<s>
Alice	B-Application
is	O
an	O
object-based	B-Application
educational	B-Language
programming	I-Language
language	I-Language
with	O
an	O
integrated	B-Application
development	I-Application
environment	I-Application
(	O
IDE	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Alice	B-Application
uses	O
a	O
drag	O
and	O
drop	O
environment	O
to	O
create	O
computer	O
animations	O
using	O
3D	O
models	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
According	O
to	O
Randy	O
Pausch	O
,	O
the	O
name	O
“	O
Alice	B-Application
”	O
comes	O
from	O
author	O
Lewis	O
Carroll	O
,	O
who	O
wrote	O
Alice	B-Application
’s	O
Adventures	O
in	O
Wonderland	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Alice	B-Application
was	O
developed	O
to	O
address	O
four	O
core	O
problems	O
in	O
educational	O
programming	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
Alice	B-Application
is	O
designed	O
solely	O
to	O
teach	O
programming	O
theory	O
without	O
the	O
complex	O
semantics	O
of	O
production	O
languages	O
such	O
as	O
C++	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
Users	O
can	O
place	O
objects	O
from	O
Alice	B-Application
's	O
gallery	O
into	O
the	O
virtual	O
world	O
that	O
they	O
have	O
imagined	O
,	O
and	O
then	O
they	O
can	O
program	O
by	O
dragging	O
and	O
dropping	O
tiles	O
that	O
represent	O
logical	O
structures	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Additionally	O
,	O
the	O
user	O
can	O
manipulate	O
Alice	B-Application
's	O
camera	O
and	O
lighting	O
to	O
make	O
further	O
enhancements	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Alice	B-Application
can	O
be	O
used	O
for	O
3D	O
user	O
interfaces	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Alice	B-Application
is	O
conjoined	O
with	O
its	O
IDE	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
it	O
supports	O
the	O
full	O
object-based	B-Application
programming	I-Application
,	O
event	B-Application
driven	I-Application
model	O
of	O
programming	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Alice	B-Application
is	O
designed	O
to	O
appeal	O
to	O
specific	O
subpopulations	O
not	O
normally	O
exposed	O
to	O
computer	O
programming	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
students	O
of	O
middle	O
school	O
age	O
,	O
by	O
encouraging	O
storytelling	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Alice	B-Application
is	O
also	O
used	O
at	O
many	O
colleges	O
and	O
universities	O
in	O
Introduction	O
to	O
Programming	O
courses	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Alice	B-Application
can	O
be	O
used	O
with	O
Netbeans	O
to	O
convert	O
the	O
Alice	B-Application
file	O
into	O
Java	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Alice	B-Application
3	O
is	O
released	O
under	O
an	O
open-source	O
license	O
allowing	O
redistribution	O
of	O
the	O
source	O
code	O
,	O
with	O
or	O
without	O
modification	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
a	O
second	O
study	O
at	O
Carnegie	O
Mellon	O
University	O
,	O
students	O
taking	O
their	O
first	O
computer	O
science	O
course	O
with	O
a	O
mediated	O
transfer	O
approach	O
that	O
transitioned	O
from	O
Alice	B-Application
3	O
to	O
Java	B-Device
scored	O
an	O
average	O
of	O
84.96	O
%	O
and	O
81.52	O
%	O
in	O
two	O
semesters	O
of	O
testing	O
this	O
approach	O
,	O
compared	O
to	O
an	O
average	O
of	O
60.8	O
%	O
before	O
the	O
mediated	O
transfer	O
approach	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
variant	O
of	O
Alice	B-Application
2.0	O
called	O
Storytelling	O
Alice	B-Application
was	O
created	O
by	O
Caitlin	O
Kelleher	O
for	O
her	O
PhD	O
dissertation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
a	O
study	O
performed	O
on	O
middle-school	O
girls	O
in	O
the	O
United	O
States	O
,	O
Storytelling	O
Alice	B-Application
appeared	O
to	O
increase	O
interest	O
compared	O
to	O
generic	O
Alice	B-Application
,	O
with	O
a	O
42%	O
increase	O
in	O
programming	O
time	O
,	O
with	O
students	O
three	O
times	O
as	O
likely	O
to	O
do	O
additional	O
work	O
on	O
their	O
projects	O
,	O
with	O
no	O
reduction	O
in	O
basic	O
programming	O
concepts	O
learned	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Storytelling	O
Alice	B-Application
was	O
succeeded	O
by	O
the	O
interactive	O
storytelling	O
application	O
Looking	O
Glass	O
,	O
developed	O
at	O
Washington	O
University	O
in	O
St.	O
Louis	O
.	O
</s>
