<s>
The	O
basal	O
or	O
basic	B-Algorithm
electrical	I-Algorithm
rhythm	I-Algorithm
(	O
BER	O
)	O
or	O
electrical	B-Algorithm
control	I-Algorithm
activity	I-Algorithm
(	O
ECA	O
)	O
is	O
the	O
spontaneous	O
depolarization	O
and	O
repolarization	O
of	O
pacemaker	O
cells	O
known	O
as	O
interstitial	O
cells	O
of	O
Cajal	O
(	O
ICCs	O
)	O
in	O
the	O
smooth	O
muscle	O
of	O
the	O
stomach	O
,	O
small	O
intestine	O
,	O
and	O
large	O
intestine	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
basal	B-Algorithm
electrical	I-Algorithm
rhythm	I-Algorithm
controls	O
the	O
frequency	O
of	O
contraction	O
but	O
additional	O
neuronal	O
and	O
hormonal	O
controls	O
regulate	O
the	O
strength	O
of	O
each	O
contraction	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
physical	O
contractions	O
of	O
the	O
smooth	O
muscle	O
cells	O
can	O
be	O
caused	O
by	O
action	B-Algorithm
potentials	I-Algorithm
in	O
efferent	O
motor	O
neurons	O
of	O
the	O
enteric	O
nervous	O
system	O
,	O
or	O
by	O
receptor	O
mediated	O
calcium	O
influx	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
These	O
action	B-Algorithm
potentials	I-Algorithm
cause	O
the	O
smooth	O
muscle	O
cells	O
to	O
contract	O
or	O
relax	O
,	O
depending	O
on	O
the	O
particular	O
stimulation	O
the	O
cells	O
receive	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Contraction	O
of	O
the	O
smooth	O
muscle	O
can	O
occur	O
when	O
the	O
BER	O
reaches	O
its	O
plateau	O
(	O
an	O
absolute	O
value	O
less	O
than	O
-45mV	O
)	O
while	O
a	O
simultaneous	O
stimulatory	O
action	B-Algorithm
potential	I-Algorithm
occurs	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
contraction	O
will	O
not	O
occur	O
unless	O
an	O
action	B-Algorithm
potential	I-Algorithm
occurs	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Generally	O
,	O
BER	O
waves	O
stimulate	O
action	B-Algorithm
potentials	I-Algorithm
and	O
action	B-Algorithm
potentials	I-Algorithm
stimulate	O
contractions	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
order	O
for	O
a	O
contraction	O
to	O
occur	O
,	O
a	O
hormone	O
or	O
neurocrine	O
signal	O
must	O
induce	O
the	O
smooth	O
muscle	O
cell	O
to	O
have	O
an	O
action	B-Algorithm
potential	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
basal	B-Algorithm
electrical	I-Algorithm
rhythm	I-Algorithm
allows	O
the	O
smooth	O
muscle	O
cell	O
to	O
depolarize	O
and	O
contract	O
rhythmically	O
when	O
exposed	O
to	O
hormonal	O
signals	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
action	B-Algorithm
potential	I-Algorithm
is	O
transmitted	O
to	O
other	O
smooth	O
muscle	O
cells	O
via	O
gap	O
junctions	O
,	O
creating	O
a	O
peristaltic	O
wave	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
number	O
of	O
action	B-Algorithm
potentials	I-Algorithm
during	O
the	O
plateau	O
of	O
a	O
particular	O
BER	O
slow	O
wave	O
can	O
vary	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
variation	O
in	O
action	B-Algorithm
potential	I-Algorithm
generation	O
does	O
not	O
impact	O
the	O
frequency	O
of	O
waves	O
through	O
the	O
GI	O
tract	O
,	O
only	O
the	O
strength	O
of	O
those	O
contractile	O
waves	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
CCK	O
-	O
Suppresses	O
motility	O
in	O
the	O
stomach	O
and	O
duodenum	O
Additionally	O
,	O
CCK	O
stimulates	O
secretion	O
of	O
PPY	B-Algorithm
and	O
inhibits	O
the	O
secretion	O
of	O
ghrelin	O
.	O
</s>
