<s>
Algorism	B-Algorithm
is	O
the	O
technique	O
of	O
performing	O
basic	O
arithmetic	O
by	O
writing	O
numbers	O
in	O
place	O
value	O
form	O
and	O
applying	O
a	O
set	O
of	O
memorized	O
rules	O
and	O
facts	O
to	O
the	O
digits	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
One	O
who	O
practices	O
algorism	B-Algorithm
is	O
known	O
as	O
an	O
algorist	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
positional	O
notation	O
system	O
has	O
largely	O
superseded	O
earlier	O
calculation	O
systems	O
that	O
used	O
a	O
different	O
set	O
of	O
symbols	O
for	O
each	O
numerical	O
magnitude	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
Roman	O
numerals	O
,	O
and	O
in	O
some	O
cases	O
required	O
a	O
device	O
such	O
as	O
an	O
abacus	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
word	O
algorism	B-Algorithm
comes	O
from	O
the	O
name	O
Al-Khwārizmī	O
(	O
c	O
.	O
780	O
–	O
850	O
)	O
,	O
a	O
Persian	O
mathematician	O
,	O
astronomer	O
,	O
geographer	O
and	O
scholar	O
in	O
the	O
House	O
of	O
Wisdom	O
in	O
Baghdad	O
,	O
whose	O
name	O
means	O
"	O
the	O
native	O
of	O
Khwarezm	O
"	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
now	O
in	O
modern-day	O
Uzbekistan	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
late	O
medieval	O
Latin	O
,	O
algorismus	O
,	O
the	O
corruption	O
of	O
his	O
name	O
,	O
simply	O
meant	O
the	O
"	O
decimal	O
number	O
system	O
"	O
that	O
is	O
still	O
the	O
meaning	O
of	O
modern	O
English	O
algorism	B-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
word	O
algorithm	O
also	O
derives	O
from	O
algorism	B-Algorithm
,	O
a	O
generalization	O
of	O
the	O
meaning	O
to	O
any	O
set	O
of	O
rules	O
specifying	O
a	O
computational	O
procedure	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Occasionally	O
algorism	B-Algorithm
is	O
also	O
used	O
in	O
this	O
generalized	O
meaning	O
,	O
especially	O
in	O
older	O
texts	O
.	O
</s>
