<s>
In	O
mathematics	O
,	O
a	O
bi-directional	B-Algorithm
delay	I-Algorithm
line	I-Algorithm
is	O
a	O
numerical	B-General_Concept
analysis	I-General_Concept
technique	O
used	O
in	O
computer	B-Application
simulation	I-Application
for	O
solving	O
ordinary	O
differential	O
equations	O
by	O
converting	O
them	O
to	O
hyperbolic	O
equations	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
was	O
then	O
found	O
that	O
it	O
could	O
be	O
used	O
as	O
an	O
efficient	O
numerical	O
technique	O
for	O
numerically	B-General_Concept
insulating	O
different	O
parts	O
of	O
a	O
simulation	O
model	O
in	O
each	O
times	O
step	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
used	O
in	O
the	O
HOPSAN	B-Language
simulation	O
package	O
(	O
Krus	O
et	O
al	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
also	O
known	O
as	O
the	O
Transmission	B-Algorithm
Line	I-Algorithm
Modelling	I-Algorithm
(	O
TLM	O
)	O
from	O
an	O
independent	O
development	O
by	O
Johns	O
and	O
O'Brian	O
1980	O
.	O
</s>
