<s>
Application-oriented	B-Device
networking	I-Device
(	O
AON	B-Device
)	O
involves	O
network	O
devices	O
designed	O
to	O
aid	O
in	O
computer-to-computer	O
application	O
integration	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Application-oriented	B-Device
networks	I-Device
are	O
sometimes	O
called	O
"	O
intelligent	O
networks	O
"	O
or	O
"	O
content-based	B-Device
routing	I-Device
networks	O
"	O
and	O
they	O
are	O
generally	O
network	O
technology	O
that	O
can	O
use	O
the	O
content	O
of	O
a	O
network	B-Protocol
packet	I-Protocol
or	O
message	O
to	O
take	O
some	O
sort	O
of	O
action	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Application-oriented	B-Device
networking	I-Device
was	O
popularized	O
by	O
Cisco	O
Systems	O
in	O
response	O
to	O
increasing	O
use	O
of	O
XML	B-Protocol
messaging	O
(	O
combined	O
with	O
related	O
standards	O
such	O
as	O
XSLT	B-Application
,	O
XPath	B-Language
and	O
XQuery	B-Language
)	O
to	O
link	O
miscellaneous	O
applications	O
,	O
data	O
sources	O
and	O
other	O
computing	O
assets	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Most	O
Application-Orientated	O
Networks	O
manipulate	O
structured	O
data	O
based	O
in	O
a	O
human-readable	B-General_Concept
format	I-General_Concept
like	O
XML	B-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
rules	O
and	O
policies	O
for	O
performing	O
these	O
operations	O
,	O
also	O
expressed	O
in	O
XML	B-Protocol
,	O
are	O
specified	O
separately	O
and	O
downloaded	O
as	O
required	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Cisco	O
has	O
adopted	O
the	O
AON	B-Device
acronym	O
as	O
the	O
name	O
of	O
a	O
family	O
of	O
products	O
that	O
function	O
in	O
this	O
way	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
During	O
the	O
rise	O
of	O
the	O
internet	O
many	O
routing	O
decisions	O
were	O
made	O
at	O
layer	B-Architecture
4	I-Architecture
i.e.	O
</s>
<s>
based	O
on	O
the	O
TCP/IP	B-Protocol
address	O
and/or	O
the	O
port	O
number	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Application-oriented	B-Device
networks	I-Device
work	O
at	O
layer	O
7	O
of	O
the	O
OSI	O
stack	O
and	O
because	O
they	O
can	O
examine	O
the	O
content	O
of	O
the	O
message	O
they	O
can	O
make	O
routing	O
decisions	O
based	O
on	O
many	O
different	O
criteria	O
including	O
such	O
things	O
as	O
the	O
value	O
of	O
the	O
purchase	O
order	O
or	O
the	O
ship	O
date	O
.	O
</s>
