<s>
The	O
Newton	B-Device
is	O
a	O
series	O
of	O
personal	B-Application
digital	I-Application
assistants	I-Application
(	O
PDAs	B-Application
)	O
developed	O
and	O
marketed	O
by	O
Apple	O
Computer	O
,	O
Inc	O
.	O
An	O
early	O
device	O
in	O
the	O
PDA	B-Application
category	O
(	O
the	O
Newton	B-Device
originated	O
the	O
term	O
)	O
,	O
it	O
was	O
the	O
first	O
to	O
feature	O
handwriting	B-Application
recognition	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Newton	B-Device
devices	O
ran	O
on	O
a	O
proprietary	O
operating	B-General_Concept
system	I-General_Concept
,	O
Newton	B-Device
OS	I-Device
;	O
examples	O
include	O
Apple	O
's	O
MessagePad	B-Device
series	O
and	O
the	O
eMate	B-Device
300	I-Device
,	O
and	O
other	O
companies	O
also	O
released	O
devices	O
running	O
on	O
Newton	B-Device
OS	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Most	O
Newton	B-Device
devices	O
were	O
based	O
on	O
the	O
ARM	B-Architecture
610	O
RISC	B-Architecture
processor	I-Architecture
and	O
all	O
featured	O
handwriting-based	O
input	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Newton	B-Device
was	O
considered	O
technologically	O
innovative	O
at	O
its	O
debut	O
,	O
but	O
a	O
combination	O
of	O
factors	O
,	O
including	O
its	O
high	O
price	O
and	O
early	O
problems	O
with	O
its	O
handwriting	B-Application
recognition	I-Application
feature	O
,	O
limited	O
its	O
sales	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Newton	B-Device
project	O
was	O
a	O
personal	B-Application
digital	I-Application
assistant	I-Application
platform	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
PDA	B-Application
category	O
did	O
not	O
exist	O
for	O
most	O
of	O
Newton	B-Device
's	O
genesis	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
phrase	O
"	O
personal	B-Application
digital	I-Application
assistant	I-Application
"	O
was	O
coined	O
relatively	O
late	O
in	O
the	O
development	O
cycle	O
by	O
Apple	O
's	O
CEO	O
John	O
Sculley	O
,	O
the	O
driving	O
force	O
behind	O
the	O
project	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
He	O
found	O
Hermann	O
Hauser	O
,	O
co-founder	O
of	O
Acorn	O
Computers	O
which	O
had	O
developed	O
the	O
Acorn	B-Architecture
RISC	I-Architecture
Machine	I-Architecture
as	O
first	O
ARM	B-Architecture
architecture	I-Architecture
device	O
,	O
and	O
put	O
together	O
Advanced	B-Architecture
RISC	I-Architecture
Machines	I-Architecture
,	O
now	O
Arm	B-Architecture
Ltd	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Although	O
PDAs	B-Application
had	O
been	O
developing	O
since	O
the	O
original	O
Psion	B-Application
Organiser	I-Application
in	O
1984	O
,	O
the	O
Newton	B-Device
has	O
left	O
one	O
particular	O
lasting	O
impression	O
:	O
the	O
term	O
personal	B-Application
digital	I-Application
assistant	I-Application
was	O
first	O
coined	O
to	O
refer	O
to	O
the	O
Newton	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
According	O
to	O
former	O
Apple	O
CEO	O
John	O
Sculley	O
,	O
the	O
company	O
invested	O
approximately	O
$100	O
million	O
to	O
develop	O
Newton	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Newton	B-Device
was	O
considered	O
innovative	O
at	O
its	O
debut	O
,	O
but	O
it	O
suffered	O
from	O
its	O
high	O
price	O
and	O
problems	O
with	O
the	O
handwriting	B-Application
recognition	I-Application
element	O
,	O
its	O
most	O
anticipated	O
feature	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
was	O
parodied	O
in	O
The	B-Application
Simpsons	I-Application
episode	O
"	O
Lisa	O
on	O
Ice	O
"	O
,	O
where	O
a	O
scene	O
makes	O
fun	O
of	O
the	O
Newton	B-Device
's	O
handwriting	B-Application
recognition	I-Application
turning	O
"	O
Beat	O
up	O
Martin	O
"	O
into	O
"	O
Eat	O
up	O
Martha	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Garry	O
Trudeau	O
also	O
mocked	O
the	O
Newton	B-Device
in	O
a	O
weeklong	O
arc	O
of	O
his	O
comic	O
strip	O
Doonesbury	O
,	O
portraying	O
it	O
as	O
a	O
costly	O
toy	O
that	O
served	O
the	O
same	O
function	O
as	O
a	O
cheap	O
notepad	O
,	O
and	O
using	O
its	O
accuracy	O
problems	O
to	O
humorous	O
effect	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
one	O
panel	O
,	O
Michael	O
Doonesbury	O
's	O
Newton	B-Device
misreads	O
the	O
words	O
"	O
Catching	O
on	O
?	O
"	O
</s>
<s>
as	O
"	O
Egg	O
Freckles	O
"	O
,	O
a	O
phrase	O
that	O
became	O
widely	O
repeated	O
as	O
symbolic	O
of	O
the	O
Newton	B-Device
's	O
problems	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
phrase	O
was	O
subsequently	O
included	O
as	O
a	O
trigger	O
for	O
an	O
Easter	O
egg	O
in	O
later	O
editions	O
of	O
the	O
MessagePad	B-Device
,	O
producing	O
a	O
panel	O
from	O
the	O
strip	O
when	O
it	O
was	O
entered	O
on	O
the	O
device	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
acknowledgement	O
of	O
the	O
strip	O
,	O
Apple	O
subsequently	O
gifted	O
a	O
MessagePad	B-Device
to	O
Trudeau	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Although	O
the	O
software	O
improved	O
substantially	O
in	O
Newton	B-Device
OS	I-Device
2.0	O
,	O
it	O
was	O
not	O
enough	O
to	O
inspire	O
strong	O
sales	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Newton	B-Device
became	O
popular	O
in	O
some	O
industries	O
,	O
notably	O
the	O
medical	O
field	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
the	O
debut	O
of	O
the	O
competing	O
Palm	B-Device
Pilot	I-Device
substantially	O
reduced	O
its	O
market	O
share	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Apple	O
struggled	O
to	O
find	O
a	O
new	O
direction	O
for	O
the	O
Newton	B-Device
,	O
and	O
when	O
Steve	O
Jobs	O
returned	O
to	O
the	O
company	O
in	O
1997	O
,	O
he	O
killed	O
the	O
product	O
line	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Furthermore	O
with	O
Apple	O
already	O
suffering	O
heavy	O
losses	O
which	O
jeopardized	O
its	O
survival	O
,	O
this	O
made	O
the	O
unprofitable	O
Newton	B-Device
a	O
tempting	O
target	O
to	O
axe	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Jobs	O
was	O
likely	O
also	O
motivated	O
by	O
the	O
fact	O
that	O
the	O
Newton	B-Device
was	O
the	O
pet	O
project	O
of	O
his	O
old	O
adversary	O
John	O
Sculley	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
Jobs	O
saw	O
potential	O
in	O
the	O
technology	O
and	O
concept	O
,	O
if	O
not	O
the	O
execution	O
,	O
and	O
eventually	O
led	O
Apple	O
to	O
create	O
its	O
multi-touch	B-Application
devices	O
inspired	O
by	O
FingerWorks	O
,	O
the	O
iPhone	B-Device
and	O
iPad	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Most	O
Newton	B-Device
devices	O
were	O
pre-loaded	O
with	O
a	O
variety	O
of	O
software	O
to	O
aid	O
in	O
personal	O
data	O
organization	O
and	O
management	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
later/2.x	O
versions	O
of	O
the	O
Newton	B-Device
OS	I-Device
these	O
applications	O
were	O
refined	O
,	O
and	O
new	O
ones	O
were	O
added	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
the	O
Works	O
word	O
processor	O
and	O
the	O
Newton	B-Device
Internet	O
Enabler	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
the	O
inclusion	O
of	O
bundled	O
3rd	O
party	O
applications	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
the	O
QuickFigure	O
Works	O
spreadsheet	O
(	O
a	O
"	O
lite	O
"	O
version	O
of	O
Pelicanware	O
's	O
QuickFigure	O
Pro	O
)	O
,	O
Pocket	O
Quicken	B-Application
,	O
the	O
NetHopper	O
web	O
browser	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
Netstrategy	O
EnRoute	O
email	O
client	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Various	O
Newton	B-Device
applications	O
had	O
full	O
import/export	O
capabilities	O
with	O
popular	O
desktop	O
office	O
suite	O
and	O
PIM	B-Application
(	O
Personal	B-Application
Information	I-Application
Manager	I-Application
)	O
application	O
file	O
formats	O
,	O
primarily	O
by	O
making	O
use	O
of	O
Apple	O
's	O
bundled	O
Newton	B-Device
Connection	I-Device
Utilities	I-Device
and	O
also	O
the	O
Newton	B-Device
Connection	I-Device
Kit	I-Device
,	O
which	O
was	O
sold	O
separately	O
and	O
only	O
worked	O
for	O
Newton	B-Device
devices	O
that	O
used	O
the	O
1.x	O
versions	O
of	O
the	O
Newton	B-Device
OS	I-Device
.	O
</s>
