<s>
The	O
Asia-Pacific	O
Telecommunity	O
(	O
APT	O
)	O
band	B-Algorithm
plan	I-Algorithm
is	O
a	O
type	O
of	O
segmentation	O
of	O
the	O
612	O
–	O
806MHz	O
band	O
(	O
usually	O
referred	O
to	O
as	O
the	O
600	O
MHz	O
&	O
700	O
MHz	O
bands	O
)	O
formalized	O
by	O
the	O
APT	O
in	O
2022	O
–	O
2023	O
and	O
2008-2010	O
respectively	O
and	O
specially	O
configured	O
for	O
the	O
deployment	O
of	O
mobile	O
broadband	O
technologies	O
(	O
e.g.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
APT	B-Protocol
band	I-Protocol
plan	I-Protocol
has	O
been	O
designed	O
to	O
enable	O
the	O
most	O
efficient	O
use	O
of	O
available	O
spectrum	B-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
the	O
result	O
,	O
the	O
TDD	O
option	O
(	O
segmentation	B-Protocol
A6	I-Protocol
)	O
includes	O
100MHz	O
of	O
continuous	O
spectrum	B-Algorithm
,	O
while	O
the	O
FDD	O
option	O
(	O
segmentation	B-Protocol
A5	I-Protocol
)	O
comprises	O
two	O
large	O
blocks	O
,	O
one	O
of	O
45MHz	O
for	O
uplink	O
transmission	O
(	O
mobile	O
to	O
network	O
)	O
in	O
the	O
lower	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
band	O
and	O
the	O
other	O
also	O
of	O
45MHz	O
for	O
downlink	O
transmission	O
in	O
the	O
upper	O
part	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
defined	O
in	O
the	O
standard	O
,	O
both	O
FDD	O
and	O
TDD	O
schemes	O
for	O
the	O
700MHz	O
band	O
include	O
guard	B-Algorithm
bands	I-Algorithm
of	O
5MHz	O
and	O
3MHz	O
at	O
their	O
lower	O
and	O
upper	O
edges	O
,	O
respectively	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
guard	B-Algorithm
bands	I-Algorithm
serve	O
the	O
purpose	O
of	O
mitigating	O
interference	O
with	O
adjacent	O
bands	O
while	O
the	O
FDD	O
centre	O
gap	O
is	O
required	O
to	O
avoid	O
interference	O
between	O
uplink	O
and	O
downlink	O
transmissions	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Existing	O
3GPP	O
standards	O
for	O
the	O
APT	B-Protocol
band	I-Protocol
plan	I-Protocol
are	O
given	O
below	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
Allocation	B-Algorithm
of	O
the	O
700MHz	O
band	O
(	O
that	O
in	O
many	O
parts	O
of	O
the	O
world	O
is	O
commonly	O
referred	O
to	O
as	O
the	O
Digital	B-Architecture
Dividend	I-Architecture
)	O
to	O
mobile	O
communications	O
it	O
is	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
key	O
solutions	O
for	O
meeting	O
the	O
mobile	O
data	O
explosion	O
challenge	O
faced	O
by	O
the	O
telecommunications	O
industry	O
and	O
telecommunications	O
regulators	O
seeking	O
additional	O
spectrum	B-Algorithm
for	O
the	O
deployment	O
of	O
new	O
mobile	O
broadband	O
networks	O
and	O
capacity	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
of	O
today	O
,	O
the	O
APT	B-Protocol
band	I-Protocol
plan	I-Protocol
is	O
considered	O
to	O
be	O
the	O
most	O
effective	O
way	O
to	O
segment	O
the	O
700MHz	O
band	O
from	O
the	O
point	O
of	O
view	O
of	O
modern	O
spectrum	B-Algorithm
management	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
this	O
reason	O
,	O
the	O
FDD	O
APT	B-Protocol
band	I-Protocol
plan	I-Protocol
option	O
is	O
generally	O
referred	O
to	O
as	O
the	O
APT	B-Protocol
band	I-Protocol
plan	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
With	O
this	O
,	O
FCC	O
demonstrates	O
its	O
leadership	O
and	O
vision	O
in	O
spectrum	B-Algorithm
management	O
as	O
early	O
as	O
a	O
decade	O
before	O
the	O
APT	B-Protocol
band	I-Protocol
plan	I-Protocol
is	O
created	O
and	O
long	O
before	O
the	O
appearance	O
of	O
mobile	O
data	O
growth	O
phenomenon	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
as	O
a	O
result	O
,	O
the	O
US	O
band	B-Algorithm
plan	I-Algorithm
is	O
shaped	O
in	O
a	O
highly	O
complex	O
and	O
fragmented	O
way	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
2009	O
,	O
p.16	O
that	O
it	O
will	O
offer	O
an	O
advanced	O
packet-switching	B-Protocol
network	I-Protocol
to	O
simultaneously	O
send	O
voice	O
,	O
data	O
,	O
and	O
video	O
down	O
a	O
single	O
phone	O
line	O
,	O
for	O
the	O
first	O
time	O
in	O
history.September	O
2000	O
,	O
February	O
2001	O
,	O
April	O
2002	O
,	O
August	O
2002	O
,	O
May	O
2003	O
,	O
July	O
2005	O
–	O
In	O
USA	O
,	O
during	O
Auctions	O
31	O
,	O
33	O
,	O
38	O
,	O
44	O
,	O
49	O
,	O
and	O
60	O
,	O
respectively	O
,	O
guardbands	O
and	O
a	O
few	O
spectrum	B-Algorithm
blocks	O
are	O
auctioned	O
in	O
both	O
upper	O
and	O
lower	O
700	O
MHz	O
bands	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
frequencies	O
are	O
arranged	O
in	O
a	O
way	O
that	O
the	O
700	O
MHz	O
band	O
is	O
broken	O
into	O
small	O
spectrum	B-Algorithm
blocks	O
of	O
6	O
MHz	O
wide	O
each	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
2005	O
-	O
Nokia	O
announces	O
the	O
Nokia	B-Application
770	I-Application
Internet	I-Application
Tablet	I-Application
,	O
the	O
first	O
tablet	B-Device
to	O
appear	O
on	O
the	O
marketOctober	O
2007	O
–	O
The	O
decision	O
to	O
allocate	O
the	O
700	O
MHz	O
band	O
to	O
IMT	O
is	O
taken	O
at	O
the	O
World	O
Radio	O
Conference	O
in	O
2007	O
(	O
WRC-07	O
)	O
by	O
the	O
ITU-R.2006	O
–	O
First	O
4G	B-Architecture
WiMAX	O
network	O
is	O
deployed	O
commercially	O
in	O
South	O
Korea	O
by	O
KT	O
Corp	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
2007	O
–	O
Apple	O
Inc	O
.	O
announces	O
the	O
iPhone	B-Device
,	O
a	O
product	O
that	O
is	O
designed	O
to	O
unleash	O
the	O
potential	O
of	O
mobile	O
internetMarch	O
2008	O
–	O
The	O
FCC	O
auctions	O
off	O
A	O
,	O
B	O
,	O
C	O
,	O
and	O
E	O
block	O
licenses	O
in	O
the	O
700	O
MHz	O
band	O
raising	O
around	O
US$19	O
billion	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
a	O
result	O
,	O
the	O
biggest	O
share	O
of	O
the	O
spectrum	B-Algorithm
goes	O
to	O
Verizon	B-Application
Wireless	I-Application
and	O
the	O
next	O
biggest	O
to	O
AT&T	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
These	O
auctions	O
and	O
the	O
spectrum	B-Algorithm
ownership	O
they	O
granted	O
represent	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
most	O
important	O
steps	O
in	O
the	O
definition	O
of	O
the	O
ecosystem	O
of	O
the	O
US	O
band	B-Algorithm
plan	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
2008	O
–	O
Apple	O
Inc	O
.	O
releases	O
iPhone	B-Device
3G	B-Architecture
that	O
supports	O
3G	B-Architecture
networks	I-Architecture
and	O
boosts	O
mobile	O
data	O
consumption	O
by	O
usersSeptember	O
2009	O
–	O
Shortly	O
after	O
the	O
WRC-07	O
,	O
based	O
on	O
inputs	O
from	O
numerous	O
stakeholders	O
and	O
having	O
taken	O
into	O
account	O
foreseen	O
developments	O
of	O
telecommunications	O
industry	O
,	O
the	O
Spectrum	B-Algorithm
Working	O
Group	O
of	O
the	O
APT	O
elaborates	O
the	O
original	O
version	O
of	O
the	O
APT	B-Protocol
band	I-Protocol
plan	I-Protocol
in	O
the	O
700	O
MHz	O
band	O
in	O
their	O
release	O
of	O
the	O
Report	O
11	O
(	O
“	O
APT	O
report	O
on	O
UHF	O
band	O
usage	O
and	O
considerations	O
for	O
realizing	O
the	O
UHF	O
Digital	B-Architecture
Dividend	I-Architecture
”	O
,	O
No	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
2009	O
–	O
First	O
4G	B-Architecture
LTE	O
network	O
is	O
deployed	O
commercially	O
in	O
Scandinavia	O
by	O
TeliaSoneraMarch	O
2010	O
-	O
During	O
the	O
8th	O
meeting	O
of	O
the	O
APT	O
Wireless	O
Forum	O
(	O
AWF-8	O
)	O
,	O
held	O
in	O
Tokyo	O
,	O
Japan	O
from	O
29	O
March	O
to	O
1	O
April	O
2010	O
,	O
the	O
consensus	O
is	O
reached	O
on	O
the	O
basic	O
structure	O
of	O
harmonized	O
segmentation	O
of	O
the	O
698-806	O
MHz	O
band	O
and	O
the	O
Spectrum	B-Algorithm
Working	O
Group	O
of	O
the	O
APT	O
initiates	O
the	O
study	O
of	O
the	O
UHF	O
Digital	B-Architecture
Dividend	I-Architecture
in	O
order	O
to	O
develop	O
frequency	O
arrangements	O
leading	O
to	O
a	O
widely	O
accepted	O
harmonized	O
band	B-Algorithm
plan	I-Algorithm
for	O
the	O
700	O
MHz	O
band	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
November	O
2010	O
-	O
Samsung	B-Application
Galaxy	O
Craft	O
offered	O
by	O
MetroPCS	O
is	O
the	O
first	O
commercially	O
available	O
LTE	O
smartphoneSeptember	O
2011	O
-	O
The	O
Spectrum	B-Algorithm
Working	O
group	O
releases	O
the	O
second	O
report	O
focusing	O
on	O
the	O
APT	B-Protocol
band	I-Protocol
plan	I-Protocol
where	O
a	O
number	O
of	O
in-depth	O
studies	O
on	O
mobile	O
user	O
equipment	O
and	O
out-of-band	O
emission	O
levels	O
are	O
presented	O
(	O
“	O
APT	O
Report	O
on	O
Implementation	O
Issues	O
Associated	O
With	O
Use	O
of	O
the	O
Band	O
698-806	O
MHz	O
by	O
Mobile	O
Services	O
”	O
,	O
No	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
December	O
2011	O
,	O
the	O
Inter-American	O
Telecommunication	O
Commission	O
(	O
CITEL	O
)	O
adopts	O
a	O
new	O
recommendation	O
:	O
PCC.II/REC.30	O
(	O
XVIII-11	O
)	O
“	O
Frequency	O
arrangements	O
in	O
the	O
698-806	O
MHz	O
band	O
in	O
the	O
Americas	O
for	O
the	O
mobile	O
broadband	O
services	O
”	O
which	O
includes	O
the	O
FDD	O
APT	B-Protocol
band	I-Protocol
plan	I-Protocol
as	O
another	O
option	O
of	O
segmentation	O
of	O
the	O
700	O
MHz	O
band	O
for	O
Americas	O
Region	O
,	O
besides	O
the	O
US	O
band	B-Algorithm
plan	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
(	O
XVIII	O
Meeting	O
of	O
Permanent	O
Consultative	O
Committee	O
II	O
:	O
Radiocommunications	O
including	O
Broadcasting	B-Operating_System
(	O
PCC.II	O
)	O
,	O
November	O
28	O
to	O
December	O
2	O
,	O
San	O
Juan	O
,	O
Puerto	O
Rico	O
)	O
2011	O
-	O
With	O
5.9	O
billion	O
mobile-cellular	O
subscriptions	O
,	O
global	O
mobile	O
penetration	O
reaches	O
87%	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
2011	O
-	O
Worldwide	O
3G	B-Architecture
coverage	O
reaches	O
45%	O
of	O
the	O
populationJanuary	O
2012	O
–	O
Before	O
and	O
during	O
the	O
World	O
Radio	O
Conference	O
2012	O
,	O
the	O
APT	B-Protocol
band	I-Protocol
plan	I-Protocol
gains	O
momentum	O
resulting	O
in	O
a	O
number	O
of	O
Latin	O
American	O
countries	O
announcing	O
publicly	O
their	O
preference	O
of	O
this	O
segmentation	O
of	O
the	O
700	O
MHz	O
band	B-Algorithm
plan	I-Algorithm
in	O
the	O
following	O
months	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
ITU-R	O
M.1036	O
)	O
;	O
which	O
includes	O
for	O
698-960	O
MHz	O
band	O
the	O
frequency	O
arrangement	O
equivalent	O
to	O
FDD	O
APT	B-Protocol
band	I-Protocol
plan	I-Protocol
identified	O
as	O
“	O
A5	O
”	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
September	O
2012	O
–	O
Apple	O
releases	O
iPhone	B-Device
5	O
that	O
supports	O
LTE	O
networks	O
in	O
the	O
700	O
MHz	O
band	O
(	O
only	O
according	O
to	O
the	O
US	O
band	B-Algorithm
plan	I-Algorithm
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Equipped	O
with	O
a	O
frontal	O
HD	O
camera	O
,	O
iPhone	B-Device
again	O
sets	O
expectations	O
for	O
increasingly	O
higher	O
mobile	O
data	O
consumption	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Country	O
Current	O
state	O
Australia	O
Australia	O
auctioned	O
off	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
700	O
MHz	O
spectrum	B-Algorithm
according	O
to	O
the	O
APT	B-Protocol
band	I-Protocol
plan	I-Protocol
together	O
with	O
the	O
2.5	O
GHz	O
band	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Brazil	O
On	O
February	O
6	O
,	O
2013	O
,	O
Brazil	O
publishedhttp://www.mgconsultoria.com/download/portaria	O
-14-2013.pdf	O
the	O
guidelines	O
for	O
accelerate	O
access	O
to	O
the	O
Digital	O
Television	O
and	O
the	O
expansion	O
of	O
spectrum	B-Algorithm
availability	O
for	O
meeting	O
the	O
objectives	O
of	O
the	O
Brazilian	O
National	O
Broadband	O
Program	O
in	O
the	O
Official	O
Gazette	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
One	O
of	O
the	O
proposals	O
is	O
to	O
consider	O
regional	O
and	O
international	O
harmonization	O
in	O
order	O
to	O
adopt	O
a	O
frequency	O
arrangement	O
that	O
favors	O
coexistence	O
in	O
border	O
regions	O
and	O
the	O
exploitation	O
of	O
economies	O
of	O
scale	O
,	O
the	O
APT	B-Protocol
bandplan	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
China	O
China	O
plans	O
to	O
adopt	O
the	O
TDD	O
version	O
of	O
the	O
APT	B-Protocol
bandplan	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
Colombia	O
In	O
May	O
2012	O
,	O
Colombia	O
announced	O
its	O
adoption	O
of	O
the	O
APT	B-Protocol
band	I-Protocol
plan	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
Costa	O
Rica	O
In	O
March	O
2012	O
,	O
SUTEL	O
,	O
Costa	O
Rican	O
regulator	O
became	O
the	O
first	O
regulator	O
in	O
Latin	O
America	O
to	O
issue	O
a	O
recommendation	O
in	O
favor	O
of	O
the	O
APT	B-Protocol
band	I-Protocol
plan	I-Protocol
on	O
29	O
March	O
where	O
it	O
mentioned	O
the	O
efforts	O
aimed	O
to	O
reach	O
regional	O
harmonization	O
in	O
the	O
700	O
MHz	O
band	O
:	O
”	O
…	O
Among	O
the	O
efforts	O
to	O
concretize	O
this	O
harmonization	O
of	O
spectrum	B-Algorithm
,	O
is	O
the	O
initiative	O
of	O
the	O
Federal	O
Telecommunications	O
Commission	O
(	O
COFETEL	O
)	O
,	O
the	O
entity	O
that	O
,	O
through	O
a	O
series	O
of	O
dialogues	O
with	O
governments	O
of	O
Latin	O
America	O
,	O
has	O
discovered	O
that	O
there	O
exists	O
a	O
great	O
geographic	O
consensus	O
on	O
the	O
way	O
to	O
utilize	O
the	O
spectrum	B-Algorithm
in	O
the	O
698-806	O
MHz	O
band	O
that	O
permits	O
to	O
maximize	O
the	O
social	O
impact	O
of	O
networks	O
in	O
this	O
band.	O
”	O
Ecuador	O
In	O
October	O
2012	O
,	O
Ecuador	O
announced	O
the	O
adoption	O
of	O
the	O
APT	B-Protocol
band	I-Protocol
plan	I-Protocol
at	O
the	O
week	O
of	O
the	O
XX	O
CITEL	O
's	O
PCC.II	O
meeting	O
in	O
Mexico	O
City	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Japan	O
In	O
June	O
2012	O
,	O
Japan	O
's	O
Ministry	O
of	O
Internal	O
Affairs	O
Communications	O
awarded	O
rights	O
to	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
700-MHz	O
spectrum	B-Algorithm
to	O
NTT	O
DoCoMo	O
,	O
KDDI	O
,	O
SoftBank	O
and	O
e-Mobile	O
in	O
accordance	O
with	O
APT	O
FDD	O
band	B-Algorithm
plan	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
India	O
In	O
April	O
2012	O
,	O
the	O
country	O
has	O
introduced	O
the	O
National	O
Frequency	B-Algorithm
Allocation	I-Algorithm
plan	O
where	O
it	O
sets	O
the	O
700	O
MHz	O
band	O
to	O
be	O
used	O
for	O
IMT	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
TRAI	O
,	O
the	O
country	O
's	O
telecom	O
regulator	O
,	O
has	O
proposed	O
to	O
adopt	O
the	O
APT	B-Protocol
bandplan	I-Protocol
and	O
to	O
auction	O
the	O
frequencies	O
already	O
in	O
2013	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
March	O
2013	O
–	O
TRAI	O
announced	O
the	O
adoption	O
of	O
APT700	B-Protocol
FDD	O
band	B-Algorithm
plan	I-Algorithm
and	O
clearly	O
stated	O
that	O
the	O
reason	O
for	O
preferring	O
it	O
over	O
the	O
US	O
band	B-Algorithm
plan	I-Algorithm
was	O
more	O
efficient	O
use	O
of	O
spectrum.In	O
2022	O
,	O
India	O
auctioned	O
the	O
APT	O
600	O
MHz	O
band	O
being	O
the	O
first	O
country	O
in	O
the	O
world	O
to	O
do	O
so	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Mexico	O
In	O
September	O
2012	O
,	O
The	O
Federal	O
Commission	O
of	O
Telecommunications	O
in	O
Mexico	O
(	O
COFETEL	O
)	O
announced	O
the	O
adoption	O
of	O
the	O
APT	B-Protocol
band	I-Protocol
plan	I-Protocol
for	O
the	O
700	O
MHz	O
band	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
New	O
Zealand	O
New	O
Zealand	O
adopted	O
the	O
full	O
FDD	O
APT	B-Protocol
band	I-Protocol
plan	I-Protocol
and	O
auctioned	O
the	O
spectrum	B-Algorithm
in	O
October	O
2013.Vodafone	O
deployed	O
the	O
first	O
4G	B-Architecture
services	O
on	O
700	O
MHz	O
in	O
New	O
Zealand	O
in	O
July	O
2014	O
Panama	O
In	O
October	O
2012	O
,	O
Panama	O
adopted	O
APT	B-Protocol
band	I-Protocol
plan	I-Protocol
one	O
week	O
before	O
the	O
XX	O
CITEL	O
's	O
PCC.II	O
meeting	O
in	O
Mexico	O
City	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Papua	O
New	O
Guinea	O
Papua	O
New	O
Guinea	O
adopted	O
the	O
APT	O
FDD	O
2	O
x	O
45	O
MHz	O
band	O
plan.PhilippinesThe	O
Philippine	O
government	O
with	O
a	O
small	O
part	O
and	O
the	O
duopoly	O
,	O
SMART	O
Communications	O
and	O
Globe	O
Telecom	O
,	O
acquired	O
the	O
coveted	O
700	O
MHz	O
spectrum	B-Algorithm
when	O
San	O
Miguel	O
Corporation	O
sold	O
its	O
telecom	O
business	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
South	O
Korea	O
South	O
Korea	O
allocated	O
2	O
x	O
20	O
MHz	O
in	O
accordance	O
with	O
the	O
APT	O
FDD	O
band	B-Algorithm
plan	I-Algorithm
;	O
usage	O
of	O
remaining	O
spectrum	B-Algorithm
officially	O
has	O
not	O
yet	O
been	O
decided	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Taiwan	O
In	O
October	O
2012	O
,	O
the	O
National	O
Communications	O
Commission	O
in	O
Taiwan	O
announced	O
that	O
they	O
adopted	O
the	O
Asia	O
Pacific	O
Telecommunity	O
(	O
APT	O
)	O
band	B-Algorithm
plan	I-Algorithm
for	O
the	O
700	O
MHz	O
band	O
for	O
mobile	O
services	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Auctions	O
dates	O
are	O
set	O
for	O
August	O
2013	O
and	O
the	O
spectrum	B-Algorithm
will	O
be	O
auctioned	O
off	O
in	O
4	O
blocks	O
-	O
three	O
blocks	O
of	O
10x2	O
MHz	O
and	O
one	O
block	O
of	O
15x2	O
MHz	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Tonga	O
Tonga	O
adopted	O
the	O
APT	O
FDD	O
2	O
x	O
45	O
MHz	O
band	B-Algorithm
plan	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
Trinidad	O
and	O
Tobago	O
In	O
November	O
2017	O
,	O
the	O
Telecommunications	O
Authority	O
of	O
Trinidad	O
and	O
Tobago	O
(	O
TATT	O
)	O
adopted	O
the	O
APT	O
FDD	O
700	O
MHz	O
band	B-Algorithm
plan	I-Algorithm
(	O
i.e.	O
</s>
<s>
LTE	O
Band	B-Protocol
28	I-Protocol
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
2	O
x	O
10	O
MHz	O
of	O
spectrum	B-Algorithm
was	O
allocated	O
to	O
PPDR	O
,	O
2	O
x	O
30	O
MHz	O
(	O
2	O
x	O
10	O
MHz	O
each	O
)	O
was	O
allocated	O
for	O
the	O
provision	O
of	O
public	O
mobile	O
telecommunication	O
services	O
(	O
for	O
3	O
mobile	O
operators	O
)	O
and	O
2	O
x	O
5	O
MHz	O
was	O
allocated	O
for	O
future	O
use	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
United	O
Arab	O
Emirates	O
United	O
Arab	O
Emirates	O
adopted	O
the	O
APT	B-Protocol
band	I-Protocol
plan	I-Protocol
in	O
May	O
2013	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
APT	B-Protocol
band	I-Protocol
plan	I-Protocol
has	O
been	O
developed	O
over	O
a	O
2.5	O
year	O
period	O
and	O
was	O
based	O
on	O
considerable	O
technical	O
studies	O
by	O
industry	O
and	O
governments	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
the	O
overall	O
success	O
of	O
the	O
creation	O
of	O
the	O
harmonized	O
band	B-Algorithm
plan	I-Algorithm
,	O
high	O
degree	O
of	O
cooperation	O
among	O
industry	O
stakeholders	O
(	O
governments	O
,	O
vendors	O
,	O
operators	O
,	O
associations	O
,	O
and	O
other	O
)	O
was	O
key	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
a	O
result	O
,	O
the	O
APT	B-Protocol
band	I-Protocol
plan	I-Protocol
is	O
very	O
well-thought	O
from	O
the	O
technical	O
point	O
of	O
view	O
and	O
is	O
able	O
to	O
meet	O
modern	O
and	O
future	O
requirements	O
by	O
networks	O
,	O
user	O
equipment	O
and	O
growing	O
demand	O
of	O
connectivity	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Because	O
many	O
countries	O
across	O
the	O
globe	O
have	O
adopted	O
the	O
APT	B-Protocol
band	I-Protocol
plan	I-Protocol
,	O
substantial	O
economies	O
of	O
scale	O
are	O
bound	O
to	O
be	O
created	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
APT	B-Protocol
band	I-Protocol
plan	I-Protocol
allows	O
that	O
up	O
to	O
4	O
operators	O
could	O
receive	O
wide	O
spectrum	B-Algorithm
blocks	O
(	O
2x	O
10MHz	O
in	O
this	O
case	O
)	O
,	O
or	O
3	O
operators	O
getting	O
2x	O
15MHz	O
each	O
,	O
or	O
other	O
mixed	O
configurations	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
the	O
other	O
hand	O
,	O
in	O
the	O
US	O
,	O
there	O
are	O
only	O
three	O
commercial	O
operators	O
using	O
the	O
band	O
,	O
with	O
two	O
operators	O
(	O
AT&T	O
and	O
Verizon	B-Application
Wireless	I-Application
)	O
,	O
each	O
having	O
2x	O
10MHz	O
of	O
spectrum	B-Algorithm
and	O
T-Mobile	O
having	O
2x	O
5Mhz	O
of	O
spectrum	B-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
APT	B-Protocol
band	I-Protocol
plan	I-Protocol
has	O
already	O
become	O
a	O
multi-regionally	O
harmonized	O
spectrum	B-Algorithm
band	O
that	O
will	O
provide	O
a	O
coherent	O
ecosystem	O
for	O
LTE	O
devices	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Europe	O
's	O
"	O
second	O
"	O
digital	B-Architecture
dividend	I-Architecture
matches	O
the	O
second	O
duplexer	O
of	O
the	O
APT	B-Protocol
band	I-Protocol
plan	I-Protocol
which	O
implies	O
that	O
the	O
user	O
equipment	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
network	O
elements	O
will	O
be	O
compatible	O
with	O
those	O
of	O
the	O
APT	B-Protocol
band	I-Protocol
plan	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
Additionally	O
,	O
some	O
Middle	O
East	O
and	O
African	O
countries	O
have	O
already	O
shown	O
their	O
preference	O
of	O
the	O
APT	B-Protocol
band	I-Protocol
plan	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
Countries	O
in	O
the	O
Caribbean	O
such	O
as	O
Cuba	O
,	O
Dominican	O
Republic	O
and	O
Trinidad	O
and	O
Tobago	O
have	O
also	O
adopted	O
the	O
APT	B-Protocol
band	I-Protocol
plan	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
APT	B-Protocol
band	I-Protocol
plan	I-Protocol
allows	O
greater	O
national	O
spectrum	B-Algorithm
planning	O
flexibility	O
for	O
governments	O
all	O
over	O
the	O
world	O
,	O
giving	O
the	O
possibility	O
to	O
adjust	O
channel	O
sizes	O
to	O
necessities	O
of	O
particular	O
market	O
and	O
country	O
by	O
allocating	O
blocks	O
ranging	O
from	O
2x	O
5MHz	O
up	O
to	O
2x	O
20MHz	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
With	O
the	O
inclusion	O
of	O
two-duplexer	O
system	O
in	O
the	O
devices	O
and	O
network	O
equipment	O
,	O
full	O
interoperability	O
is	O
guaranteed	O
across	O
the	O
entire	O
band	O
of	O
the	O
APT	B-Protocol
band	I-Protocol
plan	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
a	O
nutshell	O
,	O
it	O
means	O
that	O
any	O
user	O
will	O
be	O
able	O
to	O
use	O
his/her	O
mobile	O
device	O
in	O
any	O
network	O
in	O
the	O
700MHz	O
band	O
where	O
the	O
APT	B-Protocol
band	I-Protocol
plan	I-Protocol
is	O
used	O
,	O
regardless	O
of	O
the	O
mobile	O
operator	O
and	O
the	O
country	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
the	O
contrary	O
,	O
in	O
the	O
US	O
band	B-Algorithm
plan	I-Algorithm
,	O
there	O
are	O
two	O
or	O
three	O
different	O
device	O
ecosystems	O
which	O
translate	O
to	O
non-interoperability	O
within	O
the	O
country	O
,	O
and	O
severe	O
limitations	O
(	O
most	O
probably	O
,	O
practically	O
unavailability	O
)	O
of	O
international	O
roaming	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
APT	B-Protocol
band	I-Protocol
plan	I-Protocol
represents	O
two	O
blocks	O
of	O
45MHz	O
of	O
contiguous	O
spectrum	B-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
enables	O
operators	O
to	O
enjoy	O
much	O
wider	O
channels	O
comparing	O
to	O
the	O
blocks	O
available	O
within	O
the	O
US	O
band	B-Algorithm
plan	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
APT	B-Protocol
band	I-Protocol
plan	I-Protocol
assures	O
appropriate	O
protective	O
measures	O
for	O
other	O
services	O
in	O
adjacent	O
bands	O
which	O
allow	O
avoiding	O
harmful	O
interference	O
from	O
TV	O
services	O
in	O
lower	O
bands	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
from	O
cellular	O
networks	O
in	O
upper	O
bands	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
the	O
near	O
future	O
,	O
the	O
phenomenon	O
of	O
asymmetric	O
traffic	O
(	O
when	O
downlink	O
experiences	O
more	O
traffic	O
than	O
uplink	O
)	O
can	O
be	O
mitigated	O
by	O
applying	O
signal	O
processing	O
techniques	O
that	O
are	O
currently	O
under	O
consideration	O
in	O
the	O
standards	O
development	O
process	O
for	O
the	O
APT	B-Protocol
band	I-Protocol
plan	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
Examples	O
of	O
such	O
techniques	O
are	O
:	O
skewing	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
MIMO	O
antennas	O
to	O
the	O
side	O
where	O
higher	O
traffic	O
is	O
needed	O
,	O
Multi-user	B-Architecture
MIMO	I-Architecture
,	O
and	O
other	O
methods	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
US	O
band	B-Algorithm
plan	I-Algorithm
was	O
developed	O
significantly	O
earlier	O
than	O
the	O
APT	B-Protocol
band	I-Protocol
plan	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
Due	O
to	O
this	O
fact	O
,	O
the	O
ecosystem	O
of	O
this	O
band	B-Algorithm
plan	I-Algorithm
is	O
relatively	O
well-developed	O
with	O
two	O
large	O
networks	O
already	O
operating	O
commercially	O
and	O
with	O
a	O
number	O
of	O
user	O
devices	O
existing	O
on	O
the	O
market	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
APT	B-Protocol
band	I-Protocol
plan	I-Protocol
does	O
not	O
yet	O
enjoy	O
a	O
ready	O
ecosystem	O
and	O
,	O
therefore	O
,	O
has	O
to	O
“	O
compete	O
”	O
with	O
the	O
US	O
band	B-Algorithm
plan	I-Algorithm
in	O
order	O
to	O
become	O
the	O
preferred	O
way	O
for	O
countries	O
to	O
segment	O
the	O
band	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Another	O
existing	O
challenge	O
is	O
the	O
advancement	O
of	O
its	O
own	O
ecosystem	O
,	O
which	O
in	O
turn	O
depends	O
on	O
equipment	O
vendors	O
:	O
terminal	O
devices	O
manufacturers	O
(	O
HTC	B-Application
,	O
Apple	O
,	O
Samsung	B-Application
,	O
Nokia	O
,	O
etc	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Most	O
likely	O
,	O
China	O
will	O
follow	O
the	O
TDD	O
configuration	O
of	O
the	O
APT	B-Protocol
band	I-Protocol
plan	I-Protocol
,	O
thus	O
most	O
probably	O
becoming	O
one	O
of	O
a	O
handful	O
of	O
markets	O
in	O
the	O
world	O
that	O
support	O
such	O
configuration	O
,	O
but	O
still	O
an	O
important	O
and	O
large	O
one	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Even	O
Taiwan	O
,	O
one	O
of	O
China	O
's	O
closest	O
neighbors	O
,	O
adopted	O
the	O
FDD	O
version	O
of	O
the	O
APT	B-Protocol
band	I-Protocol
plan	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
the	O
same	O
time	O
,	O
the	O
TDD	O
configuration	O
of	O
the	O
700MHz	O
,	O
as	O
it	O
is	O
seen	O
today	O
,	O
is	O
not	O
expected	O
to	O
form	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
same	O
ecosystem	O
as	O
the	O
FDD	O
mode	O
either	O
of	O
the	O
APT	B-Protocol
band	I-Protocol
plan	I-Protocol
,	O
or	O
of	O
the	O
US	O
band	B-Algorithm
plan	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
the	O
APT	B-Protocol
700	I-Protocol
FDD	O
configuration	O
,	O
two	O
overlapping	O
duplexers	O
are	O
required	O
to	O
cover	O
the	O
entire	O
band	O
due	O
to	O
the	O
limitations	O
by	O
current	O
filter	O
technologies	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
existence	O
of	O
two	O
duplexers	O
in	O
the	O
APT	B-Protocol
band	I-Protocol
plan	I-Protocol
and	O
the	O
fact	O
that	O
European	O
,	O
Japanese	O
(	O
and	O
perhaps	O
some	O
other	O
future	O
networks	O
)	O
will	O
only	O
work	O
with	O
one	O
duplexer	O
set	O
,	O
raise	O
a	O
question	O
of	O
whether	O
user	O
and	O
network	O
equipment	O
manufacturers	O
will	O
incorporate	O
both	O
duplexers	O
in	O
their	O
equipment	O
or	O
will	O
create	O
two	O
parallel	O
configurations	O
–	O
one	O
with	O
only	O
one	O
duplexer	O
and	O
another	O
one	O
with	O
both	O
of	O
them	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Presence	O
of	O
both	O
configurations	O
would	O
lead	O
to	O
less	O
significant	O
economies	O
of	O
scale	O
for	O
each	O
type	O
of	O
the	O
equipment	O
and	O
to	O
distortions	O
in	O
the	O
economic	O
valuation	O
of	O
different	O
parts	O
of	O
the	O
spectrum	B-Algorithm
in	O
the	O
700MHz	O
band	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Although	O
the	O
dynamics	O
of	O
the	O
market	O
such	O
as	O
the	O
ever-increasing	O
complexity	O
of	O
chipsets	B-Device
,	O
multi-band	O
support	O
by	O
chip	O
manufacturers	O
demonstrate	O
that	O
the	O
most	O
likely	O
outcome	O
is	O
the	O
inclusion	O
of	O
both	O
duplexers	O
in	O
all	O
devices	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Additionally	O
,	O
whereas	O
channel	O
bandwidths	B-Algorithm
up	O
to	O
15MHz	O
can	O
be	O
supported	O
anywhere	O
within	O
the	O
band	O
,	O
channel	O
bandwidths	B-Algorithm
of	O
20MHz	O
are	O
limited	O
to	O
the	O
upper	O
and	O
lower	O
parts	O
of	O
the	O
band	O
and	O
may	O
not	O
be	O
employed	O
in	O
the	O
mid-portion	O
of	O
the	O
band	O
where	O
the	O
filters	O
overlap	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
notable	O
alternative	O
is	O
provided	O
by	O
Alcatel-Lucent	O
-	O
their	O
RRH2x40-07APT-4R	O
radio	O
unit	O
covers	O
the	O
entire	O
band	B-Protocol
28	I-Protocol
(	O
45MHz	O
)	O
within	O
a	O
single	O
radio	O
unit	O
thus	O
negating	O
the	O
need	O
of	O
sourcing	O
two	O
different	O
radio	O
unit	O
variants	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Frequency	O
arrangements	O
of	O
the	O
US	O
band	B-Algorithm
plan	I-Algorithm
and	O
the	O
APT	B-Protocol
band	I-Protocol
plan	I-Protocol
substantially	O
overlap	O
thus	O
making	O
them	O
largely	O
incompatible	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
3GPP	O
has	O
designated	O
five	O
operating	O
bands	O
for	O
the	O
US	O
band	B-Algorithm
plan	I-Algorithm
(	O
Bands	O
12	O
,	O
13	O
,	O
14	O
,	O
17	O
,	O
29	O
)	O
and	O
two	O
bands	O
for	O
the	O
APT	B-Protocol
band	I-Protocol
plan	I-Protocol
(	O
Band	B-Protocol
28	I-Protocol
for	O
FDD	O
version	O
and	O
Band	O
44	O
for	O
TDD	O
version	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
There	O
are	O
distinct	O
differences	O
among	O
the	O
operating	O
bands	O
such	O
as	O
different	O
channel	O
bandwidths	B-Algorithm
and	O
channel	O
locations	O
within	O
the	O
700MHz	O
band	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
More	O
specifically	O
,	O
duplex	O
spacing	O
and	O
guardband	O
peculiarities	O
of	O
the	O
APT	B-Protocol
band	I-Protocol
plan	I-Protocol
is	O
what	O
differentiates	O
it	O
most	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
US	O
band	B-Algorithm
plan	I-Algorithm
,	O
in	O
its	O
turn	O
,	O
is	O
characterized	O
by	O
a	O
number	O
of	O
inconsistencies	O
:	O
i	O
)	O
non-existence	O
of	O
in-band	O
interoperability	O
(	O
i.e.	O
</s>
<s>
Out	O
of	O
the	O
total	O
of	O
23x2	O
MHz	O
of	O
spectrum	B-Algorithm
owned	O
and	O
used	O
by	O
AT&T	O
and	O
Verizon	B-Application
,	O
3x2	O
MHz	O
cannot	O
be	O
used	O
due	O
to	O
limitations	O
by	O
LTE	O
technology	O
standards	O
-	O
only	O
blocks	O
of	O
5	O
,	O
10MHz	O
can	O
be	O
used	O
according	O
to	O
3GPP	O
industry	O
standards	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
European	O
countries	O
,	O
which	O
still	O
continue	O
have	O
a	O
high	O
occupancy	O
of	O
broadcasting	B-Operating_System
services	O
in	O
the	O
700MHz	O
band	O
that	O
have	O
been	O
granted	O
a	O
period	O
until	O
2015	O
to	O
convert	O
to	O
digital	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Japan	O
,	O
one	O
of	O
largest	O
and	O
most	O
advanced	O
Asian	O
markets	O
and	O
the	O
global	O
technology	O
leader	O
is	O
using	O
the	O
upper	O
duplexer	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
APT	B-Protocol
band	I-Protocol
plan	I-Protocol
and	O
thus	O
will	O
enjoy	O
being	O
the	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
ecosystem	O
of	O
the	O
APT	B-Protocol
band	I-Protocol
plan	I-Protocol
too	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
basically	O
means	O
that	O
the	O
terminals	O
designed	O
to	O
work	O
in	O
the	O
APT	B-Protocol
band	I-Protocol
plan	I-Protocol
will	O
perfectly	O
function	O
in	O
Europe	O
and	O
Japan	O
,	O
thus	O
adding	O
up	O
to	O
the	O
size	O
of	O
the	O
market	O
that	O
is	O
being	O
created	O
by	O
the	O
APT	B-Protocol
band	I-Protocol
plan	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
All	O
facts	O
mentioned	O
above	O
and	O
the	O
recent	O
announcements	O
from	O
various	O
governments	O
indicate	O
that	O
the	O
700MHz	O
band	O
in	O
the	O
FDD	O
mode	O
of	O
the	O
APT	B-Protocol
band	I-Protocol
plan	I-Protocol
is	O
becoming	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
most	O
harmonized	O
band	O
that	O
exists	O
in	O
the	O
world	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
country	O
was	O
the	O
first	O
large	O
market	O
in	O
Americas	O
to	O
adopt	O
the	O
APT	B-Protocol
band	I-Protocol
plan	I-Protocol
despite	O
historical	O
path	O
dependency	O
and	O
despite	O
having	O
a	O
3,000	O
km	O
border	O
with	O
the	O
USA	O
which	O
uses	O
a	O
different	O
segmentation	O
of	O
the	O
700MHz	O
band	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
That	O
also	O
proves	O
that	O
the	O
equipment	O
manufacturers	O
are	O
in	O
the	O
process	O
of	O
the	O
commercialization	O
of	O
UE	O
and	O
network	O
elements	O
driven	O
by	O
the	O
creation	O
of	O
significant	O
market	O
by	O
the	O
APT	B-Protocol
band	I-Protocol
plan	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
Latin	O
America	O
,	O
for	O
example	O
,	O
the	O
National	O
Spectrum	B-Algorithm
Agency	O
(	O
ANE	O
)	O
of	O
Colombia	O
has	O
announced	O
that	O
Huawei	O
,	O
ZTE	O
and	O
Ericsson	O
will	O
conduct	O
tests	O
in	O
the	O
band	O
under	O
the	O
standard	O
APT	O
pipeline	O
in	O
the	O
first	O
quarter	O
of	O
2013	O
,	O
using	O
equipment	O
developed	O
by	O
the	O
leading	O
manufacturers	O
with	O
the	O
goal	O
to	O
auction	O
off	O
the	O
spectrum	B-Algorithm
in	O
August	O
2013	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Due	O
to	O
economies	O
of	O
scale	O
that	O
are	O
being	O
created	O
by	O
the	O
APT	B-Protocol
band	I-Protocol
plan	I-Protocol
,	O
the	O
price	O
of	O
smart	O
devices	O
could	O
then	O
lower	O
down	O
significantly	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
Europe	O
,	O
allocation	B-Algorithm
of	O
the	O
700MHz	O
band	O
to	O
mobile	O
services	O
implies	O
challenges	O
,	O
acknowledged	O
by	O
the	O
ITU-R	O
in	O
its	O
decision	O
that	O
new	O
allocations	O
should	O
not	O
come	O
into	O
force	O
until	O
2015	O
due	O
to	O
many	O
countries	O
in	O
Europe	O
having	O
digital	B-Application
terrestrial	I-Application
television	I-Application
(	O
DTT	O
)	O
services	O
in	O
700MHz	O
band	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
That	O
decision	O
also	O
takes	O
into	O
account	O
the	O
need	O
for	O
European	O
countries	O
to	O
better	O
study	O
issues	O
regarding	O
the	O
channel	O
plan	O
and	O
to	O
carry	O
out	O
compatibility	O
studies	O
regarding	O
other	O
services	O
in	O
the	O
Region	O
and	O
on	O
other	O
topics	O
,	O
before	O
taking	O
final	O
position	O
on	O
the	O
best	O
suitable	O
allocation	B-Algorithm
and	O
associated	O
regulation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
once	O
these	O
issues	O
are	O
resolved	O
,	O
the	O
APT	B-Protocol
band	I-Protocol
plan	I-Protocol
will	O
become	O
compatible	O
with	O
the	O
usage	O
of	O
the	O
700MHz	O
band	O
in	O
Europe	O
,	O
whereas	O
the	O
US	O
band	B-Algorithm
plan	I-Algorithm
will	O
not	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Generally	O
speaking	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
very	O
important	O
that	O
the	O
spectrum	B-Algorithm
is	O
used	O
in	O
the	O
same	O
way	O
across	O
as	O
many	O
markets	O
as	O
possible	O
to	O
create	O
economies	O
of	O
scale	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
example	O
,	O
by	O
2020	O
,	O
the	O
allocation	B-Algorithm
of	O
700MHz	O
band	O
in	O
Asia	O
to	O
mobile	O
could	O
generate	O
a	O
GDP	O
increase	O
of	O
more	O
than	O
US$1	O
trillion	O
(	O
NPV	O
of	O
$960	O
billion	O
)	O
and	O
tax	O
revenue	O
growth	O
of	O
US$215	O
billion	O
,	O
along	O
with	O
the	O
creation	O
of	O
an	O
additional	O
1.4	O
million	O
new	O
businesses	O
(	O
including	O
new	O
departments	O
or	O
business	O
units	O
within	O
existing	O
firms	O
)	O
and	O
2.7	O
million	O
new	O
jobs	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Comparing	O
allocation	B-Algorithm
to	O
mobile	O
services	O
and	O
broadcasting	B-Operating_System
services	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
another	O
possible	O
option	O
of	O
utilization	O
of	O
the	O
700MHz	O
band	O
,	O
the	O
first	O
option	O
would	O
lead	O
to	O
significant	O
incremental	O
economic	O
benefits	O
over	O
the	O
broadcasting	B-Operating_System
services	O
–	O
in	O
particular	O
,	O
an	O
extra	O
US$959	O
billion	O
in	O
GDP	O
,	O
by	O
2020	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
additional	O
tax	O
revenues	O
of	O
US$171	O
billion	O
,	O
1.4	O
million	O
more	O
business	O
activities	O
,	O
and	O
2.6	O
million	O
additional	O
jobs	O
,	O
according	O
to	O
the	O
study	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Speaking	O
about	O
the	O
ecosystem	O
availability	O
timeframes	O
,	O
many	O
stakeholders	O
expect	O
the	O
APT	B-Protocol
band	I-Protocol
plan	I-Protocol
ecosystem	O
to	O
develop	O
rapidly	O
as	O
countries	O
identify	O
and	O
auction	O
spectrum	B-Algorithm
with	O
this	O
frequency	O
arrangement	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Although	O
there	O
exists	O
a	O
rather	O
small	O
spectral	O
overlap	O
that	O
theoretically	O
provides	O
some	O
opportunities	O
for	O
manufacturing	O
equipment	O
that	O
would	O
be	O
operable	O
across	O
both	O
plans	O
,	O
there	O
are	O
important	O
technical	O
considerations	O
that	O
are	O
certain	O
to	O
constrain	O
practical	O
radio-frequency	O
(	O
RF	O
)	O
designs	O
to	O
separate	O
markets	O
for	O
two	O
band	B-Algorithm
plans	I-Algorithm
of	O
the	O
700MHz	O
band	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
With	O
the	O
ongoing	O
adoption	O
of	O
the	O
LTE	O
technology	O
,	O
future	O
numerous	O
deployments	O
in	O
the	O
700MHz	O
band	O
and	O
the	O
advancements	O
in	O
the	O
microelectronics	O
,	O
the	O
user	O
devices	O
of	O
the	O
future	O
might	O
support	O
multiple	O
LTE	O
bands	O
and	O
potentially	O
could	O
even	O
include	O
RF	O
designs	O
(	O
antennas	O
,	O
band	O
chips	O
,	O
duplexers	O
,	O
filters	O
,	O
oscillators	B-Algorithm
and	O
other	O
circuitry	O
)	O
supporting	O
both	O
the	O
US	O
band	B-Algorithm
plan	I-Algorithm
and	O
the	O
APT	B-Protocol
band	I-Protocol
plan	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
at	O
least	O
in	O
the	O
short	O
-	O
and	O
medium-term	O
,	O
there	O
will	O
be	O
separate	O
markets	O
for	O
UE	O
in	O
these	O
two	O
existing	O
band	B-Algorithm
plan	I-Algorithm
configurations	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
is	O
it	O
forecasted	O
as	O
of	O
today	O
,	O
the	O
US	O
band	B-Algorithm
plan	I-Algorithm
will	O
solely	O
be	O
used	O
in	O
the	O
US	O
,	O
Canada	O
,	O
Nicaragua	O
and	O
a	O
handful	O
of	O
Caribbean	O
islands	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
the	O
recent	O
developments	O
around	O
the	O
propagation	O
of	O
the	O
APT	B-Protocol
band	I-Protocol
plan	I-Protocol
across	O
Asia-Pacific	O
region	O
,	O
Latin	O
America	O
,	O
and	O
thanks	O
to	O
the	O
compatibility	O
of	O
the	O
European	O
frequency	O
arrangements	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
the	O
situation	O
in	O
Africa	O
and	O
Middle	O
East	O
,	O
project	O
confidence	O
that	O
a	O
far	O
bigger	O
market	O
is	O
being	O
created	O
worldwide	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Summed	O
up	O
,	O
the	O
prospective	O
overall	O
market	O
for	O
the	O
APT	B-Protocol
band	I-Protocol
plan	I-Protocol
translates	O
to	O
a	O
figure	O
of	O
at	O
the	O
very	O
least	O
3	O
billion	O
people	O
across	O
the	O
globe	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
With	O
ongoing	O
studies	O
of	O
the	O
digital	B-Architecture
dividend	I-Architecture
in	O
the	O
world	O
,	O
that	O
number	O
is	O
might	O
increase	O
and	O
include	O
nearly	O
all	O
the	O
rest	O
of	O
the	O
world	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
First	O
and	O
foremost	O
,	O
vast	O
number	O
of	O
Asian-Pacific	O
countries	O
have	O
already	O
adopted	O
the	O
APT	B-Protocol
band	I-Protocol
plan	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
the	O
Middle	O
East	O
and	O
Africa	O
region	O
,	O
Egypt	O
,	O
Kenya	O
,	O
Nigeria	O
,	O
South	O
Africa	O
and	O
United	O
Arab	O
Emirates	O
are	O
likely	O
to	O
follow	O
Europe	O
in	O
using	O
partially	O
the	O
frequency	O
arrangement	O
of	O
the	O
APT	B-Protocol
band	I-Protocol
plan	I-Protocol
which	O
makes	O
them	O
fall	O
into	O
the	O
same	O
category	O
of	O
ecosystems	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
These	O
countries	O
alone	O
represent	O
a	O
market	O
equal	O
to	O
the	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
US	O
band	B-Algorithm
plan	I-Algorithm
–	O
around	O
330	O
million	O
people	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
Latin	O
America	O
,	O
Argentina	O
,	O
Brazil	O
,	O
Chile	O
,	O
Colombia	O
,	O
Ecuador	O
,	O
Mexico	O
,	O
Costa-Rica	O
,	O
Panama	O
,	O
Peru	O
,	O
Venezuela	O
have	O
all	O
officially	O
adopted	O
the	O
APT	B-Protocol
band	I-Protocol
plan	I-Protocol
while	O
in	O
the	O
Caribbean	O
,	O
Trinidad	O
and	O
Tobago	O
is	O
the	O
only	O
country	O
to	O
have	O
officially	O
adopted	O
the	O
APT	B-Protocol
band	I-Protocol
plan	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
FDD	O
mode	O
of	O
the	O
APT	B-Protocol
band	I-Protocol
plan	I-Protocol
has	O
been	O
standardized	O
by	O
the	O
3GPP	O
as	O
the	O
Band	B-Protocol
28	I-Protocol
(	O
FDD	O
703-748	O
/	O
758	O
-	O
803MHz	O
)	O
and	O
the	O
TDD	O
mode	O
-	O
as	O
the	O
Band	O
44	O
(	O
TDD	O
703	O
–	O
803MHz	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
3GPP	O
members	O
who	O
supported	O
and	O
contributed	O
to	O
this	O
work	O
include	O
:	O
Alcatel-Lucent	O
,	O
CATT	O
,	O
China	O
Mobile	O
,	O
Ericsson	O
,	O
ETRI	O
,	O
HiSilicon	O
,	O
Huawei	O
,	O
KDDI	O
,	O
KT	O
Corporation	O
,	O
LG	O
Electronics	O
Inc.	O
,	O
LG-Ericsson	O
Co	O
.	O
Ltd.	O
,	O
Motorola	O
Mobility	O
,	O
NII	O
Holdings	O
,	O
Nokia	O
,	O
Nokia	O
Siemens	O
Networks	O
,	O
NTT	O
DOCOMO	O
,	O
Qualcomm	O
Inc.	O
,	O
Samsung	B-Application
,	O
ST-Ericsson	O
,	O
Telefónica	O
S.A.	O
,	O
Vodafone	O
,	O
ZTE	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
segmentation	O
scheme	O
called	O
"	O
A5	O
"	O
for	O
the	O
band	O
698-806MHz	O
,	O
corresponding	O
to	O
the	O
FDD	O
mode	O
of	O
the	O
APT	B-Protocol
band	I-Protocol
plan	I-Protocol
,	O
is	O
defined	O
by	O
the	O
Recommendation	O
of	O
ITU-R	O
M.1036-4	O
(	O
3/2012	O
)	O
"	O
Frequency	O
Arrangements	O
for	O
Implementation	O
of	O
the	O
terrestrial	O
component	O
of	O
International	O
Mobile	O
Telecommunications	O
(	O
IMT	O
)	O
in	O
the	O
bands	O
Identifies	O
for	O
IMT	O
in	O
the	O
Radio	O
Regulations	O
(	O
RR	O
)	O
"	O
(	O
ITU-R	O
M.1036	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
TDD	O
version	O
of	O
the	O
APT	B-Protocol
band	I-Protocol
plan	I-Protocol
is	O
standardized	O
as	O
the	O
“	O
A6	O
”	O
segmentation	O
scheme	O
in	O
accordance	O
with	O
the	O
same	O
Recommendation	O
of	O
ITU-R	O
M.1036-4	O
(	O
3/2012	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
most	O
favoured	O
,	O
popular	O
mobile	O
broadband	O
technology	O
internationally	O
for	O
the	O
digital	O
spectrum	B-Algorithm
appears	O
to	O
be	O
the	O
FDD-LTE	O
technology	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Duplexer	O
technology	O
affects	O
choice	O
of	O
duplex	O
separation	O
and	O
centre	O
band	O
gap	O
which	O
have	O
been	O
designed	O
for	O
the	O
APT	B-Protocol
band	I-Protocol
plan	I-Protocol
with	O
these	O
considerations	O
in	O
mind	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Because	O
a	O
power	O
amplifier	O
out	O
of	O
band	O
response	O
is	O
related	O
to	O
the	O
bandwidth	B-Algorithm
,	O
the	O
duplex	O
separation	O
requirement	O
is	O
also	O
dependent	O
on	O
the	O
carrier	O
bandwidth	B-Algorithm
in	O
order	O
to	O
protect	O
the	O
receiver	O
from	O
self-interference	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
duplex	O
spacing	O
of	O
30MHz	O
is	O
sufficient	O
to	O
support	O
carrier	O
bandwidths	B-Algorithm
of	O
up	O
to	O
10MHz	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
maximum	O
bandwidth	B-Algorithm
of	O
an	O
RF	O
filter	O
or	O
duplexer	O
for	O
a	O
terminal	O
at	O
this	O
frequency	O
range	O
is	O
today	O
around	O
30-35MHz	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Any	O
arrangement	O
that	O
efficiently	O
uses	O
the	O
108MHz	O
bandwidth	B-Algorithm
in	O
the	O
frequency	O
range	O
698-806MHz	O
must	O
thus	O
have	O
more	O
than	O
one	O
duplexer	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
With	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
a	O
dual	O
duplexer	O
arrangement	O
the	O
individual	O
duplex	O
spacing	O
will	O
be	O
increased	O
,	O
providing	O
at	O
the	O
same	O
time	O
more	O
usable	O
spectrum	B-Algorithm
for	O
FDD	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
With	O
current	O
technology	O
it	O
would	O
not	O
be	O
possible	O
to	O
implement	O
a	O
passband	B-Algorithm
of	O
50MHz	O
with	O
a	O
single	O
duplex	O
solution	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
dual	O
duplexer	O
arrangement	O
may	O
lead	O
to	O
a	O
2x50	O
MHz	O
FDD	O
band	B-Algorithm
plan	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
notable	O
alternative	O
is	O
provided	O
by	O
Alcatel-Lucent	O
-	O
their	O
RRH2x40-07APT-4R	O
radio	O
unit	O
covers	O
the	O
entire	O
band	B-Protocol
28	I-Protocol
(	O
45MHz	O
)	O
within	O
a	O
single	O
radio	O
unit	O
thus	O
negating	O
the	O
need	O
of	O
sourcing	O
two	O
different	O
radio	O
unit	O
variants	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Radio	O
waves	O
,	O
due	O
to	O
its	O
nature	O
and	O
physics	O
,	O
can	O
cause	O
harmful	O
interference	O
to	O
networks	O
and	O
equipment	O
operating	O
in	O
a	O
different	O
band	B-Algorithm
plan	I-Algorithm
,	O
(	O
i.e.	O
</s>
<s>
Both	O
countries	O
implement	O
the	O
same	O
band	B-Algorithm
plan	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
Adoption	O
of	O
similar	O
band	B-Algorithm
plans	I-Algorithm
by	O
neighboring	O
countries	O
will	O
ensure	O
alignment	O
of	O
uplink	O
and	O
downlink	O
spectrum	B-Algorithm
blocks	O
and	O
co	O
channel	O
or	O
adjacent	O
channel	O
interference	O
scenarios	O
can	O
be	O
managed	O
by	O
existing	O
3GPP	O
specifications	O
and	O
existing	O
bilateral	O
treaties	O
between	O
the	O
countries	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Both	O
countries	O
implement	O
different	O
band	B-Algorithm
plans	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
US	O
and	O
APT	O
FDD	O
band	B-Algorithm
plans	I-Algorithm
are	O
incompatible	O
in	O
terms	O
of	O
the	O
uplink	O
and	O
downlink	O
patterns	O
so	O
there	O
exists	O
a	O
need	O
for	O
coordination	O
of	O
spectrum	B-Algorithm
along	O
border	O
areas	O
.	O
</s>
