<s>
The	O
boomSAR	B-Algorithm
is	O
a	O
mobile	O
ultra-wideband	O
synthetic	B-Application
aperture	I-Application
radar	I-Application
(	O
UWB	O
SAR	O
)	O
system	O
designed	O
by	O
the	O
U.S.	O
Army	O
Research	O
Laboratory	O
(	O
ARL	O
)	O
in	O
the	O
mid-1990s	O
to	O
detect	O
buried	O
landmines	O
and	O
IEDs	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Mounted	O
atop	O
a	O
45-meter	O
telescoping	O
boom	O
on	O
a	O
stable	O
moving	O
vehicle	O
,	O
the	O
boomSAR	B-Algorithm
transmits	O
low	O
frequency	O
(	O
50	O
to	O
1100MHz	O
)	O
short-pulse	O
UWB	O
signals	O
over	O
the	O
side	O
of	O
the	O
vehicle	O
to	O
scope	O
out	O
a	O
300-meter	O
range	O
area	O
starting	O
50	O
meters	O
from	O
the	O
base	O
of	O
the	O
boom	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
boomSAR	B-Algorithm
is	O
a	O
fully	O
polarimetric	O
system	O
that	O
transmits	O
and	O
receives	O
low-frequency	O
waveforms	O
with	O
over	O
1	O
gigahertz	O
of	O
usable	O
bandwidth	B-Algorithm
,	O
covering	O
a	O
spectrum	O
from	O
approximately	O
40MHz	O
to	O
1GHz	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Its	O
testbed	O
radar	O
subsystems	O
consist	O
of	O
the	O
antennae	O
,	O
the	O
transmitter	O
,	O
the	O
analog-to-digital	O
(	O
A/D	O
)	O
converter	O
,	O
the	O
processor/data	O
storage	O
system	O
,	O
the	O
timing	O
and	O
control	O
assembly	O
,	O
the	O
MOCOMP	B-Algorithm
subsystem	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
operator	O
interface	O
computer	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
boom	O
lift	O
platform	O
for	O
the	O
boomSAR	B-Algorithm
is	O
a	O
150-ft-high	O
telescoping	O
lift	O
device	O
with	O
a	O
basket	O
which	O
can	O
be	O
moved	O
axially	O
and	O
radially	O
and	O
is	O
able	O
to	O
handle	O
a	O
load	O
capacity	O
of	O
500	O
to	O
1000lbs	O
depending	O
on	O
the	O
position	O
of	O
the	O
telescoping	O
arms	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Built	O
by	O
JLG	O
Inc	O
,	O
it	O
possesses	O
the	O
unique	O
capability	O
of	O
base	O
movement	O
while	O
the	O
boom	O
is	O
extended	O
,	O
allowing	O
the	O
boomSAR	B-Algorithm
to	O
conduct	O
data	O
collection	O
using	O
simulated	O
airborne	O
geometry	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
boomSAR	B-Algorithm
utilizes	O
two	O
transmitting	O
and	O
two	O
receiving	O
antennas	O
to	O
provide	O
the	O
full	O
polarization	O
matrix	O
(	O
HH	O
,	O
HV	O
,	O
VH	O
,	O
VV	O
)	O
in	O
a	O
quasi-monostatic	O
sense	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Since	O
the	O
subsystems	O
were	O
designed	O
specifically	O
for	O
low-frequency	O
UWB	O
SAR	O
application	O
,	O
the	O
TEM	O
horn	O
antennas	O
have	O
a	O
wide	O
beamwidth	O
in	O
excess	O
of	O
90	O
degrees	O
and	O
are	O
fitted	O
with	O
a	O
high-power	O
,	O
wide-bandwidth	O
balun	O
that	O
can	O
handle	O
the	O
2-MW	O
peak	O
pulse	O
of	O
the	O
impulse	O
transmitter	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
According	O
to	O
later	O
data	O
,	O
this	O
antenna/balun	O
combination	O
is	O
capable	O
of	O
transmitting	O
a	O
short-pulse	O
UWB	O
signal	O
with	O
a	O
bandwidth	B-Algorithm
from	O
40MHz	O
to	O
over	O
2000MHz	O
with	O
a	O
pulse	O
repetition	O
frequency	O
up	O
to	O
1kHz	O
through	O
the	O
four	O
TEM	O
horn	O
antennas	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
boomSAR	B-Algorithm
MOCOMP	B-Algorithm
system	O
consists	O
of	O
a	O
computer	O
and	O
a	O
geodimeter	O
,	O
which	O
accounts	O
for	O
the	O
motion	B-Algorithm
compensation	I-Algorithm
and	O
positioning	O
of	O
the	O
radar	O
in	O
three-dimensional	O
space	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
control	O
unit	O
then	O
proceeds	O
to	O
transmit	O
the	O
position	O
information	O
to	O
the	O
MOCOMP	B-Algorithm
computer	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Image	O
processing	O
for	O
the	O
boomSAR	B-Algorithm
occurs	O
in	O
the	O
field	O
immediately	O
after	O
data	O
collection	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
order	O
to	O
accommodate	O
the	O
boomSAR	B-Algorithm
's	O
very	O
wide	O
bandwidth	B-Algorithm
for	O
data	O
transfer	O
and	O
parallel	O
processing	O
opportunities	O
,	O
scientists	O
at	O
the	O
U.S.	O
Army	O
Research	O
Laboratory	O
have	O
investigated	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
Mercury	O
parallel	O
processors	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
boomSAR	B-Algorithm
originated	O
as	O
an	O
extension	O
of	O
the	O
railSAR	B-Algorithm
,	O
a	O
rail-guided	O
UWB	O
SAR	O
system	O
built	O
on	O
the	O
rooftop	O
of	O
an	O
ARL	O
building	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Once	O
the	O
railSAR	B-Algorithm
displayed	O
promising	O
results	O
from	O
early	O
foliage	O
and	O
ground	O
penetration	O
field	O
trials	O
,	O
plans	O
were	O
made	O
to	O
transition	O
the	O
railSAR	B-Algorithm
technology	O
onto	O
a	O
mobile	O
platform	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
initial	O
goal	O
behind	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
the	O
boomSAR	B-Algorithm
was	O
to	O
emulate	O
the	O
functions	O
of	O
an	O
airborne	O
radar	O
system	O
in	O
order	O
to	O
better	O
understand	O
its	O
full	O
potential	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Unlike	O
an	O
airborne	O
system	O
,	O
the	O
boomSAR	B-Algorithm
provided	O
a	O
cost-effective	O
method	O
of	O
determining	O
the	O
upper	O
bound	O
of	O
performance	O
for	O
this	O
approach	O
to	O
radar	O
through	O
precisely	O
controlled	O
and	O
repeatable	O
experiments	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
1999	O
,	O
ARL	O
collaborated	O
with	O
researchers	O
in	O
academia	O
and	O
industry	O
to	O
develop	O
modeling	O
and	O
processing	O
algorithms	O
for	O
the	O
boomSAR	B-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
These	O
include	O
models	O
for	O
method	O
of	O
moments	O
(	O
MoM	O
)	O
and	O
fast	B-Algorithm
multipole	I-Algorithm
method	I-Algorithm
(	O
FMM	O
)	O
,	O
which	O
contributed	O
to	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
automatic	B-Algorithm
target	I-Algorithm
recognition	I-Algorithm
algorithms	O
for	O
penetration	O
systems	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
boomSAR	B-Algorithm
technology	O
was	O
later	O
repurposed	O
by	O
the	O
U.S.	O
Army	O
Research	O
Laboratory	O
to	O
develop	O
the	O
UWB	O
Synchronous	O
Impulse	O
Reconstruction	O
(	O
SIRE	O
)	O
radar	O
,	O
which	O
mounted	O
the	O
SAR	O
system	O
on	O
an	O
all-terrain	O
vehicle	O
without	O
the	O
boom	O
lift	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
1995	O
,	O
an	O
initial	O
data	O
collection	O
trial	O
for	O
the	O
boomSAR	B-Algorithm
was	O
conducted	O
at	O
Aberdeen	O
Proving	O
Ground	O
(	O
APG	O
)	O
in	O
Maryland	O
to	O
test	O
its	O
foliage	O
and	O
ground	O
penetration	O
capabilities	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
During	O
the	O
test	O
,	O
canonical	O
targets	O
and	O
tactical	O
targets	O
were	O
hidden	O
in	O
the	O
forest	O
or	O
buried	O
in	O
the	O
soil	O
for	O
the	O
boomSAR	B-Algorithm
to	O
detect	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
These	O
inert	O
targets	O
were	O
buried	O
at	O
different	O
depths	O
(	O
surface	O
to	O
2	O
meters	O
deep	O
)	O
and	O
entry	O
angles	O
(	O
0	O
to	O
90	O
degrees	O
)	O
in	O
order	O
to	O
provide	O
a	O
comprehensive	O
performance	O
evaluation	O
for	O
the	O
boomSAR	B-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
boomSAR	B-Algorithm
was	O
tasked	O
with	O
detecting	O
the	O
targets	O
while	O
driving	O
down	O
the	O
nearby	O
Corral	O
Road	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
this	O
data	O
,	O
the	O
researchers	O
concluded	O
that	O
the	O
boomSAR	B-Algorithm
was	O
better	O
suited	O
for	O
using	O
lower	O
frequencies	O
to	O
find	O
the	O
deeply	O
buried	O
M-20	O
mines	O
and	O
higher	O
frequencies	O
for	O
detecting	O
the	O
much	O
smaller	O
Valmara	O
mines	O
.	O
</s>
