<s>
The	O
BioWall	B-General_Concept
is	O
a	O
bio-inspired	O
computing	O
surface	O
made	O
of	O
several	O
thousand	O
electronic	O
modules	O
which	O
can	O
be	O
seen	O
as	O
artificial	O
molecules	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
BioWall	B-General_Concept
was	O
developed	O
in	O
the	O
Logic	O
Systems	O
Laboratory	O
(	O
)	O
of	O
the	O
Ecole	O
polytechnique	O
fédérale	O
de	O
Lausanne	O
(	O
EPFL	O
)	O
,	O
Switzerland	B-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
Two	O
versions	O
of	O
the	O
BioWall	B-General_Concept
have	O
been	O
realized	O
,	O
in	O
which	O
several	O
thousand	O
FPGAs	B-Architecture
(	O
Spartan	O
XCS10XL	O
of	O
Xilinx	O
)	O
constitute	O
the	O
core	O
of	O
as	O
many	O
modules	O
,	O
locally	O
exchanging	O
information	O
with	O
their	O
nearest	O
neighbours	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
interaction	O
with	O
the	O
FPGA	B-Architecture
is	O
performed	O
through	O
a	O
touch	O
sensitive	O
membrane	O
and	O
each	O
FPGA	B-Architecture
communicates	O
its	O
state	O
to	O
a	O
64	O
coloured	O
LED	O
array	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
An	O
artificial	O
organism	O
endowed	O
with	O
all	O
of	O
the	O
features	O
of	O
an	O
embryonic	O
machine	O
was	O
implemented	O
in	O
the	O
BioWall	B-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
BioWatch	O
,	O
which	O
counts	O
hours	O
,	O
minutes	O
,	O
and	O
seconds	O
,	O
is	O
used	O
to	O
demonstrate	O
the	O
growth	O
and	O
self-repair	O
capabilities	O
of	O
the	O
BioWall	B-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
the	O
modules	O
of	O
the	O
BioWall	B-General_Concept
,	O
that	O
could	O
be	O
seen	O
as	O
the	O
basic	O
molecules	O
in	O
a	O
real	O
organism	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Self-repair	O
is	O
possible	O
by	O
including	O
in	O
the	O
BioWatch	O
spare	O
molecules	O
;	O
when	O
a	O
FPGA	B-Architecture
,	O
i.e.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
BioWall	B-General_Concept
is	O
composed	O
of	O
an	O
array	O
of	O
small	O
,	O
locally	O
connected	O
elements	O
and	O
as	O
a	O
result	O
is	O
also	O
an	O
ideal	O
platform	O
to	O
prototype	O
of	O
two-dimensional	O
cellular	O
systems	O
and	O
bio-inspired	O
systems	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
Although	O
the	O
BioWall	B-General_Concept
's	O
size	O
and	O
structure	O
impose	O
a	O
certain	O
number	O
of	O
limitations	O
(	O
e.g.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
BioWall	B-General_Concept
with	O
2000	O
molecules	O
is	O
now	O
in	O
the	O
Intelligent	O
Systems	O
Group	O
,	O
Department	O
of	O
Electronics	O
,	O
University	O
of	O
York	O
(	O
UK	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Another	O
BioWall	B-General_Concept
with	O
2000	O
molecules	O
resides	O
in	O
a	O
permanent	O
exhibition	O
in	O
the	O
Ecole	O
polytechnique	O
fédérale	O
Lausanne	O
(	O
EPFL	O
)	O
and	O
can	O
be	O
seen	O
operating	O
live	O
with	O
the	O
following	O
,	O
from	O
Monday	O
to	O
Friday	O
between	O
8:00	O
and	O
19:00	O
GMT+1	O
.	O
</s>
