<s>
Bacterial	B-Algorithm
nanowires	I-Algorithm
(	O
also	O
known	O
as	O
microbial	O
nanowires	O
)	O
are	O
electrically	O
conductive	O
appendages	O
produced	O
by	O
a	O
number	O
of	O
bacteria	O
most	O
notably	O
from	O
(	O
but	O
not	O
exclusive	O
to	O
)	O
the	O
Geobacter	O
and	O
Shewanella	O
genera	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
From	O
physiological	O
and	O
functional	O
perspectives	O
,	O
bacterial	B-Algorithm
nanowires	I-Algorithm
are	O
diverse	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Outside	O
of	O
a	O
naturally	O
occurring	O
environment	O
,	O
bacterial	B-Algorithm
nanowires	I-Algorithm
have	O
shown	O
potential	O
to	O
be	O
useful	O
in	O
several	O
fields	O
,	O
notably	O
the	O
bioenergy	O
and	O
bioremediation	O
industries	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Despite	O
being	O
physiologically	O
distinct	O
from	O
pili	O
,	O
bacterial	B-Algorithm
nanowires	I-Algorithm
are	O
often	O
described	O
as	O
pili	O
anyway	O
due	O
to	O
the	O
initial	O
misconception	O
upon	O
their	O
discovery	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2010	O
,	O
bacterial	B-Algorithm
nanowires	I-Algorithm
were	O
shown	O
to	O
have	O
facilitated	O
the	O
flow	O
of	O
electricity	O
into	O
Sporomusa	O
bacteria	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Aside	O
from	O
that	O
,	O
the	O
extent	O
of	O
the	O
implications	O
brought	O
on	O
by	O
the	O
existence	O
of	O
bacterial	B-Algorithm
nanowires	I-Algorithm
is	O
not	O
fully	O
realized	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
microbial	O
fuel	O
cells	O
(	O
MFCs	O
)	O
,	O
bacterial	B-Algorithm
nanowires	I-Algorithm
generate	O
electricity	O
via	O
extracellular	O
electron	O
transport	O
to	O
the	O
MFC	O
's	O
anode	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
particular	O
,	O
bacterial	B-Algorithm
nanowires	I-Algorithm
of	O
Geobacter	O
sulfurreducens	O
possess	O
metallic-like	O
conductivity	O
,	O
producing	O
electricity	O
at	O
levels	O
comparable	O
to	O
those	O
of	O
synthetic	O
metallic	O
nanostructures	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
To	O
date	O
,	O
the	O
currency	O
produced	O
by	O
bacterial	B-Algorithm
nanowires	I-Algorithm
is	O
very	O
low	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Further	O
significant	O
application	O
of	O
bacterial	B-Algorithm
nanowires	I-Algorithm
can	O
be	O
seen	O
in	O
the	O
bioelectronics	O
industry	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
With	O
sustainable	O
resources	O
in	O
mind	O
,	O
scientists	O
have	O
proposed	O
the	O
future	O
use	O
of	O
biofilms	O
of	O
Geobacter	O
as	O
a	O
platform	O
for	O
functional	O
under	O
water	O
transistors	B-Application
and	O
supercapacitors	O
,	O
capable	O
of	O
self-renewing	O
energy	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
20	O
April	O
2020	O
,	O
researchers	O
demonstrated	O
a	O
diffusive	O
memristor	O
fabricated	O
from	O
protein	O
nanowires	O
of	O
the	O
bacterium	O
Geobacter	O
sulfurreducens	O
which	O
functions	O
at	O
substantially	O
lower	O
voltages	O
than	O
the	O
ones	O
previously	O
described	O
and	O
may	O
allow	O
the	O
construction	O
of	O
artificial	B-Algorithm
neurons	I-Algorithm
which	O
function	O
at	O
voltages	O
of	O
biological	O
action	B-Algorithm
potentials	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
Bacterial	B-Algorithm
nanowires	I-Algorithm
vary	O
from	O
traditionally	O
utilized	O
silicon	O
nanowires	O
by	O
showing	O
an	O
increased	O
degree	O
of	O
biocompatibility	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
More	O
research	O
is	O
needed	O
,	O
but	O
the	O
memristors	O
may	O
eventually	O
be	O
used	O
to	O
directly	O
process	O
biosensing	O
signals	O
,	O
for	O
neuromorphic	O
computing	O
and/or	O
direct	B-Application
communication	I-Application
with	I-Application
biological	I-Application
neurons	I-Application
.	O
</s>
