<s>
BibTeX	B-Language
is	O
reference	B-Application
management	I-Application
software	I-Application
for	O
formatting	O
lists	O
of	O
references	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
BibTeX	B-Language
tool	O
is	O
typically	O
used	O
together	O
with	O
the	O
LaTeX	B-Application
document	O
preparation	O
system	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
name	O
is	O
a	O
portmanteau	O
of	O
the	O
word	O
bibliography	O
and	O
the	O
name	O
of	O
the	O
TeX	B-Application
typesetting	O
software	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
purpose	O
of	O
BibTeX	B-Language
is	O
to	O
make	O
it	O
easy	O
to	O
cite	O
sources	O
in	O
a	O
consistent	O
manner	O
,	O
by	O
separating	O
bibliographic	O
information	O
from	O
the	O
presentation	O
of	O
this	O
information	O
,	O
similarly	O
to	O
the	O
separation	O
of	O
content	O
and	O
presentation/style	O
supported	O
by	O
LaTeX	B-Application
itself	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Here	O
's	O
how	O
BibTeX	B-Language
works	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
BibTeX	B-Language
chooses	O
from	O
the	O
.bib	O
file(s )	O
only	O
those	O
entries	O
specified	O
by	O
the	O
.aux	O
file	O
(	O
that	O
is	O
,	O
those	O
given	O
by	O
LaTeX	B-Application
's	O
or	O
commands	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
creates	O
as	O
output	O
a	O
.bbl	O
file	O
containing	O
these	O
entries	O
together	O
with	O
the	O
formatting	O
commands	O
specified	O
by	O
the	O
.bst	O
file	O
 [ .. ] 	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
LaTeX	B-Application
will	O
use	O
the	O
.bbl	O
file	O
,	O
perhaps	O
edited	O
by	O
the	O
user	O
,	O
to	O
produce	O
the	O
reference	O
list	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
BibTeX	B-Language
was	O
created	O
by	O
Oren	O
Patashnik	O
and	O
Leslie	O
Lamport	O
in	O
1985	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
written	O
in	O
WEB/Pascal	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
During	O
the	O
period	O
following	O
BibTeX	B-Language
's	O
implementation	O
in	O
1985	O
,	O
several	O
reimplementations	O
have	O
been	O
published	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
reimplementation	O
of	O
bibtex	B-Language
(	O
by	O
Yannis	O
Haralambous	O
and	O
his	O
students	O
)	O
that	O
supports	O
the	O
UTF-8	O
character	O
set	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Taco	O
Hoekwater	O
of	O
the	O
LuaTeX	B-Language
team	O
criticized	O
it	O
in	O
2010	O
for	O
poor	O
documentation	O
and	O
for	O
generating	O
errors	O
that	O
are	O
difficult	O
to	O
debug	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
reimplementation	O
of	O
bibtex	B-Language
that	O
supports	O
8-bit	O
character	O
sets	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
completely	O
compatible	O
reimplementation	O
of	O
bibtex	B-Language
in	O
Common	B-Language
Lisp	I-Language
,	O
capable	O
of	O
using	O
bibtex	B-Language
.bst	O
files	O
directly	O
or	O
converting	O
them	O
into	O
human-readable	O
Lisp	O
.lbst	O
files	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
CL-BibTeX	O
supports	O
Unicode	O
in	O
Unicode	O
Lisp	O
implementations	O
,	O
using	O
any	O
character	O
set	O
that	O
Lisp	O
knows	O
about	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
reimplementation	O
of	O
BibTeX	B-Language
focusing	O
on	O
multilingual	O
features	O
,	O
by	O
Jean-Michel	O
Hufflen	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
"	O
It	O
redesigns	O
the	O
way	O
in	O
which	O
LaTeX	B-Application
interacts	O
with	O
BibTeX	B-Language
at	O
a	O
fairly	O
fundamental	O
level	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
With	O
biblatex	B-Language
,	O
BibTeX	B-Language
is	O
only	O
used	O
to	O
sort	O
the	O
bibliography	O
and	O
to	O
generate	O
labels	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Instead	O
of	O
being	O
implemented	O
in	O
BibTeX	B-Language
's	O
style	O
files	O
,	O
the	O
formatting	O
of	O
the	O
bibliography	O
is	O
entirely	O
controlled	O
by	O
TeX	O
macros.	O
"	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
uses	O
the	O
bibliography	O
processing	O
program	O
Biber	B-Language
and	O
offers	O
full	O
Unicode	O
and	O
theming	O
support	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
drop-in	O
BibTeX	B-Language
replacement	O
based	O
on	O
style	O
templates	O
,	O
including	O
full	O
Unicode	O
support	O
,	O
written	O
in	O
Python	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
BibTeX	B-Language
uses	O
a	O
style-independent	O
text-based	O
file	O
format	O
for	O
lists	O
of	O
bibliography	O
items	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
articles	O
,	O
books	O
,	O
and	O
theses	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
BibTeX	B-Language
bibliography	O
file	O
names	O
usually	O
end	O
in	O
.bib	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
BibTeX	B-Language
database	O
file	O
is	O
formed	O
by	O
a	O
list	O
of	O
entries	O
,	O
with	O
each	O
entry	O
corresponding	O
to	O
a	O
bibliographical	O
item	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
way	O
LaTeX	B-Application
deals	O
with	O
this	O
is	O
by	O
specifying	O
commands	O
and	O
the	O
desired	O
bibliography	O
style	O
in	O
the	O
LaTeX	B-Application
document	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
If	O
the	O
command	O
appears	O
inside	O
a	O
LaTeX	B-Application
document	O
,	O
the	O
bibtex	B-Language
program	O
will	O
include	O
this	O
book	O
in	O
the	O
list	O
of	O
references	O
for	O
the	O
document	O
and	O
generate	O
appropriate	O
LaTeX	B-Application
formatting	O
code	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
When	O
viewing	O
the	O
formatted	O
LaTeX	B-Application
document	O
,	O
the	O
result	O
might	O
look	O
like	O
this	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
Depending	O
on	O
the	O
style	O
file	O
,	O
BibTeX	B-Language
may	O
rearrange	O
authors	O
 '	O
last	O
names	O
,	O
change	O
the	O
case	O
of	O
titles	O
,	O
omit	O
fields	O
present	O
in	O
the	O
.bib	O
file	O
,	O
format	O
text	O
in	O
italics	O
,	O
add	O
punctuation	O
,	O
etc	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
types	O
of	O
entries	O
and	O
fields	O
used	O
in	O
virtually	O
all	O
BibTeX	B-Language
styles	O
BibTeX	B-Language
are	O
listed	O
below	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
BibTeX	B-Language
database	O
can	O
contain	O
the	O
following	O
types	O
of	O
entries	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
conference	O
The	O
same	O
as	O
inproceedings	O
,	O
included	O
for	O
Scribe	B-Protocol
compatibility	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
BibTeX	B-Language
entry	O
can	O
contain	O
various	O
types	O
of	O
fields	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
key	O
is	O
the	O
first	O
item	O
in	O
a	O
BibTeX	B-Language
entry	O
,	O
and	O
is	O
not	O
part	O
of	O
any	O
field	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
BibTeX	B-Language
formats	O
bibliographic	O
items	O
according	O
to	O
a	O
style	O
file	O
,	O
typically	O
by	O
generating	O
TeX	B-Application
or	O
LaTeX	B-Application
formatting	O
commands	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
style	O
files	O
for	O
generating	O
HTML	B-Language
output	O
also	O
exist	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
BibTeX	B-Language
style	O
files	O
,	O
for	O
which	O
the	O
suffix	O
.bst	O
is	O
common	O
,	O
are	O
written	O
in	O
a	O
simple	O
,	O
stack-based	O
programming	O
language	O
(	O
dubbed	O
"	O
BibTeX	B-Language
Anonymous	O
Forth-Like	O
Language	O
"	O
,	O
or	O
"	O
BAFLL	O
"	O
,	O
by	O
Drew	O
McDermott	O
)	O
that	O
describes	O
how	O
bibliography	O
items	O
should	O
be	O
formatted	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Most	O
journals	O
or	O
publishers	O
that	O
support	O
LaTeX	B-Application
have	O
a	O
customized	O
bibliographic	O
style	O
file	O
for	O
the	O
convenience	O
of	O
the	O
authors	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Astrophysics	B-Application
Data	I-Application
System	I-Application
–	O
The	O
NASA	B-Application
ADS	I-Application
is	O
an	O
online	O
database	O
of	O
over	O
eight	O
million	O
astronomy	O
and	O
physics	O
papers	O
and	O
provides	O
BibTeX	B-Language
format	O
citations	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
BibDesk	B-Language
–	O
Open-source	O
software	O
application	O
for	O
macOS	B-Application
for	O
creating	O
,	O
editing	O
,	O
managing	O
,	O
and	O
searching	O
BibTeX	B-Language
files	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
BibSonomy	B-Application
–	O
A	O
social	O
bookmark	O
and	O
publication	O
management	O
system	O
based	O
on	O
BibTeX	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
Citavi	B-Application
–	O
Reference	B-Application
manager	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Works	O
with	O
various	O
TeX-Editors	O
and	O
supports	O
BibTeX	B-Language
input	O
and	O
output	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
CiteSeer	B-Application
–	O
An	O
online	O
database	O
of	O
research	O
publications	O
which	O
can	O
produce	O
BibTeX	B-Language
format	O
citations	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
CiteULike	B-Application
(	O
discontinued	O
)	O
–	O
A	O
community	O
based	O
bibliography	O
database	O
that	O
had	O
BibTeX	B-Language
input	O
and	O
output	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-Language
Collection	I-Language
of	I-Language
Computer	I-Language
Science	I-Language
Bibliographies	I-Language
–	O
uses	O
BibTeX	B-Language
as	O
internal	O
data	O
format	O
,	O
search	O
results	O
and	O
contributions	O
primarily	O
in	O
BibTeX	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
Connotea	B-Protocol
–	O
Open-source	O
social	O
bookmark	O
style	O
publication	O
management	O
system	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Google	B-Application
Books	I-Application
–	O
The	O
bibliographic	O
information	O
for	O
each	O
book	O
is	O
exportable	O
in	O
BibTeX	B-Language
format	O
via	O
the	O
'	O
Export	O
Citation	O
 '	O
feature	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Google	B-Library
Scholar	I-Library
–	O
Google	O
's	O
system	O
for	O
searching	O
scholarly	O
literature	O
provides	O
BibTeX	B-Language
format	O
citations	O
if	O
the	O
option	O
is	O
enabled	O
in	O
'	O
Scholar	O
Preferences	O
 '	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Google	B-Application
Research	I-Application
–	O
Housed	O
within	O
the	B-Application
artificial	I-Application
intelligence	I-Application
division	O
of	O
Google	O
is	O
a	O
compilation	O
of	O
publications	O
by	O
Google	O
staff	O
with	O
BibTeX	B-Language
citation	O
links	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
HubMed	B-Application
–	O
A	O
versatile	O
PubMed	B-Library
interface	O
including	O
BibTeX	B-Language
output	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
INSPIRE-HEP	O
–	O
The	O
INSPIRE	O
High-Energy	O
Physics	O
literature	O
database	O
provides	O
BibTeX	B-Language
format	O
citations	O
for	O
over	O
one	O
million	O
high-energy	O
physics	O
papers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
JabRef	B-Language
–	O
Open-source	O
cross-platform	B-Operating_System
software	I-Operating_System
application	O
for	O
creating	O
,	O
editing	O
,	O
managing	O
,	O
and	O
searching	O
BibTeX	B-Language
and	O
BibLaTeX	B-Language
files	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Mendeley	B-Language
–	O
Reference	B-Application
manager	I-Application
,	O
for	O
collecting	O
papers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Pandoc	B-Language
–	O
Open-source	O
document	O
converter	O
that	O
can	O
read	O
a	O
BibTeX	B-Language
file	O
and	O
produce	O
formatted	O
citations	O
in	O
any	O
bibliography	O
style	O
specified	O
in	O
a	O
citation	O
style	O
language	O
(	O
CSL	O
)	O
file	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Qiqqa	B-Application
–	O
Software	O
application	O
for	O
Windows	O
that	O
includes	O
a	O
fully	O
featured	O
BibTeX	B-Language
editor	O
and	O
validator	O
,	O
along	O
with	O
tools	O
for	O
automatically	O
populating	O
BibTeX	B-Language
records	O
for	O
PDFs	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
refbase	B-Protocol
–	O
Open-source	O
reference	B-Application
manager	I-Application
for	O
institutional	O
repositories	O
and	O
self	O
archiving	O
with	O
BibTeX	B-Language
input	O
and	O
output	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
RefTeX	B-Operating_System
–	O
Emacs	B-Application
based	O
reference	B-Application
manager	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Wikindx	B-Application
–	O
Open-source	O
virtual	O
research	O
environment/enhanced	O
bibliography	B-Application
manager	I-Application
including	O
BibTeX	B-Language
input	O
and	O
output	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Wikipedia	O
–	O
Pressing	O
cite	O
this	O
page	O
on	O
the	O
side	O
of	O
an	O
article	O
provides	O
a	O
BibTeX	B-Language
format	O
citation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Zentralblatt	O
MATH	O
–	O
Database	O
by	O
the	O
European	O
Mathematical	O
Society	O
,	O
FIZ	O
Karlsruhe	O
and	O
Heidelberg	O
Academy	O
(	O
subscription	O
,	O
3	O
free	O
entries	O
)	O
;	O
choose	O
BibTeX	B-Language
button	O
or	O
format	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Zotero	B-Application
–	O
Open-source	O
reference	B-Application
manager	I-Application
with	O
advanced	O
features	O
such	O
as	O
synchronization	O
between	O
different	O
computers	O
,	O
social	O
bookmarking	O
,	O
searching	O
inside	O
saved	O
PDFs	B-Application
and	O
BibTeX	B-Language
output	O
.	O
</s>
