Are you prone to feasting during the holiday season? If you are, watch out for gout.
An acute form of arthritis, gout is known as the “rich man’s disease” because of its association with an overindulgence in rich food and alcohol. It causes severe pain and swelling in the joints. It most commonly affects the big toe, but may also affect the, ankle, hand, wrist, or elbow.
Men are more at risk of gout than women. However, after menopause, women’s risk increases.
Related article: What puts you at risk for gout?
A common disease
About 4.1 per cent of people suffer from gout, according to the Singapore Chinese Health Study, which was carried in 52,322 participants (mean age of 62 years old). The mean age at diagnosis was 55 years.
The disease manifested at a mean age 44 years, and as early as age 16 years, in another local study of 100 gout patients seen in a public hospital.
“Gout appears to be getting more and more common, and there seems to be a worldwide trend towards gout patients getting younger,” says Dr Warren Fong, Registrar (AST), Rheumatology and Immunology Department, Singapore General Hospital.
What’s worrying is that gout is associated with a host of conditions.
In one study, the majority of patients had at least one associated disease. The most common one was high blood pressure, followed by high cholesterol, kidney disease, heart disease and diabetes.
Related article: How to beat high blood pressure with exercise
How to prevent gout attacks
Gout occurs when there are high levels of uric acid in the blood. This can cause crystals of uric acid to settle in the joints. As uric acid levels accumulate with the breakdown of foods containing purine, it’s important to reduce the intake of foods high in purine.
Foods high in purine – Restrict your intake
- Asparagus, cauliflower, mushroom
- Wheat bran and wheat germ
- Red meat
Food highest in purine - Abstain completely if possible
- Broths, meat stocks and gravies
- Chicken essence
- Bak kut teh
Certain fish or shellfish
- Salmon, herring, mackerel, prawn
- Anchovies (ikan bilis), sardines, fish roe
- Cockles, mussels, scallops
Certain fruits and vegetables
- Spinach, peas, carrots
- Strawberries (& strawberry jam)
- Durian, tomato & tomato sauce
Beans and legumes
- Beancurd, soya bean drink
- Peanuts, bean cake, moon cake
All internal organs of animals and birds
- Liver, kidney, brain
If you’re at risk for gout, you should also reduce your consumption of alcoholic beverages. “It’s also important to drink adequate water to help flush out the uric acid, unless you have some contra-indication,” says Dr Tan York Kiat.
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