<s>
Amazon	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
is	O
a	O
series	O
of	O
e-readers	O
designed	O
and	O
marketed	O
by	O
Amazon	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Amazon	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
devices	O
enable	O
users	O
to	O
browse	O
,	O
buy	O
,	O
download	O
,	O
and	O
read	O
e-books	O
,	O
newspapers	O
,	O
magazines	O
and	O
other	O
digital	O
media	O
via	O
wireless	O
networking	O
to	O
the	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
Store	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
hardware	B-Device
platform	I-Device
,	O
which	O
Amazon	B-Application
subsidiary	O
Lab126	O
developed	O
,	O
began	O
as	O
a	O
single	O
device	O
in	O
2007	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Currently	O
,	O
it	O
comprises	O
a	O
range	O
of	O
devices	O
,	O
including	O
e-readers	O
with	O
E	O
Ink	O
electronic	O
paper	O
displays	O
and	O
Kindle	O
applications	O
on	O
all	O
major	O
computing	B-Device
platforms	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
All	O
Kindle	O
devices	O
integrate	O
with	O
Windows	B-Application
and	O
macOS	B-Operating_System
file	B-Application
systems	I-Application
and	O
Kindle	O
Store	O
content	O
and	O
,	O
as	O
of	O
March	O
2018	O
,	O
the	O
store	O
had	O
over	O
six	O
million	O
e-books	O
available	O
in	O
the	O
United	O
States	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2004	O
,	O
Amazon	B-Application
founder	O
and	O
CEO	O
Jeff	O
Bezos	O
instructed	O
the	O
company	O
's	O
employees	O
to	O
build	O
the	O
world	O
's	O
best	O
e-reader	O
before	O
Amazon	B-Application
's	O
competitors	O
could	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Amazon	B-Application
originally	O
used	O
the	O
codename	O
Fiona	O
for	O
the	O
device	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Branding	O
consultants	O
Michael	O
Cronan	O
and	O
Karin	O
Hibma	O
devised	O
the	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
name	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Kindle	O
hardware	O
evolved	O
from	O
the	O
original	O
Kindle	O
introduced	O
in	O
2007	O
and	O
the	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
DX	O
(	O
with	O
its	O
larger	O
9.7	O
"	O
screen	O
)	O
introduced	O
in	O
2009	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
range	O
included	O
early	O
generation	O
devices	O
with	O
a	O
keyboard	O
(	O
Kindle	O
Keyboard	O
)	O
,	O
devices	O
with	O
touch-sensitive	O
,	O
lighted	O
,	O
high-resolution	O
screens	O
(	O
Kindle	B-General_Concept
Paperwhite	I-General_Concept
)	O
,	O
early	O
generations	O
of	O
a	O
tablet	B-Device
computer	I-Device
with	O
the	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
app	O
(	O
Kindle	B-Application
Fire	I-Application
)	O
,	O
and	O
low-priced	O
devices	O
with	O
a	O
touch-sensitive	O
screen	O
(	O
Kindle	O
7	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
the	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
e-reader	O
has	O
often	O
been	O
a	O
narrow-purpose	O
device	O
for	O
reading	O
rather	O
than	O
being	O
multipurpose	O
hardware	O
that	O
might	O
create	O
distractions	O
while	O
reading	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
After	O
an	O
initial	O
3	O
generations	O
the	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
Fire	B-Application
tablet	I-Application
branding	O
was	O
changed	O
in	O
2014	O
to	O
Amazon	B-Application
Fire	I-Application
,	O
reflecting	O
their	O
wider	O
capabilities	O
as	O
an	O
Android-derived	O
tablet	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Other	O
later	O
developments	O
include	O
devices	O
with	O
larger	O
eink	O
displays	O
such	O
as	O
the	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
Oasis	O
2	O
(	O
2017	O
)	O
at	O
7	O
"	O
and	O
the	O
Paperwhite	O
5	O
(	O
2021	O
)	O
at	O
6.8	O
"	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
a	O
device	O
with	O
a	O
10.2	O
"	O
screen	O
and	O
Wacom	O
stylus	O
support	O
called	O
the	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
Scribe	O
(	O
2022	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2022	O
Amazon	B-Application
also	O
introduced	O
the	O
11th	O
gen	O
Kindle	O
with	O
a	O
300	O
PPI	B-Algorithm
display	O
,	O
ending	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
the	O
6	O
"	O
167	O
PPI	B-Algorithm
display	O
that	O
had	O
been	O
on	O
every	O
basic	O
Kindle	O
since	O
2007	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Amazon	B-Application
has	O
also	O
introduced	O
Kindle	O
apps	O
for	O
use	O
on	O
various	O
devices	O
and	O
platforms	B-Device
,	O
including	O
Windows	B-Application
,	O
macOS	B-Operating_System
,	O
Android	B-Application
,	O
iOS	B-Application
,	O
BlackBerry	B-Application
10	I-Application
and	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
Amazon	B-Application
also	O
has	O
a	O
cloud	B-Architecture
reader	O
to	O
allow	O
users	O
to	O
read	O
e-books	O
using	O
modern	O
web	B-Application
browsers	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Amazon	B-Application
released	O
the	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
,	O
its	O
first	O
e-reader	O
,	O
on	O
November	O
19	O
,	O
2007	O
,	O
for	O
$399	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
device	O
featured	O
a	O
six-inch	O
(	O
diagonal	O
)	O
four-level	O
grayscale	O
E	O
Ink	O
display	O
,	O
with	O
250MB	O
of	O
internal	O
storage	B-Device
,	O
which	O
can	O
hold	O
approximately	O
200	O
non-illustrated	O
titles	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
has	O
expandable	O
storage	B-Device
via	O
an	O
SD	B-Device
card	I-Device
slot	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Content	O
was	O
available	O
from	O
Amazon	B-Application
via	O
the	O
Sprint	O
Corporation	O
US-wide	O
EVDO	O
3G	B-Architecture
data	O
network	O
,	O
via	O
a	O
dedicated	O
connection	O
protocol	O
which	O
Amazon	B-Application
called	O
Whispernet	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Amazon	B-Application
did	O
not	O
sell	O
the	O
first-generation	O
Kindle	O
outside	O
of	O
the	O
US	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
February	O
10	O
,	O
2009	O
,	O
Amazon	B-Application
announced	O
the	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
2	O
,	O
the	O
second-generation	O
Kindle	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
2	O
features	O
a	O
text-to-speech	B-Application
option	O
to	O
read	O
the	O
text	O
aloud	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
also	O
has	O
6	O
inch	O
screen	O
and	O
2GB	O
of	O
internal	O
memory	B-Architecture
,	O
of	O
which	O
1.4GB	O
is	O
user-accessible	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
By	O
Amazon	B-Application
's	O
estimates	O
,	O
the	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
2	O
can	O
hold	O
about	O
1,500	O
non-illustrated	O
books	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Unlike	O
the	O
first-generation	O
Kindle	O
,	O
Kindle	O
2	O
does	O
not	O
have	O
a	O
slot	O
for	O
SD	B-Device
memory	I-Device
cards	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
2	O
features	O
a	O
Freescale	O
532MHz	O
,	O
ARM-11	O
90nm	O
processor	B-Architecture
,	O
32MB	O
main	O
memory	B-Architecture
,	O
2GB	O
flash	B-Device
memory	I-Device
and	O
a	O
3.7V	O
1,530	O
mAh	O
lithium	O
polymer	O
battery	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
To	O
promote	O
the	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
2	O
,	O
in	O
February	O
2009	O
author	O
Stephen	O
King	O
released	O
Ur	O
,	O
his	O
then-new	O
novella	O
,	O
made	O
available	O
exclusively	O
through	O
the	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
Store	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
October	O
7	O
,	O
2009	O
,	O
Amazon	B-Application
announced	O
an	O
international	O
version	O
of	O
the	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
2	O
with	O
the	O
ability	O
to	O
download	O
e-books	O
wirelessly	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
international	O
version	O
used	O
standard	O
GSM	O
and	O
3G	B-Architecture
GSM	O
,	O
enabling	O
it	O
to	O
be	O
used	O
on	O
T	O
's	O
U.S.	O
mobile	O
network	O
and	O
internationally	O
in	O
100	O
other	O
countries	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Amazon	B-Application
launched	O
the	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
DX	O
on	O
May	O
6	O
,	O
2009	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
device	O
has	O
the	O
largest	O
Kindle	O
screen	O
at	O
9.7	O
inches	O
and	O
supports	O
displaying	O
PDF	B-Application
files	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
was	O
marketed	O
as	O
more	O
suitable	O
for	O
displaying	O
newspaper	O
and	O
textbook	O
content	O
,	O
includes	O
built-in	O
speakers	O
,	O
and	O
has	O
an	O
accelerometer	O
that	O
enables	O
users	O
to	O
rotate	O
pages	O
between	O
landscape	O
and	O
portrait	O
orientations	O
when	O
the	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
DX	O
is	O
turned	O
on	O
its	O
side	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
January	O
19	O
,	O
2010	O
,	O
the	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
DX	O
international	O
version	O
was	O
released	O
in	O
over	O
100	O
countries	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
DX	O
international	O
version	O
is	O
the	O
same	O
as	O
the	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
DX	O
,	O
except	O
for	O
having	O
support	O
for	O
international	O
3G	B-Architecture
data	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
July	O
1	O
,	O
2010	O
,	O
Amazon	B-Application
released	O
the	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
DX	O
Graphite	O
(	O
DXG	O
)	O
globally	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Like	O
the	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
DX	O
,	O
it	O
does	O
not	O
have	O
a	O
Wi-Fi	O
connection	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
CPU	B-General_Concept
has	O
the	O
same	O
speed	O
as	O
Kindle	O
Keyboard	O
's	O
CPU	B-General_Concept
,	O
but	O
the	O
DXG	O
has	O
only	O
half	O
the	O
system	O
memory	B-Architecture
,	O
128MB	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Therefore	O
,	O
DXG	O
cannot	O
display	O
international	O
fonts	O
,	O
like	O
Cyrillic	O
,	O
Chinese	O
,	O
or	O
any	O
other	O
non-Latin	O
font	O
,	O
and	O
PDF	B-Application
support	O
and	O
the	O
web	B-Application
browser	I-Application
are	O
limited	O
to	O
matching	O
the	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
2	O
's	O
features	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Amazon	B-Application
withdrew	O
the	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
DX	O
from	O
sale	O
in	O
October	O
2012	O
,	O
but	O
in	O
September	O
2013	O
made	O
it	O
available	O
again	O
for	O
a	O
few	O
months	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Using	O
3G	B-Architecture
data	O
is	O
free	O
when	O
accessing	O
the	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
Store	O
and	O
Wikipedia	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Downloading	O
personal	O
documents	O
via	O
3G	B-Architecture
data	O
costs	O
about	O
$1	O
per	O
megabyte	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Its	O
battery	O
life	O
is	O
about	O
one	O
week	O
with	O
3G	B-Architecture
on	O
and	O
two	O
weeks	O
with	O
3G	B-Architecture
off	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Text-to-Speech	B-Application
and	O
MP3	B-Application
playback	O
are	O
supported	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Amazon	B-Application
announced	O
the	O
third-generation	O
Kindle	O
,	O
later	O
renamed	O
"	O
Kindle	O
Keyboard	O
"	O
,	O
on	O
July	O
28	O
,	O
2010	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Amazon	B-Application
began	O
accepting	O
pre-orders	O
for	O
the	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
Keyboard	O
as	O
soon	O
as	O
it	O
was	O
announced	O
and	O
began	O
shipping	O
the	O
devices	O
on	O
August	O
27	O
,	O
2010	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
August	O
25	O
,	O
Amazon	B-Application
announced	O
that	O
the	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
Keyboard	O
was	O
the	O
fastest-selling	O
Kindle	O
ever	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
While	O
Amazon	B-Application
does	O
not	O
officially	O
add	O
numbers	O
to	O
the	O
end	O
of	O
each	O
Kindle	O
denoting	O
its	O
generation	O
,	O
reviewers	O
,	O
customers	O
and	O
press	O
companies	O
often	O
referred	O
to	O
this	O
Kindle	O
as	O
the	O
"	O
K3	O
"	O
or	O
the	O
"	O
Kindle	O
3	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
Keyboard	O
has	O
a	O
6-inch	O
screen	O
with	O
a	O
resolution	O
of	O
600x800	O
(	O
167PPI	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
Keyboard	O
was	O
available	O
in	O
two	O
versions	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
One	O
of	O
these	O
,	O
the	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
Wi-Fi	O
,	O
was	O
initially	O
priced	O
at	O
$139	O
and	O
connects	O
to	O
the	O
Internet	O
via	O
Wi-Fi	O
networks	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
other	O
version	O
,	O
called	O
the	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
3G	B-Architecture
,	O
was	O
priced	O
at	O
$189	O
and	O
includes	O
both	O
3G	B-Architecture
and	O
Wi-Fi	O
connectivity	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
built-in	O
free	O
3G	B-Architecture
connectivity	O
uses	O
the	O
same	O
wireless	O
signals	O
that	O
cell	O
phones	O
use	O
,	O
allowing	O
it	O
to	O
download	O
and	O
purchase	O
content	O
from	O
any	O
location	O
with	O
cell	O
service	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
Keyboard	O
is	O
available	O
in	O
two	O
colors	O
:	O
classic	O
white	O
and	O
graphite	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
it	O
remains	O
significantly	O
slower	O
than	O
traditional	O
LCDs	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
July	O
13	O
,	O
2011	O
,	O
Amazon	B-Application
announced	O
that	O
due	O
to	O
a	O
sponsorship	O
with	O
AT&T	O
,	O
the	O
price	O
of	O
the	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
3G	B-Architecture
with	O
ads	O
would	O
be	O
$139	O
,	O
$50	O
less	O
than	O
the	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
3G	B-Architecture
without	O
ads	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
Keyboard	O
is	O
0.5inches	O
shorter	O
and	O
0.5inches	O
narrower	O
than	O
the	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
2	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Internal	O
memory	B-Architecture
is	O
expanded	O
to	O
4GB	O
,	O
with	O
approximately	O
3GB	O
available	O
for	O
user	O
content	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
Keyboard	O
generally	O
received	O
good	O
reviews	O
after	O
launch	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Review	O
Horizon	O
describes	O
the	O
device	O
as	O
offering	O
"	O
the	O
best	O
reading	O
experience	O
in	O
its	O
class	O
"	O
while	O
Engadget	B-Application
states	O
,	O
"	O
In	O
the	O
standalone	O
category	O
,	O
the	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
is	O
probably	O
the	O
one	O
to	O
beat	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
fourth-generation	O
Kindle	O
and	O
the	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
Touch	O
were	O
announced	O
on	O
September	O
28	O
,	O
2011	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
They	O
retain	O
the	O
6-inch	O
,	O
167-PPI	O
e-ink	O
display	O
of	O
the	O
2010	O
Kindle	O
model	O
,	O
with	O
the	O
addition	O
of	O
an	O
infrared	O
touch-screen	O
control	O
on	O
the	O
Touch	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
They	O
also	O
include	O
Amazon	B-Application
's	O
experimental	O
web-browsing	O
capability	O
with	O
Wi-Fi	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
the	O
same	O
date	O
,	O
Amazon	B-Application
announced	O
the	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
Fire	O
,	O
a	O
tablet	B-Device
computer	I-Device
including	O
a	O
Kindle	O
app	O
;	O
in	O
September	O
2014	O
,	O
Kindle	O
was	O
dropped	O
from	O
the	O
Amazon	B-Application
Fire	I-Application
's	O
name	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
fourth-generation	O
Kindle	O
was	O
significantly	O
less	O
expensive	O
(	O
initially	O
$79	O
ad	O
supported	O
,	O
$109	O
no	O
ads	O
)	O
and	O
features	O
a	O
slight	O
reduction	O
in	O
weight	O
and	O
size	O
,	O
with	O
a	O
reduced	O
battery	O
life	O
and	O
storage	B-Device
capacity	O
,	O
compared	O
to	O
the	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
3	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
has	O
a	O
silver-grey	O
bezel	O
,	O
6-inch	O
display	O
,	O
nine	O
hard	O
keys	O
,	O
a	O
cursor	O
pad	O
,	O
an	O
on-screen	O
rather	O
than	O
physical	O
keyboard	O
,	O
a	O
flash	B-Device
storage	I-Device
capacity	O
of	O
2GB	O
,	O
and	O
an	O
estimated	O
one	O
month	O
battery	O
life	O
under	O
ideal	O
reading	O
conditions	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Amazon	B-Application
introduced	O
two	O
versions	O
of	O
touchscreen	O
Kindles	O
:	O
the	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
Touch	O
,	O
available	O
with	O
Wi-Fi	O
(	O
initially	O
$99	O
ad-supported	O
,	O
$139	O
no	O
ads	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
the	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
Touch	O
3G	B-Architecture
,	O
with	O
Wi-Fi/3G	O
connectivity	O
(	O
initially	O
$149	O
ad-supported	O
,	O
$189	O
no	O
ads	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
latter	O
version	O
is	O
capable	O
of	O
connecting	O
via	O
3G	B-Architecture
to	O
the	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
Store	O
,	O
downloading	O
books	O
and	O
periodicals	O
,	O
and	O
accessing	O
Wikipedia	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Experimental	O
web	O
browsing	O
(	O
outside	O
Wikipedia	O
)	O
on	O
Kindle	O
Touch	O
3G	B-Architecture
is	O
only	O
available	O
over	O
a	O
Wi-Fi	O
connection	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
usage	O
of	O
the	O
3G	B-Architecture
data	O
is	O
limited	O
to	O
50MB	O
per	O
month	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Like	O
the	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
3	O
,	O
the	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
Touch	O
has	O
a	O
capacity	O
of	O
4GB	O
and	O
battery	O
life	O
of	O
two	O
months	O
under	O
ideal	O
reading	O
conditions	O
,	O
and	O
is	O
larger	O
than	O
the	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
4	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
Touch	O
was	O
released	O
on	O
November	O
15	O
,	O
2011	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Amazon	B-Application
announced	O
in	O
March	O
2012	O
that	O
the	O
device	O
would	O
be	O
available	O
in	O
the	O
UK	O
,	O
Germany	O
,	O
France	O
,	O
Spain	O
and	O
Italy	O
on	O
April	O
27	O
,	O
2012	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Touch	O
was	O
the	O
first	O
Kindle	O
to	O
support	O
X-Ray	B-Library
,	O
which	O
lists	O
the	O
commonly	O
used	O
character	O
names	O
,	O
locations	O
,	O
themes	O
,	O
or	O
ideas	O
in	O
a	O
book	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
January	O
2013	O
,	O
Amazon	B-Application
released	O
the	O
5.2.0	O
firmware	O
that	O
updated	O
the	O
operating	B-General_Concept
system	I-General_Concept
to	O
match	O
the	O
Paperwhite	O
's	O
interface	O
with	O
the	O
Touch	O
's	O
MP3/audiobook	O
capabilities	O
remaining	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Amazon	B-Application
released	O
the	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
5	O
on	O
September	O
6	O
,	O
2012	O
( $70	O
ad-supported	O
,	O
$90	O
no	O
ads	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
has	O
a	O
black	O
bezel	O
,	O
differing	O
from	O
the	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
4	O
which	O
was	O
available	O
in	O
silver-grey	O
,	O
and	O
has	O
better	O
display	O
contrast	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Amazon	B-Application
also	O
claims	O
that	O
it	O
has	O
15%	O
faster	O
page	O
loads	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
has	O
a	O
167	O
PPI	B-Algorithm
display	O
and	O
was	O
the	O
lightest	O
Kindle	O
,	O
at	O
5.98	O
ounce	O
,	O
until	O
2016	O
's	O
Kindle	O
Oasis	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
first-iteration	O
Kindle	B-General_Concept
Paperwhite	I-General_Concept
was	O
announced	O
on	O
September	O
6	O
,	O
2012	O
,	O
and	O
released	O
on	O
October	O
1	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
was	O
available	O
in	O
Wi-Fi	O
( $120	O
ad-supported	O
,	O
$140	O
no	O
ads	O
)	O
and	O
Wi-Fi	O
+	O
3G	B-Architecture
( $180	O
ad-supported	O
,	O
$200	O
no	O
ads	O
)	O
models	O
,	O
with	O
the	O
ad-supported	O
options	O
only	O
intended	O
to	O
be	O
available	O
in	O
the	O
United	O
States	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
3G	B-Architecture
access	O
restrictions	O
are	O
the	O
same	O
as	O
the	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
Touch	O
,	O
and	O
usage	O
of	O
the	O
3G	B-Architecture
data	O
is	O
limited	O
to	O
50	O
MB	O
per	O
month	O
and	O
only	O
on	O
Amazon	B-Application
and	O
Wikipedia	O
's	O
websites	O
;	O
additional	O
data	O
may	O
be	O
bought	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
official	O
leather	O
cover	O
for	O
the	O
Paperwhite	O
uses	O
a	O
hall	B-Algorithm
effect	I-Algorithm
sensor	I-Algorithm
to	O
detect	O
when	O
the	O
cover	O
is	O
closed	O
or	O
opened	O
and	O
turn	O
the	O
screen	O
off	O
or	O
on	O
respectively	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
was	O
the	O
first	O
Kindle	O
model	O
to	O
track	O
reading	O
speed	O
to	O
estimate	O
when	O
the	O
reader	O
will	O
finish	O
a	O
chapter	O
or	O
book	O
;	O
this	O
feature	O
was	O
later	O
included	O
with	O
updates	O
to	O
the	O
other	O
models	O
of	O
Kindle	O
and	O
Kindle	B-Application
Fire	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
Paperwhite	O
lacks	O
physical	O
buttons	O
for	O
page	O
turning	O
and	O
does	O
not	O
perform	O
auto-hyphenation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
November	O
2012	O
,	O
Amazon	B-Application
released	O
the	O
5.3.0	O
update	O
that	O
allowed	O
users	O
to	O
turn	O
off	O
recommended	O
content	O
on	O
the	O
home	O
screen	O
in	O
Grid	O
View	O
(	O
allowing	O
two	O
rows	O
of	O
user	O
content	O
)	O
and	O
included	O
general	O
bug	O
fixes	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
March	O
2014	O
,	O
the	O
Paperwhite	O
5.4.4	O
update	O
was	O
released	O
that	O
added	O
Goodreads	B-Application
integration	O
,	O
Kindle	O
FreeTime	O
to	O
restrict	O
usage	O
for	O
children	O
,	O
Cloud	B-Architecture
Collections	O
for	O
organization	O
and	O
Page	O
Flip	O
for	O
scanning	O
content	O
without	O
losing	O
your	O
place	O
,	O
which	O
closely	O
matched	O
the	O
Paperwhite	O
2	O
's	O
software	O
features	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
Paperwhite	O
was	O
released	O
in	O
most	O
major	O
international	O
markets	O
in	O
early	O
2013	O
,	O
with	O
Japan	O
's	O
version	O
including	O
4	O
GB	O
of	O
storage	B-Device
,	O
and	O
in	O
China	O
on	O
June	O
7	O
,	O
2013	O
;	O
all	O
non-Japan	O
versions	O
have	O
2	O
GB	O
of	O
storage	B-Device
(	O
1.25	O
GB	O
usable	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Engadget	B-Application
praised	O
the	O
Paperwhite	O
,	O
giving	O
it	O
92	O
of	O
100	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
reviewer	O
liked	O
the	O
frontlit	O
display	O
,	O
high	O
contrast	O
,	O
and	O
useful	O
software	O
features	O
,	O
but	O
did	O
not	O
like	O
that	O
it	O
was	O
less	O
comfortable	O
to	O
hold	O
than	O
the	O
Nook	B-Application
,	O
the	O
starting	O
price	O
includes	O
ads	O
,	O
and	O
it	O
had	O
no	O
expandable	O
storage	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Shortly	O
after	O
release	O
,	O
some	O
users	O
complained	O
about	O
the	O
lighting	O
implementation	O
on	O
the	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
Paperwhite	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Amazon	B-Application
announced	O
the	O
second-iteration	O
Kindle	B-General_Concept
Paperwhite	I-General_Concept
,	O
marketed	O
as	O
the	O
"	O
All-New	O
Kindle	B-General_Concept
Paperwhite	I-General_Concept
"	O
and	O
colloquially	O
referred	O
to	O
as	O
the	O
Paperwhite	O
2	O
,	O
on	O
September	O
3	O
,	O
2013	O
;	O
the	O
Wi-Fi	O
version	O
was	O
released	O
on	O
September	O
30	O
( $120	O
ad-supported	O
,	O
$140	O
no	O
ads	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
3G/Wi	O
-Fi	O
version	O
was	O
released	O
in	O
the	O
US	O
on	O
November	O
5	O
,	O
2013	O
( $190	O
ad-supported	O
,	O
$210	O
no	O
ads	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Paperwhite	O
2	O
features	O
a	O
higher	O
contrast	O
E	O
Ink	O
Carta	O
display	O
technology	O
,	O
improved	O
LED	O
illumination	O
,	O
25%	O
faster	O
processor	B-Architecture
(	O
1GHz	O
)	O
that	O
allows	O
for	O
faster	O
page	O
turns	O
,	O
and	O
better	O
response	O
to	O
touch	O
input	O
compared	O
to	O
the	O
original	O
Paperwhite	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
has	O
the	O
same	O
6	O
"	O
screen	O
with	O
212	O
PPI	B-Algorithm
,	O
bezel	O
and	O
estimated	O
28-hour	O
battery	O
life	O
as	O
the	O
original	O
Paperwhite	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
software	O
features	O
dictionary/Wikipedia/X	O
-Ray	O
look-up	O
,	O
Page	O
Flip	O
that	O
allows	O
the	O
user	O
to	O
skip	O
ahead	O
or	O
back	O
in	O
the	O
text	O
in	O
a	O
pop-up	O
window	O
and	O
go	O
back	O
to	O
the	O
previous	O
page	O
,	O
and	O
Goodreads	B-Application
social	O
integration	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Paperwhite	O
2	O
uses	O
a	O
similar	O
experimental	O
web	B-Application
browser	I-Application
with	O
the	O
same	O
3G	B-Architecture
data	O
use	O
restrictions	O
as	O
previous	O
Kindles	O
;	O
there	O
are	O
no	O
use	O
restrictions	O
when	O
using	O
Wi-Fi	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
official	O
Amazon	B-Application
leather	O
cover	O
for	O
the	O
Paperwhite	O
2	O
is	O
the	O
same	O
item	O
as	O
was	O
used	O
for	O
the	O
original	O
Paperwhite	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Although	O
released	O
in	O
2013	O
with	O
2GB	O
of	O
storage	B-Device
,	O
all	O
versions	O
of	O
the	O
Paperwhite	O
2	O
were	O
sold	O
with	O
4GB	O
of	O
storage	B-Device
by	O
September	O
2014	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Engadget	B-Application
rated	O
the	O
Paperwhite	O
2	O
as	O
93	O
of	O
100	O
,	O
saying	O
while	O
it	O
offers	O
few	O
new	O
features	O
,	O
"	O
an	O
improved	O
frontlight	O
and	O
some	O
software	O
tweaks	O
have	O
made	O
an	O
already	O
great	O
reading	O
experience	O
even	O
better.	O
"	O
</s>
<s>
Amazon	B-Application
announced	O
an	O
upgraded	O
basic	O
Kindle	O
and	O
the	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
Voyage	O
on	O
September	O
18	O
,	O
2014	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
7	O
was	O
released	O
on	O
October	O
2	O
,	O
2014	O
( $80	O
ad-supported	O
,	O
$100	O
no	O
ads	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
the	O
first	O
basic	O
Kindle	O
to	O
use	O
a	O
touchscreen	O
for	O
navigating	O
within	O
books	O
and	O
to	O
have	O
a	O
1GHz	O
CPU	B-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
Amazon	B-Application
claims	O
that	O
a	O
single	O
charge	O
lasts	O
up	O
to	O
30	O
days	O
if	O
used	O
for	O
30	O
minutes	O
a	O
day	O
without	O
using	O
Wi-Fi	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
Voyage	O
was	O
released	O
on	O
November	O
4	O
,	O
2014	O
,	O
in	O
the	O
U.S.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
has	O
a	O
6-inch	O
,	O
300	O
ppi	B-Algorithm
E	O
Ink	O
Carta	O
HD	O
display	O
,	O
which	O
was	O
the	O
highest	O
resolution	O
and	O
contrast	O
available	O
in	O
e-readers	O
,	O
as	O
of	O
2014	O
,	O
with	O
six	O
LEDs	O
with	O
an	O
adaptive	O
light	O
sensor	O
that	O
can	O
automatically	O
illuminate	O
the	O
screen	O
depending	O
on	O
the	O
environment	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
available	O
in	O
Wi-Fi	O
( $200	O
ad-supported	O
,	O
$220	O
no	O
ads	O
)	O
and	O
Wi-Fi	O
+	O
3G	B-Architecture
( $270	O
ad-supported	O
,	O
$290	O
no	O
ads	O
)	O
models	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
has	O
4	O
GB	O
of	O
storage	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Its	O
design	O
features	O
a	O
flush	O
glass	O
screen	O
on	O
the	O
front	O
and	O
the	O
rear	O
has	O
angular	O
,	O
raised	O
plastic	O
edges	O
that	O
house	O
the	O
power	O
button	O
,	O
similar	O
to	O
the	O
Fire	B-Application
HDX	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Verge	O
rated	O
the	O
Voyage	O
as	O
9.1	O
of	O
10	O
,	O
stating	O
that	O
"	O
this	O
is	O
the	O
best	O
E	O
Ink	O
e-reader	O
I	O
've	O
used	O
,	O
and	O
it	O
's	O
unquestionably	O
the	O
best	O
that	O
Amazon	B-Application
has	O
ever	O
made	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Engadget	B-Application
rated	O
the	O
Voyage	O
as	O
94	O
of	O
100	O
,	O
stating	O
that	O
while	O
it	O
was	O
"	O
easily	O
the	O
best	O
e-reader	O
that	O
Amazon	B-Application
has	O
ever	O
crafted	O
,	O
"	O
it	O
was	O
also	O
the	O
priciest	O
at	O
$199	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
third-iteration	O
Kindle	B-General_Concept
Paperwhite	I-General_Concept
,	O
marketed	O
as	O
the	O
"	O
All-New	O
Kindle	B-General_Concept
Paperwhite	I-General_Concept
"	O
and	O
colloquially	O
referred	O
to	O
as	O
the	O
Paperwhite	O
3	O
and	O
Paperwhite	O
2015	O
,	O
was	O
released	O
on	O
June	O
30	O
,	O
2015	O
,	O
in	O
the	O
US	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
available	O
in	O
Wi-Fi	O
( $120	O
ad-supported	O
,	O
$140	O
no	O
ads	O
)	O
and	O
Wi-Fi	O
+	O
3G	B-Architecture
( $190	O
ad-supported	O
,	O
$210	O
no	O
ads	O
)	O
models	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
has	O
a	O
6-inch	O
,	O
1448×1072	O
,	O
300	O
ppi	B-Algorithm
E	O
Ink	O
Carta	O
HD	O
display	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
twice	O
the	O
pixels	O
of	O
the	O
original	O
Paperwhite	O
and	O
has	O
the	O
same	O
touchscreen	O
,	O
four	O
LEDs	O
and	O
size	O
as	O
the	O
previous	O
Paperwhite	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
has	O
over	O
3GB	O
of	O
user	O
accessible	O
storage	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
device	O
improved	O
on	O
the	O
display	O
of	O
PDF	B-Application
files	I-Application
,	O
with	O
the	O
possibility	O
to	O
select	O
text	O
and	O
use	O
some	O
functionalities	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
translation	O
on	O
a	O
PDF	B-Application
's	O
text	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Amazon	B-Application
claims	O
it	O
has	O
6	O
weeks	O
of	O
battery	O
life	O
if	O
used	O
for	O
30	O
minutes	O
per	O
day	O
with	O
wireless	O
off	O
and	O
brightness	O
set	O
to	O
10	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
about	O
21	O
hours	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Paperwhite	O
3	O
is	O
the	O
first	O
e-reader	O
to	O
include	O
the	O
Bookerly	O
font	O
,	O
a	O
new	O
font	O
designed	O
by	O
Amazon	B-Application
,	O
and	O
includes	O
updated	O
formatting	O
functions	O
such	O
as	O
hyphenation	O
and	O
improved	O
spacing	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
official	O
Amazon	B-Application
leather	O
cover	O
for	O
the	O
Paperwhite	O
3	O
is	O
the	O
same	O
item	O
as	O
was	O
used	O
with	O
the	O
previous	O
two	O
Paperwhite	O
devices	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
June	O
30	O
,	O
2016	O
,	O
Amazon	B-Application
released	O
a	O
white	O
version	O
of	O
the	O
Paperwhite	O
3	O
worldwide	O
;	O
the	O
only	O
thing	O
different	O
about	O
this	O
version	O
is	O
the	O
color	O
of	O
the	O
shell	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
October	O
2016	O
,	O
Amazon	B-Application
released	O
the	O
Paperwhite	O
3	O
"	O
Manga	O
Model	O
"	O
in	O
Japan	O
that	O
has	O
a	O
33%	O
increase	O
in	O
page-turning	O
speed	O
and	O
includes	O
32	O
GB	O
of	O
storage	B-Device
,	O
which	O
is	O
space	O
for	O
up	O
to	O
700	O
manga	O
books	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Verge	O
rated	O
the	O
Paperwhite	O
3	O
as	O
9.0	O
of	O
10	O
,	O
saying	O
that	O
"	O
The	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
Paperwhite	O
is	O
the	O
best	O
e-reader	O
for	O
most	O
people	O
by	O
a	O
wide	O
margin	O
"	O
and	O
liked	O
the	O
high-resolution	O
screen	O
but	O
disliked	O
that	O
there	O
was	O
no	O
adaptive	O
backlight	O
;	O
this	O
is	O
featured	O
on	O
the	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
Voyage	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Amazon	B-Application
announced	O
the	O
first-iteration	O
Kindle	O
Oasis	O
on	O
April	O
13	O
,	O
2016	O
,	O
and	O
it	O
was	O
released	O
on	O
April	O
27	O
worldwide	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
Oasis	O
is	O
available	O
in	O
Wi-Fi	O
and	O
Wi-Fi	O
+	O
3G	B-Architecture
models	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Oasis	O
has	O
a	O
6-inch	O
,	O
300	O
ppi	B-Algorithm
E	O
Ink	O
Carta	O
HD	O
display	O
with	O
ten	O
LEDs	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
has	O
nearly	O
3GB	O
of	O
user	O
storage	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Oasis	O
includes	O
the	O
Bookerly	O
(	O
serif	O
)	O
font	O
and	O
it	O
is	O
the	O
first	O
Kindle	O
to	O
include	O
the	O
Amazon	B-Application
Ember	O
(	O
sans-serif	O
)	O
font	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
"	O
Samual	O
Gibbs	O
(	O
April	O
26	O
,	O
2016	O
)	O
Amazon	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
Oasis	O
review	O
:	O
the	O
luxury	O
e-reader	O
really	O
is	O
something	O
special	O
The	O
Guardian	O
,	O
Retrieved	O
April	O
27	O
,	O
2016	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Verge	O
rated	O
the	O
Oasis	O
as	O
9	O
of	O
10	O
,	O
praising	O
its	O
thinness	O
,	O
its	O
weight	O
without	O
the	O
cover	O
and	O
the	O
ability	O
to	O
read	O
with	O
one	O
hand	O
,	O
but	O
did	O
not	O
like	O
that	O
it	O
is	O
so	O
expensive	O
,	O
has	O
no	O
adaptive	O
backlight	O
like	O
the	O
Voyage	O
and	O
it	O
is	O
not	O
waterproof.Katherine	O
Boehret	O
(	O
May	O
4	O
,	O
2016	O
)	O
Amazon	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
Oasis	O
review	O
The	O
Verge	O
Retrieved	O
2	O
June	O
2016	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Amazon	B-Application
's	O
upgrade	O
of	O
the	O
standard	O
Kindle	O
was	O
released	O
on	O
June	O
22	O
,	O
2016	O
,	O
in	O
both	O
black	O
and	O
white	O
colors	O
( $80	O
ad-supported	O
,	O
$100	O
no	O
ads	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
8	O
features	O
a	O
new	O
rounded	O
design	O
that	O
is	O
shorter	O
,	O
narrower	O
,	O
thinner	O
,	O
and	O
lighter	O
than	O
the	O
previous	O
Kindle	O
7	O
,	O
and	O
features	O
double	O
the	O
RAM	B-Architecture
(	O
512	O
MB	O
)	O
of	O
its	O
predecessor	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
8	O
is	O
the	O
first	O
Kindle	O
to	O
use	O
Bluetooth	B-Protocol
that	O
can	O
support	O
VoiceView	O
screen	O
reader	O
software	O
for	O
the	O
visually	O
impaired	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
has	O
the	O
same	O
screen	O
display	O
as	O
its	O
predecessor	O
,	O
a	O
167	O
ppi	B-Algorithm
E	O
Ink	O
Pearl	O
touch-screen	O
display	O
,	O
and	O
Amazon	B-Application
claims	O
it	O
has	O
a	O
four-week	O
battery	O
life	O
and	O
can	O
be	O
fully	O
charged	O
within	O
four	O
hours	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Amazon	B-Application
released	O
the	O
second-iteration	O
Kindle	O
Oasis	O
,	O
marketed	O
as	O
the	O
"	O
All-New	O
Kindle	O
Oasis	O
"	O
and	O
colloquially	O
referred	O
to	O
as	O
the	O
Oasis	O
2	O
,	O
on	O
October	O
31	O
,	O
2017	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
available	O
in	O
8	O
GB	O
Wi-Fi	O
,	O
32	O
GB	O
Wi-Fi	O
and	O
32	O
GB	O
Wi-Fi	O
+	O
3G	B-Architecture
( $350	O
no	O
ads	O
)	O
models	O
with	O
a	O
7-inch	O
E	O
Ink	O
display	O
with	O
300	O
ppi.Amazon	O
'	O
s	O
new	O
Kindle	O
Oasis	O
is	O
(	O
finally	O
)	O
waterproof	O
and	O
a	O
little	O
less	O
expensive	O
Ars	O
Technica	O
,	O
Retrieved	O
October	O
13	O
,	O
2017	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
supports	O
playback	O
of	O
Audible	B-Application
audiobooks	O
by	O
pairing	O
with	O
A2DP	O
supported	O
external	O
Bluetooth	B-Protocol
4.2	O
speakers	O
or	O
headphones	O
;	O
the	O
device	O
can	O
store	O
up	O
to	O
35	O
audiobooks	O
with	O
8	O
GB	O
or	O
160	O
audiobooks	O
with	O
the	O
32	O
GB	O
model	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Oasis	O
2	O
's	O
internal	O
battery	O
lasts	O
about	O
six	O
weeks	O
of	O
reading	O
at	O
30	O
minutes	O
a	O
day.The	O
Verge	O
gave	O
the	O
Oasis	O
2	O
a	O
score	O
of	O
8	O
of	O
10	O
,	O
praising	O
its	O
design	O
,	O
display	O
,	O
and	O
water	O
resistance	O
,	O
but	O
criticizing	O
its	O
high	O
cost	O
and	O
inability	O
to	O
read	O
an	O
e-book	O
while	O
its	O
related	O
audiobook	O
is	O
playing.Casey	O
Newton	O
(	O
October	O
31	O
,	O
2017	O
)	O
Amazon	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
Oasis	O
2017	O
e-book	O
reader	O
review	O
The	O
Verge	O
Retrieved	O
15	O
December	O
2017	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Amazon	B-Application
announced	O
the	O
fourth-iteration	O
Kindle	B-General_Concept
Paperwhite	I-General_Concept
on	O
October	O
16	O
,	O
2018	O
,	O
and	O
released	O
it	O
on	O
November	O
7	O
,	O
2018	O
;	O
it	O
is	O
colloquially	O
referred	O
to	O
as	O
the	O
Paperwhite	O
4	O
and	O
Paperwhite	O
2018	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
features	O
a	O
6-inch	O
plastic-backed	O
display	O
of	O
Amazon	B-Application
's	O
own	O
design	O
with	O
300	O
ppi	B-Algorithm
and	O
a	O
flush	O
screen	O
featuring	O
five	O
LED	O
lights	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
supports	O
playback	O
of	O
Audible	B-Application
audio	O
books	O
only	O
by	O
pairing	O
with	O
external	O
Bluetooth	B-Protocol
speakers	O
or	O
headphones.The	O
Verge	O
rated	O
the	O
Paperwhite	O
4	O
as	O
8.5	O
of	O
10	O
,	O
praising	O
its	O
great	O
display	O
,	O
water-resistance	O
and	O
battery	O
life	O
but	O
criticizing	O
its	O
lack	O
of	O
physical	O
buttons	O
and	O
no	O
USB-C	O
support.Amazon	O
Kindle	O
Paperwhite	O
(	O
2018	O
)	O
review	O
:	O
the	O
new	O
best-seller	O
The	O
Verge	O
Retrieved	O
21	O
November	O
2018	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Amazon	B-Application
announced	O
the	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
(	O
10th	O
generation	O
)	O
on	O
March	O
20	O
,	O
2019	O
,	O
which	O
features	O
the	O
first	O
front	O
light	O
available	O
on	O
a	O
basic	O
Kindle	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Kindle	O
10	O
uses	O
a	O
6-inch	O
display	O
with	O
higher	O
contrast	O
than	O
previous	O
basic	O
Kindles	O
and	O
has	O
the	O
same	O
167	O
ppi	B-Algorithm
resolution.Amazon	O
Kindle	O
(	O
2019	O
Gsmarena	O
Retrieved	O
20	O
March	O
2019	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Amazon	B-Application
released	O
the	O
third-iteration	O
Kindle	O
Oasis	O
,	O
colloquially	O
referred	O
to	O
as	O
the	O
Oasis	O
3	O
,	O
on	O
July	O
24	O
,	O
2019	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Externally	O
it	O
is	O
nearly	O
identical	O
in	O
appearance	O
to	O
the	O
second-iteration	O
Oasis	O
,	O
with	O
a	O
similar	O
7-inch	O
,	O
300ppi	O
E	O
Ink	O
display	O
,	O
adjustable	O
warm	O
light	O
,	O
one-handed	O
design	O
,	O
waterproofing	O
,	O
aluminum	O
exterior	O
,	O
Bluetooth	B-Protocol
support	O
and	O
Micro	O
USB	B-Protocol
for	O
charging	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
device	O
is	O
available	O
in	O
two	O
different	O
colors	O
;	O
Graphite	O
or	O
Champagne	O
Gold.The	O
Verge	O
gave	O
the	O
Oasis	O
3	O
an	O
8	O
of	O
10	O
rating	O
,	O
praising	O
its	O
design	O
,	O
display	O
,	O
and	O
warmer	O
E	O
Ink	O
display	O
,	O
but	O
criticizing	O
its	O
high	O
cost	O
,	O
no	O
USB-C	O
support	O
and	O
the	O
lackluster	O
update	O
over	O
the	O
2017	O
model.Chaim	O
Gartenberg	O
(	O
July	O
24	O
,	O
2019	O
)	O
Amazon	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
Oasis	O
2019	O
review	O
:	O
getting	O
warmer	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Amazon	B-Application
announced	O
the	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
Paperwhite	O
(	O
fifth	O
iteration	O
)	O
on	O
September	O
21	O
,	O
2021	O
,	O
and	O
it	O
was	O
released	O
on	O
October	O
27	O
,	O
2021	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
features	O
8	O
GB	O
of	O
storage	B-Device
and	O
has	O
similar	O
dimensions	O
to	O
its	O
predecessor	O
but	O
has	O
a	O
larger	O
6.8-inch	O
display	O
set	O
in	O
thinner	O
bezels	O
,	O
17	O
LEDs	O
in	O
the	O
front	O
light	O
that	O
can	O
adjust	O
color	O
temperature	O
to	O
warmer	O
tones	O
(	O
first	O
featured	O
in	O
Kindle	O
Oasis	O
3	O
)	O
,	O
an	O
updated	O
processor	B-Architecture
,	O
and	O
longer	O
battery	O
life	O
that	O
Amazon	B-Application
claims	O
lasts	O
up	O
to	O
ten	O
weeks	O
on	O
a	O
single	O
charge	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
the	O
first	O
Kindle	O
with	O
a	O
USB-C	O
port	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Paperwhite	O
5	O
is	O
also	O
available	O
in	O
a	O
higher	O
cost	O
Signature	O
Edition	O
that	O
additionally	O
supports	O
Qi	O
wireless	O
charging	O
,	O
has	O
32	O
GB	O
of	O
storage	B-Device
,	O
and	O
includes	O
an	O
ambient	O
light	O
sensor	O
that	O
automatically	O
adjusts	O
the	O
backlight	O
brightness	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Amazon	B-Application
has	O
stated	O
that	O
some	O
Qi	O
chargers	O
are	O
incompatible	O
and	O
recommends	O
using	O
an	O
Amazon	B-Application
charging	O
dock	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Verge	O
gave	O
the	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
Paperwhite	O
(	O
fifth	O
iteration	O
)	O
8.5	O
out	O
of	O
10	O
,	O
praising	O
the	O
display	O
and	O
battery	O
but	O
did	O
not	O
like	O
the	O
lack	O
of	O
physical	O
buttons	O
and	O
no	O
improvement	O
of	O
Kindle	O
software	O
support	O
for	O
e-books	O
found	O
outside	O
of	O
the	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
Store	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
September	O
2022	O
,	O
a	O
model	O
with	O
16	O
GB	O
of	O
storage	B-Device
was	O
added	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Amazon	B-Application
announced	O
the	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
(	O
11th	O
generation	O
)	O
on	O
September	O
17	O
,	O
2022	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
upgraded	O
with	O
a	O
300	O
ppi	B-Algorithm
display	O
,	O
16	O
GB	O
of	O
storage	B-Device
,	O
and	O
includes	O
a	O
USB-C	O
port	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Amazon	B-Application
announced	O
the	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
Scribe	O
on	O
September	O
22	O
,	O
2022	O
,	O
with	O
a	O
release	O
date	O
of	O
November	O
30th	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Notably	O
it	O
is	O
the	O
first	O
Kindle	O
to	O
include	O
a	O
10.2	O
inch	O
,	O
300	O
ppi	B-Algorithm
display	O
;	O
and	O
stylus	O
functionality	O
for	O
writing	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Additionally	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
also	O
the	O
first	O
Kindle	O
sold	O
without	O
an	O
option	O
for	O
a	O
discounted	O
ad-supported	O
model	O
since	O
the	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
Keyboard	O
was	O
introduced	O
in	O
2010	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Amazon	B-Application
offers	O
two	O
Wacom	O
EMR	O
compatible	O
stylus	O
pens	O
for	O
use	O
with	O
the	O
Scribe	O
:	O
a	O
basic	O
pen	O
and	O
a	O
premium	O
pen	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Scribe	O
is	O
offered	O
in	O
three	O
storage	B-Device
tiers	O
:	O
16	O
GB	O
,	O
32	O
GB	O
,	O
or	O
64	O
GB	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Verge	O
gave	O
the	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
a	O
6	O
out	O
of	O
10	O
,	O
praising	O
its	O
long	O
battery	O
life	O
,	O
large	O
display	O
size	O
,	O
and	O
pen	O
feel	O
,	O
but	O
noting	O
it	O
’s	O
“	O
lackluster	O
software	O
”	O
and	O
“	O
outdated	O
document	O
syncing	O
”	O
held	O
the	O
device	O
back	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Model	O
Launch	O
Price	O
Display	O
CPU	B-General_Concept
Memory	B-Architecture
Storage	B-Device
Sound	O
Input	O
Controller	O
Input	O
Connectivity	O
Battery	O
Dimensions	O
Weight	O
IP	O
code	O
Kindle	O
1	O
November	O
19	O
,	O
2007	O
$399	O
,	O
600	O
×	O
800	O
pixels	O
,	O
167	O
PPI	B-Algorithm
density	O
,	O
4-level	O
grayscale	O
Marvell	O
Xscale	O
PXA255	O
400	O
MHz	O
,	O
ARM9	O
64	O
MB	O
256/180	O
MB	O
Speakers	O
,	O
3.5mm	O
headphone	O
Jack	O
USB	B-Protocol
2.0	I-Protocol
Mini-B	O
port	O
(	O
data	O
transfer	O
only	O
)	O
,	O
SD	B-Device
card	I-Device
,	O
3.5	O
mm	O
headphone	O
jack	O
,	O
charging	O
port	O
Keyboard	O
,	O
Scrollwheel	O
Amazon	B-General_Concept
Whispernet	I-General_Concept
H	O
W	O
D	O
No	O
Kindle	O
2	O
2	O
February	O
23	O
,	O
2009	O
$299	O
6-inch	O
(	O
150	O
mm	O
)	O
,	O
600	O
×	O
800	O
pixels	O
,	O
167	O
PPI	B-Algorithm
density	O
,	O
16-level	O
grayscale	O
Freescale	O
i.MX31	O
532	O
MHz	O
,	O
ARM11	O
32	O
MB	O
2/1.4	O
GB	O
USB	B-Protocol
2.0	I-Protocol
Micro-B	O
port	O
,	O
3.5	O
mm	O
headphone	O
jack	O
Keyboard	O
,	O
D-pad	O
H	O
W	O
D	O
Kindle	O
2	O
International	O
October	O
19	O
,	O
2009	O
$279	O
Kindle	O
DX	O
June	O
10	O
,	O
2009	O
$4899.7	O
-inch	O
,	O
824	O
x	O
1200	O
pixels	O
,	O
150	O
PPI	B-Algorithm
density	O
,	O
16-level	O
grayscale	O
128	O
MB	O
4/3	O
GB	O
W	O
D	O
Kindle	O
DX	O
International	O
January	O
6	O
,	O
2010	O
?	O
</s>
<s>
4/3	O
GB	O
Wi-Fi	O
:	O
3G	B-Architecture
:	O
Kindle	O
7	O
7	O
October	O
2	O
,	O
2014	O
No	O
ads	O
:	O
$100Ads	O
:	O
$80	O
,	O
600	O
×	O
800	O
pixels	O
,	O
167	O
PPI	B-Algorithm
density	O
,	O
16-level	O
grayscale	O
4/3	O
GB	O
890	O
mAh	O
H	O
W	O
D	O
Kindle	O
Voyage	O
November	O
4	O
,	O
2014	O
No	O
ads:Wi-Fi	O
:	O
$2203G	O
:	O
$	O
290Ads:Wi-Fi	O
:	O
$2003G	O
:	O
$270	O
6-inch	O
,	O
1072	O
×	O
1448	O
pixels	O
,	O
300	O
PPI	B-Algorithm
density	O
,	O
16-level	O
grayscale	O
,	O
LED	O
frontlit	O
512	O
MBUSB	O
(	O
through	O
USB	B-Protocol
Audio	O
Adapter	O
)	O
1,320	O
mAh	O
H	O
W	O
D	O
Wi-Fi	O
:	O
3G	B-Architecture
:	O
Kindle	B-General_Concept
Paperwhite	I-General_Concept
3	O
June	O
30	O
,	O
2015	O
No	O
ads:Wi-Fi	O
:	O
$1403G	O
:	O
$	O
210Ads:Wi-Fi	O
:	O
$1203G	O
:	O
$1901	O
,	O
420	O
mAh	O
H	O
W	O
D	O
Wi-Fi	O
:	O
3G	B-Architecture
:	O
Kindle	O
Oasis	O
8	O
April	O
27	O
,	O
2016	O
$289.99	O
–	O
$379.99	O
Bluetooth	B-Protocol
Amazon	B-General_Concept
Whispernet	I-General_Concept
(	O
3G	B-Architecture
model	O
only	O
)	O
,	O
802.11bgn	O
Wi-Fi	O
,	O
Bluetooth	B-Protocol
245	O
mAh	O
(	O
no	O
cover	O
)	O
1,535	O
mAh	O
(	O
with	O
cover	O
)	O
H	O
W	O
D	O
(	O
without	O
cover	O
)	O
D	O
(	O
with	O
cover	O
)	O
Wi-Fi	O
:	O
3G	B-Architecture
:	O
Cover	O
only	O
:	O
Kindle	O
8	O
June	O
22	O
,	O
2016	O
No	O
ads	O
:	O
$100Ads	O
:	O
$80	O
,	O
600	O
×	O
800	O
pixels	O
,	O
167	O
PPI	B-Algorithm
density	O
,	O
16-level	O
grayscale	O
890	O
mAh	O
H	O
W	O
D	O
Kindle	O
Oasis	O
2	O
9	O
October	O
31	O
,	O
2017	O
$249.99	O
–	O
$349.99	O
7-inch	O
,	O
1264	O
×	O
1680	O
pixels	O
,	O
300	O
PPI	B-Algorithm
density	O
,	O
16-level	O
grayscale	O
,	O
LED	O
frontlit	O
NXP	O
i.MX7D	O
1	O
GHz	O
8/6	O
GB	O
or	O
32/30	O
GB	O
1,000	O
mAh	O
H	O
W	O
D	O
IPX8	O
Kindle	B-General_Concept
Paperwhite	I-General_Concept
4	O
10	O
November	O
7	O
,	O
2018	O
$129.99	O
+	O
6-inch	O
,	O
1072	O
×	O
1448	O
pixels	O
,	O
300	O
PPI	B-Algorithm
density	O
,	O
16-level	O
grayscale	O
,	O
LED	O
frontlit	O
Freescale/NXP	O
i.MX6	O
SoloLite	O
1	O
GHz	O
1,500	O
mAh	O
H	O
W	O
D	O
Wi-Fi	O
:	O
3G	B-Architecture
:	O
Kindle	O
10	O
April	O
10	O
,	O
2019	O
No	O
ads	O
:	O
$109.99	O
Ads	O
:	O
$89.99	O
,	O
600	O
×	O
800	O
pixels	O
,	O
167	O
PPI	B-Algorithm
density	O
,	O
16-level	O
grayscale	O
,	O
LED	O
frontlit	O
8/6	O
GB	O
1,040	O
mAh	O
H	O
W	O
D	O
No	O
Kindle	O
Oasis	O
3	O
July	O
24	O
,	O
2019	O
$249.99	O
–	O
$349.99	O
7-inch	O
,	O
1264	O
×	O
1680	O
pixels	O
,	O
300	O
PPI	B-Algorithm
density	O
,	O
16-level	O
grayscale	O
,	O
LED	O
frontlit	O
NXP	O
i.MX7D	O
1	O
GHz	O
8/6	O
GB	O
or	O
32/30	O
GB	O
1,130	O
mAh	O
H	O
W	O
D	O
IPX8	O
Kindle	B-General_Concept
Paperwhite	I-General_Concept
5	O
11	O
October	O
27	O
,	O
2021	O
$139.99	O
–	O
$159.99	O
6.8-inch	O
,	O
1236	O
x	O
1648	O
pixels	O
,	O
300	O
PPI	B-Algorithm
density	O
,	O
16-level	O
grayscale	O
,	O
</s>
<s>
16	O
GB	O
USB-C	O
port	O
802.11bgn	O
Wi-Fi	O
(	O
does	O
not	O
support	O
peer-to-peer	O
or	O
ad-hoc	O
networks	O
)	O
,	O
Bluetooth	B-Protocol
(	O
enabled	O
only	O
in	O
USA/countries	O
with	O
Audible	B-Application
agreements	O
)	O
1,700	O
mAh	O
H	O
W	O
D	O
Kindle	B-General_Concept
Paperwhite	I-General_Concept
5	O
Signature	O
Edition	O
$189.99	O
32/30	O
GB	O
USB-C	O
portQi	O
charging	O
Kindle	O
11October	O
12	O
,	O
2022No	O
ads	O
:	O
$119.99	O
Ads	O
:	O
$99.996	O
-inch	O
,	O
1072	O
×	O
1448	O
pixels	O
,	O
300	O
PPI	B-Algorithm
,	O
16-level	O
grayscale	O
,	O
</s>
<s>
$419.9910.2	O
-inch	O
,	O
1860	O
x	O
2480	O
pixels	O
,	O
300	O
PPI	B-Algorithm
,	O
16-level	O
grayscale	O
,	O
LED	O
frontlitTBATBA16	O
GB	O
,	O
</s>
<s>
With	O
the	O
release	O
of	O
the	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
Paperwhite	O
in	O
2012	O
,	O
Amazon	B-Application
released	O
a	O
natural	O
leather	O
cover	O
and	O
a	O
plastic	O
back	O
that	O
is	O
form-fitted	O
for	O
the	O
device	O
that	O
weighs	O
5.6	O
ounces.The	O
Best	O
Amazon	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
Cases	O
The	O
Wire	O
Cutter	O
The	O
cover	O
closes	O
book-like	O
from	O
the	O
left	O
edge	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
cover	O
has	O
magnets	O
that	O
activate	O
the	O
sleep/wake	O
function	O
in	O
the	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
when	O
the	O
cover	O
is	O
either	O
closed	O
or	O
opened	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
subsequent	O
Amazon	B-Application
covers	O
include	O
this	O
function	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
With	O
the	O
release	O
of	O
the	O
Voyage	O
in	O
2014	O
,	O
Amazon	B-Application
released	O
two	O
covers	O
with	O
either	O
a	O
polyurethane	O
or	O
a	O
leather	O
cover	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
case	O
can	O
fold	O
into	O
a	O
stand	O
,	O
propping	O
the	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
up	O
for	O
hands-free	O
reading.The	O
Best	O
Amazon	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
Cases	O
The	O
Wire	O
Cutter	O
With	O
the	O
release	O
of	O
the	O
Paperwhite	O
4	O
in	O
2018	O
,	O
Amazon	B-Application
released	O
three	O
versions	O
of	O
its	O
cover	O
:	O
a	O
water-safe	O
fabric	O
cover	O
that	O
can	O
withstand	O
brief	O
exposure	O
to	O
water	O
,	O
a	O
standard	O
leather	O
cover	O
and	O
a	O
premium	O
leather	O
cover	O
;	O
these	O
covers	O
all	O
weigh	O
4	O
ounces	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
May	O
2016	O
,	O
Amazon	B-Application
released	O
the	O
official	O
Kindle	O
Audio	O
Adapter	O
for	O
reading	O
e-books	O
aloud	O
via	O
a	O
text-to-speech	B-Application
(	O
TTS	O
)	O
system	O
for	O
the	O
blind	O
and	O
visually	O
impaired.Chris	O
Davies	O
(	O
May	O
10	O
,	O
2016	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
accessibility	O
accessory	O
,	O
initially	O
supported	O
only	O
for	O
the	O
Paperwhite	O
3	O
and	O
Oasis	O
,	O
plugs	O
in	O
the	O
USB	B-Protocol
port	I-Protocol
and	O
connects	O
to	O
headphones	O
or	O
speakers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
an	O
alternative	O
to	O
the	O
official	O
adapter	O
,	O
a	O
generic	O
USB	B-Protocol
to	O
audio	O
converter	O
will	O
also	O
work	O
with	O
Voiceview.Voiceview	O
for	O
Kindle	O
Works	O
on	O
the	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
Oasis	O
and	O
Voyage	O
,	O
and	O
Other	O
Things	O
Amazon	B-Application
Did	O
n't	O
Tell	O
You	O
The	O
Digital	O
Reader	O
,	O
Retrieved	O
12	O
May	O
2016	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
With	O
the	O
release	O
of	O
the	O
2021	O
Paperwhite	O
Signature	O
Edition	O
,	O
Amazon	B-Application
announced	O
the	O
Wireless	O
Charging	O
Dock	O
which	O
supports	O
Qi	O
charging	O
up	O
to	O
7.5	O
W	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Kindles	O
are	O
charged	O
by	O
connecting	O
to	O
a	O
computer	O
's	O
USB	B-Protocol
port	I-Protocol
or	O
to	O
an	O
AC	O
adapter	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Users	O
needing	O
accessibility	O
due	O
to	O
impaired	O
vision	O
can	O
use	O
an	O
audio	O
adapter	O
to	O
listen	O
to	O
any	O
e-book	O
read	O
aloud	O
on	O
supported	O
Kindles	O
,	O
or	O
those	O
with	O
difficulty	O
in	O
reading	O
text	O
may	O
use	O
the	O
Amazon	B-Application
Ember	O
Bold	O
font	O
for	O
darker	O
text	O
and	O
other	O
fonts	O
may	O
too	O
have	O
bold	O
font	O
versions	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
also	O
contains	O
experimental	O
features	O
such	O
as	O
a	O
web	B-Application
browser	I-Application
that	O
uses	O
NetFront	B-Operating_System
based	O
on	O
WebKit	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
browser	B-Application
can	O
freely	O
access	O
the	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
Store	O
and	O
Wikipedia	O
on	O
3G	B-Architecture
models	O
while	O
the	O
browser	B-Application
may	O
be	O
limited	O
to	O
50	O
MB	O
of	O
data	O
per	O
month	O
to	O
websites	O
other	O
than	O
Amazon	B-Application
and	O
Wikipedia	O
,	O
Other	O
possible	O
experimental	O
features	O
,	O
depending	O
on	O
the	O
model	O
are	O
a	O
Text-to-Speech	B-Application
engine	I-Application
that	O
can	O
read	O
the	O
text	O
from	O
e-books	O
and	O
an	O
MP3	B-Application
player	O
that	O
can	O
be	O
used	O
to	O
play	O
music	O
while	O
reading	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
's	O
operating	B-General_Concept
system	I-General_Concept
updates	O
are	O
designed	O
to	O
be	O
received	O
wirelessly	O
and	O
installed	O
automatically	O
during	O
a	O
period	O
in	O
sleep	O
mode	O
in	O
which	O
Wi-Fi	O
is	O
turned	O
on	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
user	O
may	O
install	O
firmware	O
updates	O
manually	O
by	O
downloading	O
the	O
firmware	O
for	O
their	O
device	O
and	O
copying	O
the	O
file	O
to	O
the	O
device	O
's	O
root	O
directory.Amazon.com	O
Help	O
:	O
Fire	O
&	O
Kindle	O
Software	O
Updates	O
Amazon.com	B-Application
Retrieved	O
22	O
February	O
2016	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
operating	B-General_Concept
system	I-General_Concept
uses	O
the	O
Linux	B-Operating_System
kernel	I-Operating_System
with	O
a	O
Java	B-Language
app	O
for	O
reading	O
e-books.Oracle	O
Gave	O
Amazon	B-Application
a	O
Discount	O
on	O
Java	B-Language
to	O
Keep	O
Android	B-Application
Off	O
the	O
Paperwhite	O
–	O
Wait	O
,	O
What	O
?	O
</s>
<s>
Amazon	B-Application
initially	O
offered	O
a	O
Personal	O
Documents	O
Service	O
to	O
add	O
content	O
to	O
a	O
user	O
's	O
Kindle	O
which	O
only	O
worked	O
via	O
email	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Documents	O
were	O
sent	O
directly	O
to	O
the	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
via	O
WhisperSync	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Later	O
expansions	O
added	O
cloud	B-Architecture
library	O
features	O
and	O
content	O
management	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
modern	O
service	O
is	O
called	O
Send	O
to	O
Kindle	O
and	O
is	O
available	O
through	O
various	O
means	O
such	O
as	O
email	O
,	O
website	O
,	O
app	O
,	O
or	O
browser	B-Application
extension	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
allows	O
the	O
user	O
to	O
send	O
files	O
such	O
as	O
EPUB	O
,	O
PDF	B-Application
,	O
HTML	B-Language
pages	O
,	O
Microsoft	B-Application
Word	I-Application
documents	O
,	O
GIF	O
,	O
PNG	O
,	O
and	O
BMP	B-Device
graphics	O
directly	O
to	O
the	O
user	O
's	O
Kindle	O
library	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
When	O
Amazon	B-Application
receives	O
the	O
file	O
,	O
it	O
converts	O
the	O
file	O
to	O
Kindle	O
File	O
Format	O
and	O
stores	O
it	O
in	O
the	O
user	O
's	O
online	O
library	O
(	O
called	O
"	O
Your	O
Content	O
"	O
by	O
Amazon	B-Application
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Send	O
to	O
Kindle	O
service	O
's	O
personal	O
documents	O
can	O
be	O
accessed	O
by	O
all	O
Kindle	O
hardware	O
devices	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
iOS	B-Application
and	O
Android	B-Application
devices	O
using	O
the	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
app	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Sending	O
the	O
file	O
is	O
free	O
if	O
downloaded	O
using	O
Wi-Fi	O
,	O
but	O
,	O
prior	O
to	O
2021	O
,	O
cost	O
$0.15	O
per	O
MB	O
when	O
using	O
Kindle	O
's	O
former	O
3G	B-Architecture
service	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
first	O
Kindle	O
could	O
read	O
unprotected	O
Mobipocket	O
files	O
(	O
MOBI	O
,	O
PRC	O
)	O
,	O
plain	O
text	B-General_Concept
files	I-General_Concept
(	O
TXT	B-General_Concept
)	O
,	O
Topaz	O
format	O
books	O
(	O
TPZ	O
)	O
and	O
Amazon	B-Application
's	O
AZW	O
format	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
2	O
added	O
native	B-Application
PDF	I-Application
capability	O
with	O
the	O
version	O
2.3	O
firmware	O
upgrade	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
1	O
could	O
not	O
read	O
PDF	B-Application
files	I-Application
,	O
but	O
Amazon	B-Application
provides	O
experimental	O
conversion	O
to	O
the	O
native	O
AZW	O
format	O
,	O
with	O
the	O
caveat	O
that	O
not	O
all	O
PDFs	B-Application
may	O
format	O
correctly	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
2	O
added	O
the	O
ability	O
to	O
play	O
the	O
Audible	B-Application
Enhanced	O
(	O
AAX	O
)	O
format	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
2	O
can	O
also	O
display	O
HTML	B-Language
files	I-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
fourth	O
and	O
later	O
generation	O
Kindles	O
,	O
Touch	O
,	O
Paperwhite	O
(	O
all	O
generations	O
)	O
,	O
Voyage	O
and	O
Oasis	O
(	O
all	O
generations	O
)	O
can	O
display	O
AZW	O
,	O
AZW3	O
,	O
TXT	B-General_Concept
,	O
PDF	B-Application
,	O
unprotected	O
MOBI	O
,	O
and	O
PRC	O
files	O
natively	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
HTML	B-Language
,	O
DOC	O
,	O
DOCX	O
,	O
JPEG	O
,	O
GIF	O
,	O
PNG	O
,	O
and	O
BMP	B-Device
are	O
usable	O
through	O
Amazon	B-Application
's	O
conversion	O
service	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Keyboard	O
,	O
Touch	O
,	O
Oasis	O
2	O
&	O
3	O
,	O
Kindle	O
8	O
&	O
9	O
,	O
and	O
Paperwhite	O
4	O
can	O
also	O
play	O
Audible	B-Application
Enhanced	O
(	O
AA	O
,	O
AAX	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
(	O
7	O
,	O
8	O
&	O
9	O
)	O
,	O
Kindle	B-General_Concept
Paperwhite	I-General_Concept
(	O
2	O
,	O
3	O
,	O
4	O
&	O
5	O
)	O
,	O
Voyage	O
and	O
Oasis	O
(	O
1	O
,	O
2	O
&	O
3	O
)	O
can	O
display	O
KFX	O
files	O
natively	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
KFX	O
is	O
Amazon	B-Application
's	O
successor	O
to	O
the	O
AZW3	O
format	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Specialized	O
software	O
like	O
Calibre	B-Operating_System
allows	O
EPUB	O
or	O
some	O
other	O
unsupported	O
files	O
to	O
be	O
converted	O
to	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
supported	O
file	O
formats	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
late	O
April	O
2022	O
,	O
Amazon	B-Application
announced	O
that	O
Send	O
to	O
Kindle	O
will	O
support	O
EPUB	O
,	O
beginning	O
in	O
late	O
2022	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
An	O
e-book	O
may	O
be	O
downloaded	O
from	O
Amazon	B-Application
to	O
several	O
devices	O
at	O
the	O
same	O
time	O
,	O
as	O
long	O
as	O
the	O
devices	O
are	O
registered	O
to	O
the	O
same	O
Amazon	B-Application
account	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
These	O
collections	O
are	O
normally	O
set	O
and	O
organized	O
on	O
the	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
itself	O
,	O
one	O
book	O
at	O
a	O
time	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
set	O
of	O
all	O
collections	O
of	O
a	O
first	O
Kindle	O
device	O
can	O
be	O
imported	O
to	O
a	O
second	O
Kindle	O
device	O
that	O
is	O
connected	O
to	O
the	O
cloud	B-Architecture
and	O
is	O
registered	O
to	O
the	O
same	O
user	O
;	O
as	O
the	O
result	O
of	O
this	O
operation	O
,	O
the	O
documents	O
that	O
are	O
on	O
the	O
second	O
device	O
now	O
become	O
organized	O
according	O
to	O
the	O
first	O
device	O
's	O
collections	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
X-Ray	B-Library
is	O
a	O
reference	O
tool	O
that	O
is	O
incorporated	O
in	O
Kindle	O
Touch	O
and	O
later	O
devices	O
,	O
the	O
Fire	B-Application
tablets	I-Application
,	O
the	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
app	O
for	O
mobile	O
platforms	B-Device
and	O
Fire	B-Application
TV	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
X-Ray	B-Library
lets	O
users	O
explore	O
in	O
more	O
depth	O
the	O
contents	O
of	O
a	O
book	O
,	O
by	O
accessing	O
preloaded	O
files	O
with	O
relevant	O
information	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
the	O
most	O
common	O
characters	O
,	O
locations	O
,	O
themes	O
,	O
or	O
ideas	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
While	O
a	O
book	O
is	O
open	O
on	O
the	O
display	O
,	O
menu	O
options	O
allow	O
users	O
to	O
search	O
for	O
synonyms	B-Application
and	O
definitions	O
from	O
the	O
built-in	O
dictionary	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Pages	O
can	O
be	O
saved	O
as	O
a	O
"	O
clipping	O
"	O
,	O
or	O
a	O
text	B-General_Concept
file	I-General_Concept
containing	O
the	O
text	O
of	O
the	O
currently	O
displayed	O
page	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
All	O
clippings	O
are	O
appended	O
to	O
a	O
single	O
file	O
,	O
which	O
can	O
be	O
downloaded	O
over	O
a	O
USB	B-Protocol
cable	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Due	O
to	O
the	O
TXT	B-General_Concept
format	O
of	O
the	O
clippings	O
file	O
,	O
all	O
formatting	O
(	O
such	O
as	O
bold	O
,	O
italics	O
,	O
bigger	O
fonts	O
for	O
headlines	O
,	O
etc	O
.	O
)	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
July	O
18	O
,	O
2011	O
,	O
Amazon	B-Application
began	O
a	O
program	O
that	O
allows	O
college	O
students	O
to	O
rent	O
Kindle	O
textbooks	O
from	O
three	O
different	O
publishers	O
for	O
a	O
fixed	O
period	O
of	O
time.Larry	O
Dignan	O
,	O
ZDNet	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
"	O
Amazon	B-Application
launches	O
Kindle	O
textbook	O
rentals	O
.	O
"	O
</s>
<s>
Kindle	O
devices	O
may	O
report	O
information	O
about	O
their	O
users	O
 '	O
reading	O
data	O
that	O
includes	O
the	O
last	O
page	O
read	O
,	O
how	O
long	O
each	O
e-book	O
was	O
opened	O
,	O
annotations	O
,	O
bookmarks	O
,	O
notes	O
,	O
highlights	O
,	O
or	O
similar	O
markings	O
to	O
Amazon	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
stores	O
this	O
information	O
on	O
all	O
Amazon	B-Application
e-books	O
but	O
it	O
is	O
unclear	O
if	O
this	O
data	O
is	O
stored	O
for	O
non-Amazon	O
e-books	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
There	O
is	O
a	O
lack	O
of	O
e-reader	O
data	O
privacy	O
—	O
Amazon	B-Application
knows	O
the	O
user	O
's	O
identity	O
,	O
what	O
the	O
user	O
is	O
reading	O
,	O
whether	O
the	O
user	O
has	O
finished	O
the	O
book	O
,	O
what	O
page	O
the	O
user	O
is	O
on	O
,	O
how	O
long	O
the	O
user	O
has	O
spent	O
on	O
each	O
page	O
,	O
and	O
which	O
passages	O
the	O
user	O
may	O
have	O
highlighted.The	O
Fifty	O
Shades	O
of	O
Grey	O
Paradox	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Content	O
from	O
Amazon	B-Application
's	O
Kindle	O
Store	O
is	O
encoded	O
in	O
Amazon	B-Application
's	O
proprietary	O
Kindle	O
formats	O
(	O
.azw	O
,	O
.kf8	O
and	O
.kfx	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
addition	O
to	O
published	O
content	O
,	O
Kindle	O
users	O
can	O
also	O
access	O
the	O
Internet	O
using	O
the	O
experimental	O
web	B-Application
browser	I-Application
,	O
which	O
uses	O
NetFront	B-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
Users	O
can	O
use	O
the	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
Store	O
to	O
access	O
reading	O
material	O
using	O
the	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
itself	O
or	O
through	O
a	O
web	B-Application
browser	I-Application
to	O
access	O
content	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Content	O
for	O
the	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
can	O
be	O
purchased	O
online	O
and	O
downloaded	O
wirelessly	O
in	O
some	O
countries	O
,	O
using	O
either	O
standard	O
Wi-Fi	O
or	O
Amazon	B-Application
's	O
3G	B-Architecture
"	O
Whispernet	O
"	O
network	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-General_Concept
Kindles	I-General_Concept
that	O
only	O
can	O
access	O
Whispernet	O
via	O
the	O
3G	B-Architecture
network	I-Architecture
had	O
that	O
network	O
turned	O
off	O
in	O
December	O
2021	O
due	O
to	O
the	O
carriers	O
retiring	O
3G	B-Architecture
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
U.S.	O
customers	O
traveling	O
abroad	O
,	O
Amazon	B-Application
originally	O
charged	O
a	O
$1.99	O
fee	O
to	O
download	O
e-books	O
over	O
3G	B-Architecture
while	O
overseas	O
,	O
but	O
later	O
removed	O
the	O
fee	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Fees	O
remain	O
for	O
wireless	O
3G	B-Architecture
delivery	O
of	O
periodical	O
subscriptions	O
and	O
personal	O
documents	O
,	O
while	O
Wi-Fi	O
delivery	O
has	O
no	O
extra	O
charge	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
addition	O
to	O
the	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
Store	O
,	O
content	O
for	O
the	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
can	O
be	O
purchased	O
from	O
various	O
independent	O
sources	O
such	O
as	O
Fictionwise	O
and	O
Baen	O
Ebooks	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Public	O
domain	O
titles	O
are	O
also	O
obtainable	O
for	O
the	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
via	O
content	O
providers	O
such	O
as	O
Project	O
Gutenberg	O
,	O
The	O
Internet	O
Archive	O
and	O
the	O
World	O
Public	O
Library	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2011	O
,	O
the	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
Store	O
had	O
more	O
than	O
twice	O
as	O
much	O
paid	O
content	O
as	O
its	O
nearest	O
competitor	O
,	O
Barnes	O
&	O
Noble	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Public	O
libraries	O
that	O
offer	O
books	O
via	O
OverDrive	O
,	O
Inc	O
.	O
also	O
lend	O
titles	O
for	O
the	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
and	O
Kindle	O
reading	O
apps	O
in	O
the	O
US	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Books	O
are	O
checked	O
out	O
from	O
the	O
library	O
's	O
own	O
site	O
,	O
which	O
forwards	O
to	O
Amazon	B-Application
for	O
the	O
completion	O
of	O
the	O
checkout	O
process	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Amazon	B-Application
then	O
delivers	O
the	O
title	O
to	O
the	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
for	O
the	O
duration	O
of	O
the	O
loan	O
,	O
though	O
some	O
titles	O
may	O
require	O
transfer	O
via	O
a	O
USB	B-Protocol
connection	O
to	O
a	O
computer	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Amazon	B-Application
released	O
the	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
for	O
PC	O
application	B-Application
in	O
late	O
2009	O
,	O
available	O
for	O
Microsoft	B-Application
Windows	I-Application
systems	B-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
application	B-Application
allows	O
ebooks	O
from	O
Amazon	B-Application
's	O
store	O
or	O
personal	O
ebooks	O
to	O
be	O
read	O
on	O
a	O
personal	O
computer	O
,	O
with	O
no	O
Kindle	O
device	O
required	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Amazon	B-Application
released	O
a	O
Kindle	O
for	O
Mac	O
app	O
for	O
Apple	O
Macintosh	B-Device
&	O
OS	B-Operating_System
X	I-Operating_System
systems	B-General_Concept
in	O
early	O
2010	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
June	O
2010	O
,	O
Amazon	B-Application
released	O
the	B-General_Concept
Amazon	I-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
for	O
Android	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Soon	O
after	O
the	O
Android	B-Application
release	O
,	O
versions	O
for	O
the	O
Apple	O
iOS	B-Application
(	O
iPhone	B-Device
and	O
iPad	B-Device
)	O
and	O
BlackBerry	B-Application
OS	I-Application
phones	O
were	O
available	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
January	O
2011	O
,	O
Amazon	B-Application
released	O
Kindle	O
for	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
July	O
2011	O
,	O
Kindle	O
for	O
HP	B-Application
TouchPad	I-Application
(	O
running	O
webOS	B-Operating_System
)	O
was	O
released	O
in	O
the	O
U.S.	O
as	O
a	O
beta	O
version	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
August	O
2011	O
,	O
Amazon	B-Application
released	O
an	O
HTML5-based	O
webapp	B-Application
for	O
supported	O
web	B-Application
browsers	I-Application
called	O
Kindle	B-General_Concept
Cloud	I-General_Concept
Reader	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2013	O
,	O
Amazon	B-Application
has	O
expressed	O
no	O
interest	O
in	O
releasing	O
a	O
separate	O
Kindle	O
application	B-Application
for	O
Linux	B-Application
systems	B-General_Concept
;	O
the	O
Cloud	B-Architecture
Reader	O
can	O
be	O
used	O
on	O
supported	O
browsers	B-Application
in	O
Linux	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
April	O
17	O
,	O
2014	O
,	O
Samsung	O
announced	O
it	O
would	O
discontinue	O
its	O
own	O
e-book	O
store	O
effective	O
July	O
1	O
,	O
2014	O
and	O
it	O
partnered	O
with	O
Amazon	B-Application
to	O
create	O
the	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
for	O
Samsung	O
app	O
optimized	O
for	O
display	O
on	O
Samsung	B-Operating_System
Galaxy	I-Operating_System
devices	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
app	O
uses	O
Amazon	B-Application
's	O
e-book	O
store	O
and	O
it	O
includes	O
a	O
monthly	O
limited	O
selection	O
of	O
free	O
e-books	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
June	O
2016	O
,	O
Amazon	B-Application
released	O
the	O
Page	O
Flip	O
feature	O
to	O
its	O
Kindle	O
applications	O
that	O
debuted	O
on	O
its	O
e-readers	O
a	O
few	O
years	O
previously	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Concurrently	O
with	O
the	O
release	O
of	O
the	O
first	O
Kindle	O
device	O
,	O
Amazon	B-Application
launched	O
Kindle	O
Direct	O
Publishing	O
,	O
used	O
by	O
authors	O
and	O
publishers	O
to	O
independently	O
publish	O
their	O
books	O
directly	O
to	O
Kindle	O
and	O
Kindle	O
Apps	O
worldwide	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
a	O
December	O
5	O
,	O
2009	O
interview	O
with	O
The	O
New	O
York	O
Times	O
,	O
Amazon	B-Application
CEO	O
Jeff	O
Bezos	O
revealed	O
that	O
Amazon	B-Application
keeps	O
65%	O
of	O
the	O
revenue	O
from	O
all	O
e-book	O
sales	O
for	O
the	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
;	O
the	O
remaining	O
35%	O
is	O
split	O
between	O
the	O
book	O
author	O
and	O
publisher	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
After	O
numerous	O
commentators	O
observed	O
that	O
Apple	O
's	O
popular	O
App	B-Application
Store	I-Application
offers	O
70%	O
of	O
royalties	O
to	O
the	O
publisher	O
,	O
Amazon	B-Application
began	O
a	O
program	O
that	O
offers	O
70%	O
royalties	O
to	O
Kindle	O
publishers	O
who	O
agree	O
to	O
certain	O
conditions	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
January	O
21	O
,	O
2010	O
,	O
Amazon	B-Application
announced	O
the	O
release	O
of	O
its	O
Kindle	O
Development	O
Kit	O
(	O
KDK	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
KDK	O
aims	O
to	O
allow	O
developers	O
to	O
build	O
"	O
active	O
content	O
"	O
for	O
the	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
,	O
and	O
a	O
beta	O
version	O
was	O
announced	O
with	O
a	O
February	O
2010	O
release	O
date	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
number	O
of	O
companies	O
have	O
already	O
experimented	O
with	O
delivering	O
active	O
content	O
through	O
the	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
's	O
bundled	O
browser	B-Application
,	O
and	O
the	O
KDK	O
gives	O
sample	O
code	O
,	O
documentation	O
and	O
a	O
Kindle	O
Simulator	O
together	O
with	O
a	O
new	O
revenue	O
sharing	O
model	O
for	O
developers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
KDK	O
is	O
based	O
on	O
the	O
Java	B-Language
programming	I-Language
language	I-Language
's	O
Personal	O
Basis	O
Profile	O
packaged	O
Java	B-Language
APIs	I-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
,	O
the	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
store	O
offered	O
over	O
400	O
items	O
labeled	O
as	O
active	O
content	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
These	O
items	O
include	O
simple	O
applications	O
and	O
games	O
,	O
including	O
a	O
free	O
set	O
provided	O
by	O
Amazon	B-Application
Digital	O
Services	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
October	O
2014	O
,	O
Amazon	B-Application
announced	O
that	O
the	O
Voyage	O
and	O
future	O
e-readers	O
would	O
not	O
support	O
active	O
content	O
because	O
most	O
users	O
prefer	O
to	O
use	O
apps	O
on	O
their	O
smartphones	O
and	O
tablets	B-Device
,	O
but	O
the	O
Paperwhite	O
first-iteration	O
and	O
earlier	O
Kindles	O
would	O
continue	O
to	O
support	O
active	O
content.Amazon	O
Drops	O
Support	O
for	O
Kindle	O
Active	O
Content	O
From	O
the	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
Voyage	O
The	O
Digital	O
Reader	O
,	O
October	O
27	O
,	O
2014	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Specific	O
Kindle	O
device	O
sales	O
numbers	O
are	O
not	O
released	O
by	O
Amazon	B-Application
;	O
however	O
,	O
according	O
to	O
anonymous	O
inside	O
sources	O
,	O
over	O
three	O
million	O
Kindles	O
had	O
been	O
sold	O
as	O
of	O
December	O
2009	O
,	O
while	O
external	O
estimates	O
,	O
as	O
of	O
Q4-2009	O
,	O
place	O
the	O
number	O
at	O
about	O
1.5	O
million	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2010	O
,	O
Amazon	B-Application
remained	O
the	O
undisputed	O
leader	O
in	O
the	O
e-reader	O
category	O
,	O
accounting	O
for	O
59%	O
of	O
e-readers	O
shipped	O
,	O
and	O
it	O
gained	O
14	O
percentage	O
points	O
in	O
share.Mark	O
Walsh	O
,	O
mediapost.com	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
"	O
Kindle	O
,	O
Nook	B-Application
Gain	O
In	O
E-Reader	O
Race	O
.	O
"	O
</s>
<s>
According	O
to	O
an	O
International	O
Data	O
Corporation	O
(	O
IDC	O
)	O
study	O
from	O
March	O
2011	O
,	O
sales	O
for	O
all	O
e-book	O
readers	O
worldwide	O
reached	O
12.8	O
million	O
in	O
2010	O
;	O
48%	O
of	O
them	O
were	O
Kindles.Nearly	O
18	O
Million	O
Media	O
Tablets	B-Device
Shipped	O
in	O
2010	O
with	O
Apple	O
Capturing	O
83	O
percent	O
Share	O
;	O
eReader	O
Shipments	O
Quadrupled	O
to	O
More	O
Than	O
12	O
Million	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
the	O
last	O
three	O
months	O
of	O
2010	O
,	O
Amazon	B-Application
announced	O
that	O
in	O
the	O
United	O
States	O
its	O
e-book	O
sales	O
had	O
surpassed	O
sales	O
of	O
paperback	O
books	O
for	O
the	O
first	O
time	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
January	O
2011	O
,	O
Amazon	B-Application
announced	O
that	O
digital	O
books	O
were	O
outselling	O
their	O
traditional	O
print	O
counterparts	O
for	O
the	O
first	O
time	O
ever	O
on	O
its	O
site	O
,	O
with	O
an	O
average	O
of	O
115	O
Kindle	O
editions	O
being	O
sold	O
for	O
every	O
100	O
paperback	O
editions	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
December	O
2011	O
,	O
Amazon	B-Application
announced	O
that	O
customers	O
had	O
purchased	O
"	O
well	O
over	O
"	O
one	O
million	O
Kindles	O
per	O
week	O
since	O
the	O
end	O
of	O
November	O
2011	O
;	O
this	O
includes	O
all	O
available	O
Kindle	O
models	O
and	O
also	O
the	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
Fire	O
tablet.Alistair	O
Barr	O
:	O
Amazon	B-Application
touts	O
'	O
one	O
million	O
per	O
week	O
 '	O
Kindle	O
sales	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
IDC	O
estimated	O
that	O
the	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
Fire	O
sold	O
about	O
4.7	O
million	O
units	O
during	O
the	O
fourth	O
quarter	O
of	O
2011	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Pacific	O
Crest	O
estimated	O
that	O
the	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
Fire	O
models	O
sold	O
six	O
million	O
units	O
during	O
Q4	O
2012	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Morgan	O
Stanley	O
estimates	O
that	O
Amazon	B-Application
sold	O
$3.57	O
billion	O
worth	O
of	O
Kindle	O
e-readers	O
and	O
tablets	B-Device
in	O
2012	O
,	O
$4.5	O
billion	O
in	O
Kindle	O
device	O
sales	O
in	O
2013	O
and	O
$5	O
billion	O
in	O
Kindle	O
device	O
sales	O
in	O
2014	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
"	O
The	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
Classroom	O
Project	O
"	O
promotes	O
reading	O
by	O
distributing	O
donated	O
Kindles	O
to	O
schools	O
in	O
need	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
the	O
United	O
States	O
,	O
Amazon	B-Application
runs	O
their	O
own	O
program	O
,	O
'	O
Take	O
Back	O
 '	O
,	O
which	O
allows	O
owners	O
to	O
print	O
out	O
a	O
prepaid	O
shipping	O
label	O
,	O
which	O
can	O
be	O
used	O
to	O
return	O
the	O
device	O
for	O
disposal	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
July	O
17	O
,	O
2009	O
,	O
Amazon	B-Application
withdrew	O
from	O
sale	O
two	O
e-books	O
by	O
George	O
Orwell	O
,	O
Animal	O
Farm	O
and	O
Nineteen	O
Eighty-Four	O
,	O
refunding	O
the	O
purchase	O
price	O
to	O
those	O
who	O
had	O
bought	O
them	O
,	O
and	O
remotely	O
deleted	O
these	O
titles	O
from	O
purchasers	O
 '	O
devices	O
without	O
warning	O
using	O
a	O
backdoor	O
after	O
discovering	O
that	O
the	O
publisher	O
lacked	O
rights	O
to	O
publish	O
these	O
books	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
move	O
prompted	O
outcry	O
and	O
comparisons	O
to	O
Nineteen	O
Eighty-Four	O
itself	O
:	O
in	O
the	O
novel	O
,	O
books	O
,	O
magazines	O
,	O
and	O
newspapers	O
in	O
public	O
archives	O
that	O
contradict	O
the	O
ruling	O
party	O
are	O
either	O
edited	O
long	O
after	O
being	O
published	O
or	O
destroyed	O
outright	O
;	O
the	O
removed	O
materials	O
go	O
"	O
down	O
the	O
memory	B-Architecture
hole	O
"	O
,	O
the	O
nickname	O
for	O
an	O
incinerator	O
chute	O
used	O
in	O
1984	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Customers	O
and	O
commentators	O
noted	O
the	O
resemblance	O
to	O
the	O
censorship	O
in	O
the	O
novel	O
,	O
and	O
described	O
Amazon	B-Application
's	O
action	O
in	O
Orwellian	O
terms	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Ars	O
Technica	O
argued	O
that	O
the	O
deletion	O
violated	O
the	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
's	O
terms	O
of	O
service	O
,	O
which	O
stated	O
in	O
part	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
Amazon	B-Application
spokesman	O
Drew	O
Herdener	O
said	O
that	O
the	O
company	O
is	O
"	O
changing	O
our	O
systems	B-General_Concept
so	O
that	O
in	O
the	O
future	O
we	O
will	O
not	O
remove	O
books	O
from	O
customers	O
 '	O
devices	O
in	O
these	O
circumstances.	O
"	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
July	O
23	O
,	O
2009	O
,	O
Amazon	B-Application
CEO	O
Jeff	O
Bezos	O
posted	O
on	O
Amazon	B-Application
's	O
official	O
Kindle	O
forum	O
an	O
apology	O
about	O
the	O
company	O
's	O
handling	O
of	O
the	O
matter	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Bezos	O
said	O
the	O
action	O
was	O
"	O
stupid	O
"	O
,	O
and	O
that	O
the	O
executives	O
at	O
Amazon	B-Application
"	O
deserve	O
the	O
criticism	O
received	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
July	O
30	O
,	O
2009	O
,	O
Justin	O
Gawronski	O
,	O
a	O
Michigan	O
high	O
school	O
senior	O
,	O
and	O
Antoine	O
Bruguier	O
,	O
a	O
California	O
engineer	O
,	O
filed	O
suit	O
against	O
Amazon	B-Application
in	O
the	O
United	O
States	O
District	O
Court	O
for	O
the	O
Western	O
District	O
of	O
Washington	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Bruguier	O
argued	O
that	O
Amazon	B-Application
had	O
violated	O
its	O
terms	O
of	O
service	O
by	O
remotely	O
deleting	O
the	O
copy	O
of	O
Nineteen	O
Eighty-Four	O
''	O
he	O
purchased	O
,	O
in	O
the	O
process	O
preventing	O
him	O
from	O
accessing	O
annotations	O
he	O
had	O
written	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Gawronski	O
's	O
copy	O
of	O
the	O
e-book	O
was	O
also	O
deleted	O
without	O
his	O
consent	O
,	O
and	O
found	O
Amazon	B-Application
used	O
deceit	O
in	O
an	O
email	O
exchange	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
case	O
was	O
settled	O
on	O
September	O
25	O
,	O
2009	O
,	O
with	O
Amazon	B-Application
agreeing	O
to	O
pay	O
$	O
150,000	O
divided	O
between	O
the	O
two	O
plaintiffs	O
,	O
on	O
the	O
understanding	O
that	O
the	O
law	O
firm	O
representing	O
them	O
,	O
Kamber	O
Edelson	O
,	O
"	O
will	O
donate	O
its	O
portion	O
of	O
that	O
fee	O
to	O
a	O
charitable	O
organization	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
the	O
settlement	O
,	O
Amazon	B-Application
also	O
provided	O
wider	O
rights	O
to	O
Kindle	O
owners	O
over	O
its	O
e-books	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
September	O
4	O
,	O
2009	O
,	O
Amazon	B-Application
offered	O
all	O
affected	O
users	O
a	O
choice	O
of	O
restoring	O
of	O
the	O
deleted	O
e-books	O
or	O
receiving	O
an	O
Amazon	B-Application
gift	O
certificate	O
or	O
check	O
for	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
December	O
2010	O
,	O
Amazon	B-Application
removed	O
three	O
e-books	O
written	O
by	O
Selena	O
Kitt	O
,	O
along	O
with	O
works	O
by	O
several	O
other	O
self-published	O
erotic	O
fiction	O
authors	O
,	O
for	O
"	O
offensive	O
"	O
content	O
regarding	O
consensual	O
incest	O
that	O
violated	O
Amazon	B-Application
's	O
publishing	O
guidelines	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Kitt	O
stated	O
her	O
opinion	O
this	O
Amazon	B-Application
policy	O
was	O
selectively	O
applied	O
to	O
some	O
books	O
but	O
not	O
others	O
that	O
feature	O
similar	O
themes	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
what	O
Amazon	B-Application
describes	O
as	O
"	O
a	O
brief	O
period	O
of	O
time	O
"	O
,	O
the	O
books	O
were	O
unavailable	O
for	O
redownload	O
by	O
users	O
who	O
had	O
already	O
purchased	O
them	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
ability	O
was	O
restored	O
after	O
it	O
was	O
brought	O
to	O
Amazon	B-Application
's	O
attention	O
;	O
however	O
,	O
no	O
remote	O
deletion	O
took	O
place	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
October	O
2012	O
,	O
Amazon	B-Application
suspended	O
the	O
account	O
of	O
a	O
Norwegian	O
woman	O
who	O
purchased	O
her	O
Kindle	O
in	O
the	O
United	O
Kingdom	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
company	O
deleted	O
every	O
e-book	O
on	O
her	O
Kindle	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Amazon	B-Application
claimed	O
that	O
she	O
had	O
violated	O
their	O
terms	O
of	O
service	O
but	O
did	O
not	O
specify	O
what	O
she	O
had	O
done	O
wrong	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
After	O
the	O
woman	O
contacted	O
the	O
media	O
,	O
Amazon	B-Application
restored	O
her	O
account	O
and	O
her	O
purchased	O
e-books	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Computer	O
programmer	O
Richard	O
Stallman	O
criticized	O
the	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
,	O
citing	O
Kindle	O
terms	O
of	O
service	O
which	O
can	O
censor	O
users	O
,	O
which	O
require	O
the	O
user	O
's	O
identification	O
,	O
and	O
that	O
can	O
have	O
a	O
negative	O
effect	O
on	O
independent	O
book	O
distributors	O
;	O
he	O
also	O
cited	O
reported	O
restrictions	O
on	O
Kindle	O
users	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
the	O
ability	O
for	O
Amazon	B-Application
to	O
delete	O
e-books	O
and	O
update	O
software	O
without	O
the	O
users	O
 '	O
permission	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Since	O
2012	O
,	O
Amazon	B-Application
has	O
sold	O
e-books	O
in	O
China	O
and	O
later	O
began	O
selling	O
the	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
e-book	O
readers	O
from	O
2013	O
onwards	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Amazon	B-Application
had	O
also	O
announced	O
that	O
it	O
has	O
sold	O
several	O
million	O
Kindles	O
in	O
the	O
country	O
and	O
that	O
China	O
became	O
the	O
world	O
's	O
biggest	O
regional	O
market	O
for	O
the	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
in	O
2016	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Domestically	O
developed	O
e-book	O
readers	O
from	O
brands	O
like	O
Xiaomi	O
,	O
iReader	O
and	O
Onyx	O
Boox	O
also	O
offer	O
added	O
competition	O
to	O
the	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2022	O
,	O
Amazon	B-Application
announced	O
it	O
had	O
stopped	O
selling	O
its	O
Kindles	O
to	O
distributors	O
in	O
China	O
and	O
stated	O
the	O
online	O
bookstore	O
service	O
would	O
shut	O
down	O
in	O
China	O
on	O
June	O
30	O
,	O
2023	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
January	O
4	O
,	O
2022	O
,	O
a	O
Kindle	O
shortage	O
was	O
reported	O
on	O
Amazon	B-Application
's	O
JD.com	O
flagship	O
store	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Only	O
the	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
10	O
had	O
remained	O
available	O
for	O
sale	O
while	O
other	O
models	O
like	O
the	O
Paperwhite	O
,	O
Oasis	O
and	O
Kids	O
Edition	O
had	O
become	O
out	O
of	O
stock	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
the	O
same	O
day	O
,	O
It	O
was	O
announced	O
that	O
Amazon	B-Application
had	O
also	O
shut	O
its	O
Tmall	O
flagship	O
store	O
,	O
after	O
having	O
already	O
closed	O
its	O
Kindle	O
flagship	O
store	O
on	O
Taobao	O
earlier	O
in	O
October	O
2021	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
These	O
led	O
to	O
speculation	O
that	O
Amazon	B-Application
was	O
planning	O
to	O
exit	O
the	O
Chinese	O
market	O
altogether	O
,	O
although	O
an	O
official	O
Amazon	B-Application
representative	O
responded	O
that	O
they	O
remain	O
committed	O
to	O
serving	O
Chinese	O
consumers	O
and	O
they	O
can	O
continue	O
to	O
purchase	O
the	B-General_Concept
Kindle	I-General_Concept
through	O
offline	O
and	O
third-party	O
online	O
retailers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
June	O
2022	O
,	O
Amazon	B-Application
announced	O
that	O
it	O
will	O
shut	O
down	O
its	O
Kindle	O
bookstore	O
in	O
China	O
and	O
starting	O
July	O
2023	O
Kindle	O
users	O
can	O
no	O
longer	O
purchase	O
online	O
books	O
in	O
the	O
country	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Also	O
in	O
June	O
2022	O
,	O
self-published	O
authors	O
protested	O
against	O
Amazon	B-Application
's	O
e-book	O
return	O
policy	O
;	O
whenever	O
an	O
e-book	O
return	O
is	O
made	O
,	O
royalties	O
originally	O
paid	O
to	O
the	O
author	O
at	O
the	O
time	O
of	O
purchase	O
are	O
deducted	O
from	O
their	O
earnings	O
balance	O
,	O
leaving	O
authors	O
with	O
negative	O
balances	O
.	O
</s>
