<s>
Connection	O
is	O
via	O
a	O
local	B-General_Concept
area	I-General_Concept
network	I-General_Concept
(	O
often	O
via	O
Wi-Fi	O
)	O
,	O
either	O
directly	O
to	O
AirPrint-compatible	O
printers	O
,	O
or	O
to	O
non-compatible	O
shared	O
printers	O
by	O
way	O
of	O
a	O
computer	O
running	O
Microsoft	B-Application
Windows	I-Application
,	O
Linux	B-Application
,	O
or	O
macOS	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Following	O
the	O
iPad	B-Device
's	O
introduction	O
in	O
2010	O
,	O
user	O
concerns	O
were	O
raised	O
about	O
the	O
product	O
's	O
inability	O
to	O
print	O
,	O
at	O
least	O
through	O
a	O
supported	O
Apple	O
solution	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
AirPrint	B-Operating_System
's	O
Fall	O
2010	O
introduction	O
,	O
as	O
part	O
of	O
iOS	B-Application
4.2	O
,	O
gave	O
iPhones	B-Device
and	O
iPads	B-Device
printing	O
capability	O
for	O
the	O
first	O
time	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
AirPrint	B-Operating_System
for	O
Mac	O
computers	O
was	O
introduced	O
in	O
the	O
Mac	B-Application
OS	I-Application
X	I-Application
Lion	I-Application
release	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
At	O
launch	O
,	O
twelve	O
printers	O
were	O
AirPrint	B-Operating_System
compatible	O
,	O
all	O
of	O
them	O
from	O
the	O
HP	B-Device
Photosmart	I-Device
Plus	O
e-All-in-One	O
series	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
AirPrint	B-Operating_System
was	O
originally	O
intended	O
for	O
iOS	B-Application
devices	O
and	O
connected	O
via	O
a	O
Wi-Fi	O
network	O
only	O
,	O
and	O
thus	O
required	O
a	O
Wi-Fi	O
access	O
point	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
with	O
the	O
introduction	O
of	O
AirPrint	B-Operating_System
to	O
the	O
macOS	B-Application
desktop	O
platform	O
in	O
2012	O
,	O
Macs	O
connected	O
to	O
the	O
network	O
via	O
Ethernet	O
connection	O
could	O
also	O
print	O
using	O
the	O
AirPrint	B-Operating_System
protocol	O
—	O
not	O
just	O
those	O
connected	O
via	O
Wi-Fi	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Direct	O
Wi-Fi	O
connection	O
between	O
the	O
device	O
and	O
the	O
printer	O
is	O
not	O
supported	O
by	O
default	O
,	O
but	O
has	O
appeared	O
as	O
the	O
'	O
HP	O
ePrint	O
Wireless	O
Direct	O
AirPrint	B-Operating_System
 '	O
feature	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
number	O
of	O
software	O
solutions	O
allow	O
for	O
non-AirPrint	O
printers	O
to	O
be	O
used	O
with	O
iOS	B-Application
devices	O
,	O
by	O
configuring	O
support	O
on	O
an	O
intermediary	O
system	O
accessible	O
via	O
Wi-Fi	O
,	O
connected	O
to	O
the	O
printer	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Since	O
AirPrint	B-Operating_System
is	O
driverless	O
,	O
such	O
a	O
configuration	O
compensates	O
for	O
the	O
printer	O
's	O
lack	O
of	O
native	O
AirPrint	B-Operating_System
support	O
by	O
using	O
the	O
drivers	O
on	O
the	O
intermediary	O
system	O
instead	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
simplest	O
solution	O
for	O
all	O
platforms	O
is	O
to	O
create	O
a	O
new	O
Bonjour	B-Application
service	O
that	O
tricks	O
iOS	B-Application
clients	O
into	O
believing	O
they	O
're	O
talking	O
to	O
an	O
AirPrint	B-Operating_System
device	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Many	O
blog	O
posts	O
and	O
commercial	O
software	O
products	O
exist	O
to	O
accomplish	O
this	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
open-source	B-License
solutions	O
in	O
Linux	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
works	O
in	O
many	O
cases	O
because	O
AirPrint	B-Operating_System
is	O
an	O
extension	O
of	O
the	O
Internet	B-Protocol
Printing	I-Protocol
Protocol	I-Protocol
(	O
IPP	O
)	O
,	O
which	O
many	O
printers	O
already	O
support	O
either	O
directly	O
,	O
or	O
as	O
a	O
result	O
of	O
being	O
shared	O
through	O
an	O
intermediary	O
system	O
(	O
typically	O
CUPS	O
,	O
the	O
Mac/Linux	O
printing	O
system	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
approach	O
is	O
limited	O
however	O
,	O
as	O
the	O
AirPrint-specific	O
components	O
of	O
the	O
protocol	O
are	O
missing	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
software	O
packages	O
address	O
this	O
completely	O
by	O
translating	O
between	O
the	O
two	O
dialects	O
of	O
IPP	O
,	O
avoiding	O
compatibility	O
issues	O
,	O
while	O
most	O
just	O
re-share	O
printers	O
using	O
the	O
AirPrint	B-Operating_System
service	O
name	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
Microsoft	B-Application
Windows	I-Application
,	O
there	O
are	O
free	O
and	O
paid	O
solutions	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
macOS	B-Application
,	O
a	O
Bonjour	B-Application
service	O
exists	O
that	O
enables	O
AirPrint	B-Operating_System
support	O
for	O
non-AirPrint	O
printers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Commercial	O
macOS	B-Application
software	O
for	O
this	O
purpose	O
includes	O
Netputing	O
and	O
Ecamm	O
Printopia	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
most	O
Linux	B-Application
distributions	O
,	O
AirPrint	B-Operating_System
support	O
should	O
be	O
automatic	O
with	O
the	O
CUPS	O
default	O
printing	O
subsystem	O
since	O
version	O
1.4.6	O
,	O
which	O
has	O
been	O
released	O
on	O
January	O
6	O
,	O
2011	O
(	O
e.g.	O
</s>
<s>
in	O
Ubuntu	B-Operating_System
11.04	O
and	O
later	O
or	O
in	O
Fedora	O
15	O
and	O
later	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
CUPS	O
servers	O
before	O
version	O
1.4.6	O
with	O
DNS	B-Protocol
based	O
Service	O
Discovery	O
can	O
also	O
be	O
configured	O
manually	O
,	O
by	O
adding	O
DNS-SD	O
printer	O
service	O
discovery	O
records	O
to	O
a	O
name	O
server	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
There	O
are	O
a	O
number	O
of	O
third	O
party	O
solutions	O
,	O
available	O
on	O
the	O
Apple	B-Application
App	I-Application
Store	I-Application
and	O
elsewhere	O
,	O
that	O
allow	O
printing	O
to	O
non-AirPrint	O
printers	O
directly	O
or	O
via	O
an	O
application	O
helper	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Netgear	O
Genie	O
,	O
for	O
both	O
Mac	B-Application
OS	I-Application
X	O
10.6	O
or	O
above	O
and	O
Windows	B-Application
XP	I-Application
,	O
Vista	B-Application
,	O
7	B-Device
and	O
8	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Genie	O
permits	O
any	O
shared	O
,	O
network	O
attached	O
printer	O
to	O
be	O
made	O
accessible	O
via	O
AirPrint	B-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
Printopia	O
Pro	O
is	O
a	O
commercial	O
solution	O
designed	O
to	O
allow	O
AirPrint	B-Operating_System
to	O
work	O
on	O
large	O
business	O
and	O
education	O
networks	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
offers	O
features	O
useful	O
to	O
large	O
organizations	O
including	O
centralized	O
management	O
,	O
directory	O
integration	O
,	O
and	O
allows	O
AirPrint	B-Operating_System
to	O
operate	O
across	O
subnets	B-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
requires	O
a	O
server	O
running	O
Mac	B-Application
OS	I-Application
X	I-Application
10.7	I-Application
or	O
later	O
,	O
and	O
one	O
server	O
can	O
potentially	O
serve	O
an	O
entire	O
organization	O
.	O
</s>
