<s>
Bare	B-Architecture
Machine	I-Architecture
Computing	I-Architecture
(	O
BMC	O
)	O
is	O
a	O
computer	B-General_Concept
architecture	I-General_Concept
based	O
on	O
bare	O
machines	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
the	O
BMC	O
paradigm	O
,	O
applications	O
run	O
without	O
the	O
support	O
of	O
any	O
operating	B-General_Concept
system	I-General_Concept
(	O
OS	O
)	O
or	O
centralized	O
kernel	O
i.e.	O
,	O
no	O
intermediary	O
software	O
is	O
loaded	O
on	O
the	O
bare	O
machine	O
prior	O
to	O
running	O
applications	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
the	O
early	O
days	O
of	O
computing	O
,	O
computer	O
applications	O
directly	O
communicated	O
to	O
the	O
hardware	O
and	O
there	O
was	O
no	O
operating	B-General_Concept
system	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
OSes	O
have	O
grown	O
immensely	O
in	O
their	O
size	O
and	O
complexity	O
resulting	O
in	O
attempts	O
to	O
reduce	O
OS	O
overhead	O
and	O
improve	O
performance	O
including	O
Microkernel	B-Operating_System
,	O
Exokernel	B-Operating_System
,	O
Tiny-OS	B-Device
,	O
OS-Kit	O
,	O
Palacios	O
and	O
Kitten	O
,	O
IO_Lite	O
,	O
bare-metal	O
Linux	O
,	O
IBM-Libra	B-Application
and	O
other	O
lean	O
kernels	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
addition	O
to	O
the	O
above	O
approaches	O
,	O
in	O
embedded	B-Architecture
systems	I-Architecture
such	O
as	O
smart	O
phones	O
,	O
a	O
small	O
and	O
dedicated	O
portion	O
of	O
an	O
OS	O
and	O
a	O
given	O
set	O
of	O
applications	O
are	O
closely	O
integrated	O
with	O
the	O
hardware	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Bare	B-Architecture
machine	I-Architecture
computing	I-Architecture
originated	O
with	O
the	O
application	O
object	O
(	O
AO	O
)	O
concept	O
invented	O
by	O
Karne	O
at	O
Towson	O
University	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
evolved	O
over	O
the	O
years	O
into	O
dispersed	O
operating	B-General_Concept
systems	I-General_Concept
(	O
DOSC	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
eventually	O
into	O
the	O
BMC	O
paradigm	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Such	O
characteristics	O
are	O
not	O
found	O
in	O
conventional	O
computing	O
systems	O
including	O
embedded	B-Architecture
systems	I-Architecture
and	O
system	B-Architecture
on	I-Architecture
a	I-Architecture
chip	I-Architecture
(	O
SOC	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
bare	B-Architecture
machine	I-Architecture
computing	I-Architecture
a	O
computing	O
device	O
is	O
bare	O
and	O
its	O
programs	O
directly	O
communicate	O
to	O
hardware	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
BMC	O
paradigm	O
has	O
been	O
used	O
to	O
implement	O
webservers	O
,	O
split	O
servers	O
,	O
VoIP	O
,	O
SIP	O
server	O
,	O
email	O
,	O
webmail	O
,	O
Text	O
Based	O
Browser	O
,	O
security	O
protocols	O
,	O
file	B-Application
systems	I-Application
,	O
RAID	O
,	O
transformed	O
bare	O
SQLite.	O
,	O
middleware	O
for	O
network	O
cards	O
interfaces	O
(	O
NICS	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
ethernet	O
BONDING	O
on	O
BMC	O
webserver	O
with	O
dual	O
NICs	O
,	O
Success	O
in	O
transforming	O
conventional	O
Windows	O
or	O
Linux	O
applications	O
to	O
run	O
as	O
BMC	O
applications	O
will	O
pave	O
the	O
way	O
for	O
new	O
uses	O
of	O
the	O
BMC	O
paradigm	O
.	O
</s>
