<s>
Artificial	B-Application
Intelligence	I-Application
Markup	I-Application
Language	I-Application
(	O
AIML	O
)	O
is	O
an	O
XML	B-Protocol
dialect	O
for	O
creating	O
natural	O
language	O
software	O
agents	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
XML	B-Protocol
dialect	O
called	O
AIML	O
was	O
developed	O
by	O
Richard	O
Wallace	O
and	O
a	O
worldwide	O
free	B-Application
software	I-Application
community	O
between	O
1995	O
and	O
2002	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
AIML	O
formed	O
the	O
basis	O
for	O
what	O
was	O
initially	O
a	O
highly	O
extended	O
Eliza	B-Application
called	O
"	O
A.L.I.C.E.	B-Protocol
"	O
</s>
<s>
(	O
"	O
Artificial	B-Protocol
Linguistic	I-Protocol
Internet	I-Protocol
Computer	I-Protocol
Entity	I-Protocol
"	O
)	O
,	O
which	O
won	O
the	O
annual	O
Loebner	O
Prize	O
Competition	O
in	O
Artificial	B-Application
Intelligence	I-Application
three	O
times	O
,	O
and	O
was	O
also	O
the	O
Chatterbox	O
Challenge	O
Champion	O
in	O
2004	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Because	O
the	O
A.L.I.C.E.	B-Protocol
</s>
<s>
AIML	O
set	O
was	O
released	O
under	O
the	O
GNU	B-License
GPL	I-License
,	O
and	O
because	O
most	O
AIML	O
interpreters	O
are	O
offered	O
under	O
a	O
free	B-Application
or	O
open	O
source	O
license	O
,	O
many	O
"	O
Alicebot	B-Protocol
clones	O
"	O
have	O
been	O
created	O
based	O
upon	O
the	O
original	O
implementation	O
of	O
the	O
program	O
and	O
its	O
AIML	O
knowledge	O
base	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Free	B-Application
AIML	O
sets	O
in	O
several	O
languages	O
have	O
been	O
developed	O
and	O
made	O
available	O
by	O
the	O
user	O
community	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
There	O
are	O
AIML	O
interpreters	O
available	O
in	O
Java	B-Language
,	O
Ruby	B-Language
,	O
Python	B-Language
,	O
C++	B-Language
,	O
C#	B-Application
,	O
Pascal	B-Application
,	O
and	O
other	O
languages	O
(	O
see	O
below	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
semi-formal	O
specification	O
and	O
a	O
W3C	O
XML	B-Protocol
Schema	O
for	O
AIML	O
are	O
available	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
AIML	O
pattern	O
syntax	O
is	O
a	O
very	O
simple	O
pattern	O
language	O
,	O
substantially	O
less	O
complex	O
than	O
regular	B-Language
expressions	I-Language
and	O
as	O
such	O
less	O
than	O
level	O
3	O
in	O
the	O
Chomsky	O
hierarchy	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
To	O
compensate	O
for	O
the	O
simple	O
pattern	B-Language
matching	I-Language
capabilities	O
,	O
AIML	O
interpreters	O
can	O
provide	O
preprocessing	O
functions	O
to	O
expand	O
abbreviations	O
,	O
remove	O
misspellings	O
,	O
etc	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
AIML	O
syntax	O
itself	O
is	O
at	O
least	O
as	O
complex	O
as	O
finite	B-Architecture
state	I-Architecture
machines	I-Architecture
and	O
as	O
such	O
at	O
least	O
of	O
level	O
3	O
in	O
the	O
Chomsky	O
hierarchy	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Templates	O
may	O
also	O
redirect	O
to	O
other	O
patterns	O
,	O
using	O
an	O
element	O
called	O
(	O
Symbolic	O
Reduction	O
in	O
Artificial	B-Application
Intelligence	I-Application
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
can	O
be	O
used	O
to	O
implement	O
synonymy	O
,	O
as	O
in	O
this	O
example	O
(	O
where	O
CDATA	B-Language
is	O
used	O
to	O
avoid	O
the	O
need	O
for	O
XML	B-Protocol
escaping	O
)	O
:	O
</s>
