<s>
8K	B-Architecture
resolution	I-Architecture
refers	O
to	O
an	O
image	O
or	O
display	B-General_Concept
resolution	I-General_Concept
with	O
a	O
width	O
of	O
approximately	O
8,000	O
pixels	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
8K	B-Architecture
UHD	O
(	O
)	O
is	O
the	O
highest	O
resolution	O
defined	O
in	O
the	O
Rec	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
2020	O
(	O
UHDTV	B-Device
)	O
standard	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
8K	B-Architecture
display	B-General_Concept
resolution	I-General_Concept
is	O
the	O
successor	O
to	O
4K	B-Architecture
resolution	I-Architecture
.	O
</s>
<s>
TV	O
manufacturers	O
pushed	O
to	O
make	O
4K	B-Device
a	O
new	O
standard	O
by	O
2017	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
At	O
CES	O
2019	O
,	O
the	O
first	O
8K	B-Device
TVs	I-Device
were	O
unveiled	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
predicted	O
(	O
2018	O
forecast	O
by	O
Strategy	O
Analytics	O
)	O
that	O
8K-ready	O
devices	O
will	O
still	O
only	O
account	O
for	O
3%	O
of	O
UHD	B-Device
TVs	I-Device
by	O
2023	O
with	O
global	O
sales	O
of	O
11	O
million	O
units	O
a	O
year	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
TV	O
manufacturers	O
remain	O
optimistic	O
as	O
the	O
4K	B-Device
market	O
grew	O
much	O
faster	O
than	O
expected	O
,	O
with	O
actual	O
sales	O
exceeding	O
projections	O
nearly	O
six-fold	O
in	O
2016	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2013	O
,	O
a	O
transmission	O
network	O
's	O
capability	O
to	O
carry	O
HDTV	B-Device
resolution	O
was	O
limited	O
by	O
internet	O
speeds	O
and	O
relied	O
on	O
satellite	O
broadcast	O
to	O
transmit	O
the	O
high	O
data	O
rates	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
,	O
few	O
cameras	O
had	O
the	O
capability	O
to	O
shoot	O
video	O
in	O
8K	B-Architecture
,	O
NHK	O
being	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
few	O
companies	O
to	O
have	O
created	O
a	O
small	O
broadcasting	O
camera	O
with	O
an	O
8K	B-Architecture
image	B-Algorithm
sensor	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
By	O
2018	O
,	O
Red	O
Digital	B-Device
Cinema	I-Device
camera	I-Device
company	O
had	O
delivered	O
three	O
8K	B-Architecture
cameras	O
in	O
both	O
a	O
Full	O
Frame	O
sensor	O
and	O
Super	O
35	O
sensor	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Until	O
major	O
content	O
sources	O
are	O
available	O
,	O
8K	B-Architecture
is	O
speculated	O
to	O
become	O
a	O
mainstream	O
consumer	O
display	B-General_Concept
resolution	I-General_Concept
around	O
2023	O
as	O
mentioned	O
in	O
UHD	O
forum	O
Phase-B	O
recommendations	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
filmmakers	O
are	O
pushing	O
demand	O
for	O
8K	B-Architecture
cameras	O
due	O
to	O
their	O
ability	O
to	O
capture	O
better	O
4K	B-Device
footage	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
term	O
"	O
8K	B-Architecture
"	O
is	O
generic	O
and	O
refers	O
to	O
any	O
resolution	O
with	O
a	O
horizontal	O
pixel	O
count	O
of	O
approximately	O
8,000	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Several	O
different	O
8K	B-Architecture
resolutions	I-Architecture
have	O
been	O
standardized	O
by	O
various	O
organizations	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
January	O
6	O
,	O
2015	O
,	O
the	O
MHL	O
Consortium	O
announced	O
the	O
release	O
of	O
the	O
superMHL	O
specification	O
which	O
will	O
support	O
8K	B-Architecture
resolution	I-Architecture
at	O
120fps	O
,	O
48-bit	O
video	O
,	O
the	O
Rec	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
March	O
1	O
,	O
2016	O
,	O
The	O
Video	O
Electronics	O
Standards	O
Association	O
(	O
VESA	O
)	O
unveiled	O
DisplayPort	O
1.4	O
,	O
a	O
new	O
format	O
that	O
allows	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
8K	B-Architecture
resolution	I-Architecture
(	O
)	O
at	O
60Hz	O
with	O
HDRR	B-Device
and	O
32	O
audio	O
channels	O
through	O
USB-C	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
January	O
4	O
,	O
2017	O
,	O
the	O
HDMI	B-Protocol
Forum	O
announced	O
HDMI	B-Protocol
2.1	O
featuring	O
support	O
for	O
8K	B-Architecture
video	I-Architecture
with	O
HDR	O
,	O
will	O
be	O
"	O
released	O
early	O
in	O
Q2	O
2017	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
8K	B-Architecture
Association	O
Formed	O
at	O
CES	O
2019	O
to	O
Help	O
Develop	O
8K	B-Architecture
Ecosystem	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
early	O
February	O
2020	O
,	O
Samsung	O
Electronics	O
announced	O
during	O
their	O
Unpacked	O
event	O
that	O
their	O
Samsung	B-Application
Galaxy	I-Application
S20	I-Application
can	O
video	O
record	O
in	O
8K	B-Architecture
,	O
which	O
uses	O
600MB	O
of	O
storage	O
per	O
minute	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
April	O
6	O
,	O
2013	O
,	O
Astrodesign	O
Inc	O
.	O
announced	O
the	O
AH-4800	O
,	O
capable	O
of	O
recording	O
8K	B-Architecture
resolution	I-Architecture
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
April	O
2015	O
,	O
it	O
was	O
announced	O
by	O
Red	O
that	O
their	O
newly	O
unveiled	O
Red	O
Weapon	O
VV	O
is	O
also	O
capable	O
of	O
recording	O
8K	B-Architecture
footage	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
October	O
2016	O
,	O
they	O
announced	O
two	O
additional	O
8K	B-Architecture
cameras	O
,	O
Red	O
Weapon	O
8K	B-Architecture
S35	O
and	O
Red	O
Epic-W	O
8K	B-Architecture
S35	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Red	O
Weapon	O
Dragon	O
VV	O
has	O
been	O
discontinued	O
,	O
when	O
Red	O
unveiled	O
the	O
Red	O
Weapon	O
Monstro	O
VV	O
,	O
their	O
fourth	O
camera	O
capable	O
of	O
shooting	O
8K	B-Architecture
,	O
with	O
additional	O
improvements	O
in	O
dynamic	O
range	O
and	O
noise	O
reduction	O
,	O
among	O
other	O
features	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
May	O
2019	O
,	O
mobile	O
phone	O
vendors	O
started	O
releasing	O
the	O
first	O
mobile	O
phones	O
with	O
8K	B-Architecture
video	I-Architecture
recording	O
capabilities	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
the	O
ZTE	O
Nubia	O
Red	O
Magic	O
3	O
series	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
is	O
enabled	O
by	O
the	O
sufficient	O
resolution	O
of	O
image	B-Algorithm
sensors	I-Algorithm
used	O
in	O
mobile	O
phones	O
,	O
and	O
by	O
the	O
sufficient	O
chipset	O
performance	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
mobile	O
phones	O
with	O
up	O
to	O
5K	O
(	O
2880p	B-Device
)	O
or	O
6K	O
(	O
3240p	O
)	O
video	O
cameras	O
have	O
never	O
been	O
released	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2007	O
,	O
the	O
original	O
65mm	O
negative	O
of	O
the	O
1992	O
film	O
Baraka	O
was	O
re-scanned	O
at	O
8K	B-Architecture
with	O
a	O
film	O
scanner	O
built	O
specifically	O
for	O
the	O
job	O
at	O
FotoKem	O
Laboratories	O
,	O
and	O
used	O
to	O
remaster	O
the	O
2008	O
Blu-ray	O
release	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
similar	O
8K	B-Architecture
scan/4K	O
intermediate	O
digital	O
restoration	O
of	O
Lawrence	O
of	O
Arabia	O
was	O
made	O
for	O
Blu-ray	O
and	O
theatrical	O
re-release	O
during	O
2012	O
by	O
Sony	O
Pictures	O
to	O
celebrate	O
the	O
film	O
's	O
50th	O
anniversary	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
According	O
to	O
Grover	O
Crisp	O
,	O
executive	O
VP	O
of	O
restoration	O
at	O
Sony	O
Pictures	O
,	O
the	O
new	O
8K	B-Architecture
scan	O
has	O
such	O
high	O
resolution	O
that	O
when	O
examined	O
,	O
showed	O
a	O
series	O
of	O
fine	O
concentric	O
lines	O
in	O
a	O
pattern	O
"	O
reminiscent	O
of	O
a	O
fingerprint	O
"	O
near	O
the	O
top	O
of	O
the	O
frame	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
May	O
17	O
,	O
2013	O
,	O
the	O
Franklin	O
Institute	O
premiered	O
To	O
Space	O
and	O
Back	O
,	O
an	O
8K×8K	O
,	O
60fps	O
,	O
3D	O
video	O
running	O
approximately	O
25	O
minutes	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
During	O
its	O
first	O
run	O
at	O
the	O
Fels	O
Planetarium	O
it	O
was	O
played	O
at	O
4K	B-Device
,	O
60fps	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
November	O
2013	O
,	O
NHK	O
screened	O
the	O
experimental-drama	O
short	O
film	O
"	O
The	O
Chorus	O
"	O
at	O
Tokyo	O
Film	O
Festival	O
which	O
was	O
filmed	O
in	O
8K	B-Architecture
and	O
22.2	O
sound	O
format	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
May	O
1	O
,	O
2015	O
,	O
an	O
8K	B-Architecture
abstract	O
computer	O
animation	O
was	O
screened	O
at	O
the	O
Filmatic	O
Festival	O
at	O
the	O
University	O
of	O
California	O
,	O
San	O
Diego	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
2	O
would	O
be	O
the	O
first	O
feature	O
film	O
to	O
be	O
shot	O
in	O
8K	B-Architecture
,	O
using	O
the	O
Red	O
Weapon	O
8K	B-Architecture
VV	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Japanese	O
public	O
broadcaster	O
NHK	O
began	O
research	O
and	O
development	O
on	O
8K	B-Architecture
in	O
1995	O
,	O
having	O
spent	O
over	O
$1	O
billion	O
on	O
R&D	O
since	O
then	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Codenamed	O
Super	B-Device
Hi-Vision	I-Device
(	O
named	O
after	O
its	O
old	O
Hi-Vision	O
analog	O
HDTV	B-Device
system	O
)	O
,	O
NHK	O
also	O
was	O
simultaneously	O
working	O
on	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
22.2	O
channel	O
surround	O
sound	O
audio	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
world	O
's	O
first	O
8K	B-Architecture
television	O
was	O
unveiled	O
by	O
Sharp	O
at	O
the	O
Consumer	O
Electronics	O
Show	O
(	O
CES	O
)	O
in	O
2012	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Experimental	O
transmissions	O
of	O
the	O
resolution	O
were	O
tested	O
with	O
the	O
2012	O
Summer	O
Olympics	O
,	O
and	O
at	O
the	O
Cannes	O
Film	O
Festival	O
showcasing	O
Beauties	O
À	O
La	O
Carte	O
,	O
a	O
27-minute	O
short	O
showcased	O
publicly	O
on	O
a	O
220	O
"	O
screen	O
,	O
with	O
a	O
three-year	O
roadmap	O
that	O
entails	O
the	O
launch	O
of	O
8K	B-Architecture
test	O
broadcasting	O
in	O
2016	O
,	O
with	O
plans	O
to	O
roll	O
out	O
full	O
8K	B-Architecture
services	O
by	O
2018	O
,	O
and	O
in	O
time	O
for	O
the	O
2020	O
Summer	O
Olympics	O
,	O
which	O
were	O
delayed	O
to	O
2021	O
due	O
to	O
the	O
COVID-19	O
pandemic	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
December	O
1	O
,	O
2018	O
,	O
NHK	O
launched	O
BS8K	O
,	O
a	O
broadcast	O
channel	O
transmitting	O
at	O
8K	B-Architecture
resolution	I-Architecture
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
February	O
28	O
,	O
2020	O
,	O
it	O
was	O
reported	O
that	O
BT	O
Sport	O
would	O
broadcast	O
the	O
UEFA	O
Europa	O
League	O
in	O
8K	B-Architecture
HDR10+	B-Device
as	O
early	O
as	O
August	O
2020	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Sony	O
announced	O
that	O
the	O
PlayStation	B-Device
5	I-Device
will	O
support	O
8K	B-Architecture
graphics	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Microsoft	O
then	O
announced	O
Xbox	B-Device
Series	I-Device
X	I-Device
with	O
8K	B-Architecture
graphic	O
support	O
,	O
released	O
in	O
November	O
2020	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Nvidia	O
's	O
GeForce	B-Device
RTX	I-Device
3090	I-Device
promises	O
to	O
enable	O
8K	B-Architecture
60fps	O
HDR	O
gaming	O
,	O
recording	O
,	O
and	O
streaming	O
with	O
ShadowPlay	O
on	O
PCs	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Given	O
adequate	O
hardware	O
,	O
8K	B-Architecture
video	I-Architecture
can	O
be	O
edited	O
by	O
all	O
major	O
non-linear	O
video	O
editors	O
such	O
as	O
Avid	B-Operating_System
Media	I-Operating_System
Composer	I-Operating_System
,	O
Adobe	B-Operating_System
Premiere	I-Operating_System
Pro	I-Operating_System
,	O
Lightworks	B-Application
,	O
Vegas	B-Application
Pro	I-Application
,	O
Final	B-Application
Cut	I-Application
Pro	I-Application
X	I-Application
,	O
Edius	B-Application
,	O
DaVinci	B-Language
Resolve	I-Language
,	O
and	O
Kdenlive	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
+	O
Examples	O
of	O
8K	B-Architecture
resolutions	I-Architecture
Resolution	O
Aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
Total	O
pixels	O
3	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
is	O
the	O
resolution	O
of	O
the	O
UHDTV2	O
format	O
defined	O
in	O
SMPTE	O
ST	O
2036	O
–	O
1	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
the	O
8K	B-Device
UHDTV	I-Device
format	O
defined	O
in	O
ITU-R	O
BT.2020	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
was	O
also	O
chosen	O
by	O
the	O
DVB	B-Application
project	I-Application
as	O
the	O
resolution	O
for	O
their	O
8K	B-Architecture
broadcasting	O
standard	O
,	O
UHD-2	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
has	O
33.2	O
million	O
total	O
pixels	O
,	O
and	O
is	O
double	O
the	O
linear	O
resolution	O
of	O
4K	B-Architecture
UHD	I-Architecture
(	O
four	O
times	O
as	O
many	O
total	O
pixels	O
)	O
,	O
three	O
times	O
the	O
linear	O
resolution	O
of	O
1440p	O
(	O
nine	O
times	O
as	O
many	O
total	O
pixels	O
)	O
,	O
four	O
times	O
the	O
linear	O
resolution	O
of	O
1080p	O
(	O
16	O
times	O
as	O
many	O
total	O
pixels	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
six	O
times	O
the	O
linear	O
resolution	O
of	O
720p	O
(	O
36	O
times	O
as	O
many	O
total	O
pixels	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Sony	O
Z9J65	O
,	O
75	O
,	O
85	O
,	O
and	O
100	O
inch	O
8K	B-Architecture
Ultra	B-Device
HD	I-Device
Bravia	O
International	O
Consumer	O
Electronics	O
Show	O
2021	O
virtual	O
event	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Sony	O
Z9K65	O
,	O
75	O
,	O
85	O
,	O
and	O
100	O
inch	O
8K	B-Architecture
Ultra	B-Device
HD	I-Device
Bravia	O
International	O
Consumer	O
Electronics	O
Show	O
2022	O
hybrid	O
event	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Pimax	O
Vision	O
8K	B-Architecture
X	O
,	O
made	O
up	O
of	O
two	O
screens	O
@	O
90Hz	O
,	O
started	O
Crowdfunding	O
in	O
October	O
2017	O
,	O
with	O
the	O
product	O
released	O
and	O
shipped	O
in	O
September	O
2020	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Astrodesign	O
AH-4800	O
,	O
1.7-inch	O
CMOS	O
camera	O
capable	O
of	O
recording	O
in	O
8K	B-Architecture
resolution	I-Architecture
.	O
</s>
<s>
RED	O
Weapon	O
Vista	O
Vision	O
35MM	O
8K	B-Architecture
(	O
)	O
at	O
60fps	O
in	O
full-sensor	O
mode	O
,	O
or	O
up	O
to	O
75fps	O
in	O
a	O
scope	O
(	O
)	O
frame	O
format	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
RED	O
DSMC2	O
Helium	O
with	O
an	O
S35MM	O
8K	B-Architecture
35.4	O
megapixel	O
CMOS	O
sensor	O
—	O
up	O
to	O
60fps	O
at	O
8K	B-Architecture
(	O
)	O
and	O
75	O
fps	O
at	O
8K	B-Architecture
(	O
)	O
with	O
a	O
dynamic	O
range	O
of	O
16.5	O
+	O
stops	O
;	O
limited	O
release	O
July	O
2016	O
,	O
general	O
release	O
October	O
2016	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
RED	O
Epic-W	O
with	O
an	O
S35MM	O
8K	B-Architecture
35.4	O
megapixel	O
CMOS	O
Helium	O
sensor	O
—	O
up	O
to	O
30fps	O
at	O
8K	B-Architecture
(	O
)	O
with	O
a	O
dynamic	O
range	O
of	O
16.5	O
+	O
stops	O
;	O
release	O
date	O
:	O
October	O
2016	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
RED	O
DSMC2	O
Monstro	O
8K	B-Architecture
VV	O
35.4	O
megapixel	O
CMOS	O
"	O
wider	O
than	O
full	O
frame	O
"	O
Monstro	O
sensor	O
—	O
up	O
to	O
60fps	O
at	O
8K	B-Architecture
(	O
)	O
and	O
75fps	O
at	O
8K	B-Architecture
(	O
)	O
with	O
a	O
dynamic	O
range	O
of	O
17+	O
stops	O
;	O
release	O
date	O
:	O
October	O
2017	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Ikegami	O
S35MM	O
SHK-810	O
8K	B-Architecture
broadcast	O
camera	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Canon	B-Algorithm
Cinema	I-Algorithm
EOS	I-Algorithm
System	O
S35MM	O
8K	B-Architecture
camera	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Panavision	O
DXL	O
35MM	O
8K	B-Architecture
60fps	O
and	O
HDR	O
Digital	O
Cinematography	O
Camera	O
(	O
Vista	O
Vision	O
Sensor	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Cinemartin	O
Fran	O
8K	B-Architecture
VV	O
Global	O
Shutter	O
,	O
announced	O
on	O
May	O
8	O
,	O
2018	O
,	O
starting	O
sales	O
in	O
fall	O
2018	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Blackmagic	O
URSA	O
Mini	O
Pro	O
12K	O
,	O
originally	O
110fps	O
in	O
8K	B-Architecture
,	O
since	O
September	O
2020	O
firmware	O
update	O
up	O
to	O
120fps	O
for	O
DCI	O
,	O
16:9	O
and	O
6:5	O
Anamorphic	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
modes	O
and	O
up	O
to	O
160fps	O
for	O
2.4:1	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
mode	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Canon	B-Algorithm
EOS	I-Algorithm
R5	I-Algorithm
camera	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Sony	B-Algorithm
Alpha	I-Algorithm
1	I-Algorithm
flagship	O
mirrorless	O
camera	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Nikon	B-Algorithm
Z	I-Algorithm
9	I-Algorithm
camera	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Sony	B-Device
VENICE	I-Device
2	O
camera	O
(	O
Full-Frame	O
8.6K	O
image	B-Algorithm
sensor	I-Algorithm
)	O
Announced	O
November	O
15	O
,	O
2021	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
QooCam	O
8K	B-Architecture
,	O
first	O
affordable	O
8K	B-Architecture
360°	O
VR	O
camera	O
,	O
with	O
built-in	O
video	O
stitching	O
.	O
</s>
