a segment of DNA that is located in a chromosome and that codes for a specific hereditary unit
deoxyribonucleic acid, the material that contains the information that determines inherited characteristics
in a nucleic acid chain, a subunit that consists of a sugar, a phosphate, and a nitrogenous base
a nitrogenous base that has a double-ring structure; adenine or guanine
a nitrogenous base that has a single-ring structure; in DNA, either thymine or cytosine
the process of making a copy of DNA
an enzyme that unwinds the DNA double helix during DNA replication
an enzyme that catalyzes the formation of the DNA molecule
ribonucleic acid, a natural polymer that is present in all living cells and that plays a role in protein synthesis
the manifestation of the genetic material of an organism in the form of specific traits
the process of forming a nucleic acid by using another molecule as a template
the portion of protein synthesis that takes place at ribosomes and that uses the codons in mRNA molecules to specify the sequence of amino acids in polypeptide chains
in DNA and mRNA, a three-nucleotide sequence that encodes an amino acid or signifies a start signal or a stop signal
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