<s>
Apple	B-Operating_System
Remote	I-Operating_System
Desktop	I-Operating_System
(	O
ARD	O
)	O
is	O
a	O
Macintosh	B-Device
application	O
produced	O
by	O
Apple	O
Inc.	O
,	O
first	O
released	O
on	O
March	O
14	O
,	O
2002	O
,	O
that	O
replaced	O
a	O
similar	O
product	O
called	O
Apple	O
Network	O
Assistant	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Aimed	O
at	O
computer	O
administrators	O
responsible	O
for	O
large	O
numbers	O
of	O
computers	O
and	O
teachers	O
who	O
need	O
to	O
assist	O
individuals	O
or	O
perform	O
group	O
demonstrations	O
,	O
Apple	B-Operating_System
Remote	I-Operating_System
Desktop	I-Operating_System
allows	O
users	O
to	O
remotely	O
control	O
or	O
monitor	O
other	O
computers	O
over	O
a	O
network	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Mac	O
Pro	O
(	O
2019	O
)	O
,	O
Mac	O
mini	O
(	O
M1	O
,	O
2020	O
)	O
with	O
a	O
10Gb	O
Ethernet	O
card	O
,	O
and	O
Mac	O
Studio	O
(	O
2022	O
)	O
have	O
Lights	B-Application
Out	I-Application
Management	I-Application
function	O
and	O
are	O
able	O
to	O
power-on	O
by	O
Apple	B-Operating_System
Remote	I-Operating_System
Desktop	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
original	O
release	O
,	O
which	O
used	O
the	O
User	B-Protocol
Datagram	I-Protocol
Protocol	I-Protocol
(	O
UDP	O
)	O
on	O
port	B-Protocol
3283	I-Protocol
,	O
allowed	O
remote	O
computers	O
(	O
running	O
Mac	B-Operating_System
OS	I-Operating_System
8.1	I-Operating_System
or	O
later	O
)	O
to	O
be	O
observed	O
or	O
controlled	O
from	O
a	O
computer	O
running	O
Mac	B-Operating_System
OS	I-Operating_System
X	I-Operating_System
10.1	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
June	O
21	O
,	O
2004	O
,	O
Apple	O
announced	O
Apple	B-Operating_System
Remote	I-Operating_System
Desktop	I-Operating_System
2	O
(	O
released	O
in	O
July	O
)	O
,	O
which	O
was	O
designed	O
to	O
use	O
the	O
VNC	B-Protocol
protocol	O
instead	O
of	O
Apple	O
's	O
original	O
ARD	O
protocol	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
allows	O
the	O
ARD	O
administration	O
software	O
to	O
observe	O
and	O
control	O
any	O
computer	O
running	O
VNC-compatible	O
server	O
software	O
(	O
such	O
as	O
Windows	B-Application
and	O
Unix	B-Application
systems	I-Application
)	O
not	O
just	O
Macs	O
and	O
conversely	O
allowing	O
standard	O
VNC	B-Protocol
viewing	O
software	O
to	O
connect	O
to	O
any	O
Mac	O
with	O
the	O
ARD	O
2	O
software	O
installed	O
and	O
VNC	B-Protocol
access	O
enabled	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
version	O
also	O
uses	O
the	O
Transmission	B-Protocol
Control	I-Protocol
Protocol	I-Protocol
(	O
TCP	O
)	O
for	O
most	O
functions	O
(	O
on	O
ports	O
5900	O
and	O
5988	O
)	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
designed	O
to	O
be	O
more	O
reliable	O
than	O
the	O
UDP	O
used	O
in	O
ARD	O
1	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
release	O
also	O
dropped	O
support	O
for	O
older	O
versions	O
of	O
the	O
Mac	B-Application
OS	I-Application
,	O
requiring	O
10.2.8	B-Operating_System
or	O
higher	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
April	O
29	O
,	O
2005	O
,	O
Apple	O
released	O
version	O
2.2	O
which	O
added	O
support	O
for	O
Mac	B-Application
OS	I-Application
X	I-Application
10.4	I-Application
along	O
with	O
several	O
other	O
bug-fixes	O
and	O
improvements	O
to	O
reliability	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
April	O
11	O
,	O
2006	O
,	O
Apple	O
released	O
version	O
3.0	O
which	O
is	O
now	O
a	O
Universal	B-Operating_System
Binary	I-Operating_System
and	O
features	O
improved	O
software	O
upgrade	O
functionality	O
,	O
Spotlight	B-Application
searching	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
increased	O
throughput	O
and	O
encryption	O
for	O
file	O
transfers	O
,	O
and	O
Automator	O
support	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
November	O
16	O
,	O
2006	O
,	O
Apple	O
released	O
version	O
3.1	O
which	O
provides	O
support	O
for	O
the	O
new	O
Intel-based	O
Xserve	B-Device
Lights	B-Application
Out	I-Application
Management	I-Application
feature	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
October	O
18	O
,	O
2007	O
,	O
Apple	O
released	O
version	O
3.2	O
which	O
introduced	O
Mac	B-Application
OS	I-Application
X	I-Application
10.5	I-Application
support	O
and	O
compatibility	O
for	O
third	O
party	O
VNC	B-Protocol
viewers	O
and	O
servers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
July	O
20	O
,	O
2011	O
,	O
Apple	O
released	O
version	O
3.5	O
which	O
provides	O
compatibility	O
with	O
Mac	B-Application
OS	I-Application
X	I-Application
10.7	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
October	O
22	O
,	O
2013	O
,	O
Apple	O
released	O
version	O
3.7	O
which	O
provides	O
compatibility	O
with	O
OS	B-Operating_System
X	I-Operating_System
10.9	I-Operating_System
,	O
multiple	O
monitors	O
,	O
and	O
enhancements	O
to	O
remote	O
copy/paste	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
January	O
27	O
,	O
2015	O
,	O
Apple	O
released	O
version	O
3.8	O
,	O
which	O
primarily	O
added	O
support	O
for	O
OS	B-Device
X	I-Device
10.10	I-Device
,	O
while	O
also	O
including	O
various	O
user	O
interface	O
improvements	O
,	O
a	O
new	O
icon	O
,	O
stability	O
improvements	O
and	O
the	O
ability	O
to	O
update	O
the	O
application	O
using	O
the	O
Mac	O
App	O
Store	O
,	O
even	O
if	O
the	O
application	O
was	O
not	O
originally	O
installed	O
from	O
that	O
source	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
version	O
now	O
requires	O
OS	B-Operating_System
X	I-Operating_System
10.9	I-Operating_System
or	O
later	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Apple	O
therefore	O
recommended	O
that	O
ARD	O
traffic	O
crossing	O
a	O
public	O
network	O
should	O
be	O
tunneled	O
through	O
a	O
VPN	B-Application
,	O
to	O
avoid	O
the	O
possibility	O
of	O
someone	O
eavesdropping	O
on	O
ARD	O
sessions	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
Preferences	O
checkbox	O
was	O
provided	O
in	O
the	O
Apple	B-Operating_System
Remote	I-Operating_System
Desktop	I-Operating_System
app	O
to	O
explicitly	O
allow	O
communications	O
with	O
older	O
clients	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
ARD	O
does	O
not	O
support	O
reverse	O
connections	O
to	O
listening	O
VNC	B-Protocol
viewers	O
.	O
</s>
