
designed	O
by	O
Steve	O
Wozniak	O
,	O
based	O
on	O
conceptualization	O
from	O
Nolan	O
Bushnell	O
and	O
Steve	O
Bristow	O
who	O
were	O
influenced	O
by	O
the	O
seminal	O
1972	B-Application
Atari	O
arcade	B-Application
game	O
Pong	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
Breakout	B-Application
,	O
a	O
layer	O
of	O
bricks	O
lines	O
the	O
top	O
third	O
of	O
the	O
screen	O
and	O
the	O
goal	O
is	O
to	O
destroy	O
them	O
all	O
by	O
repeatedly	O
bouncing	O
a	O
ball	O
off	O
a	O
paddle	O
into	O
them	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
arcade	B-Application
game	O
was	O
released	O
in	O
Japan	O
by	O
Namco	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Breakout	B-Application
was	O
a	O
worldwide	O
commercial	O
success	O
,	O
among	O
the	O
top	O
five	O
highest-grossing	O
arcade	B-Application
video	I-Application
games	I-Application
of	I-Application
1976	I-Application
in	O
both	O
the	O
United	O
States	O
and	O
Japan	O
and	O
then	O
among	O
the	O
top	O
three	O
highest-grossing	O
arcade	B-Application
video	I-Application
games	I-Application
of	I-Application
1977	I-Application
in	O
the	O
US	O
and	O
Japan	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
1978	O
Atari	B-Application
VCS	I-Application
port	O
uses	O
color	O
graphics	O
instead	O
of	O
a	O
monochrome	O
screen	O
with	O
colored	O
overlay	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
While	O
the	O
concept	O
was	O
predated	O
by	O
Ramtek	O
's	O
Clean	O
Sweep	O
(	O
1974	O
)	O
,	O
Breakout	B-Application
spawned	O
an	O
entire	O
genre	O
of	O
clones	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
was	O
the	O
inspiration	O
for	O
aspects	O
of	O
the	O
Apple	B-Device
II	I-Device
computer	O
and	O
Taito	O
's	O
Space	B-Application
Invaders	I-Application
(	O
1978	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
An	O
official	O
sequel	O
was	O
released	O
in	O
1978	O
,	O
Super	B-Application
Breakout	I-Application
,	O
which	O
eventually	O
became	O
the	O
pack-in	O
game	O
for	O
the	O
Atari	B-General_Concept
5200	I-General_Concept
console	O
in	O
1982	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Super	B-Application
Breakout	I-Application
introduced	O
multiple	O
balls	O
in	O
play	O
at	O
once	O
,	O
which	O
became	O
a	O
common	O
feature	O
in	O
the	O
genre	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
1986	O
the	O
Breakout	B-Application
concept	O
found	O
new	O
legs	O
with	O
Taito	O
's	O
Arkanoid	B-Device
,	O
which	O
itself	O
spawned	O
dozens	O
of	O
imitators	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Breakout	B-Application
begins	O
with	O
eight	O
rows	O
of	O
bricks	O
,	O
with	O
two	O
rows	O
each	O
of	O
a	O
different	O
color	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
original	O
arcade	B-Application
cabinet	O
of	O
Breakout	B-Application
featured	O
artwork	O
that	O
revealed	O
the	O
game	O
's	O
plot	O
to	O
be	O
that	O
of	O
a	O
prison	O
escape	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
precursor	O
to	O
Breakout	B-Application
was	O
Clean	O
Sweep	O
,	O
released	O
by	O
Ramtek	O
in	O
1974	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Clean	O
Sweep	O
was	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
top	O
ten	O
best-selling	O
arcade	B-Application
video	I-Application
games	I-Application
of	I-Application
1974	I-Application
and	O
sold	O
a	O
total	O
of	O
3,500	O
arcade	B-Application
cabinets	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Breakout	B-Application
,	O
a	O
discrete	O
logic	O
(	O
non-microprocessor	O
)	O
game	O
,	O
was	O
designed	O
by	O
Nolan	O
Bushnell	O
,	O
Steve	O
Jobs	O
,	O
and	O
Steve	O
Bristow	O
,	O
all	O
three	O
of	O
whom	O
were	O
involved	O
with	O
Atari	O
and	O
its	O
Kee	O
Games	O
subsidiary	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Atari	O
produced	O
innovative	O
video	O
games	O
using	O
the	O
Pong	B-Application
hardware	O
as	O
a	O
means	O
of	O
competition	O
against	O
companies	O
making	O
"	O
Pong	B-Application
clones	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Bushnell	O
wanted	O
to	O
turn	O
Pong	B-Application
into	O
a	O
single	O
player	O
game	O
,	O
where	O
the	O
player	O
would	O
use	O
a	O
paddle	O
to	O
maintain	O
a	O
ball	O
that	O
depletes	O
a	O
wall	O
of	O
bricks	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Al	O
Alcorn	O
was	O
assigned	O
as	O
the	O
Breakout	B-Application
project	O
manager	O
,	O
and	O
he	O
began	O
development	O
with	O
Cyan	O
Engineering	O
in	O
1975	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Jobs	O
was	O
offered	O
$750	O
,	O
with	O
an	O
award	O
for	O
every	O
TTL	B-General_Concept
(	O
transistor-transistor	B-General_Concept
logic	I-General_Concept
)	O
chip	O
fewer	O
than	O
50	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Bushnell	O
offered	O
the	O
bonus	O
because	O
he	O
disliked	O
how	O
new	O
Atari	O
games	O
required	O
150	O
to	O
170	O
chips	O
;	O
he	O
knew	O
that	O
Jobs	O
 '	O
friend	O
Steve	O
Wozniak	O
,	O
an	O
employee	O
of	O
Hewlett-Packard	O
,	O
had	O
designed	O
a	O
version	O
of	O
Pong	B-Application
that	O
used	O
about	O
30	O
chips	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Atari	O
ended	O
up	O
designing	O
their	O
own	O
version	O
for	O
production	O
,	O
which	O
contained	O
about	O
100	O
TTL	B-General_Concept
chips	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
arcade	B-Application
cabinet	O
uses	O
a	O
black	O
and	O
white	O
monitor	B-Device
,	O
but	O
the	O
monitor	B-Device
has	O
strips	O
of	O
colored	O
cellophane	O
placed	O
over	O
it	O
so	O
that	O
the	O
bricks	O
appear	O
to	O
be	O
in	O
color	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
software	O
version	O
of	O
Breakout	B-Application
was	O
written	O
for	O
the	O
Atari	B-General_Concept
2600	I-General_Concept
by	O
Brad	O
Stewart	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Atari	O
had	O
this	O
term	O
trademarked	O
and	O
used	O
it	O
in	O
addition	O
to	O
Breakout	B-Application
to	O
describe	O
gameplay	O
,	O
especially	O
in	O
look-alike	O
games	O
and	O
remakes	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Atari	O
's	O
1977	O
dedicated	O
Video	B-Application
Pinball	I-Application
console	O
includes	O
a	O
Breakout	B-Application
game	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
October	O
1976	O
,	O
the	O
annual	O
RePlay	O
chart	O
listed	O
Breakout	B-Application
as	O
the	O
fifth	O
highest-earning	O
arcade	B-Application
video	I-Application
game	I-Application
of	I-Application
1976	I-Application
in	O
the	O
United	O
States	O
,	O
below	O
Midway	O
Manufacturing	O
's	O
Sea	B-Application
Wolf	I-Application
,	O
Gun	B-Application
Fight	I-Application
,	O
and	O
Wheels	O
,	O
and	O
Atari	O
's	O
Indy	B-Application
800	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Breakout	B-Application
was	O
later	O
the	O
third	O
highest-earning	O
arcade	B-Application
video	I-Application
game	I-Application
of	I-Application
1977	I-Application
in	O
the	O
US	O
,	O
below	O
Sea	B-Application
Wolf	I-Application
and	O
Sprint	B-Application
2	I-Application
,	O
and	O
the	O
fifth	O
highest-earning	O
arcade	B-Application
video	I-Application
game	I-Application
of	I-Application
1978	I-Application
in	O
the	O
US	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Breakout	B-Application
had	O
a	O
total	O
arcade	B-Application
production	O
run	O
of	O
11,000	O
cabinets	O
manufactured	O
by	O
Atari	O
,	O
estimated	O
to	O
have	O
generated	O
over	O
(	O
adjusted	O
for	O
inflation	O
)	O
in	O
sales	O
revenue	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Breakout	B-Application
was	O
also	O
a	O
commercial	O
success	O
for	O
Namco	O
in	O
Japan	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
the	O
first	O
annual	O
Game	O
Machine	O
arcade	B-Application
chart	O
,	O
Breakout	B-Application
was	O
the	O
fourth	O
highest-grossing	O
arcade	B-Application
video	I-Application
game	I-Application
of	I-Application
1976	I-Application
in	O
Japan	O
,	O
below	O
Taito	O
's	O
Ball	O
Park	O
(	O
Tornado	O
Baseball	O
)	O
and	O
Speed	B-Application
Race	I-Application
DX	I-Application
and	O
Sega	O
's	O
Heavyweight	B-Application
Champ	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
following	O
year	O
,	O
Breakout	B-Application
was	O
Japan	O
's	O
third	O
highest-grossing	O
arcade	B-Application
game	O
of	O
1977	O
,	O
below	O
only	O
two	O
racing	O
games	O
,	O
Namco	O
's	O
electro-mechanical	O
game	O
F-1	B-Application
and	O
Taito	O
's	O
video	O
game	O
Speed	B-Application
Race	I-Application
DX	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
total	O
,	O
Breakout	B-Application
sold	O
15,000	O
arcade	B-Application
units	O
worldwide	O
by	O
1981	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Atari	B-General_Concept
2600	I-General_Concept
version	O
sold	O
256,265	O
units	O
in	O
1980	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
1989	O
,	O
Computer	O
and	O
Video	O
Games	O
reviewed	O
the	O
Atari	B-Application
VCS	I-Application
version	O
,	O
giving	O
it	O
a	O
24%	O
score	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2021	O
,	O
The	O
Guardian	O
listed	O
Breakout	B-Application
as	O
the	O
fourth	O
greatest	O
video	B-Application
game	I-Application
of	I-Application
the	I-Application
1970s	I-Application
,	O
below	O
Galaxian	B-Application
,	O
Asteroids	B-Application
and	O
Space	B-Application
Invaders	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Breakout	B-Application
was	O
an	O
influential	O
game	O
that	O
had	O
an	O
impact	O
on	O
the	O
video	O
game	O
and	O
computer	O
industries	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Breakout	B-Application
spawned	O
an	O
entire	O
genre	O
of	O
clones	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Ten	O
years	O
later	O
,	O
the	O
concept	O
found	O
new	O
legs	O
with	O
Taito	O
's	O
1986	O
Arkanoid	B-Device
,	O
which	O
itself	O
spawned	O
dozens	O
of	O
imitators	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Breakout	B-Application
was	O
also	O
the	O
basis	O
and	O
inspiration	O
for	O
certain	O
aspects	O
of	O
the	O
Apple	B-Device
II	I-Device
personal	B-Device
computer	I-Device
and	O
Taito	O
's	O
arcade	B-Application
shoot	O
'	O
em	O
up	O
game	O
Space	B-Application
Invaders	I-Application
(	O
1978	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Breakout	B-Application
directly	O
influenced	O
Wozniak	O
's	O
design	O
for	O
the	O
Apple	B-Device
II	I-Device
computer	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
He	O
said	O
:	O
"	O
A	O
lot	O
of	O
features	O
of	O
the	O
Apple	B-Device
II	I-Device
went	O
in	O
because	O
I	O
had	O
designed	O
Breakout	B-Application
for	O
Atari	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
included	O
his	O
design	O
of	O
color	O
graphics	O
circuitry	O
,	O
the	O
addition	O
of	O
game	O
paddle	O
support	O
and	O
sound	O
,	O
and	O
graphics	O
commands	O
in	O
Integer	B-Language
BASIC	I-Language
,	O
with	O
which	O
he	O
wrote	O
Brick	O
Out	O
,	O
a	O
software	O
clone	O
of	O
his	O
own	O
hardware	O
game	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Tomohiro	O
Nishikado	O
cited	O
Breakout	B-Application
as	O
the	O
original	O
inspiration	O
behind	O
his	O
hit	O
Space	B-Application
Invaders	I-Application
(	O
1978	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
success	O
of	O
the	O
game	O
resulted	O
in	O
Super	B-Application
Breakout	I-Application
's	O
release	O
in	O
1978	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
home	O
ports	O
include	O
Breakout	B-Application
as	O
a	O
fourth	O
mode	O
,	O
using	O
the	O
Super	B-Application
Breakout	I-Application
visual	O
style	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Breakout	B-Application
2000	I-Application
for	O
the	O
Atari	B-Device
Jaguar	I-Device
adds	O
a	O
3D	O
playfield	O
and	O
additional	O
features	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
3D	O
Breakout-inspired	O
game	O
was	O
published	O
simply	O
as	O
Breakout	B-Application
in	O
2000	O
for	O
the	O
PC	O
and	O
PlayStation	B-Device
by	O
Hasbro	O
Interactive	O
's	O
Atari	O
Interactive	O
subsidiary	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2011	O
Atari	O
S.A.	O
released	O
an	O
updated	O
version	O
of	O
Breakout	B-Application
as	O
Breakout	B-Application
Boost	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Another	O
enhanced	O
version	O
of	O
the	O
game	O
has	O
been	O
announced	O
for	O
release	O
exclusively	O
on	O
the	O
Intellivision	B-Application
Amico	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
revamped	O
version	O
of	O
the	O
game	O
titled	O
,	O
Breakout	B-Application
:	O
Recharged	O
,	O
released	O
on	O
February	O
10	O
,	O
2022	O
,	O
for	O
Nintendo	B-Application
Switch	I-Application
,	O
PlayStation	B-Operating_System
4	I-Operating_System
,	O
PlayStation	B-Device
5	I-Device
,	O
Xbox	B-Device
One	I-Device
,	O
Xbox	B-Device
Series	I-Device
X/S	I-Device
,	O
Microsoft	B-Application
Windows	I-Application
and	O
Atari	B-Application
VCS	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Pilgrim	O
in	O
the	O
Microworld	O
is	O
an	O
autobiography	O
by	O
David	O
Sudnow	O
detailing	O
his	O
obsession	O
with	O
Breakout	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
first-generation	O
iPod	B-Operating_System
Classic	I-Operating_System
had	O
an	O
Easter	O
egg	O
where	O
holding	O
down	O
the	O
center	O
button	O
for	O
a	O
few	O
seconds	O
in	O
the	O
"	O
About	O
"	O
menu	O
caused	O
Breakout	B-Application
to	O
appear	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
the	O
37th	O
anniversary	O
of	O
the	O
game	O
's	O
release	O
,	O
Google	B-Application
released	O
a	O
secret	O
version	O
of	O
Breakout	B-Application
accessible	O
by	O
typing	O
"	O
atari	B-Application
breakout	I-Application
"	O
in	O
Google	B-Application
Images	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
image	O
thumbnails	O
form	O
the	O
breakout	B-Application
bricks	O
,	O
turn	O
different	O
colors	O
,	O
and	O
after	O
a	O
ball	O
and	O
paddle	O
appear	O
the	O
game	O
begins	O
.	O
</s>
