The right combination of plumbing and pumps is essential.
A pump circulates water against the resistance caused by gravity and
friction. The pump has to overcome gravity to raise the water above the
pond's surface -- the higher the water is pumped, the more resistance
the pump will face, and the less water will be delivered per minute.
The friction of the water moving through pipes also causes
resistance to flow. A small diameter pipe causes more friction than the
same length of a larger pipe, and the resistance increases as the flow
rate increases. Because the resistance due to friction is not constant
at all flow rates, it is called dynamic head.
Please feel free to contact us should you require help in the selection and application of these specialty fittings.