|Scientific Name:||Duellmanohyla uranochroa|
|Species Authority:||(Cope, 1875)|
Hyla uranochroa Cope, 1875
Hyla alleei Taylor, 1952
|Taxonomic Source(s):||Frost, D.R. 2013. Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 5.6 (9 January 2013). Electronic Database. American Museum of Natural History, New York, USA. Available at: http://research.amnh.org/herpetology/amphibia/index.html.|
|Red List Category & Criteria:||Endangered D ver 3.1|
|Assessor(s):||NatureServe & IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group|
|Contributor(s):||Kubicki, B., Jaramillo, C., Ibáñez, R., Bolaños, F., Solís, F., Chaves, G., Pounds, J. & Fuenmayor, Q.|
|Facilitator/Compiler(s):||Angulo, A. & Young, B.E.|
Listed as Endangered given that recent surveys have found several extant subpopulations across its historical range, with less than 250 mature individuals estimated to occur across all currently known sites.
|Previously published Red List assessments:||
|Range Description:||This species is known from the cordilleras of Costa Rica and western Panama (300-1,450 m asl). In Costa Rica, the species occurs on the Atlantic versant at 656-1,740 m asl and on the Pacific slope at 880-1,600 m asl (Savage 2002).|
Native:Costa Rica; Panama
|Lower elevation limit (metres):||300|
|Upper elevation limit (metres):||1740|
|Range Map:||Click here to open the map viewer and explore range.|
|Population:||It was a historically common species. As of 2002, however, the species had experienced a significant decline across its Costa Rican range. By 2007 a new subpopulation was found in Tuis de Turrialba, Costa Rica (B. Kubicki pers. comm.). By 2013, the Costa Rican subpopulations were rebounding somewhat, although the species was still not considered common in any of the known sites. Extant populations are known at Monteverde (possibly no more than 100 adults), Tuis (at most 10 adults), and Fila Matama on the Atlantic slope of the Cordillera de Talamanca (at most 10 adults) in Costa Rica (G. Chaves pers. comm March 2013). In Panama, tadpoles and two adults were found in 2008-2009 in the Reserva Forestal La Fortuna (Hertz et al. 2012). These numbers suggest a total adult population of fewer than 150 individuals in 2013.
|Current Population Trend:||Increasing|
|Habitat and Ecology:||It inhabits humid lowland and montane forest. Adults are usually found in the proximity of streams. During the day, individuals hide in vegetation, especially in leaf axils of epiphytes and terrestrial aroids. At night, moderately dense congregations have been found along small, fast-flowing streams. Males call from dense vegetation several metres away from the streams, from 0.5-3.0 m above ground. Larvae develop in quiet pools, but sometimes adhere to large rocks in the stream bottom when the streams rise following heavy rains (Savage 2002).|
|Use and Trade:||
There are no reports of this species being utilized.
|Major Threat(s):||Museum specimens have been found to be infected with the chytrid fungus, which may have contributed to the earlier decline. Habitat loss due to smallholder farming activities is mostly a historical threat to this species (B. Young pers. comm. March 2013).|
|Conservation Actions:||Although there are no specific conservation measures in place, this species has been recorded from at least three protected areas in Panama, and more than three protected areas in Costa Rica. Further survey work is required to monitor the population status and trends of this species, and to ascertain clearly whether or not chytrid poses a threat.|
Duellman, W.E. 2001. The Hylid Frogs of Middle America. Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles, Ithaca, New York, USA.
Hertz, A., Lotzkat, S. Carrizo, A., Ponce, M., Köhler, G. and Streit, B.. 2012. Field notes on findings of threatened amphibian species in the central mountain range of western Panama. Amphibian and Reptile Conservation 6(2): 9-30.
Ibáñez, R., Solís, F., Jaramillo, C. and Rand, S. 2000. An overwiew of the herpetology of Panama. In: J.D. Johnson, R.G. Webb and O.A. Flores-Villela (eds), Mesoamerican Herpetology: Systematics, Zoogeography and Conservation, pp. 159-170. The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas.
IUCN. 2013. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (ver. 2013.1). Available at: http://www.iucnredlist.org. (Accessed: 12 June 2013).
Savage, J.M. 1968. A new red-eyed tree-frog (family Hylidae) from Costa Rica, with a review of the Hyla uranochroa group. Bulletin Southern California Academy of Sciences 67: 1-20.
Savage, J.M. 2002. The Amphibians and Reptiles of Costa Rica: A Herpetofauna between two Continents, between two Seas. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
Young, B., Sedaghatkish, G., Roca, E. and Fuenmayor, Q. 1999. El Estatus de la Conservación de la Herpetofauna de Panamá: Resumen del Primer Taller Internacional sobre la Herpetofauna de Panamá. The Nature Conservancy, Arlington, Virginia.
|Citation:||NatureServe & IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group. 2013. Duellmanohyla uranochroa. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2013: e.T55314A3028798. . Downloaded on 25 May 2016.|