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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.
Multiple Choice Questions
1. What motivates Voltaire to accept Prince Frederick's invitation and travel expenses to join him in his court in Potsdam?
(a) his curiosity about German philosophy
(b) an opportunity to learn German
(c) a warrant for his arrest in Paris
(d) his sorrow after the death of his mistress
2. In what way is Bacon's reconstruction thought superior to that of Aristotle?
(a) more flexible for the people
(b) more practical than theoretical
(c) less idealistic and more severe
(d) less detailed, evolving slowly
3. What does Spinoza suggest the aim of Biblical language is meant to do?
(a) to conceal great mysteries
(b) to attract the imagination of popular minds
(c) to compete with Greek mythology
(d) to attract intellectuals
4. What does Aristotle establish in Athens?
(a) a school of oratory
(b) a system of exchange
(c) a political party
(d) a scientific museum
5. What new philosophy uses faith and reason to force acceptance of untried assumptions and conclusions?
6. How far is Alexander able to spread Greek culture?
(a) into Asia Minor
(b) all over the world
(c) into Persia
(d) into Egypt
7. What does Bacon suggest should be observed similar to Machiavellian philosophy?
(a) what men do rather than what they should do
(b) how to discipline the masses
(c) the futility of the aristocratic form of government
(d) who has the most power
8. What is something Voltaire is noted for with his critics?
(a) ignoring his enemies
(b) suing his enemies in court
(c) destroying enemies with a pen
(d) challenging his enemies to duels
9. Who are Francis Bacon's relative that cause it to be said that his political career began at his birth in 1561?
(a) leaders of the Church of England
(b) well-placed English aristocrats
(c) pretenders to the English throne
(d) aristocrats from Spain and the Netherlands
10. What happened after Spinoza dispensed with faith?
(a) the faithful dispensed with him
(b) the faithful were devastated
(c) religion died
(d) new religions sprang up
11. What does Spinoza say a literal interpretation of the Bible does?
(a) makes it easy to understand
(b) gives it broader meaning
(c) opens the Bible to errors
(d) gives no scientific evidence
12. What are two theories from the Orient that gain acceptance in Greece?
(a) Polytheism and atheism
(b) Confucianism and communism
(c) Stoicism and Epicureanism
(d) Buddhism and Hinduism
13. What does Baruch Spinoza begin to feel about his traditional Jewish education?
(a) unsatisfied with answers he gets in the synagogue
(b) confused by different interpretations of the Torah
(c) tired with how long it takes
(d) fulfilled educationally
14. What does Spinoza call the highest knowledge of universal unity?
(a) the intellectual equivalent of the love of God
(b) the educated answers to philosophical questions
(c) the lessons from philosophers of the past
(d) understanding the influence of the stars
15. What does Voltaire do when he is sentenced to the Bastille a second time?
(a) goes to Switzerland
(b) changes his name
(c) escapes to England
(d) appeals to the Regent
Short Answer Questions
1. What does not affect France like it does Germany and England?
2. What does the Roman empire eventually become?
3. How does Spinoza explain references to God's halting the natural function of nature on several occasions in the Bible?
4. What is Voltaire's literary output?
5. How old is Francis Bacon when he resolves to turn philosophy from scholastic arguments to illumination and increase of human good?
This section contains 580 words
(approx. 2 pages at 300 words per page)