<s>
An	O
application	B-Application
server	I-Application
is	O
a	O
server	B-Application
that	O
hosts	O
applications	O
or	O
software	O
that	O
delivers	O
a	O
business	O
application	O
through	O
a	O
communication	O
protocol	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
An	O
application	B-Application
server	I-Application
framework	O
is	O
a	O
service	O
layer	O
model	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
includes	O
software	O
components	O
available	O
to	O
a	O
software	B-Application
developer	I-Application
through	O
an	O
application	O
programming	O
interface	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
An	O
application	B-Application
server	I-Application
may	O
have	O
features	O
such	O
as	O
clustering	O
,	O
fail-over	B-General_Concept
,	O
and	O
load-balancing	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
goal	O
is	O
for	O
developers	B-Application
to	O
focus	O
on	O
the	O
business	B-Architecture
logic	I-Architecture
.	O
</s>
<s>
Jakarta	B-Language
EE	I-Language
(	O
formerly	O
Java	B-Language
EE	I-Language
or	O
J2EE	B-Language
)	O
defines	O
the	O
core	O
set	O
of	O
API	O
and	O
features	O
of	O
Java	O
application	B-Application
servers	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Jakarta	B-Language
EE	I-Language
infrastructure	B-Application
is	O
partitioned	O
into	O
logical	O
containers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
EJB	B-Language
container	I-Language
:	O
Enterprise	B-Language
Beans	I-Language
are	O
used	O
to	O
manage	O
transactions	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
According	O
to	O
the	O
Java	B-Language
BluePrints	I-Language
,	O
the	O
business	B-Architecture
logic	I-Architecture
of	O
an	O
application	O
resides	O
in	O
Enterprise	B-Language
Beans	I-Language
—	O
a	O
modular	O
server	B-Application
component	O
providing	O
many	O
features	O
,	O
including	O
declarative	O
transaction	O
management	O
,	O
and	O
improving	O
application	O
scalability	B-Architecture
.	O
</s>
<s>
Web	B-Language
container	I-Language
:	O
the	O
web	O
modules	O
include	O
Jakarta	B-Application
Servlets	I-Application
and	O
Jakarta	B-Language
Server	I-Language
Pages	I-Language
(	O
JSP	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Commercial	O
Java	O
application	B-Application
servers	I-Application
have	O
been	O
dominated	O
by	O
WebLogic	B-Language
Application	I-Language
Server	I-Language
by	O
Oracle	B-Application
,	O
WebSphere	B-Language
Application	I-Language
Server	I-Language
from	O
IBM	O
and	O
the	O
open	O
source	O
JBoss	B-Language
Enterprise	I-Language
Application	I-Language
Platform	I-Language
(	O
JBoss	B-Language
EAP	I-Language
)	O
by	O
Red	O
Hat	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Microsoft	O
's	O
.NET	B-Application
positions	O
their	O
middle-tier	O
applications	O
and	O
services	O
infrastructure	B-Application
in	O
the	O
Windows	B-Device
Server	I-Device
operating	O
system	O
and	O
the	O
.NET	B-Application
Framework	I-Application
technologies	O
in	O
the	O
role	O
of	O
an	O
application	B-Application
server	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Windows	O
Application	B-Application
Server	I-Application
role	O
includes	O
Internet	O
Information	O
Services	O
(	O
IIS	O
)	O
to	O
provide	O
web	O
server	B-Application
support	O
,	O
the	O
.NET	B-Application
Framework	I-Application
to	O
provide	O
application	O
support	O
,	O
ASP.NET	O
to	O
provide	O
server	B-Application
side	O
scripting	O
,	O
COM+	O
for	O
application	O
component	O
communication	O
,	O
Message	O
Queuing	O
for	O
multithreaded	O
processing	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
Windows	O
Communication	O
Foundation	O
(	O
WCF	O
)	O
for	O
application	O
communication	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
PHP	B-Application
application	B-Application
servers	I-Application
run	O
and	O
manage	O
PHP	B-Application
applications	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Zend	B-Protocol
Server	I-Protocol
,	O
built	O
by	O
Zend	O
,	O
provides	O
application	B-Application
server	I-Application
functionality	O
for	O
the	O
PHP-based	O
applications	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
appserver.io,	O
built	O
by	O
TechDivision	O
GmbH	O
is	O
a	O
multithreaded	O
application	B-Application
server	I-Application
for	O
PHP	B-Application
written	O
in	O
PHP	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
RoadRunner	B-Language
,	O
built	O
by	O
Spiral	O
Scout	O
is	O
a	O
high-performance	O
PHP	B-Application
application	B-Application
server	I-Application
,	O
load-balancer	O
,	O
and	O
process	O
manager	O
written	O
in	O
Go	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Mobile	O
application	B-Application
servers	I-Application
provide	O
data	O
delivery	O
to	O
mobile	O
devices	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Although	O
most	O
standards-based	O
infrastructure	B-Application
(	O
including	O
SOAs	O
)	O
are	O
designed	O
to	O
connect	O
to	O
any	O
independent	O
of	O
any	O
vendor	O
,	O
product	O
or	O
technology	O
,	O
most	O
enterprises	O
have	O
trouble	O
connecting	O
back-end	O
systems	O
to	O
mobile	O
applications	O
,	O
because	O
mobile	O
devices	O
add	O
the	O
following	O
technological	O
challenges	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
An	O
application	B-Application
server	I-Application
can	O
be	O
deployed	O
:	O
</s>
