<s>
ATSC-M/H	B-Device
(	O
Advanced	O
Television	O
Systems	O
Committee	O
-	O
Mobile/Handheld	O
)	O
is	O
a	O
U.S.	O
standard	O
for	O
mobile	O
digital	O
TV	O
that	O
allows	O
TV	O
broadcasts	O
to	O
be	O
received	O
by	O
mobile	B-Application
devices	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
ATSC-M/H	B-Device
is	O
a	O
mobile	O
TV	O
extension	O
to	O
preexisting	O
terrestrial	O
TV	O
broadcasting	O
standard	O
ATSC	B-Device
A/53	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
corresponds	O
to	O
the	O
European	O
DVB-H	B-Protocol
and	O
1seg	B-Device
extensions	O
of	O
DVB-T	O
and	O
ISDB-T	O
terrestrial	O
digital	O
TV	O
standards	O
respectively	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
ATSC	B-Device
is	O
optimized	O
for	O
a	O
fixed	O
reception	O
in	O
the	O
typical	O
North	O
American	O
environment	O
and	O
uses	O
8VSB	B-Device
modulation	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
ATSC	B-Device
transmission	O
method	O
is	O
not	O
robust	O
enough	O
against	O
Doppler	O
shift	O
and	O
multipath	O
radio	O
interference	O
in	O
mobile	O
environments	O
,	O
and	O
is	O
designed	O
for	O
highly	O
directional	O
fixed	O
antennas	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
To	O
overcome	O
these	O
issues	O
,	O
additional	O
channel	O
coding	O
mechanisms	O
are	O
introduced	O
in	O
ATSC-M/H	B-Device
to	O
protect	O
the	O
signal	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
of	O
2021	O
,	O
ATSC-M/H	B-Device
is	O
considered	O
to	O
have	O
been	O
a	O
commercial	O
failure	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Available	O
legacy	O
ATSC	B-Device
receivers	O
can	O
be	O
used	O
to	O
receive	O
the	O
ATSC	B-Device
(	O
A/53	O
)	O
standard	O
without	O
any	O
modification	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
MPH	B-Device
(	O
an	O
acronym	O
for	O
mobile/pedestrian/handheld	O
,	O
suggesting	O
miles	O
per	O
hour	O
)	O
,	O
was	O
developed	O
by	O
LG	O
Electronics	O
and	O
Harris	O
Broadcast	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
(	O
Zenith	O
,	O
a	O
subsidiary	O
of	O
LG	O
,	O
developed	O
much	O
of	O
the	O
original	O
ATSC	B-Device
system	I-Device
.	O
)	O
</s>
<s>
A-VSB	B-Device
(	O
Advanced-VSB	O
)	O
was	O
developed	O
by	O
Samsung	B-Application
and	O
Rohde	O
&	O
Schwarz	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
ATSC-M/H	B-Device
will	O
be	O
a	O
hybrid	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
ATSC	B-Device
members	O
approved	O
the	O
ballot	O
on	O
October	O
15	O
,	O
2009	O
to	O
official	O
standard	O
A/153	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
ATSC	B-Device
introduced	O
in	O
January	O
2010	O
at	O
Consumer	O
Electronics	O
Show	O
,	O
the	O
name	O
and	O
logo	O
for	O
"	O
MDTV	O
"	O
for	O
ATSC	B-Device
A/153	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
ATSC	B-Device
Mobile	I-Device
DTV	O
standard	O
ATSC-M/H	B-Device
(	O
A/153	B-Device
)	O
is	O
modular	O
in	O
concept	O
,	O
with	O
the	O
specifications	O
for	O
each	O
of	O
the	O
modules	O
contained	O
separate	O
Parts	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
individual	O
Parts	O
of	O
A/153	B-Device
are	O
as	O
follows	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
describes	O
the	O
overall	O
ATSC	B-Device
Mobile	I-Device
DTV	O
system	O
and	O
explains	O
the	O
organization	O
of	O
the	O
standard	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
describes	O
how	O
the	O
data	O
is	O
processed	O
and	O
placed	O
into	O
the	O
VSB	B-Device
frame	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Major	O
elements	O
include	O
the	O
Reed	B-Error_Name
Solomon	I-Error_Name
(	O
RS	O
)	O
Frame	O
,	O
a	O
Transmission	O
Parameter	O
Channel	O
(	O
TPC	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
a	O
Fast	O
Information	O
Channel	O
(	O
FIC	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Major	O
elements	O
include	O
Internet	B-Protocol
Protocol	I-Protocol
(	O
IPv4	B-Protocol
)	O
,	O
UniDirectional	O
Protocol	O
(	O
UDP	O
)	O
,	O
Signaling	O
Channel	O
Service	O
,	O
FLUTE	O
over	O
Asynchronous	B-Protocol
Layered	I-Protocol
Coding	I-Protocol
(	O
ALC	O
)	O
/	O
Layered	O
Coding	O
Transport	O
(	O
LCT	O
)	O
,	O
Network	B-Protocol
Time	I-Protocol
Protocol	I-Protocol
(	O
NTP	O
)	O
time	O
service	O
,	O
and	O
Real-time	B-Protocol
Transport	I-Protocol
Protocol	I-Protocol
(	O
RTP	O
)	O
/	O
RTP	B-Protocol
Control	I-Protocol
Protocol	I-Protocol
(	O
RTCP	B-Protocol
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
defines	O
the	O
Application	B-Application
framework	I-Application
,	O
which	O
enables	O
the	O
broadcaster	O
of	O
the	O
audio-visual	O
service	O
to	O
author	O
and	O
insert	O
supplemental	O
content	O
to	O
define	O
and	O
control	O
various	O
additional	O
elements	O
of	O
the	O
Rich	O
Media	O
Environment	O
(	O
RME	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
defines	O
the	O
Advanced	B-Application
Video	I-Application
Coding	I-Application
(	O
AVC	O
)	O
and	O
Scalable	B-Application
Video	I-Application
Coding	I-Application
(	O
SVC	O
)	O
Video	O
System	O
in	O
the	O
ATSC	B-Device
Mobile	I-Device
DTV	O
system	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
defines	O
the	O
High-Efficiency	O
Advanced	O
Audio	O
Coding	O
(	O
HE-AAC	O
v2	O
)	O
Audio	O
System	O
in	O
the	O
ATSC	B-Device
Mobile	I-Device
DTV	O
system	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
ATSC-M/H	B-Device
is	O
a	O
service	O
for	O
mobile	O
TV	O
receivers	O
and	O
partly	O
uses	O
the	O
19.39Mbit/s	O
ATSC	B-Device
8VSB	B-Device
stream	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
ATSC-M/H	B-Device
bandwidth	O
consumes	O
fixed	O
chunks	O
of	O
917kbit/s	O
out	O
of	O
the	O
total	O
ATSC	B-Device
Bandwidth	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
parade	O
conveys	O
one	O
or	O
two	O
ensembles	O
which	O
are	O
logical	O
pipes	O
of	O
IP	O
datagrams	B-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
Those	O
datagrams	B-Protocol
in	O
turn	O
carry	O
TV	O
services	O
,	O
System	O
Signaling	O
tables	O
,	O
OMA	O
DRM	O
key	O
streams	O
and	O
the	O
Electronic	B-Device
Service	I-Device
Guide	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
ATSC-M/H	B-Device
has	O
an	O
improved	O
design	O
based	O
on	O
detailed	O
analyses	O
of	O
experiences	O
with	O
other	O
mobile	O
DTV	O
standards	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
ATSC-M/H	B-Device
protocol	O
stack	O
is	O
mainly	O
an	O
umbrella	O
protocol	O
that	O
uses	O
OMA	O
ESG	O
,	O
OMA	O
DRM	O
,	O
MPEG-4	B-Algorithm
in	O
addition	O
to	O
many	O
IETF	O
RFCs	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
ATSC-M/H	B-Device
standard	O
defines	O
a	O
fixed	O
transport	O
stream	O
structure	O
,	O
based	O
on	O
M/H	O
Frames	O
,	O
which	O
establishes	O
the	O
location	O
of	O
M/H	O
content	O
within	O
the	O
VSB	B-Device
Frames	O
and	O
allows	O
for	O
easier	O
processing	O
by	O
an	O
M/H	O
receiver	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
is	O
contrary	O
to	O
the	O
legacy	O
ATSC	B-Device
transport	O
stream	O
,	O
defined	O
in	O
A/53	O
,	O
in	O
which	O
there	O
is	O
no	O
fixed	O
structure	O
to	O
establish	O
the	O
phase	O
of	O
the	O
data	O
relative	O
to	O
VSB	B-Device
Frames	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
One	O
M/H	O
Frame	O
is	O
equivalent	O
in	O
size	O
to	O
20	O
VSB	B-Device
Frames	O
and	O
has	O
an	O
offset	O
of	O
37	O
transport	O
stream	O
(	O
TS	O
)	O
packets	O
relative	O
to	O
the	O
beginning	O
of	O
the	O
VSB	B-Device
Frame	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
slot	O
may	O
either	O
carry	O
all	O
main	O
ATSC	B-Device
data	O
(	O
A/53	O
)	O
or	O
118	O
packets	O
of	O
M/H	O
data	O
and	O
38	O
packets	O
of	O
main	O
data	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
These	O
Ensembles	O
are	O
logical	O
pipes	O
for	O
IP	O
datagrams	B-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
Those	O
datagrams	B-Protocol
in	O
turn	O
carry	O
TV	O
services	O
and	O
the	O
signaling	O
of	O
mobile	O
content	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
M/H	O
Groups	O
from	O
a	O
single	O
Parade	O
are	O
placed	O
within	O
M/H	O
Slots	O
according	O
to	O
an	O
algorithm	O
defined	O
in	O
A/153	B-Device
Part	O
2	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Mobile	O
Data	O
are	O
protected	O
by	O
an	O
additional	O
FEC	O
,	O
as	O
Interleaving	O
and	O
Convolutional	B-Error_Name
codes	I-Error_Name
.	O
</s>
<s>
To	O
improve	O
the	O
reception	O
in	O
the	O
receiver	O
,	O
training	O
sequences	O
are	O
introduced	O
into	O
the	O
ATSC-M/H	B-Device
signal	O
to	O
allow	O
channel	O
estimation	O
on	O
the	O
receiver	O
side	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Time	O
slicing	O
is	O
a	O
technique	O
used	O
by	O
ATSC-M/H	B-Device
to	O
provide	O
power	O
savings	O
on	O
receivers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
based	O
on	O
the	O
time-multiplexed	O
transmission	O
of	O
different	O
services	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
ATSC-M/H	B-Device
combines	O
multiple	O
error	O
protection	O
mechanisms	O
for	O
added	O
robustness	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
One	O
is	O
an	O
outer	O
Reed	B-Error_Name
–	I-Error_Name
Solomon	I-Error_Name
error	I-Error_Name
correction	I-Error_Name
code	O
which	O
corrects	O
defective	O
bytes	O
after	O
decoding	O
the	O
outer	O
convolutional	B-Error_Name
code	I-Error_Name
in	O
the	O
receiver	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
M/H	O
data	O
in	O
these	O
regions	O
are	O
protected	O
by	O
an	O
SCCC	O
(	O
Series	O
Concatenated	O
Convolutional	B-Error_Name
Code	I-Error_Name
)	O
,	O
incorporating	O
a	O
code	O
rate	O
of	O
1/2	O
or	O
1/4	O
,	O
and	O
is	O
specific	O
to	O
each	O
region	O
in	O
a	O
group	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
1/4	O
rate	O
PCCC	O
(	O
Parallel	O
Concatenated	O
Convolutional	B-Error_Name
Code	I-Error_Name
)	O
is	O
also	O
employed	O
as	O
an	O
inner	O
code	O
for	O
the	O
M/H	O
signaling	O
channel	O
,	O
which	O
includes	O
FIC	O
(	O
Fast	O
Information	O
Channel	O
)	O
and	O
TPC	O
(	O
Transmission	O
Parameter	O
Channel	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
time	O
interleaving	O
of	O
ATSC-M/H	B-Device
is	O
1	O
second	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
ATSC	B-Device
M/H	I-Device
Signaling	O
and	O
Announcement	O
defines	O
three	O
different	O
layers	O
of	O
signalling	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
information	O
carried	O
within	O
these	O
tables	O
can	O
be	O
compared	O
to	O
the	O
PSIP	B-Device
information	O
of	O
ATSC	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Announcement	O
/	O
Electronic	B-Device
Service	I-Device
Guide	I-Device
(	O
ESG	O
)	O
is	O
the	O
highest	O
layer	O
of	O
signaling	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
uses	O
the	O
Open	O
Mobile	O
Alliance	O
(	O
OMA	O
)	O
Broadcast	O
Service	O
Enabler	O
Suite	O
(	O
OMA	O
BCAST	O
)	O
Electronic	B-Device
Service	I-Device
Guide	I-Device
(	O
ESG	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
ESG	O
consists	O
of	O
several	O
XML	B-Protocol
sections	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
With	O
this	O
structure	O
,	O
a	O
program	B-Device
guide	I-Device
and	O
enabled	O
interactive	O
services	O
can	O
be	O
realized	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
MPEG-4/AVC	O
,	O
mobile	O
TV	O
systems	O
the	O
receiver	O
uses	O
information	O
from	O
the	O
Session	B-Language
Description	I-Language
Protocol	I-Language
File	O
(	O
SDP-File	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
ATSC-M/H	B-Device
,	O
the	O
SDP-File	O
is	O
transmitted	O
within	O
the	O
SMT-Table	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
8VSB	B-Device
modulation	B-Application
used	O
by	O
ATSC	B-Device
allows	O
SFN	O
transmissions	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
To	O
allow	O
regular	O
channel	O
approximation	O
,	O
ATSC-M/H	B-Device
provides	O
additional	O
training	O
sequences	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
ATSC	B-Device
A/110	O
defines	O
a	O
method	O
to	O
synchronize	O
the	O
ATSC	B-Device
modulator	B-Application
as	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
transmitter	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
such	O
an	O
SFN	O
,	O
the	O
ATSC-M/H	B-Device
multiplexer	O
and	O
the	O
ATSC-M/H	B-Device
transmitter	O
are	O
synchronized	O
by	O
a	O
GPS	O
reference	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
ATSC-M/H	B-Device
multiplexer	O
operates	O
as	O
a	O
network	O
adapter	O
and	O
inserts	O
time	O
stamps	O
in	O
the	O
MPEG	O
transport	O
stream	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
transmitter	O
analyzes	O
the	O
time	O
stamp	O
,	O
delays	O
the	O
transport	O
stream	O
before	O
it	O
is	O
modulated	B-Application
and	O
transmitted	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Until	O
its	O
shutdown	O
,	O
MediaFLO	B-Device
had	O
been	O
available	O
in	O
parts	O
of	O
the	O
United	O
States	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
ATSC-M/H	B-Device
would	O
be	O
free	O
to	O
air	O
,	O
as	O
are	O
regular	O
broadcast	O
signals	O
.	O
</s>
