|Publication number||US7578460 B2|
|Application number||US 10/463,293|
|Publication date||25 Aug 2009|
|Filing date||17 Jun 2003|
|Priority date||17 Jun 2003|
|Also published as||CA2527408A1, CN1805796A, CN100522369C, CN101637740A, CN101637741A, DE602004015787D1, EP1633933A1, EP1633933B1, US20040256506, WO2004112962A1|
|Publication number||10463293, 463293, US 7578460 B2, US 7578460B2, US-B2-7578460, US7578460 B2, US7578460B2|
|Inventors||Thomas R Berger|
|Original Assignee||Emerson Electric Co.|
|Export Citation||BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan|
|Patent Citations (32), Non-Patent Citations (1), Referenced by (6), Classifications (5), Legal Events (3)|
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet|
The present invention relates generally to food waste disposers and, more particularly, to a food waste disposer having one or more antimicrobial components.
Food waste disposers are known in the art and are typically made of various metal, plastic, and rubber components. Food waste is fed into the disposer from a sink along with water, is reduced within the disposer, and is then flushed to the plumbing system of a house or commercial establishment. The reduced food waste can foster the growth of various microorganisms, such as bacteria, fungus, and mold. These microorganisms can cause objectionable odors within the disposer. They can also cause slimy films on the disposer components, which is particularly objectionable for components that disposer users may need to touch, such as the mounting gasket and the grinding plate within the disposer, which the user will probably perceive as unclean or unhealthy. In addition, microorganisms can potentially hinder operation of the disposer by degrading plastic or rubber components, thereby reducing the longevity of the disposer and its various components.
While these problems have long persisted in the food waste disposer art, the art contains only a very limited disclosure of the application of antimicrobial technologies to the components of a food waste disposers. For example, in U.S. Pat. No. 5,924,635, a flexible cylinder is disclosed which connects the disposer throat to the drain opening of a sink. This cylinder is formed of an antimicrobial rubber produced by adding 0.1% or more of an antimicrobial agent, such as an organic or inorganic iodine agent. However, the '635 patent suggests a narrow usage for such antimicrobial treatment. First, that patent does not recognize or suggest the applicability of antimicrobial technologies to components other than the flexible cylinder. In addition, that patent erroneously suggests that such rubberized antimicrobial components should only be used in a non-load bearing, non-vibration isolation capacity. See, e.g., '635 patent, col. 5, 11. 37-45. Moreover, only one type of antimicrobial treatment, i.e., embedding of iodine agents in a rubber matrix, is disclosed. In short, the art has barely recognized the utility of antimicrobial components in food waste disposers, despite a long felt need for suitable and more comprehensive solutions.
To that end, a need exists in the art for food waste disposers with components that can reduce or eliminate the growth of such microorganisms, which would allow the disposer to stay cleaner during use, make the disposer easier to clean, and reduce the potential for odors. Such solutions, proffered in this disclosure, have applicability to many of the different components in the disposer without significant regard for the component's function.
A food waste disposer having one or more antimicrobial components is disclosed. The components can be metal, plastic, or rubber, and preferably constitute at least those components that a user could come in contact with during operation or maintenance of the disposer and/or components that come in contact with food waste. The plastic and rubber components can either be embedded or coated with an antimicrobial agent. The metal components are preferably powder coated. Exemplary components within the disposer benefiting from such antimicrobial treatment include a metal shredder plate, a metal shredder ring, a rubber mounting gasket, a rubber vibration isolation mount, a rubber vibration isolation tailpipe coupling, and the plastic discharge outlet and associated rubber seals.
The foregoing summary, which constitute preferred embodiments, will be best understood with reference to a detailed description of specific embodiments, which follows, when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
While the disclosed food waste disposers having one or more antimicrobial components are susceptible to various modifications and alternative forms, specific embodiments thereof have been shown by way of example in the drawings and are herein described in detail. The figures and written description are not intended to limit the scope of the inventive concepts. Rather, the figures and written description are provided to illustrate the inventive concepts to a person of skill in the art as required by 35 U.S.C. § 112.
In the interest of clarity, not all features of actual implementations of a food waste disposer having antimicrobial components are described in the disclosure that follows. It will of course be appreciated that in the development of any such actual implementation, as in any such project, numerous engineering and design decisions must be made to achieve the developers' specific goals, e.g., compliance with mechanical and business related constraints, which will vary from one implementation to another.
A. Description of Disposer Components
The main thrust of this disclosure is that several components of a food disposer can be made to inhibit microbial growth, which as noted earlier assists in keeping the disposer clean, in reducing odors, and in protecting the disposer from microbial degradation. Antimicrobial techniques are disclosed that can enhance both hydrocarbon components (e.g., plastic or rubber) and metal components. Before disclosing the applicability of these antimicrobial techniques to the components in a food waste disposer, it is useful to review the various components of food waste disposers that have been disclosed in the art. Thereafter, this disclosure will turn to the enhancement of these components through the use of the disclosed antimicrobial techniques.
The grinding housing 30 is attached to motor housing 50 by a plurality of bolts 56 connected to the lower end frame 54 and the grinding housing 30. The grinding housing 30 has a peripheral sidewall 32, a bottom surface 34, and a discharge outlet 36. The grinding housing 30 contains a grinding mechanism 40 for reducing food waste. A number of grinding mechanisms 40 known in the art can be used to reduce food waste in the disposer 10, such as those disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,007,006 and 6,439,487, and U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/790,311, filed Mar. 1, 2004, and entitled “Food Waste Reduction Mechanism for Disposer,” which are incorporated herein by reference in their entireties. These and other grinding mechanisms can be used with the disposer 10 and can benefit from the disclosed antimicrobial techniques.
In the present embodiment, the grinding mechanism 40 includes a rotating shredder plate 42 with a lower support plate 43 adjacent thereto and a stationary shredder ring 46. The rotating shredder plate 42 and the lower support plate 43 are mounted to the motor shaft 64, which imparts rotation to the shredder plate 42 during operation of the disposer 10. Typically, the rotating shredder plate 42 has lugs 44 fastened to the plate 42 that may be fixed or free to rotate. In the illustrated embodiment, the lugs 44 are attached by a stationary attaching member 45 that extends through the rotating shredder plate 42 and the lower support plate 43, such that the lug 44 is rotatable about the member 45. The rotating shredder plate 42, the lower support plate 43 and the lugs 44 are preferably composed of stainless steel.
The stationary shredder ring 46 is attached to an inner surface of the inlet housing 20, but could also be attached to the inner wall 32 of the grinding housing 30 depending on the extent to which the grinding housing 30 encompasses the grinding mechanism 40 for a particular embodiment. The stationary shredder ring 46 is preferably composed of stamped, stainless steel. Alternatively, the stationary shredder ring 46 can be cast out of NiHard—an abrasion resistant nickel chromium martensitic white iron with a brinell hardness of 550 to 600. The stationary shredder ring 46 includes a plurality of teeth 47 for reducing food waste in conjunction with the lugs 44 on the rotating shredder plate 42.
In the present embodiment, the grinding housing 30 is composed of die cast metal. In an alternative embodiment, the grinding housing 30 can be formed of a suitable plastic, such as acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyester, polyphenylene sulfide, or possibly a bulk molding compound (BMC). Food waste reduced by the grinding mechanism 40 leaves the grinding housing 30 through the discharge outlet 36. Because the grinding housing 30 can be composed of die cast metal, a liner 33 composed of plastic may preferably used to direct the reduced food waste and water toward the discharge outlet 36 in the grinding housing 30.
Upon leaving the discharge outlet 36, the reduced food waste enters a tailpipe 38 connecting the discharge outlet 36 to a waste line 39. One end of a tailpipe 38 attaches to the discharge outlet 36 using a coupling known in the art that has a rubberized discharge gasket 37 a and a mounting flange 37 b. Another end of the pipe 38 attaches to a waste line 39 of the household plumbing by techniques known in the art. Other discharge couplings can also be used, such as anti-vibration discharge coupling connecting the discharge 36 to the waste line 39. Vibration isolation discharge couplings having rubberized components are disclosed in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/300,219, filed Nov. 20, 2002, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. For example,
Returning again to
The inlet 24 of the housing 20 attaches to a sink (not shown) using a mounting mechanism 12. A number of mounting mechanisms known in the art can used to attach the disposer 10 to the sink. In the present embodiment, the mounting mechanism 12 used is similar to that disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,025,007, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. The mounting mechanism 12 includes a sink flange 14 and a mounting gasket 16. Other mounting techniques and devices can be used with the disposer 10. For example, vibration isolation mounting devices for use with the disposer 10 are disclosed in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/300,219, filed Nov. 20, 2002, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. In another example, U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/404,581, filed Apr. 1, 2003 and entitled “Over-Molded Vibration Isolation Gasket for Mounting Food Waste Disposer to Sink,” which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety, discloses vibration isolation mounting devices having a rubberized mounting gasket that can be used to isolate vibration at the attachment of the disposer 10 to the sink. In
Referring now to
The inlet housing 20 of
The grinding housing 30 in
Although the food waste disposer 10 in
B. Components of the Disposer Having Embedded Antimicrobial Agents
1. Plastic Components Having Embedded Antimicrobial Agents
In accordance with one aspect of this disclosure, one or more of the plastic components of the disposer 10 are preferably formed with an antimicrobial agent embedded in the material of the component. Suitable plastic components lending themselves to the disclosed antimicrobial treatment include the plastic inlet housing 20 (
There are several manufacturers of antimicrobial agents and several techniques for embedding the agent into the plastic material that can be used with the plastic components of the disposer 10. In one example, a surface of a disposer component composed of a polymeric material can be impregnated with a non-leaching antimicrobial metal, such as silver, using techniques disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,520,664, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
In another example, MICROBAN™ additives, which can be obtained from MICROBAN International Ltd., are suitable antimicrobial agents for embedding in the plastic components of the disposer 10. Particular teachings relevant to the use of antimicrobial agents, such as MICROBAN additives, are disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,533,435, 5,919,554, 6,108,847, 6,171,496, 6,238,575, 6,283,308, 6,448,305, 6,531,519, 6,540,915, and 6,540,916, which are incorporated herein by reference in their entireties.
In general, MICROBAN constitutes an additive that is incorporated into the resin used to make a plastic component. The MICROBAN additive and the resin for the plastic component are blended together, melted, and extruded into molds to form the plastic component of the disposer 10. Through this process, the active antimicrobial agent of the additive is built into the molecular structure of the plastic component of the disposer 10. Because the antimicrobial agent is thoroughly mixed with the plastic material for the disposer component, the antimicrobial agent will not wash or wear out for the useful lifetime of the disposer 10. Furthermore, various cuts, scratches, nooks, and hard to clean areas that may exist in the component of the disposer 10 can still have antimicrobial protection.
Consideration of a number of factors may be necessary when selecting an appropriate concentration and type of antimicrobial agent to add to the plastic components of the disposer 10. For example, the type of plastic may dictate the concentration and type of antimicrobial agent to be used. Moreover, higher concentrations of antimicrobial additives may be need for plastic components frequently exposed to food waste. For example, the plastic dishwasher inlet 23 of the disposer 10 may require a smaller concentration of an antimicrobial agent than would the plastic housing 20, 30. For a plastic housings 20, 30 composed of ABS, a MICROBAN additive package of SAN/B #2100-100 at a concentration of approximately 2000 p.p.m. has been shown to produce acceptable bacterial and fungal protection at a substantially low loading level. This additive comprises chlorinated phenoxy, although other agents such as diiodomethyl-p-tolylsulfone (in MICROBAN™ AF), or both together, could also be used. Of course, this additive and its concentration are merely illustrative, and one skilled in the art will understand that modifications are possible.
2. Rubber Components Having Embedded Antimicrobial Agents
One or more of the rubber components of the disposer 10 can also be formed with an antimicrobial agent embedded in the rubber material. Rubber components of the disposer 10 benefiting from such treatment include, for example, the mounting gasket 16, the baffle 18, and the discharge gasket 37 b. In addition, rubberized components of a vibration isolation discharge coupling, such as shown in
In one example, the mounting gasket 16 (
C. Other Modifications
Other embeddable antimicrobial agents and plastics containing such agents can be used with the disposer 10. For example, Wells Plastics offers antimicrobial additives for polymers, including the T-Series, which is based on Tricolsan, and IONPURE, an inorganic silver-based compound. Wells Plastics also offers other antimicrobial additives for use with plastics and/or rubbers, including Dupont's MICROFREE and Akzo Nobel's INTERCIDE. Akcros Chemicals of Eccles, Manchester, UK offers INTERCIDE products that can be used in flexible PVC and offers biocides for other plastics as well. In particular, INTERCIDE DP8438F can be used with polyolefins and can confer antimicrobial properties to the surface of a product composed of a polyolefin and INTERCIDE. PBM Plastics of Newport News, Va. offers antimicrobial materials that include a zirconium phosphate-based ceramic, ion-exchange resin containing silver. As is known, silver, like other antimicrobial metals, is effective against a broad spectrum of microorganisms that cause odor, discoloration, biofouling, and other aesthetic problems. R.T. Vanderbilt Company, Inc. of Norwalk, Conn. offers a bioside/fungicide called VANCIDE 89, which acts as a preservative for susceptible plasticizers in rubber and plastics compounds. Thus, VANCIDE 89 can reduce the breakdown and deterioration of rubber components caused by fungi, as well as odors emitted by fungi. Ensinger Gmbh offers antimicrobial plastics containing the antimicrobial agent AGION, which prevents growth and migration of bacteria, yeasts, molds, and fungi. The antimicrobial agent AGION is based on a dosage system, in which silver ions are emitted in a controlled fashion for long-term effectiveness, and which is proven to inhibit the growth of microbes such as coli bacteria, salmonella, and staphylococci.
C. Components of Disposer Having Antimicrobial Coatings
Coatings may also be used to provide antimicrobial resistance to various components in the food waste disposer 10. Such components are preferably composed of metal, but may also be formed of plastic or rubber.
1. Metal Components Having Antimicrobial Coatings
One or more of the metal components of the disposer 10 are preferably coated with an antimicrobial coating. Suitable metal components of the disposer 10 which lend themselves to such treatment include, but are not limited to the metal sink flange 12, the metal inlet housing 20 (
There are several antimicrobial coatings that can be used to coat the metal components of the disposer 10. A preferred antimicrobial coating for use with metal components of the disposer 10 includes AGION™ antimicrobial compounds, which can be obtained from AGION Technologies. Particular teachings of antimicrobial agents, such as AGION, are disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,248,342, 6,267,590, 6,296,863, 6,365,130, and 6,436,422, which are incorporated herein by reference in their entireties. In general, AGION is an antimicrobial compound having an active ingredient of silver ions bonded to a naturally occurring ceramic material, such as zeolite. The silver zeolite combination is formed into a powder and is blended into an epoxy resin that can be applied to the metal component (e.g., inlet housing 20 of
As is known, the growth of microbes can occur on metal components, such as the metal housing, when exposed to moisture, including ambient moisture in the air. When coated with antimicrobial agent, the moisture causes release of silver ions from the coating, which can kill microbes by interacting with multiple binding sites on the surface of the microbes. Preferably, the antimicrobial coating has a maximum release rate of silver so that the silver releases very slowly even with increased moisture, insuring long-term protection for the coated metal housing 20. Other antimicrobial metals can be used as well.
For coating metal components of the disposer 10, such as the stainless steel inlet housing 20 described in
Antimicrobial coatings can also applied to metal components of the grinding mechanism 40 of the disposer 10, such as the shredder plate 42, lugs 44, and the shredder ring 46. As noted above, the shredder plate 42 and lugs 44 are preferably composed of stainless steel, and the shredder ring 46 is preferably composed of stainless steel or NiHard. These components of the grinding mechanism 40 are subject to impact forces, which can potentially scratch or wear the antimicrobial coating applied to the components. Therefore, a substantially scratch and abrasion resistant coating for metal, such as those offered by DuPont and discussed above, are preferably used for these components.
2. Plastic and/or Rubber Components Having Antimicrobial Coatings
Plastic and/or rubber components of the disposer 10 can also be coated with an antimicrobial coating. Suitable plastic and rubber components of the disposer 10 benefiting from such coatings include the plastic inlet housing 20 (
The antimicrobial coatings that can be used with metal components, discussed above, may also be used to coat the rubber and plastic components of the disposer 10. For example, the plastic and rubber components of the disposer 10, such as the plastic housings 20, 30 of
Consideration of a number of factors may be necessary when selecting an appropriate antimicrobial coating for the components of the disposer 10. For example, the effects of temperature on the coating, the expected lifetime of the coating, the scratch and abrasion resistance of the coating, the flexibility of the coating (should it be applied to a flexible component), and the effectiveness against various microorganisms should be considered.
In short, the foregoing disclosure makes clear that many, or all, of the components which make up a food waste disposer can be made to be antimicrobial resistant, without significant limitation and using well known techniques. While the various method for rendering the components antimicrobial, as well as the various materials for these components, are discussed separately above, one skilled in the art will appreciate that any combination of the disclosed components, and their methods of treatment, can be used in fabricating a food waste disposer.
As used in this disclosure, plastics and rubbers are distinct from one another. “Antimicrobial metals,” consistent with the definition provided in U.S. Pat. No. 5,520,664, col. 5, 11. 3-8, refer to elements which exhibit antimicrobial properties, including chromium, zirconium, aluminum, nickel, tungsten, molybdenum, tantalum, platinum, palladium, iridium, gold, silver, mercury, copper, zinc, cadmium, and alloy or compounds thereof. Antimicrobial metals do not include halide elements, such as chlorine, bromine, or iodine.
The foregoing description of preferred and other embodiments is not intended to limit or restrict the scope or applicability of the inventive concepts conceived of by the Applicant. It is intended that the invention include all modifications and alterations to the full extent that they come within the scope of the following claims or the equivalents thereof.
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|US9222246 *||28 Oct 2013||29 Dec 2015||General Electric Company||Waste disposal with enhanced water management features|
|US20130048768 *||28 Feb 2013||Emerson Electric Co.||Battery powered food waste disposer|
|US20150115080 *||28 Oct 2013||30 Apr 2015||General Electric Company||Waste disposal with enhanced water management features|
|USD746100||25 Aug 2014||29 Dec 2015||Emerson Electric Co.||Food waste disposer|
|USD753432||12 Jan 2015||12 Apr 2016||Emerson Electric Co.||Food waste disposer|
|USD753433||12 Jan 2015||12 Apr 2016||Emerson Electric Co.||Food waste disposer|
|International Classification||B02C23/36, E03C1/266|
|17 Jun 2003||AS||Assignment|
Owner name: EMERSON ELECTRIC CO., MISSOURI
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:BERGER, THOMAS R;REEL/FRAME:014203/0278
Effective date: 20030617
|7 Sep 2010||CC||Certificate of correction|
|25 Feb 2013||FPAY||Fee payment|
Year of fee payment: 4