<s>
Application	B-Application
service	I-Application
management	I-Application
(	O
ASM	O
)	O
is	O
an	O
emerging	O
discipline	O
within	O
systems	B-Application
management	I-Application
that	O
focuses	O
on	O
monitoring	O
and	O
managing	O
the	O
performance	O
and	O
quality	O
of	O
service	O
of	O
business	O
transactions	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
ASM	O
can	O
be	O
defined	O
as	O
a	O
well-defined	O
process	O
and	O
use	O
of	O
related	O
tools	O
to	O
detect	O
,	O
diagnose	O
,	O
remedy	O
,	O
and	O
report	O
the	O
service	O
quality	O
of	O
complex	O
business	O
transactions	O
to	O
ensure	O
that	O
they	O
meet	O
or	O
exceed	O
end-users	O
Performance	O
measurements	O
relate	O
to	O
how	O
fast	O
transactions	O
are	O
completed	O
or	O
information	O
is	O
delivered	O
to	O
the	O
end-user	O
by	O
the	O
aggregate	O
of	O
applications	O
,	O
operating	O
systems	O
,	O
hypervisors	B-Operating_System
(	O
if	O
applicable	O
)	O
,	O
hardware	O
platforms	O
,	O
and	O
network	O
interconnects	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
critical	O
components	O
of	O
ASM	O
include	O
application	O
discovery	O
&	O
mapping	O
,	O
application	O
"	O
health	O
"	O
measurement	O
&	O
management	O
,	O
transaction-level	O
visibility	O
,	O
and	O
incident-related	O
triage	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
ASM	O
is	O
related	O
to	O
application	B-Application
performance	I-Application
management	I-Application
(	O
APM	O
)	O
but	O
serves	O
as	O
a	O
more	O
pragmatic	O
,	O
"	O
top-down	O
"	O
approach	O
that	O
focuses	O
on	O
the	O
delivery	O
of	O
business	O
services	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Further	O
,	O
an	O
in-context	O
agent	O
can	O
also	O
infer	O
network	O
latencies	O
with	O
a	O
high	O
degree	O
of	O
accuracy	O
,	O
and	O
with	O
a	O
lesser	O
degree	O
of	O
accuracy	O
when	O
the	O
transaction	B-General_Concept
occurs	O
between	O
instrumented	O
and	O
non-instrumented	O
platforms	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Application	B-Application
service	I-Application
management	I-Application
extends	O
the	O
concepts	O
of	O
end-user	O
experience	O
management	O
and	O
real	O
user	O
monitoring	O
in	O
that	O
measuring	O
the	O
experience	O
of	O
real	O
users	O
is	O
a	O
critical	O
data	O
point	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
use	O
of	O
application	B-Application
service	I-Application
management	I-Application
is	O
common	O
for	O
complex	O
,	O
multi-tier	B-Operating_System
transactional	I-Operating_System
applications	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
Further	O
,	O
the	O
introduction	O
of	O
service-oriented	O
architecture	O
and	O
microservices	O
approaches	O
together	O
with	O
hypervisor-based	O
virtualization	B-General_Concept
technologies	I-General_Concept
have	O
proven	O
a	O
catalyst	O
for	O
the	O
adoption	O
of	O
ASM	O
technologies	O
,	O
as	O
complex	O
applications	O
are	O
disproportionately	O
impacted	O
by	O
the	O
introduction	O
of	O
hypervisors	B-Operating_System
into	O
an	O
existing	O
environment	O
A	O
study	O
by	O
the	O
Aberdeen	O
Group	O
indicates	O
that	O
most	O
deployments	O
of	O
virtualization	B-General_Concept
technologies	I-General_Concept
are	O
hampered	O
by	O
their	O
impact	O
on	O
complex	O
transactional	O
applications	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
More	O
and	O
more	O
often	O
ASM	O
approaches	O
are	O
equipped	O
in	O
automated	O
adaptive	O
controllers	O
that	O
consider	O
service-level	O
agreement	O
,	O
cloud	B-Architecture
computing	I-Architecture
,	O
real-time	O
and	O
energy-aware	O
application	O
controller	O
targets	O
.	O
</s>
