<s>
Adwaita	B-Language
is	O
the	O
design	O
language	O
of	O
the	O
GNOME	B-Application
desktop	I-Application
environment	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
an	O
implementation	O
,	O
it	O
exists	O
as	O
the	O
default	O
theme	B-Application
and	O
icon	O
set	O
of	O
the	O
GNOME	B-Language
Shell	I-Language
and	O
Phosh	B-Language
,	O
and	O
as	O
widgets	O
for	O
applications	B-Application
targeting	O
usage	O
in	O
GNOME	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Adwaita	B-Language
first	O
appeared	O
in	O
2011	O
with	O
the	O
release	O
of	O
GNOME	B-Application
3.0	O
as	O
a	O
replacement	O
for	O
the	O
design	O
principles	O
used	O
in	O
Clearlooks	B-Application
,	O
and	O
with	O
incremental	O
modernization	O
and	O
refinements	O
,	O
continues	O
with	O
current	O
version	O
releases	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Until	O
2021	O
,	O
Adwaita	B-Language
's	O
theme	B-Application
was	O
included	O
as	O
a	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
GTK	B-Application
widget	B-Library
toolkit	I-Library
,	O
but	O
in	O
an	O
effort	O
to	O
further	O
increase	O
independence	O
and	O
divergent	O
release	O
schedules	O
of	O
GTK	B-Application
from	O
that	O
of	O
GNOME	B-Application
,	O
it	O
has	O
since	O
been	O
migrated	O
to	O
libadwaita	B-Language
,	O
which	O
as	O
an	O
overall	O
project	O
,	O
serves	O
to	O
extend	O
GTK	B-Application
's	O
base	O
widgets	O
with	O
those	O
specifically	O
conforming	O
to	O
the	O
GNOME	B-Application
human	B-Application
interface	I-Application
guidelines	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Prior	O
to	O
version	O
3.0	O
,	O
the	O
GNOME	B-Application
desktop	I-Application
environment	I-Application
utilized	O
the	O
Clearlooks	B-Application
theme	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
October	O
2008	O
,	O
designers	O
and	O
developers	O
met	O
at	O
the	O
GNOME	B-Application
User	O
Experience	O
Hackfest	O
in	O
Boston	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
During	O
this	O
event	O
,	O
the	O
concept	O
of	O
a	O
GNOME	B-Language
Shell	I-Language
was	O
conceived	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
very	O
early	O
mockups	O
were	O
produced	O
that	O
entertained	O
the	O
possibility	O
of	O
differing	O
design	O
from	O
the	O
previous	O
incarnation	O
of	O
GNOME	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Red	O
Hat	O
designers	O
Jon	O
McCann	O
and	O
Jeremy	O
Perry	O
authored	O
a	O
document	O
,	O
drawn	O
from	O
a	O
broad	O
consensus	O
of	O
collaborative	O
effort	O
,	O
that	O
aimed	O
to	O
set	O
standards	O
and	O
direction	O
for	O
GNOME	B-Application
's	O
design	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
February	O
2010	O
,	O
GNOME	B-Application
designers	O
met	O
again	O
,	O
and	O
produced	O
several	O
more	O
publicly-available	O
mockups	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
was	O
officially	O
added	O
to	O
GNOME	B-Language
Shell	I-Language
in	O
February	O
2011	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
GNOME	B-Application
Project	O
agreed	O
to	O
maintain	O
and	O
extend	O
the	O
font	O
as	O
needed	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
January	O
19	O
,	O
2011	O
,	O
Carlos	O
Garnacho	O
announced	O
his	O
completion	O
of	O
a	O
tangible	O
GTK	B-Application
theme	B-Application
implementation	O
of	O
Adwaita	B-Language
that	O
could	O
then	O
be	O
utilized	O
by	O
GNOME	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
first	O
major	O
Linux	B-Application
distribution	I-Application
to	O
ship	O
with	O
GNOME	B-Application
3.0	O
and	O
Adwaita	B-Language
as	O
a	O
default	O
was	O
Fedora	O
Linux	B-Application
when	O
it	O
released	O
version	O
15	O
on	O
May	O
24	O
,	O
2011	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
When	O
Purism	O
began	O
development	O
work	O
on	O
its	O
Librem	B-Application
5	I-Application
smartphone	O
in	O
2017	O
,	O
it	O
needed	O
adaptive	B-Application
,	O
mobile-friendly	O
components	O
to	O
be	O
implemented	O
into	O
PureOS	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
Purism	O
then	O
began	O
both	O
design	O
and	O
technical	O
implementation	O
into	O
a	O
project	O
that	O
became	O
known	O
as	O
"	O
Handy	O
"	O
,	O
which	O
focused	O
around	O
a	O
library	B-Library
known	O
as	O
"	O
libhandy	O
"	O
that	O
extended	O
GTK	B-Application
widgets	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Marking	O
a	O
major	O
shift	O
from	O
Adwaita	B-Language
as	O
a	O
theme	B-Application
and	O
icon	O
set	O
into	O
its	O
broader	O
focus	O
as	O
a	O
design	O
language	O
,	O
the	O
libadwaita	B-Language
project	O
was	O
created	O
to	O
further	O
develop	O
Adwaita	B-Language
as	O
a	O
more	O
closely-adherent	O
component	O
of	O
the	O
GNOME	B-Application
Human	B-Application
Interface	I-Application
Guidelines	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
previous	O
libhandy	O
project	O
was	O
used	O
as	O
the	O
basis	O
for	O
libadwaita	B-Language
,	O
but	O
was	O
now	O
able	O
to	O
be	O
extended	O
beyond	O
a	O
mobile	O
interface	O
context	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Due	O
to	O
GTK	B-Application
's	O
strong	O
ties	O
with	O
GNOME	B-Application
,	O
Adwaita	B-Language
's	O
theme	B-Application
had	O
replaced	O
"	O
Raleigh	O
"	O
as	O
the	O
default	O
GTK	B-Application
theme	B-Application
in	O
2014	O
;	O
however	O
,	O
in	O
preparation	O
for	O
the	O
release	O
of	O
libadwaita	B-Language
,	O
the	O
theme	B-Application
was	O
removed	O
from	O
GTK	B-Application
in	O
favor	O
of	O
a	O
divergent	O
,	O
simpler	O
one	O
on	O
January	O
14	O
,	O
2021	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
clear	O
demarcation	O
allowed	O
for	O
both	O
GNOME	B-Application
,	O
with	O
its	O
own	O
design	O
needs	O
,	O
and	O
GTK	B-Application
,	O
with	O
its	O
need	O
for	O
a	O
simple	O
theme	B-Application
that	O
could	O
be	O
extended	O
by	O
downstream	B-General_Concept
projects	O
,	O
to	O
simultaneously	O
prosper	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Libadwaita	B-Language
first	O
shipped	O
with	O
the	O
release	O
of	O
GNOME	B-Application
41	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Adwaita	B-Language
's	O
color	O
palette	O
is	O
used	O
in	O
design	O
of	O
application	O
icons	O
and	O
in	O
illustrations	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
naming	O
convention	O
extends	O
into	O
the	O
applied	O
concept	O
of	O
user	B-Application
interface	I-Application
styles	O
,	O
where	O
users	O
can	O
choose	O
a	O
base	O
style	O
for	O
on-screen	O
widget	O
components	O
that	O
creates	O
a	O
light	O
or	O
dark	O
overall	O
look	O
and	O
feel	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Adwaita	B-Language
uses	O
the	O
contemporary	O
humanist	O
sans-serif	O
Cantarell	O
typeface	O
that	O
was	O
designed	O
by	O
Dave	O
Crossland	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Corresponding	O
with	O
the	O
3.28	O
version	O
release	O
of	O
GNOME	B-Application
in	O
2018	O
,	O
Cantarell	O
was	O
expanded	O
to	O
include	O
light	O
and	O
extra	O
bold	O
weights	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Cantarell	O
family	O
does	O
not	O
contain	O
a	O
monospaced	O
font	O
,	O
and	O
Adwaita	B-Language
does	O
not	O
specify	O
an	O
alternative	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Oftentimes	O
,	O
where	O
a	O
monospaced	O
font	O
is	O
beneficial	O
,	O
GNOME	B-Application
calls	O
for	O
simply	O
using	O
a	O
monospaced	O
style	O
that	O
is	O
chosen	O
by	O
the	O
operating	O
system	O
shipping	O
GNOME	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Adwaita	B-Language
defines	O
two	O
separate	O
style	O
classes	O
of	O
icons	O
that	O
are	O
meant	O
to	O
differentiate	O
between	O
concepts	O
used	O
for	O
applications	B-Application
and	O
user	B-Application
interfaces	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Whereas	O
applications	B-Application
use	O
full-color	O
in	O
their	O
primary	O
icons	O
,	O
"	O
symbolic	O
"	O
icons	O
,	O
monochromatic	O
by	O
design	O
,	O
are	O
meant	O
for	O
user	B-Application
interfaces	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Each	O
app	O
targeted	O
for	O
GNOME	B-Application
should	O
have	O
a	O
primary	O
icon	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
GNOME	B-Application
Human	B-Application
Interface	I-Application
Guidelines	I-Application
prescribe	O
that	O
an	O
app	O
's	O
icon	O
should	O
correspond	O
to	O
a	O
simple	O
,	O
recognizable	O
metaphor	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
user	B-Application
interfaces	I-Application
,	O
even	O
simpler	O
,	O
monochromatic	O
icons	O
that	O
work	O
well	O
when	O
viewed	O
at	O
small	O
sizes	O
are	O
used	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
canonical	O
implementation	O
of	O
Adwaita	B-Language
for	O
application	O
programming	O
is	O
in	O
the	O
libadwaita	B-Language
project	O
,	O
which	O
provides	O
a	O
library	B-Library
,	O
that	O
extends	O
the	O
GTK	B-Application
widget	B-Library
toolkit	I-Library
in	O
a	O
manner	O
conformant	O
with	O
the	O
GNOME	B-Application
Human	B-Application
Interface	I-Application
Guidelines	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
original	O
basis	O
for	O
libadwaita	B-Language
was	O
the	O
libhandy	O
library	B-Library
that	O
was	O
developed	O
by	O
Purism	O
in	O
order	O
to	O
have	O
GTK	B-Application
widgets	O
that	O
could	O
be	O
used	O
for	O
in	O
a	O
mobile-first	O
,	O
desktop	O
convergent	O
hardware	O
system	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
this	O
reason	O
,	O
Purism	O
continues	O
to	O
maintain	O
and	O
serve	O
as	O
primary	O
developers	O
of	O
libadwaita	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
GNOME	B-Language
Shell	I-Language
was	O
the	O
primary	O
vehicle	O
for	O
the	O
original	O
development	O
of	O
Adwaita	B-Language
's	O
theme	B-Application
and	O
icons	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Similarly	O
,	O
Phosh	B-Language
,	O
Purism	O
's	O
mobile	O
shell	O
,	O
serves	O
in	O
the	O
same	O
role	O
.	O
</s>
