↑ ab"Country Profile: Iran". Federal Research Division Library of Congress. 1 Méi 2008. Diarsipkan dari yang asli pada 26 Pébruari 2005. Diakses pada 13 Januari 2012. "16% of 70 million [11.2 million]"
↑"Iran". CIA: The World Factbook. CIA. 14 Nopémber 2011. Diakses pada 13 Januari 2012. "16% of 77,891,220 [12.5 million]"
↑Swietochowski, Tadeusz; Collins, Brian C. (1999). Historical dictionary of Azerbaijan. Lanham, Maryland: Scarecrow Press. ISBN0-8108-3550-9. 15 million (1999)
↑Minahan, James (2002). Encyclopedia of the Stateless Nations: S-Z. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 1765. ISBN978-0-313-32384-3. Approximately (2002e) 18,500,000 Southern Azeris in Iran, concentrated in the northwestern provinces of East and West Azerbaijan. It is difficult to determine the exact number of Southern Azeris in Iran, as official statistics are not published detailing Iran's ethnic structure. Estimates of the Southern Azeri population range from as low as 12 million up to 40% of the population of Iran – that is, nearly 27 million.
↑Shaffer, Brenda (2003). Borders and Brethren: Iran and the Challenge of Azerbaijani Identity. MIT Press. pp. 221–225. ISBN0-262-19477-5. There is considerable lack of consensus regarding the number of Azerbaijanis in Iran ... Azerbaijani student groups in Iran claim that there are 27 million Azerbaijanis residing in Iran.
↑Roy, Olivier (2007). The new Central Asia. I.B. Tauris. p. 6. ISBN978-1-84511-552-4. The mass of the Oghuz who crossed the Amu Darya towards the west left the Iranian plateaux, which remained Persian, and established themselves more to the west, in Anatolia. Here they divided into Ottomans, who were Sunni and settled, and Turkmens, who were nomads and in part Shiite (or, rather, Alevi). The latter were to keep the name 'Turkmen' for a long time: from the 13th century onwards they 'Turkised' the Iranian populations of Azerbaijan (who spoke west Iranian languages such as Tat, which is still found in residual forms), thus creating a new identity based on Shiism and the use of Turkish. These are the people today known as Azeris.
↑Harcave, Sidney (1968). Russia: A History: Sixth Edition. Lippincott. p. 267.
↑Mojtahed-Zadeh, Pirouz (2007). Boundary Politics and International Boundaries of Iran: A Study of the Origin, Evolution, and Implications of the Boundaries of Modern Iran with Its 15 Neighbors in the Middle East by a Number of Renowned Experts in the Field. Universal. p. 372. ISBN1-58112-933-5.