<s>
In	O
artificial	B-Application
intelligence	I-Application
(	O
AI	B-Application
)	O
,	O
anticipation	B-General_Concept
occurs	O
when	O
an	O
agent	B-General_Concept
makes	O
decisions	O
based	O
on	O
its	O
explicit	O
beliefs	O
about	O
the	O
future	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
More	O
broadly	O
,	O
"	O
anticipation	B-General_Concept
"	O
can	O
also	O
refer	O
to	O
the	O
ability	O
to	O
act	O
in	O
appropriate	O
ways	O
that	O
take	O
future	O
events	O
into	O
account	O
,	O
without	O
necessarily	O
explicitly	O
possessing	O
a	O
model	O
of	O
the	O
future	O
events	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
An	O
agent	B-General_Concept
employing	O
anticipation	B-General_Concept
would	O
try	O
to	O
predict	O
the	O
future	O
state	O
of	O
the	O
environment	O
(	O
weather	O
in	O
this	O
case	O
)	O
and	O
make	O
use	O
of	O
the	O
predictions	O
in	O
the	O
decision	O
making	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
1985	O
,	O
Robert	O
Rosen	O
defined	O
an	O
anticipatory	B-General_Concept
system	I-General_Concept
as	O
follows	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
To	O
some	O
extent	O
,	O
Rosen	O
's	O
definition	O
of	O
anticipation	B-General_Concept
applies	O
to	O
any	O
system	O
incorporating	O
machine	O
learning	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
At	O
issue	O
is	O
how	O
much	O
of	O
a	O
system	O
's	O
behaviour	O
should	O
or	O
indeed	O
can	O
be	O
determined	O
by	O
reasoning	O
over	O
dedicated	O
representations	O
,	O
how	O
much	O
by	O
on-line	O
planning	B-Application
,	O
and	O
how	O
much	O
must	O
be	O
provided	O
by	O
the	O
system	O
's	O
designers	O
.	O
</s>
