This is the home page for men predicted and confirmed L13 and negative for the subgroup.
So far only a single man has been confirmed L13+ but negative for the subgroup. We have
also included men only predicted L13 in this section. It would be helpful if they had additional
testing to clarify their status. The great bulk of them are thought to belong to the L13
subgroup. Several labs were involved in identifying L13. So it is also called U13 or S131.
L78 (also called M217) is so far equivalent to L13.
The above diagram shows L13's position in the G tree. It is the youngest of a
series of mutations, each one covering fewer persons as the tree branched.
All L13 men have all the mutations shown above it in the tree.
A separate page exists for each of these mutations and the persons covered by them.
See tabs on left. The G-L140, G-P287 and G-M201 pages have significant additional
L13 has a single subgroup, consisting of men who share the Z2022 mutation.
Age of L13
While the age of the divergence of L13's mother group has been calculated as about
10,500 yrs using the SNP counting method in whole sequencing, no one has yet
calculated the age of L13 within the U1 subgroup. The availability of other L13
samples in whole sequencing will allow this.
Geographical Distribution of L13
Because current information only provides a single man from Armenia as having
L13, but negative for subgroups, no conclusion can be made about the possible
geographical spread of men with the same findings.
Origin of L13
Again, with only one sample with which to work presently, little can be determined
of the origins of L13.
The project does provide maps for each subgroup, but with only one man confirmed
in the category here, there is little to see.
No studies have been made of L13+ men negative for subgroups.
The following L13+ men not fully tested for subgroups have the following results
for newer, poorly defined SNP mutations:
items in red are L13 subgrps + means positive, - means negative
L1343+ Melik-Alaverdian perhaps deserves more testing, pos in Z2014 sub
L1344+ Melik-Alaverdian perhaps deserves more testing, pos in Z2014 sub
L1354+ Melik-Alaverdian perhaps deserves more testing, neg. in L13 subgroup
Z1992+ Melik-Alaverdian perhaps deserves more testing, neg. part U1, pos in L13 subs
Z1993+ Melik-Alaverdian perhaps deserves more testing, neg. part U1, pos in L13 subs
Z2005+ Melik-Alaverdian perhaps deserves more testing, neg. part U1, pos in L13 subs
Z2006+ Melik-Alaverdian perhaps deserves more testing, neg. part U1, pos in L13 subs
Z2013+ Melik-Alaverdian perhaps deserves more testing, neg. part U1, pos in L13 subs
Z2024+ Melik-Alaverdian perhaps deserves more testing, neg. part U1, pos in L13 subs
Z2026+ Melik-Alaverdian perhaps deserves more testing, pos in only some of L13 subs
Z2027+ Melik-Alaverdian perhaps deserves more testing, neg. part U1, pos in L13 subs
more info about these SNPs can be found at:
type L1325, for example, in the Landmark box. After searching, look
for the small L1325 in the colored area and click on it.