<s>
Apache	B-General_Concept
ORC	I-General_Concept
(	O
Optimized	O
Row	O
Columnar	O
)	O
is	O
a	O
free	B-License
and	I-License
open-source	I-License
column-oriented	B-General_Concept
data	O
storage	O
format	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
similar	O
to	O
the	O
other	O
columnar-storage	O
file	O
formats	O
available	O
in	O
the	O
Hadoop	B-Application
ecosystem	O
such	O
as	O
RCFile	O
and	O
Parquet	B-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
used	O
by	O
most	O
of	O
the	O
data	O
processing	O
frameworks	O
Apache	B-Language
Spark	I-Language
,	O
Apache	B-General_Concept
Hive	I-General_Concept
,	O
Apache	B-Application
Flink	I-Application
and	O
Apache	B-Application
Hadoop	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
February	O
2013	O
,	O
the	O
Optimized	O
Row	O
Columnar	O
(	O
ORC	O
)	O
file	O
format	O
was	O
announced	O
by	O
Hortonworks	B-Application
in	O
collaboration	O
with	O
Facebook	B-Application
.	I-Application
</s>
<s>
A	O
month	O
later	O
,	O
the	O
Apache	B-General_Concept
Parquet	I-General_Concept
format	O
was	O
announced	O
,	O
developed	O
by	O
Cloudera	B-General_Concept
and	O
Twitter	B-Application
.	O
</s>
