11. Papillidiopsis (Broth.) W. R. Buck & B. C. Tan 拟刺疣藓属 ni ci you xian shu
Acta Bryol. Asiat. 1: 9. 1989 . Trichosteleum sect. Papillidiopsis Broth., Nat. Pflanzenfam. I(3): 1119. 1908.
Plants small to large, in loose mats. Main stems elongate, prostrate; secondary stems irregularly pinnately branched, complanate, often flagelliform; pseudoparaphyllia foliose; axillary hairs with a short, brownish basal cell and 2–3 elongate, hyaline apical cells; central strand absent. Primary stem leaves appressed, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate; branch leaves erect-spreading, often clearly five-ranked, ovate-lanceolate to oblong-lanceolate, strongly concave, narrowed at base, abruptly constricted toward apex, becoming shortly acute, obtusely apiculate, or rarely long-acuminate at apex; margins serrulate, plane, or sometimes slightly recurved above; costae short, double or absent; leaf cells linear or vermiform, becoming shorter, thicker, thick-walled or pitted toward apex, upper cells unipapillose; alar cells inflated, oblong, thin-walled, colored, with smaller, thin-walled cells above the inflated cells. Setae elongate, sometimes slender, reddish, often coarse above, sometimes smooth; capsules small, ovoid, inclined to pendent; exothecial cells clearly collenchymatous; opercula obliquely long-rostrate; annuli none; peristome double; outer surface of the exostome teeth with a zigzag median line, coarsely papillose above, cross-striate below, inner surface trabeculate; endostome segments keel, perforate; basal membrane high; cilia 1–2. Calyptrae cucullate, naked, smooth. Spores medium-size, papillose.