transfer of genetic material from one cell to another
viruses that infect bacteria
contains nitrogen and carbon atoms and is a base (accepts hydrogen atoms)
adenine and guanine
thymine, cytosine, and uracil
C to G, A to T
complementary base pairs
order of nitrogenous bases on a chain
separate DNA strands by breaking hydrogen bonds
DNA is copied in a cell before it divides
y-shaped region that is created when 2 strands separate from each other
add complementary nucteotides (found floating in the nucleus) to the original strands
each of the new DNA molecules has kept one of the two original DNA strands
change in the nucleotide sequence of a DNA molecule (can disrupt an important cell function)
(RNA) Copied DNA. One strand, contains uracil
corresponding RNA strand forms
RNA forms the protein
carries message to ribosome
bonds to amino acids in the cytoplasm
forming proteins based on DNA and carried out by RNA
enzyme that binds to gene's promoter
specific nucleotide sequence of DNA when RNA polymerase binds and starts transcription
specific sequence of nucleotides that marks the end of a gene
rules that relate how a sequence of nitrogenous basis responds to an amino acid
3-nucleotide sequence in mRNA that encodes an amino acid or signifies a start or stop signal
certain sequences of nucleotides in mRNA
three nucleotides on RNA that are complementary to the codons
complete genetic content
1949. A-T, C-G, No U in DNA. Discovered DNA was a molecule.
griffith and avery
1900's. used BACTERIA viruent into a non-effected bacteria, in which the noninfected bacteria was then filled will virulent DNA and made you sick
hershey and chase
watson and crick
1953. Proposed structure for DNA
what forms when RNA stays in the nucleus instead of moving to the cytoplasm?
transcription takes place...
translation takes place..
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