<s>
ATutor	B-Protocol
is	O
an	O
open	B-Application
source	I-Application
web-based	O
learning	B-Application
management	I-Application
system	I-Application
(	O
LMS	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
ATutor	B-Protocol
is	O
used	O
in	O
various	O
contexts	O
,	O
including	O
online	O
course	O
management	O
,	O
continuing	O
professional	O
development	O
for	O
teachers	O
,	O
career	O
development	O
,	O
and	O
academic	O
research	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
ATutor	B-Protocol
is	O
used	O
internationally	O
and	O
has	O
been	O
translated	O
into	O
over	O
fifteen	O
languages	O
with	O
support	O
for	O
over	O
forty	O
additional	O
language	O
modules	O
currently	O
under	O
development	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
ATutor	B-Protocol
is	O
the	O
first	O
LCMS	O
to	O
comply	O
completely	O
with	O
the	O
accessibility	O
specifications	O
of	O
W3C	O
WCAG	O
1.0	O
at	O
the	O
AA+	O
level	O
,	O
allowing	O
the	O
access	O
to	O
all	O
the	O
included	O
content	O
of	O
the	O
system	O
at	O
all	O
levels	O
of	O
user-privilege	O
,	O
including	O
administrator	O
accounts	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Its	O
conformity	O
with	O
XHTML	B-Language
1.0	I-Language
is	O
intended	O
to	O
ensure	O
that	O
ATutor	B-Protocol
is	O
presented	O
and	O
displayed	O
consistently	O
in	O
any	O
compatible	O
technology	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
ATutor	B-Protocol
's	O
developers	O
assert	O
that	O
it	O
is	O
the	O
only	O
fully	O
accessible	O
LCMS	O
software	O
on	O
the	O
market	O
,	O
including	O
for-fee	O
and	O
closed	O
source	O
software	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
aspect	O
of	O
ATutor	B-Protocol
has	O
been	O
affirmed	O
in	O
at	O
least	O
one	O
University-published	O
review	O
of	O
the	O
software	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
ATutor	B-Protocol
is	O
also	O
cited	O
in	O
numerous	O
technical	O
reviews	O
and	O
scholarly	O
articles	O
;	O
and	O
many	O
third-party	B-Application
extensions	I-Application
have	O
been	O
developed	O
and	O
distributed	O
for	O
use	O
with	O
the	O
software	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
ATutor	B-Protocol
was	O
first	O
released	O
in	O
late	O
2002	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Results	O
of	O
the	O
studies	O
showed	O
none	O
of	O
the	O
popular	O
Learning	B-Application
Management	I-Application
Systems	I-Application
at	O
the	O
time	O
even	O
provided	O
minimal	O
conformance	O
with	O
accessibility	O
guidelines	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
These	O
features	O
also	O
allow	O
ATutor	B-Protocol
to	O
adapt	O
to	O
a	O
wide	O
variety	O
of	O
technologies	O
including	O
cell	O
phones	O
,	O
personal	O
data	O
assistants	O
(	O
PDAs	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
text-based	O
Web	O
browsers	O
,	O
to	O
name	O
a	O
few	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
ATutor	B-Protocol
includes	O
a	O
content	O
authoring	O
tool	O
that	O
prompts	O
content	O
developers	O
to	O
create	O
accessible	O
learning	O
materials	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
ATutor	B-Protocol
is	O
also	O
designed	O
for	O
adaptability	O
to	O
any	O
of	O
several	O
teaching	O
and	O
learning	O
scenarios	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
ATutor	B-Protocol
theme	O
system	O
allows	O
administrators	O
to	O
easily	O
customize	O
the	O
look	O
and	O
layout	O
of	O
the	O
system	O
to	O
their	O
particular	O
needs	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Themes	O
are	O
used	O
to	O
give	O
ATutor	B-Protocol
a	O
new	O
look	O
,	O
to	O
give	O
categories	O
of	O
courses	O
their	O
own	O
look	O
,	O
or	O
to	O
provide	O
multiple	O
versions	O
of	O
ATutor	B-Protocol
on	O
a	O
single	O
system	O
,	O
from	O
which	O
users	O
could	O
choose	O
one	O
as	O
a	O
preference	O
setting	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
ATutor	B-Protocol
is	O
one	O
of	O
three	O
open	B-Application
source	I-Application
learning	B-Application
management	I-Application
systems	I-Application
named	O
in	O
a	O
formal	O
challenge	O
to	O
an	O
e-learning	O
patent	O
issued	O
to	O
Blackboard	O
Inc	O
.	O
in	O
July	O
2006	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Software	O
Freedom	O
Law	O
Center	O
filed	O
a	O
re-examination	O
request	O
on	O
behalf	O
of	O
ATutor	B-Protocol
,	O
and	O
two	O
other	O
clients	O
in	O
late	O
2006	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Additionally	O
,	O
Greg	O
Gay	O
,	O
project	O
lead	O
of	O
ATutor	B-Protocol
asserted	O
in	O
support	O
of	O
the	O
re-examination	O
request	O
:	O
"	O
A	O
patent	O
on	O
an	O
educational	O
concept	O
--	O
namely	O
the	O
relationship	O
among	O
students	O
,	O
instructors	O
,	O
and	O
administrators	O
--	O
makes	O
no	O
sense	O
.	O
</s>
