Releasing zoning data is an important first step to developing a better public understanding about this local government process that impacts the most physical elements of neighborhoods. Having better standards for releasing this information could lead to even better understanding of zoning and its impacts, encouraging more reuse and analysis of the data in apps, news stories and beyond.
While zoning is an especially complex dataset because of its its many variables from city to city, among other reasons, there are a few steps cities could take to improve the quality of this data and its ability to be reused and analyzed. Many of these ideas can be found in our Open Data Policy Guidelines.
1. Mandate timeliness -- Releasing zoning data in a timely manner, and updating it when changes are made, gives people a chance to be aware of and react to changes that might impact them.
2. Use open formats -- Open, structured data helps encourage reuse and analysis, and for zoning data releasing several different kinds of open structured data might be helpful for different levels of users. CSV or XML files are formats that can be used for spreadsheets with zoning information. File formats specific to geospatial software, from shapefiles to GeoJSON, can help encourage the development of more advanced apps and mapping of zoning data.
3. Include metadata -- Including metadata in zoning data releases can help ensure data quality and make archiving and organizing easier, especially as the amount of data increases.
4. Publish historical data -- Governments should consider publishing versions of zoning data so people can track how the regulations have changed over time. These versioned datasets could help reveal patterns in how zoning regulations change throughout a city's history.
5. Publish information about both the zoning process and its outcomes -- As we noted in our look at the landscape of municipal zoning data, it is important to include information about both the zoning process and its effects. Without this information about zoning regulations and how those regulations are created, people are left with an incomplete picture of how they can interact with zoning.
Thanks to Andrew Hill, Lou Huang, and John Wonderlich for contributing information to this post.