<s>
Bouncy	B-Language
Castle	I-Language
is	O
a	O
collection	O
of	O
APIs	B-Application
used	O
in	O
cryptography	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
includes	O
APIs	B-Application
for	O
both	O
the	O
Java	B-Language
and	O
the	O
C#	B-Application
programming	O
languages	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
APIs	B-Application
are	O
supported	O
by	O
a	O
registered	O
Australian	O
charitable	O
organization	O
:	O
Legion	B-Language
of	I-Language
the	I-Language
Bouncy	I-Language
Castle	I-Language
Inc	I-Language
.	I-Language
</s>
<s>
Bouncy	B-Language
Castle	I-Language
is	O
Australian	O
in	O
origin	O
and	O
therefore	O
American	O
restrictions	O
on	O
the	O
export	O
of	O
cryptography	O
from	O
the	O
United	O
States	O
do	O
not	O
apply	O
to	O
it	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Bouncy	B-Language
Castle	I-Language
started	O
when	O
two	O
colleagues	O
were	O
tired	O
of	O
having	O
to	O
re-invent	O
a	O
set	O
of	O
cryptography	O
libraries	O
each	O
time	O
they	O
changed	O
jobs	O
working	O
in	O
server-side	O
Java	B-Language
SE	I-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
One	O
of	O
the	O
developers	O
was	O
active	O
in	O
Java	B-Language
ME	I-Language
(	O
J2ME	B-Language
at	O
that	O
time	O
)	O
development	O
as	O
a	O
hobby	O
and	O
a	O
design	O
consideration	O
was	O
to	O
include	O
the	O
greatest	O
range	O
of	O
Java	B-Language
VMs	O
for	O
the	O
library	O
,	O
including	O
those	O
on	O
J2ME	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
design	O
consideration	O
led	O
to	O
the	O
architecture	O
that	O
exists	O
in	O
Bouncy	B-Language
Castle	I-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
project	O
,	O
founded	O
in	O
May	O
2000	O
,	O
was	O
originally	O
written	O
in	O
Java	B-Language
only	O
,	O
but	O
added	O
a	O
C#	B-Application
API	B-Application
in	O
2004	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
original	O
Java	B-Language
API	B-Application
consisted	O
of	O
approximately	O
27,000	O
lines	O
of	O
code	O
,	O
including	O
test	O
code	O
and	O
provided	O
support	O
for	O
J2ME	B-Language
,	O
a	O
JCE/JCA	O
provider	O
,	O
and	O
basic	O
X.509	O
certificate	O
generation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
supports	O
the	O
same	O
functionality	O
as	O
the	O
original	O
release	O
with	O
a	O
larger	O
number	O
of	O
algorithms	O
,	O
plus	O
PKCS	O
#10	O
,	O
PKCS	O
#12	O
,	O
CMS	O
,	O
S/MIME	B-Protocol
,	O
OpenPGP	O
,	O
DTLS	B-General_Concept
,	O
TLS	B-Protocol
,	O
OCSP	B-Protocol
,	O
TSP	B-Protocol
,	O
CMP	B-Protocol
,	O
CRMF	O
,	O
DVCS	O
,	O
DANE	B-Protocol
,	O
EST	B-Protocol
and	O
Attribute	O
Certificates	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
C#	B-Application
API	B-Application
is	O
around	O
145,000	O
lines	O
of	O
code	O
and	O
supports	O
most	O
of	O
what	O
the	O
Java	B-Language
API	B-Application
does	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
18	O
October	O
2013	O
,	O
a	O
not-for-profit	O
association	O
,	O
the	O
Legion	B-Language
of	I-Language
the	I-Language
Bouncy	I-Language
Castle	I-Language
Inc	I-Language
.	I-Language
was	O
established	O
in	O
the	O
state	O
of	O
Victoria	O
,	O
Australia	O
,	O
by	O
the	O
core	O
developers	O
and	O
others	O
to	O
take	O
ownership	O
of	O
the	O
project	O
and	O
support	O
the	O
ongoing	O
development	O
of	O
the	O
APIs	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Bouncy	B-Language
Castle	I-Language
architecture	O
consists	O
of	O
two	O
main	O
components	O
that	O
support	O
the	O
base	O
cryptographic	O
capabilities	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
These	O
are	O
known	O
as	O
the	O
'	O
light-weight	O
'	O
API	B-Application
,	O
and	O
the	O
Java	B-Language
Cryptography	I-Language
Extension	I-Language
(	O
JCE	B-Language
)	O
provider	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Further	O
components	O
built	O
upon	O
the	O
JCE	B-Language
provider	O
support	O
additional	O
functionality	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
PGP	B-Application
support	O
,	O
S/MIME	B-Protocol
,	O
etc	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
low-level	O
,	O
or	O
'	O
light-weight	O
'	O
,	O
API	B-Application
is	O
a	O
set	O
of	O
APIs	B-Application
that	O
implement	O
all	O
the	O
underlying	O
cryptographic	O
algorithms	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
APIs	B-Application
were	O
designed	O
to	O
be	O
simple	O
enough	O
to	O
use	O
if	O
needed	O
,	O
but	O
provided	O
the	O
basic	O
building	O
blocks	O
for	O
the	O
JCE	B-Language
provider	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
intent	O
is	O
to	O
use	O
the	O
low-level	O
API	B-Application
in	O
memory	O
constrained	O
devices	O
(	O
JavaME	B-Language
)	O
or	O
when	O
easy	O
access	O
to	O
the	O
JCE	B-Language
libraries	O
is	O
not	O
possible	O
(	O
such	O
as	O
distribution	O
in	O
an	O
applet	B-Application
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
the	O
light-weight	O
API	B-Application
is	O
just	O
Java	B-Language
code	I-Language
,	O
the	O
Java	B-Language
virtual	O
machine	O
(	O
JVM	O
)	O
does	O
not	O
impose	O
any	O
restrictions	O
on	O
the	O
operation	O
of	O
the	O
code	O
,	O
and	O
at	O
early	O
times	O
of	O
the	O
Bouncy	B-Language
Castle	I-Language
history	O
it	O
was	O
the	O
only	O
way	O
to	O
develop	O
strong	O
cryptography	O
that	O
was	O
not	O
crippled	O
by	O
the	O
Jurisdiction	O
Policy	O
files	O
that	O
prevented	O
JCE	B-Language
providers	O
from	O
performing	O
"	O
strong	O
"	O
encryption	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
JCE-compatible	O
provider	O
is	O
built	O
upon	O
the	O
low-level	O
APIs	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
such	O
,	O
the	O
source	O
code	O
for	O
the	O
JCE	B-Language
provider	O
is	O
an	O
example	O
of	O
how	O
to	O
implement	O
many	O
of	O
the	O
"	O
common	O
"	O
crypto	O
problems	O
using	O
the	O
low-level	O
API	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Many	O
projects	O
have	O
been	O
built	O
using	O
the	O
JCE	B-Language
provider	O
,	O
including	O
an	O
Open	O
Source	O
Certificate	O
Authority	O
EJBCA	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
C#	B-Application
and	O
Java	B-Language
releases	O
have	O
FIPS	O
140-2	O
Level	O
1	O
certified	O
streams	O
as	O
well	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
These	O
differ	O
from	O
the	O
regular	O
releases	O
in	O
that	O
,	O
while	O
the	O
modules	O
are	O
designed	O
in	O
a	O
similar	O
fashion	O
to	O
the	O
regular	O
releases	O
,	O
the	O
low-level	O
APIs	B-Application
are	O
quite	O
different	O
–	O
largely	O
to	O
support	O
the	O
enforcement	O
of	O
controls	O
that	O
FIPS	O
requires	O
when	O
an	O
algorithm	O
is	O
used	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
the	O
case	O
of	O
the	O
JCE	B-Language
level	O
of	O
the	O
Java	B-Language
API	B-Application
,	O
the	O
provider	O
is	O
still	O
largely	O
a	O
drop-in	O
replacement	O
for	O
the	O
regular	O
release	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
first	O
FIPS-certified	O
releases	O
were	O
made	O
available	O
in	O
November	O
2016	O
,	O
with	O
the	O
latest	O
Java	B-Language
version	O
being	O
assigned	O
certification	O
number	O
and	O
the	O
latest	O
C#	B-Application
version	O
being	O
assigned	O
certification	O
number	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Android	B-Application
operating	I-Application
system	I-Application
,	O
as	O
of	O
early	O
2014	O
,	O
includes	O
a	O
customized	O
version	O
of	O
Bouncy	B-Language
Castle	I-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
Due	O
to	O
class	O
name	O
conflicts	O
,	O
this	O
prevents	O
Android	B-Application
applications	I-Application
from	O
including	O
and	O
using	O
the	O
official	O
release	O
of	O
Bouncy	B-Language
Castle	I-Language
as-is	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
turned	O
out	O
due	O
to	O
Android	B-Application
's	O
DEX	O
file	O
processing	O
that	O
for	O
FIPS	O
purposes	O
the	O
provider	O
needs	O
to	O
be	O
installed	O
on	O
the	O
device	O
separate	O
from	O
the	O
application	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
FIPS	O
140-2	O
release	O
for	O
Android	B-Application
is	O
now	O
called	O
Stripy	O
Castle	O
and	O
is	O
packaged	O
under	O
org.stripycastle	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
was	O
needed	O
in	O
order	O
to	O
avoid	O
clashes	O
with	O
Android	B-Application
's	O
version	O
of	O
Bouncy	B-Language
Castle	I-Language
as	O
well	O
as	O
clashes	O
for	O
applications	O
that	O
might	O
be	O
using	O
Spongy	O
Castle	O
and	O
not	O
requiring	O
FIPS	O
140-2	O
certified	O
services	O
.	O
</s>
