<s>
Algodoo	B-Application
(	O
)	O
is	O
a	O
physics-based	O
2D	O
sandbox	O
freeware	B-License
from	O
Algoryx	O
Simulation	O
AB	O
(	O
known	O
simply	O
as	O
Algoryx	O
)	O
as	O
the	O
successor	O
to	O
the	O
popular	O
physics	O
application	O
Phun	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
software	O
is	O
functional	O
with	O
desktop	O
and	O
laptop	O
computers	O
,	O
touch	B-Device
screen	I-Device
tablets	I-Device
,	O
and	O
interactive	B-Application
white	I-Application
board	I-Application
systems	I-Application
such	O
as	O
SMART	O
Boards	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
physics	O
engine	O
in	O
Algodoo	B-Application
utilizes	O
the	O
SPOOK	O
linear	O
constraint	O
solver	O
by	O
Claude	O
Lacoursière	O
and	O
a	O
modified	O
version	O
of	O
Smoothed-Particle	B-Application
Hydrodynamics	I-Application
(	O
SPH	O
)	O
computational	O
method	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Algodoo	B-Application
has	O
remained	O
as	O
a	O
popular	O
choice	O
from	O
websites	O
like	O
List	O
Of	O
Freeware	B-License
and	O
Download	O
Cloud	O
for	O
a	O
physics	O
sandbox	O
program	O
due	O
to	O
its	O
complexity	O
,	O
simple	O
GUI	B-Application
and	O
free	O
price	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
project	O
was	O
released	O
for	O
public	O
and	O
non-commercial	O
use	O
under	O
the	O
name	O
"	O
Phun	B-Application
"	O
and	O
gained	O
considerable	O
attention	O
after	O
a	O
clip	O
of	O
Ernerfeldt	O
using	O
the	O
software	O
went	O
viral	O
on	O
YouTube	B-General_Concept
.	I-General_Concept
</s>
<s>
In	O
May	O
2008	O
,	O
Ernerfeldt	O
brought	O
the	O
Phun	B-Application
project	O
to	O
Algoryx	O
Simulation	O
AB	O
,	O
a	O
company	O
founded	O
in	O
2007	O
by	O
Ernerfeldt	O
's	O
former	O
supervisor	O
at	O
Umeå	O
University	O
,	O
Kenneth	O
Bodin	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2009	O
,	O
Phun	B-Application
was	O
rereleased	O
under	O
the	O
name	O
"	O
Algodoo	B-Application
"	O
(	O
a	O
combination	O
of	O
the	O
words	O
algorithm	O
and	O
do	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
name	O
change	O
was	O
motivated	O
by	O
the	O
fact	O
that	O
the	O
word	O
"	O
phun	B-Application
"	O
is	O
used	O
by	O
many	O
sites	O
deemed	O
inappropriate	O
for	O
younger	O
users	O
and	O
the	O
fact	O
that	O
trademarking	O
"	O
phun	B-Application
"	O
was	O
nearly	O
impossible	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
October	O
2011	O
,	O
Algoryx	O
released	O
two	O
new	O
versions	O
:	O
Algodoo	B-Application
for	O
Education	O
and	O
Algodoo	B-Application
2.0.0	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
February	O
2017	O
,	O
Algodoo	B-Application
for	O
iPad	O
was	O
updated	O
to	O
version	O
2.1.2	O
to	O
maintain	O
functionality	O
with	O
iOS	O
10	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Algodoo	B-Application
's	O
graphical	B-Application
user	I-Application
interface	I-Application
(	O
GUI	B-Application
)	O
incorporates	O
several	O
moveable	O
toolbars	O
generated	O
around	O
the	O
edges	O
of	O
the	O
screen	O
including	O
the	O
top	O
menu	O
toolbar	O
,	O
the	O
browser	O
toolbar	O
,	O
the	O
(	O
general	O
)	O
toolbar	O
,	O
the	O
tool	O
options	O
toolbar	O
,	O
the	O
simulation	O
controls/environment	O
toolbar	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
properties	O
toolbar	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
drop	O
down	O
menu	O
(	O
accessed	O
by	O
double	O
clicking	O
or	O
right	O
clicking	O
an	O
object	O
)	O
includes	O
several	O
tools	O
for	O
liquifying	O
,	O
turning	O
into	O
sponges	O
,	O
cloning	O
,	O
and	O
mirroring	O
objects	O
;	O
for	O
generating	O
plots	O
of	O
physics-relevant	O
quantities	O
of	O
the	O
object	O
(	O
such	O
as	O
velocity	O
vs.	O
time	O
or	O
y-position	O
vs.	O
x-position	O
)	O
;	O
for	O
selecting	O
objects	O
;	O
for	O
changing	O
the	O
appearance	O
of	O
objects	O
(	O
including	O
the	O
option	O
to	O
toggle	O
the	O
presence	O
of	O
velocity	O
,	O
momentum	B-Algorithm
,	O
and	O
force	O
vectors	O
)	O
;	O
for	O
assigning	O
text	O
to	O
an	O
object	O
;	O
for	O
changing	O
the	O
simulated	O
material	O
of	O
the	O
object	O
(	O
including	O
such	O
parameters	O
as	O
density	O
,	O
mass	O
,	O
friction	O
,	O
restitution	O
,	O
and	O
attraction	O
)	O
;	O
for	O
assigning	O
and	O
changing	O
an	O
object	O
's	O
velocity	O
;	O
for	O
a	O
list	O
of	O
the	O
information	O
about	O
an	O
object	O
(	O
including	O
the	O
area	O
,	O
mass	O
,	O
moment	O
of	O
inertia	O
,	O
position	O
,	O
velocity	O
,	O
angular	O
velocity	O
,	O
momentum	B-Algorithm
,	O
angular	O
momentum	B-Algorithm
,	O
energy	O
(	O
total	O
)	O
,	O
kinetic	O
linear	O
energy	O
,	O
kinetic	O
angular	O
energy	O
,	O
potential	O
energy	O
(	O
gravity	O
)	O
,	O
potential	O
energy	O
(	O
attraction	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
potential	O
energy	O
(	O
spring	O
)	O
)	O
;	O
for	O
assigning	O
objects	O
to	O
various	O
collision	O
layers	O
;	O
for	O
performing	O
"	O
geometry	O
actions	O
"	O
(	O
such	O
as	O
gluing	O
objects	O
to	O
the	O
background	O
,	O
adding	O
center	O
axles	O
,	O
adding	O
center	O
thrusters	O
,	O
attaching	O
tracers	O
,	O
attaching	O
gears	O
,	O
or	O
transforming	O
the	O
object	O
into	O
a	O
circle	O
)	O
;	O
for	O
editing	O
objects	O
via	O
constructive	O
solid	O
geometry	O
(	O
CSG	O
)	O
;	O
for	O
assigning	O
keystrokes	O
for	O
controlling	O
the	O
object	O
;	O
and	O
for	O
opening	O
a	O
script	O
menu	O
for	O
that	O
selected	O
object(s )	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
User-created	O
simulations	O
in	O
Algodoo	B-Application
are	O
referred	O
to	O
as	O
scenes	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
easily	O
accessible	O
tools	O
in	O
Algodoo	B-Application
allow	O
new	O
users	O
to	O
quickly	O
create	O
simple	O
things	O
like	O
cars	O
or	O
basic	O
machines	O
,	O
while	O
still	O
allowing	O
more	O
experienced	O
users	O
to	O
make	O
more	O
complex	O
constructions	O
like	O
intricate	O
Rube	O
Goldberg	O
machines	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Although	O
Algodoo	B-Application
's	O
GUI	B-Application
is	O
essentially	O
the	O
same	O
as	O
in	O
Phun	B-Application
,	O
many	O
significant	O
changes	O
were	O
made	O
in	O
the	O
available	O
functionality	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
inclusion	O
of	O
the	O
optics	O
modeling	O
engine	O
granted	O
much	O
more	O
freedom	O
in	O
terms	O
of	O
using	O
Algodoo	B-Application
's	O
scripting	O
language	O
,	O
Thyme	O
,	O
as	O
users	O
were	O
thereafter	O
able	O
to	O
initiate	O
events	O
by	O
hitting	O
an	O
object	O
with	O
a	O
stream	O
of	O
laser	O
light	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2011	O
,	O
a	O
computer	O
science	O
masters	O
student	O
at	O
Umeå	O
University	O
,	O
Emanuel	O
Dahlberg	O
,	O
completed	O
his	O
thesis	O
on	O
using	O
the	O
2D	O
mechanics	O
in	O
Algodoo	B-Application
to	O
model	O
electricity	O
for	O
the	O
purposes	O
of	O
education	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Several	O
projects	O
have	O
since	O
been	O
published	O
exploring	O
how	O
teachers	O
can	O
use	O
Algodoo	B-Application
to	O
help	O
students	O
learn	O
about	O
perpetual	O
motion	O
machines	O
,	O
the	O
buoyant	O
force	O
,	O
Archimedes	O
 '	O
principle	O
,	O
Newton	O
's	O
cradles	O
,	O
rolling	O
motion	O
,	O
oblique	O
projectile	O
motion	O
,	O
light	O
refraction	O
,	O
and	O
even	O
Kepler	O
's	O
laws	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Many	O
of	O
these	O
studies	O
highlight	O
how	O
Algodoo	B-Application
provides	O
students	O
with	O
a	O
unique	O
environment	O
to	O
learn	O
physics	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
One	O
paper	O
claims	O
that	O
allowing	O
students	O
to	O
explore	O
physics	O
concepts	O
in	O
Algodoo	B-Application
motivates	O
them	O
to	O
engage	O
creatively	O
in	O
the	O
classroom	O
while	O
"	O
serving	O
as	O
a	O
first	O
step	O
into	O
the	O
world	O
of	O
computing	O
modeling	O
in	O
physics	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Algodoo	B-Application
is	O
largely	O
based	O
upon	O
a	O
constructionist	O
learning	O
paradigm	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Outside	O
of	O
physics	O
education	O
,	O
Algodoo	B-Application
has	O
been	O
used	O
as	O
a	O
stepping	O
stone	O
for	O
testing	O
machines	O
in	O
a	O
simulation	O
before	O
building	O
them	O
in	O
the	O
real	O
world	O
due	O
to	O
its	O
simple	O
user	O
interface	O
and	O
quick	O
learning	O
curve	O
compared	O
to	O
other	O
physics	O
simulators	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
According	O
to	O
Hackaday	O
,	O
"[Sarah]	O
turned	O
to	O
Algodoo	B-Application
,	O
a	O
physics	O
simulation	O
where	O
anyone	O
can	O
put	O
shafts	O
on	O
rotating	O
hubs	O
,	O
spin	O
everything	O
up	O
,	O
and	O
see	O
what	O
happens.	O
"	O
</s>
<s>
Originally	O
,	O
the	O
upload	O
system	O
for	O
Phun	B-Application
was	O
hosted	O
by	O
a	O
small	O
website	O
at	O
the	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
After	O
several	O
more	O
changes	O
to	O
the	O
upload	O
system	O
,	O
the	O
directory	O
was	O
finally	O
moved	O
to	O
the	O
Algodoo	B-Application
website	O
under	O
the	O
name	O
Doobox	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Users	O
of	O
Algodoo	B-Application
can	O
share	O
the	O
scenes	O
they	O
create	O
via	O
Algobox	O
;	O
the	O
platform	O
currently	O
houses	O
over	O
200,000	O
unique	O
user-created	O
scenes	O
and	O
is	O
continuing	O
to	O
rise	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Due	O
to	O
the	O
decrease	O
in	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
recent	O
updates	O
and	O
Algodoo	B-Application
becoming	O
free	O
in	O
2013	O
,	O
many	O
users	O
have	O
assumed	O
that	O
Algodoo	B-Application
is	O
discontinued	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
During	O
this	O
time	O
,	O
there	O
has	O
been	O
a	O
rise	O
of	O
marble	O
races	O
,	O
algothons	O
(	O
which	O
is	O
a	O
portmanteau	O
of	O
Algodoo	B-Application
and	O
-athlon	O
)	O
,	O
camps	O
(	O
where	O
a	O
bunch	O
of	O
people	O
sign	O
up	O
and	O
complete	O
challenges	O
to	O
win	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
"	O
whodunnit	O
"	O
scenes	O
.	O
</s>
