PiB PET Scanning in Speech and Language Based Dementias
Primary Progressive Aphasia
Apraxia of Speech
Primary Progressive Nonfluent Aphasia
Drug: C-11 PiB
Drug: F-18 FDG
|Study Design:||Intervention Model: Single Group Assignment
Masking: Open Label
Primary Purpose: Diagnostic
|Official Title:||PiB PET Scanning in Speech and Language Based Dementias|
- Percentage of patients with different speech and language based dementia (SLD) subtypes who have a [N-methyl-11C]2-(4'-methylaminophenyl)-6-hydroxybenzothiazole (PiB) positive positron emission tomography (PET) scan at presentation [ Time Frame: Study entry, approximately day 1 or day 2 of study ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
- Percentage of patients who exhibit apraxia of speech as measured by the Apraxia of Speech Rating Scale at presentation [ Time Frame: Study entry, approximately day 1 or day 2 of study ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]Apraxia of Speech Rating Scale has been developed by the speech pathologists involved in this study, and has tested to be reliable. The scale ranges from 0-4; 0=apraxia of speech not present, 4=apraxia of speech nearly always evident and marked in severity.
- Temporoparietal hypometabolism as shown on [18-F]-fluoro-deoxy-glucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) scan at presentation [ Time Frame: Study entry, approximately day 1 or day 2 of study ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
- Grey matter loss as shown on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at presentation [ Time Frame: Study entry, approximately day 1 or day 2 of study ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
|Study Start Date:||March 2010|
|Study Completion Date:||January 2015|
|Primary Completion Date:||January 2015 (Final data collection date for primary outcome measure)|
Experimental: PiB and FDG positron emission tomography (PET)
All subjects will receive PiB and FDG PET diagnosis on approximately day 1 or day 2 of study to determine if they have beta-amyloid deposits in their brains.
Drug: C-11 PiB
One time intravenous administration of 740 megabecquerel (MBq) of [N-methyl-11C]2-(4'-methylaminophenyl)-6-hydroxybenzothiazole (PiB) (range 370 - 740 MBq).
Other Name: Pittsburgh Compound BDrug: F-18 FDG
One time intravenous administration of 629 megabecquerel (MBq) of [18-F]-fluoro-deoxy-glucose (FDG) (range 555 - 740 MBq).
Other Name: Fluorodeoxyglucose-18
Speech and language based dementias (SLDs) (often referred to as primary progressive aphasias or PPA) are neurodegenerative diseases in which speech or language impairments are the most salient features of the disease and explain deficits in activities of daily living. Patients with SLDs may have poor grammar, prominent anomia, comprehension deficits, speech production and articulation problems, difficulty with repetition of words or sentences, word finding pauses, or a combination of all these features. The SLDs can be further divided into different subtypes. Up to 50% of patients with SLDs that go on to autopsy have shown Alzheimer type pathology where beta-amyloid deposition is observed; the rest have pathology consistent with frontotemporal lobar degeneration where beta-amyloid deposition is absent. Future disease modifying treatments that target beta-amyloid will most likely differ from treatments that do not target beta-amyloid. As a consequence, biomarkers are needed to differentiate patients with SLDs with and without beta-amyloid deposition.
Little research has been done to identify biomarkers that could differentiate patients with SLDs with and without beta-amyloid, mainly because the gold standard to identify the presence of beta-amyloid has been pathological examination, which does not always occur, and may not occur until more than 10 years after onset. The recent development of [N-methyl-11C]2-(4'-methylaminophenyl)-6-hydroxybenzothiazole also known as 11C Pittsburgh Compound B or PiB is a solution to this problem since PiB allows the in vivo detection of beta-amyloid. Unfortunately, PiB is very expensive.
The long term goal of our research is to develop a cost effective algorithmic approach to the evaluation and diagnosis of patients presenting with SLDs. The objective of the studies outlined in this proposal is to identify clinical, neuropsychological, or imaging biomarkers that are readily available, relatively inexpensive, and non-invasive that will allow the differentiation of patients with SLDs with and without beta-amyloid deposition. We will use PiB as an indicator of beta-amyloid pathology. Our proposal is predicated upon our strong preliminary data showing that clinical, neuropsychological and radiological features differ between patients with SLDs with and without beta-amyloid deposition. Our central hypothesis is that temporo-parietal lobe findings such as memory loss, visuospatial/perceptual impairment, parietal lobe atrophy on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and parietal lobe hypometabolism on [18-F]-fluoro-deoxy-glucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET), will be associated with beta-amyloid deposition (PiB positive status). On-the-other hand, frontal lobe features, such as apraxia of speech and behavioral and executive dysfunction, as well as extrapyramidal features such as Parkinsonism, will be associated with absence of beta-amyloid deposition (PiB negative status). The rationale for examining these clinical-imaging relationships is that successful predictions will provide a solid scientific foundation for the ultimate development of a cost effective algorithm to guide the diagnosis of SLDs.
Patients found to be eligible and willing to enroll in this study will be asked to undergo a Neurologic Examination, a Speech Pathology Consultation, Neuropsychometric testing, an MRI scan, an FDG PET scan and a PiB PET scan of the brain. This will be done over a period of two days at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, MN.
Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01623284
|United States, Minnesota|
|Rochester, Minnesota, United States, 55905|
|Principal Investigator:||Keith A Josephs, M.D. MST, MSc||Mayo Clinic|