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Discrete Wellbore and Fracture Productivity Modeling for Unconventional Wells and Unconventional Reservoirs
- Randy D. Hazlett (University of Tulsa) | Desarazu K. Babu (Potential Research Solutions)
- Document ID
- Society of Petroleum Engineers
- SPE Journal
- Publication Date
- February 2014
- Document Type
- Journal Paper
- 19 - 33
- 2013. Society of Petroleum Engineers
- 3 Production and Well Operations, 5.8.1 Tight Gas, 5.1 Reservoir Characterisation, 5.8.2 Shale Gas, 5.6.9 Production Forecasting, 5.5 Reservoir Simulation
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- 563 since 2007
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Newly developed, generalized analytic solutions to the heat equation forarbitrary 3D well trajectory in anisotropic media are demonstrated to solvebenchmark horizontal- and slanted-well productivity problems with unprecedentedspeed and accuracy. Arbitrary well trajectory is constructed as an assemblageof spatially integrated, linear well segments, as opposed to a distribution ofnumerically integrated point sources, to provide advantages in bothcomputational speed and accuracy in singularity handling. Production from eacharbitrarily oriented segment is reduced to a combination of purely analyticexpressions and rapidly convergent, exponentially damped infinite sumapproximations. With offered flexibility in cell boundary conditions, theexpressions can yield standalone well-productivity estimates for complex wellsor serve as the basis for advanced well equations, if integrated within anumerical reservoir simulator. Transients are also computed with analyticalintegrations in time, thus requiring no time marching. The breakthrough speedand accuracy in productivity assessment open possibilities for advancedwell-testing and reservoir-characterization methods.
We further demonstrate the usefulness of analytic methodology with severaltime-dependent, discrete fracture problems for shale gas production withtypical Barnett conditions, allowing direct use of complex fracture patterns,such as those interpreted from microseismic mapping. In addition touniform-flux and uniform-pressure modeling options, a new analytic model isintroduced that is capable of modeling both time-dependent material transportbetween matrix and a stimulated zone and the interplay between a well andfracture. We illustrate our solution method with Barnett fractured-wellexamples from the literature. With optional effects such as gas desorption andstress-dependent fracture conductivity as easy add-ons, we can producefull-operational-life production forecasts for shale or tight gas reservoirsfrom discrete, complex fracture patterns along with reservoir-pressure mappingsin a matter of minutes on common PC platforms.
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