<s>
The	O
Automated	B-General_Concept
Mathematician	I-General_Concept
(	O
AM	O
)	O
is	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
earliest	O
successful	O
discovery	B-Algorithm
systems	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
was	O
created	O
by	O
Douglas	O
Lenat	O
in	O
Lisp	B-Language
,	O
and	O
in	O
1977	O
led	O
to	O
Lenat	O
being	O
awarded	O
the	O
IJCAI	O
Computers	O
and	O
Thought	O
Award	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
AM	O
worked	O
by	O
generating	O
and	O
modifying	O
short	O
Lisp	B-Language
programs	O
which	O
were	O
then	O
interpreted	O
as	O
defining	O
various	O
mathematical	O
concepts	O
;	O
for	O
example	O
,	O
a	O
program	O
that	O
tested	O
equality	O
between	O
the	O
length	O
of	O
two	O
lists	O
was	O
considered	O
to	O
represent	O
the	O
concept	O
of	O
numerical	O
equality	O
,	O
while	O
a	O
program	O
that	O
produced	O
a	O
list	O
whose	O
length	O
was	O
the	O
product	O
of	O
the	O
lengths	O
of	O
two	O
other	O
lists	O
was	O
interpreted	O
as	O
representing	O
the	O
concept	O
of	O
multiplication	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
system	O
had	O
elaborate	O
heuristics	B-Algorithm
for	O
choosing	O
which	O
programs	O
to	O
extend	O
and	O
modify	O
,	O
based	O
on	O
the	O
experiences	O
of	O
working	O
mathematicians	O
in	O
solving	O
mathematical	O
problems	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Lenat	O
claimed	O
that	O
the	O
system	O
was	O
composed	O
of	O
hundreds	O
of	O
data	O
structures	O
called	O
"	O
concepts	O
,	O
"	O
together	O
with	O
hundreds	O
of	O
"	O
heuristic	B-Algorithm
rules	O
"	O
and	O
a	O
simple	O
flow	O
of	O
control	O
:	O
"	O
AM	O
repeatedly	O
selects	O
the	O
top	O
task	O
from	O
the	O
agenda	O
and	O
tries	O
to	O
carry	O
it	O
out	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Yet	O
the	O
heuristic	B-Algorithm
rules	O
were	O
not	O
always	O
represented	O
as	O
separate	O
data	O
structures	O
;	O
some	O
had	O
to	O
be	O
intertwined	O
with	O
the	O
control	O
flow	O
logic	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
his	O
paper	O
Why	O
AM	O
and	O
Eurisko	B-Algorithm
appear	O
to	O
work	O
,	O
Lenat	O
conceded	O
that	O
any	O
system	O
that	O
generated	O
enough	O
short	O
Lisp	B-Language
programs	O
would	O
generate	O
ones	O
that	O
could	O
be	O
interpreted	O
by	O
an	O
external	O
observer	O
as	O
representing	O
equally	O
sophisticated	O
mathematical	O
concepts	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
intuition	O
was	O
the	O
basis	O
of	O
AM	O
's	O
successor	O
Eurisko	B-Algorithm
,	O
which	O
attempted	O
to	O
generalize	O
the	O
search	O
for	O
mathematical	O
concepts	O
to	O
the	O
search	O
for	O
useful	O
heuristics	B-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
