External Web sites
- Science Museum - Biography of Hermann von Helmholtz
- Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy - Biography of Hermann von Helmholtz
- The MacTutor History of Mathematics - Biography of Hermann Ludwig Ferdinand von Helmholtz Biography of this Irish mathematician and astronomer who developed the theory of quaternions, a landmark in the development of algebra, and discovered the phenomenon of conical refraction. Includes various photographs, a glossary, and related links.
- Vigyan Prasar Science Portal - Biography of Hermann von Helmholtz
Britannica Web sites
Articles from Britannica encyclopedias for elementary and high school students.
- Hermann von Helmholtz - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up)
(1821-94).The law of the conservation of energy was developed by the 19th-century German, Hermann von Helmholtz. This creative and versatile scientist made fundamental contributions to physiology, optics, electrodynamics, mathematics, and meteorology. He believed that all science could be reduced to the laws of classical mechanics, which encompassed matter, force, and energy as the whole of reality.