|Publication number||US7662203 B2|
|Application number||US 11/447,638|
|Publication date||Feb 16, 2010|
|Priority date||Oct 28, 2002|
|Also published as||CN1826163A, CN100406102C, CN101311521A, CN101311521B, DE60316176D1, DE60316176T2, EP1558360A1, EP1558360B1, EP1987872A1, EP1987872B1, EP2243537A1, EP2243537B1, US7070642, US7988757, US8460425, US8852309, US20040134171, US20060225389, US20100126131, US20110283669, US20130269302, US20150020487, WO2004039476A1|
|Publication number||11447638, 447638, US 7662203 B2, US 7662203B2, US-B2-7662203, US7662203 B2, US7662203B2|
|Inventors||James R. Scott, Carolyn J. Finnerty, Steven Scott Gieseke, Douglas Lee Iddings, William M. Juliar, Gregory Lavallee|
|Original Assignee||Donaldson Company, Inc.|
|Export Citation||BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan|
|Patent Citations (153), Non-Patent Citations (2), Referenced by (63), Classifications (33), Legal Events (2)|
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet|
This application is a continuation of U.S. patent Ser. No. 10/691,856 filed Oct. 23, 2003 now U.S. Pat. No. 7,070,642, which application is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. A claim of priority from U.S. patent Ser. No. 10/691,856 is incorporated herein to the extent appropriate. U.S. Ser. No. 10/691,856 issued as U.S. Pat. No. 7,070,642 on, on Jul. 4, 2006.
The parent disclosure claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/421,882 filed Oct. 28, 2002; and U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/453,737 filed Mar. 6, 2003, both of which are incorporated herein by reference. A priority right, to the extent appropriate, is claimed from each of the two identified provisional applications.
The present disclosure concerns air cleaners. It particularly concerns air cleaners with removable and replaceable (i.e., serviceable) filter cartridges. The particular arrangement disclosed uses a first stage separator or precleaner, to facilitate operation. Methods of assembly and use are also provided.
Air filtering is used in a variety of arrangements. A typical application is as an air cleaner for intake air to internal combustion engines. After a period of use, filter media within the cleaner requires servicing, either through cleaning or complete replacement. Typically, for an air cleaner used with an internal combustion engine such as on a vehicle, filter media is contained in a removable or replaceable (i.e., serviceable) component, element or cartridge. Examples are shown in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,211,543; 4,135,899; 3,672,130; B1 5,445,241; 5,700,304; 6,051,042; 6,039,778; 5,547,480; 5,755,842; and 5,800,581; and PCT publication WO 89/01818; the complete disclosures of all of these references being incorporated herein by reference. U.S. application Ser. No. 09/729,033 filed Dec. 4, 2000 also shows such an element, with a unique interaction shown between the element and an end cover. The disclosure of the Ser. No. 09/729,033 application is also incorporated herein by reference.
Improvements in filter arrangements relating to assembly and use, are desirable.
The present disclosure concerns improvements in air cleaners. The techniques are particularly developed for use with air cleaners for cleaning engine air intake for an internal combustion engine, such as used with a vehicle such as a bus, truck or mobile equipment such as a tractor or construction equipment, or a stationary generator. The improvements generally relate to air cleaners in which filter media is part of a removable and replaceable (i.e., serviceable) component.
A number of improvements are brought forward by the present disclosure, and in the figures embodiments depicting examples of the various improvements described, are provided. However, it is not necessary that all of the possible improvements described be incorporated in any given air cleaner system or component; and, variations from the embodiments described are possible.
Many of the improvements relate to unique possible constructions of primary filter element cartridges. Examples of these optional improvements, described in detail below, include:
Optional improvements provided herein also relate to structure circumscribed by the primary filter cartridge during use. Some of these optional improvements relate, for example, to the following:
In addition, improvements described herein are also provided with respect to an air cleaner housing. Some of the improvements, for example, relate to the following:
Herein, improvements in a housing end cover, associated with an air cleaner housing sidewall, are also provided. Some of these optional improvements, for example, relate to the following:
Also provided herein are improvements in use.
It will also be apparent from the detailed discussion, that the preferred components can be configured to facilitate manufacture and assembly. Examples of some of these optional improvements include the following:
Specific examples of features that provide for the above, are shown in the drawings and are described in the detailed description below. In general, individual ones are usable, to provide improvement. In the preferred embodiments depicted, selected one of the various features are coordinated together, in a unique, improved, air cleaners and in unique air cleaner componentry arrangements.
The present disclosure concerns an air cleaner configuration. A variety of enhancements to prior art air cleaners is provided. Various ones, or selected ones, of the enhancements can be used to provide a useful air cleaner. The particular air cleaner depicted in
The reference numeral 1,
The particular housing 2 depicted has a generally cylindrically shaped outer housing sidewall 9; i.e., sidewall 9 is generally circular in cross-section. The air inlet 5 for the embodiment shown is a side entry 5 a, i.e., entry 5 a goes through sidewall 9. Specifically, inlet 5 is a circular, tangential, inlet 10. The term “tangential” in this context is meant to indicate that a center line 11 of the circular inlet 10 is not directed toward a center axis 12,
Still referring to
Tap 6 a, in outlet tube 6, is for attachment of optional pressure or restriction indicators or other equipment.
For the particular embodiment shown, dust drop tube 7 is adjacent first end 16.
In general, cover 20 has no aperture therethrough in the end region 20 a, and is a removable access or service cover 21 mounted on sidewall 9 to close end 17. Service cover 21 is periodically opened or removed, to provide service access to an interior 23,
Attention is now directed to
Still referring to
During normal operation, air to be filtered enters air cleaner assembly 2 through tangential inlet 10,
Referring again to
The shield 37 prevents the air, carrying particles, from immediately impacting the media in cartridge 30, before spiraling (and thus precleaning) occurs. In general, as a result of the cyclonic spin, a substantial portion of the dust particles carried within the air stream will be directed toward inside wall 41 of housing 15, eventually to be ejected through dust drop tube 7. In a typical arrangement, dust drop tube 7 would be covered by an ejector valve 32, shown in phantom in
In a typical embodiment, the ramp 36 spirals at a rate providing about 2 mm. to 4 mm. linear movement or distance away from end 43, per 10° of turn.
Referring again to
As mentioned above, the particular air cleaner assembly 2 depicted, includes an optional secondary or safety element or cartridge 31,
From the above description, general operation of the air cleaner assembly 2 will be understood to be as follows:
Also, certain general structural features of the preferred air cleaner assembly 2 are as follows:
As discussed above, primary filter cartridge 30 is a removable and replaceable (i.e., serviceable) component. That is, primary filter cartridge 30 is constructed to be removable for servicing (for example by replacement). In order to ensure proper operation of air cleaner assembly 2, it is thus necessary that the primary cartridge 30 be constructed for appropriate sealing within housing 3, once installed, so that air does not bypass the media 55 during operation. The air cleaner assembly 2 can be configured to provide for this seal in a variety of manners.
For example, a radial seal between either an internal portion or external portion of the primary element 30, around its outlet end, and another portion of the assembly, could be used. Various types of radial seal systems, adaptable for air cleaners which include componentry having certain features as described herein, are shown for example in PCT Publication WO 89/01818 at 259 and in U.S. Pat. No. 5,938,804,
The particular air cleaner assembly 2 depicted, however, uses a preferred axial seal between the primary filter cartridge 30 and the remainder of the air cleaner 2, to advantage. The term “axial” in this context, is meant to refer to a seal which operates upon sealing pressure in the direction of arrow 68,
More specifically, and referring to
The particular arrangement depicted in
In general, because an inside radial seal of the type described in PCT Publication WO 89/01818 is not used in the preferred air cleaner assembly 2, housing 3 can be made free of any internally, axially, projecting radial seal tubes or cylindrical constructions, at end 16, if desired. Also, because primary filter cartridge 30 is free of any outer radial seals of the type described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,938,804 at 75, the housing sidewall 9 for the preferred embodiment of
The particular mechanism by which secondary or safety cartridge 31 is secured in position, and other features of secondary cartridge 31, are described below in Section VI.
Attention is now directed to
The particular preferred primary filter element or cartridge 30 depicted in
In general, end 57 is an open end, including aperture 71 therein for exit flow of air during a filtering operation. On the other hand, end 58 is a closed end, meaning that air cannot pass through end 58 covered by end cap 93, during normal operation. Features which provide for this in a preferred manner will be understood from the following discussions.
The media and seal support structure 90 is depicted in
From a review of
Attention is now directed to
For the particular embodiment shown, the support 90 extends completely between ends 100 and 101; and, between shield 105 and end 101,
Still referring to
Attention is now directed toward end 101,
Still referring to
During a preferred manufacture of primary element 30, a pre-made, molded plastic, component comprising support 90 would be provided. Pleated media would be put into support 90, through opening 102. The pleated media would be inserted sufficiently far, for an end of the media to rest upon framework 112. Recessed surface 111 a in region 111 projects with the media around it, toward end 102 to define an annular media receiving trough 116 therearound, to help keep the inserted end of the media in a round shape.
End 101 of the framework 90 could then be placed into a mold, including a curable polymeric material. The polymeric material will flow through the framework 112, into the ends of the media pleats, to form a potting, as shown at end cap 93,
Attention is directed to
End cap 93, then, is a composite, closed, end cap 58, with the composite generally comprising: potting material 120 forming an annular, imperforate, ring; and, exposed surface 111 which forms a central imperforate surface in the end cap 93.
Manufacture of the element 30 could be completed, by inserting end 100 into a second mold, and molding end cap 92 thereon. The media 55 would be prevented from dropping through aperture 102, during insertion into the second mold, since it would have been anchored in place to framework 112 by the first molding process.
The primary filter cartridge 30 of the preferred embodiment includes thereon structure to provide for securement of the cartridge 30 in place and assembly 2, during use. For the particular preferred construction illustrated, the mounting structure is provided as an integral part of support 90; however alternatives are possible. The structure can be understood, in part, by review of the support 90,
The engagement structure 129 a in general operates with a portion of cartridge 30 engaging, upon rotation, a portion on the housing section 25. An example of a particular interaction will be understood by reviewing
Radially projecting ring 130, in the embodiment shown, is a segmented ring 131. The particular embodiment shown comprises four identical, evenly spaced, segments 131 a; however alternatives are possible. In
Attention is now directed to
Each holder structure 150 is positioned adjacent an inside surface 41 of housing 9 at region adjacent section 18 b (at a joint area between sections 18 a and 18 b) of the housing sidewall 9. Each holder structure 150 is sized to pass through a gap 136,
From the viewpoint of
Although alternatives are possible, in the particular embodiment shown, the housing 3 would include four holders corresponding to holder 150, evenly radially spaced around an interior of surface section 18 b, each pointing in the same direction. Again, the four holders 150 would generally correspond with the four gaps 136 between the four ring segments, 132-135.
Operational engagement between the primary filter cartridge 30 and the housing 3, to cause sealing between gasket 70 and surface 69 should now be apparent. In general, cartridge 30 would be inserted into the open housing 25 through open end 17,
As a result of the rotational interlock, the cartridge 30 cannot back away from surface 69 without being rotated, due to the holders 150 being positioned against surfaces 146.
From the above, it will be apparent for the particular preferred embodiment shown, the primary filter cartridge 30 includes no inner support structure extending between ends 57, 58, along an inside surface of the media 55. This is advantageous, for manufacture and assembly. When the cartridge 30 is positioned for use, in an air cleaner, inner support to the media 55 is provided by structure already positioned within the housing 3.
More specifically, internal support for the media 55 is provided by a separate support structure 160,
Attention is again directed to the optional rib 105 b shown in
In some alternate embodiments, it may be desirable to have framework 90 not extend continuously from end 100 to end 101; but rather to have the support 90 include shield 105, without framework from end 101; and, to have at opposite end 101 appropriate structure (such as impermeable region 111 and annual open framework 112), for forming a preferred composite end cap.
As indicated previously, the end cover 20 is a service cover 21 that can be removed from the remainder of the housing 25 to allow service access to the interior 23 of the housing.
For the particular embodiment shown, the end cover 20 has no air flow aperture extending therethrough. That is, it has an outside surface 20 a,
Operation, then, is as follows: referring to
An advantage to the particular mounting and locking mechanism 170 described, it is that it comprises features integral with cover 20 and housing 9, and does not require the attachment of any additional mechanisms such as latches, hooks, etc., for operation, after cover 20 is molded.
For the particular mounting system involved, only two tabs 171 and slots 175 are used; and, each tab 171 can engage each one of slots 175. As a result, as thus far described the cover 21 could be mounted in two rotational orientations relative to sidewall 9. However, if this were possible for the particular embodiment depicted, the cover 20 could be mounted such that the orientation between the inlet 5 and the ramp 36 is not appropriate. To ensure that the cover 20 is only mountable in a single rotational position, relative to a remainder of the housing 25, an indexing arrangement can be provided. Specifically a slot and key arrangement can be used, in which one member (slot or key) is positioned on the cover; and another member (key or slot) is on the housing sidewall 9. The two members would be positioned so that the cover can only fit (slot engage key) when it is rotated to a specific pre-set orientation.
An example as illustrated in the embodiment of
Referring again to
Attention is now directed to
Further, as shown at
In particular, it is important that during use, the element 30 not inadvertently rotate relative to the housing 3, to ensure that the seal between gasket material 70 and surface 69 is maintained. That is, relative rotation between element 30 and surface 69 would tend to disengage the interaction between holders 150 and ring segments 131. To inhibit rotational movement of the element 30 relative to the remainder of the housing 3, during assembly and use, projection 191 and receiver 185 are shaped, to engage upon rotation and inhibit a sufficient relative rotational movement between the cartridge 30 and a remainder of air cleaner 25, to allow the cartridge to unseal. The particular shape shown for each is an X-shape. However, with respect to this general function, all that is generally required is that the projection 191 and the receiver 185 not be circular, but rather each be non-circular and have a portion that interacts with the other and inhibits rotational movement of one relative to the other.
The particular use of a four armed cross or X-shape (or +-shape; i.e., “plus shape”) for each member, relates to an indexing and symmetry function. In particular, ring 131 of primary filter cartridge 30 includes a specific number (N) of radially spaced gaps 136. As a result of this configuration, and also the same number (N) of holders 150 and the same number (N) of segments 131, cartridge 30 can be positioned within housing 3, at N specific radial orientations. When N is the number 4, and the four positions are 90° apart, each one of these N radial orientations corresponds to an arm 193 of projection 191. Since there are a total of four gaps 136, four holders 150 and four sections 131, the particular projection 191 depicted is an X-shape 192 with four arms 193 each extending at 90° relative to adjacent arms. Of course, receiver 185,
Such a symmetry between a number of possible rotational positions and engagements, between the primary cartridge 30 and the remainder of the housing 3, will generally be referred to as a primary cartridge/housing rotational symmetry. For the particular embodiment shown, the primary cartridge/housing rotational symmetry is four fold, meaning four rotational orientations, but not more, are possible. Of course, alternatives are possible; however, preferably at least two possible rotational positions are provided.
The extent to which the projection member 191 extends into the recess or receiver 185 (of the preform), of the projection/receiver interlock arrangement 184, is not critical, as long as the extent of projection is enough to inhibit rotation. It is anticipated that in general constructions will be made such that the amount of projection into the receiver 185 from surface 111 a will be at least 3 mm., typically at least 5 mm., and generally on the order of 6 mm. to 10 mm.
Of course the first member of the projection receiver arrangement 183, could be a projection as opposed to a receiver, with the second member being the receiver instead of the projection. That is, the projection/receiver arrangement 184 could be configured with a projection extending axially outwardly from surface 111 a, toward cover 20, to be received within a receiver on end cover 20. The particular arrangement depicted, however, with receiver 185 on the cartridge 30, and the projection 191 on the cover 20, is preferred.
Again, it is noted that impermeable end 111 and framework 112 (
Attention is directed to
For the particular arrangement shown in
Referring again to
End 80 generally defines an open circular interior 80 a, through which air can pass during use. End 81, on the other hand, is closed by cover 215. For the particular embodiment shown, cover 215 includes a recessed center 216, configured as described below.
For the particular safety element depicted in
For the particular embodiment shown, end 222 of inner support 201 defines an open circular opening 222 a, for passage of air therethrough during use; whereas end 223 is closed by end cover 225. The preferred end cover 225 depicted, includes a recessed center portion 226.
The particular components 160, 201 depicted in
For the particular arrangement shown, cover 215 includes a pair of apertures 230 therein, sized and shaped to receive posts 231, on cover 225, for an interlocking engagement. Interference (snap) fit, heat staking or other construction methods can alternatively be used. Preferably in the immediate area where the components 160, 701 directly engage for interlock, there is no media 65 positioned between them.
It is noted that cover 215 is sized and recessed for a telescoping fit or projecting fit, into a recess 225 a defined by cover 225. This, in part, accommodates recess 216 a in support 60 which in turn accommodates the projection/receiver arrangement 184, when air cleaner 2 is assembled,
Attention is still directed to
In those instances in which it is desirable not to utilize optional secondary or safety filter 31, it may be desirable simply to install support 160 with no media 65 or support 201 associated therewith, into housing 3. The support 160 would still operate, then, as inner support for the primary filter cartridge 30.
In general, the apertures 230 and posts 231,
Typically and preferably diameter D1, a largest diameter adjacent end 57, is at least 10% larger than diameter D2, a diameter adjacent a smallest end 58. Typically and preferably the diameter D1 is at least 10 mm. larger than the diameter D2. Such a shape may sometimes be referred to as frusto-conical, since the conical shape does not taper to a point.
This generally conical shape, which includes shield region 105 and open region 106, provides for advantage. First, the narrow end at 241, allows for an outside diameter that accommodates some of the space taken by the ramp 36 and shield 37 of the precleaner 35, without a larger diameter being needed for air cleaner housing sidewall 9. On the other hand, the larger diameter D1 at region 240 allows for a relatively large exit aperture 102 and thus reduction in restriction to exit air flow while maintaining a relatively large amount of media 55. Also, referring to
In general, referring to
Attention is directed to
For the particular embodiment shown, the segmented housing 260 includes, in first section 261, the following: end 16; outlet tube 6; and, down tube 7. In segment 262, the housing 260 includes: inlet tube 5; and, end 17 for mounting cover 20.
Engagement between segments 261 and 262, at joint 263, is provided through an interlock mechanism 270. In general the interlock mechanism 270 includes a plurality of projections 271; and, a plurality of receivers 272, in this instance flexible latches or unshaped hoops 273. The hoops 273 are sized to snugly snap fit over the posts 271, when section 262 is pressed toward section 261. For the particular embodiment shown, each of the posts or projections 271 is generally rectangularly shaped and each of the latches or hoops 273 has a similarly shaped aperture therein, to facilitate snug fit.
For the particular embodiment shown, the projections 271 are evenly radially spaced around outer surface 272 of segment 261; and, the flexible latches or hoops 273 are evenly radially spaced around outer surface 274 of section 262. Alternate constructions are of course possible. For example, the specific locations could be reversed. The particular embodiment shown, however, is preferred.
For the arrangement shown, the central aperture of each latch or hoop 273 has a perimeter size of about 12 mm. wide, with the post or projections 271 having a similar width. Each post 271 has a length of about 11 mm., with a cam shape from tip 271 a to sharp edge 271 b,
In a preferred embodiment, at least six radially spaced posts 271, and six radially spaced latches 273, are used. Typically and preferably the number of each will be about eight to fourteen.
Advantages from the segmented housing construction will be understood by reference to
The inlet tube 5 will generally need to be directed, for various equipment, toward a preferred location for an inlet tube to be connected. For different vehicles, it may be desirable to have a different orientation (radially) between the center line 11 or direction of tube 5, and tube 7 from that shown in
The particular segmented housing 260 depicted in
The indexing arrangement 290 for the arrangement shown, comprises four ribs 291 which extend axially and project radially outwardly from surface 274, each of which engage an associated detent or receiver 292 in section 272 of segment 261. Four evenly spaced interference fitting ribs and detents, index four possible rotational orientations of the segment 262 relative to segment 261, for sliding engagement and activation of the snap fit locking mechanism 270.
In general, the snap fit locking mechanism 270 should be selected so as to make disconnection relatively difficult. This is because it is not anticipated that, typically, once assembled and installed, air cleaner 2 would be reconfigured for a different rotational relationship between segment 262 and segment 261.
Another possibility allowed or accommodated by a segmented housing 260, is having a single mold for segment 261, while having alternate molds for segment 262, for example to vary overall housing axial length or to accommodate, in a custom manner, a different cartridge 30.
Of course the segmented housing is optional. In
For the embodiment of
In general, the air cleaner assembly 400 includes a housing 401 having an outer sidewall 402. In
Attention is now directed to
More specifically, cover 411 is stepped at first step 415 and second step 416. In use, the safety element is sealed to second step 416.
Unlike the arrangement of
Attention is now directed to
During assembly, safety element 430 would be pressed toward step 416 in the general direction of arrow 440, as the safety element is inserted into open end 445,
Of course the mounting approach described with respect to
An alternate cover mount is shown in
In particular, cover 503 is mounted onto end 505 of housing sidewall 502, by over center wire latches 506. This is opposed to using a latch mechanism such as the integral latch mechanism described for the embodiment of
It is noted that the arrangement of
In the embodiment of
An alternate approach, which utilizes a radial seal mechanism, is possible, as previously indicated. One such arrangement is shown in
End cap 601 is provided with a central axial protrusion 602 thereon, that projects axially away from a remainder 603 of the primary element 600. The axial protrusion 602 includes an o-ring mount 605 with an o-ring 606 positioned thereon. With such an arrangement, the primary element 600 could be mounted by insertion past the protrusions 420,
During normal mounting, the filter element 600 of
A safety element could be mounted in association with arrangement such as
For the embodiment of
The remainder of the assembly utilized with respect to precleaner 800 may be generally analogous to that described for the embodiment of
Of course as a still further alternate, the cover 20, precleaner (135, 815) and element (30, 200) could be made permanently connected to one another. Possible modifications to accomplish this will be apparent from the general teachings herein.
Attention is now directed to
The wire latches 922 shown, are configured to engage over a lip or similar structure of the housing 901, to project through slots 925, 926 in the housing sidewall 902 and cover 920 respectively,
A radial locater or indexed jointed mechanism arrangement using receiver 938 in skirt 933, which overlaps a pin 939 on segment 931, is also provided, similarly to the arrangement of
It is also noted that the mounting mechanism 940 for the arrangement 900 of
An improved embodiment is depicted in
Still referring to
Attention is now directed to
Still referring to
Referring to the cross section of
In other manners, the assembly 1100 may be constructed in accord with the descriptions and variations presented herein, in association with other embodiments. Also, the improvements described for assembly 1100 can be applied in the other embodiments.
A further improved embodiment is depicted in
End 1517, the other end, is generally an open, service, end closed by openable cover 1520. The cover 1520 is removable, for service access to an interior of housing 1503.
The cover 1520 is secured in place by latches 1523 and 1524, mounted on mounts 1523 a and 1524 a, respectively. The cover 1520 is rotationally indexed, by a rotational index or indexing arrangement, so that it can only be secured in place at one orientation. For the cover 1520, indicia 1525 is provided, to indicate a convenient orientation of the cover 1520 during servicing. In particular, the indicia 1525 chosen, is an arrow that points in the direction of the inlet 1505.
For the particular assembly 1500 depicted, portion 1500 a of the housing is secured to portion 1500 b, at seam 1500 c. Portion 1500 a is non-rotatable relative to portion 1500 b. However the mold from which the two portions are formed, can be provided with a rotatable joint at a portion corresponding to 1500 c, so that the two pieces 1500 a and 1500 b can be molded as a single unit, with any preferred rotational orientation of section 1500 a relative to section 1500 b, that is desired. Rotation is generally selected so that the inlet tube 1505 has an orientation preferred for particular equipment which the air cleaner 1500 is to be used. For the particular example shown in
Rotational indexing of the cover 1520 on the housing 1528, can be provided by a variety of structures. Referring, for example, to
Attention is directed to
Of course engagement between the plus (or “+”) shaped projection 1541 and the plus (or “+”) shaped receiver 1550, prevents rotation of primary element 1551, after assembly and in operation. The plus (or “+”) shape allows for four possible rotational orientations between the cover 1520 and the primary element 1551, although alternatives are possible.
As indicated previously for other embodiments described, preferably a projection analogous to projection 1541 is provided on an inside surface 1540 of the cover 1520, to engage an appropriately shaped receiver on an end of the primary filter element 1551. The particular “+” shape chosen, is an example. Preferably the shape chosen will be one that does not allow rotation of the element 1551 relative to the cover 1520, once engagement occurs. Thus, preferably the projection is not round, and the receiver is not round.
Attention is directed to
A difference between support structure 1560 and the previously depicted support structure, is provided at closed end 1561,
In general, it is anticipated that structure 1560 will be injection molded. A convenient location for introduction of plastic into the injection mold, is in center 1564 of end piece 1561. Such a molding operation will leave a small projection or burr of plastic at center 1564. Shaping the mold to form recess 1563, ensures that the burr or projection of plastic at center 1564 is contained within the recess 1563. This means that as an operator's hand is pressed against end 1561, burr 1564 is recessed, and provides less discomfort to the operator during installation.
Attention is now directed to
The media 1592 may comprise a variety of types of media. For the example shown the media 1592 is pleated media 1594.
The particular primary filter element 1551 depicted, has a conical shaped portion, thus at region 1595, the media 1592 is provided with a slightly larger outside diameter, than at end region 1596, analogously to previously described embodiments. The conical shape may be as previously described, for other embodiments.
At end 1590, a compressible axial seal gasket ring 1600 is depicted. The ring 1600 may be similar to ring or rib 70,
Primary filter element 1551 also includes optional dust shield 1610 thereon, as a circular outwardly projecting ring spaced from end 1590. This is analogous to structure shown in the embodiment of
Mounting structure 1620 is positioned on framework 1580 at a location between shield 1610 and end 1600.
The mounting structure 1620 comprises spaced projections 1621, configured to operate analogously to spaced projections in the previous embodiments. Projections 1621, however, have a somewhat different shape, as viewable in
In particular, projection 1621 includes opposite surfaces 1623, 1624 extending between ends 1625 and 1626.
Surface 624 is configured to engage a projection or holder structure in a housing, during a twist lock operation to secure element 1551 in place, analogously to the operation described above for other embodiments.
Surface 1624, then, is preferably provided with a cam surface 1630, which recesses (in extension from tip 1625) toward dust ring 1610 or end 1591, from end 1590. The cam surface 1630 ends at surface portion 1631 which itself terminates at stop 1632. Thus, during operation, element 1551 will be pushed into the housing, until tip 1625 passes a holder, lug or projection analogous to projections 140,
Unlike the arrangement of
Still referring to
With respect to
In a central region end 1640 includes closed (imperforate) portion 1650 having central receiver or recess 1645 therein. The particular central recess 1645 depicted, has a plus (or “+”) shape, for receiving a projection on the cover in use.
In use of framework 1580, to manufacture an element, pleated media would be positioned inside the framework 1580, with an end engaging framework 1642. Potted end caps would be formed at the opposite ends 1640, 1670, with the end cap or potting at end 1670 being open, and defining the axial seal 1600,
At end 1640, the material will be potted into end cap material (or potting), to cover the opened area 1641, without covering the central portion 1650 and recess 1645. The result would be structure analogous to that shown and discussed above, for example with respect to
For convenience, in
Above it was mentioned that the inner support 1560, could comprise a support of a secondary filter, for example as described above for other embodiments.
Attention is now directed to
Principles according to the present disclosure can be implemented in a variety of sizes, shapes and configurations of equipment, and using a variety of materials. However, the principles were developed for application in preferred arrangements and configurations, and with certain preferred materials.
For example, in general the configurations shown will be particularly advantageous for use as an air cleaner for a vehicle having an air flow demand, at rated operation, the order of about 1,500 cubic feet per minute (cfm) or less, typically about 300 cfm or less; i.e., on the order of 43 cubic meters or less, typically about 9 cubic meters or less. These types of air cleaners are generally found on equipment that uses small gas or small diesel engines.
The typical air cleaners used in such applications, would have an overall outside diameter of the housing, on the order of at least 130 mm., typically 130-170 mm.; and a housing sidewall length of at least 300 mm. typically from 300 mm. to 600 mm. (i.e., distance between ends 16 and 17),
In general, dimension materials for the rib 70 and the interlock arrangement 129, should be selected to provide for a compression of rib 70 of at least 0.5 mm., typically 1-2 mm., in use. The desirable material for rib 70, and indeed end cap 92, is a foamed polyurethane preferably to be selected to have a hardness, Shore A, of no greater than about 30, and preferably no greater than about 22, most preferably below 20.
Preferably with such arrangements, the polyurethane formulation chosen provides for a high foam, very soft, molded end cap.
Preferably the formula chosen will be such as to provide end caps (parts molded from the polyurethane) having an as molded density of no greater than 28 lbs./cubic foot (about 450 kilograms/cubic meter), more preferably no more than 22 lbs./cubic foot (355 kilograms/cubic meter), typically no greater than 18 lbs/cubic foot (290 kilograms/cubic meter) and preferably within the range of 13 to 17 lbs/cubic foot (208-275 kilograms/cubic meter).
Herein the term “as molded density” is meant to refer to its normal definition of weight divided by volume. A water displacement test or similar test can be utilized to determine volume of a sample of the molded foam. It is not necessary when applying the volume test, to pursue water absorption into the pores of the porous material, and to displace the air the pores represent. Thus, the water volume displacement test used, to determine sample volume, would be an immediate displacement, without waiting for a long period to displace air within the material pores. Alternately stated, only the volume represented by the outer perimeter of the sample need be used for the as molded density calculation.
In general, compression load deflection is a physical characteristic that indicates firmness, i.e. resistance to compression. In general, it is measured in terms of the amount of pressure required to deflect a given sample of 25% of its thickness. Compression load deflection tests can be conducted in accord with ASTM 3574, incorporated herein by reference. In general, compression load deflection may be evaluated in connection with aged samples. A typical technique is to measure the compression load deflection on samples that have been fully cured for 72 hours at 75° F. or forced cured at 190° F. for 5 hours.
Preferred materials will be ones which when molded, show a compression load deflection, in accord with ASTM 3574, on a sample measured after heat aging at 158° F. for seven days, on average, of 14 psi or less, typically within the range of 6-14 psi, and preferably within the range of 7-10 psi.
Compression set is an evaluation of the extent to which a sample of the material (that is subjected to compression of the defined type and under defined conditions), returns to its previous thickness or height when the compression forces are removed. Conditions for evaluating compression set on urethane materials are also provided in ASTM 3574.
Typical desirable materials will be ones which, upon cure, provide a material that has a compression set of no more than about 18%, and typically about 8-13%, when measured on a sample compressed to 50% of its height and held at that compression at a temperature of 180° F. for 22 hours.
In general, the compression load deflection and compression set characteristics can be measured on sample plugs prepared from the same resin as used to form the end cap, or on sample cut from the end cap. Typically, industrial processing methods will involve regularly making test sample plugs made from the resin material, rather than direct testing on portions cut from molded end caps.
Urethane resin systems useable to provide materials having physical properties within the as molded density, compression set and compression load deflection definition as provided above, can be readily obtained from a variety of polyurethane resin formulators, including such suppliers as BASF Corp., Wyandotte Mich., 48192.
One example usable material includes the following polyurethane, processed to an end product having an “as molded” density of 14-22 pounds per cubic foot (224-353 kilograms/cubic meter). The polyurethane comprises a material made with I36070R resin and I305OU isocyanate, which are sold exclusively to the assignee Donaldson by BASF Corporation, Wyandotte, Mich. 48192.
The materials would typically be mixed in a mix ratio of 100 parts I36070R resin to 45.5 parts I3050U isocyanate (by weight). The specific gravity of the resin is 1.04 (8.7 lbs/gallon) and for the isocyanate it is 1.20 (10 lbs/gallon). The materials are typically mixed with a high dynamic shear mixer. The component temperatures should be 70-95° F. The mold temperatures should be 115-135° F.
The resin material I36070R has the following description:
The 13050U isocyanate description is as follows:
The material selected for the media may be varied, depending on the anticipated environment of use and availability of various pleatable substrates.
Conventional media available from such suppliers as Hollingsworth and Vose of East Walpole, Mass. can be utilized. It is anticipated that in typical arrangements, pleats 85 in the order of ⅜ inch to 3 inches (0.9 cm to 7.6 cm) in depth, with a pleat population, around the inner diameter, of about 10 to 14 per inch at the larger diameter end (15 to 20 per inch at the smaller diameter end) with a conical unit being used.
The principal structural component of the primary filter cartridge 30, i.e., support 90, will generally be made from a rigid plastic such as a glass filled nylon (for example 33% glass filled nylon 6/6, 1.5 mm. thick). Such a component could generally be made by a plastic molding operation, for example injection molding.
Support structure 160, which operates as either an inner support for the primary filter cartridge 30 or as both an inner support for the primary filter cartridge 30 and an outer support for a optional safety cartridge 31, will generally be formed from a rigid plastic similar to that used for support 90 formed using a similar molding process. The media 65 or the safety filter cartridge 31 is a matter of preference for the particular application, and it would typically be non-pleated media with a side coated with a selected surface modifier, such as a tackifier.
Preferably both the primary filter cartridge and the secondary filter cartridge at least 98%, by weight, metal free, most preferably 100% metal free.
The housing sidewall segments 261 and 262 (or for the embodiment 300 of
Cover 20 for the particular preferred embodiment shown, is sized and shaped so that it can be molded from plastic materials. It is anticipated that in general the precleaner 35, comprising shield 37 and ramp 36, would be premolded for example from glass filled nylon or polypropylene by an injection molding process, and would then be attached to a remainder of the cover 20, for example by heat staking, with an adhesive or with a snap (mechanical) fit.
The remainder of the cover 20, would preferably be molded from the same material as used for housing segments 261, 262, in an injection molding process. The latches 171 could be molded integrally with cover 20 in such a process. The cover 20 is preferably at least 98% metal free, most preferably 100% metal free.
The inlet tube 5 would typically have an inside diameter on the order of about 50 to 200 mm., for example about 60 mm., and the outlet tube 6 would have an inside diameter of about the same. The down tube 7 would have an inside diameter on the order of about 45 to 55 mm., for example about 51 mm.
Typically and preferably the ramp 36 would extend through a rotation of about 150°-280° from end 400 to end 401,
The above dimensions, materials and specific described shapes, are meant to be exemplary only, and are not intended to be limiting unless specifically characterized as such in a claim. It will be apparent from the above, however, how the various techniques and improvements described herein can be applied in a wide variety of contexts and specific applications.
The Applicant(s) specifically reserve the right to later claim embodiments and features currently disclosed but not claimed in the following claims.
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|FR1131647A||Title not available|
|FR2214505B1||Title not available|
|FR2665217A1||Title not available|
|GB1124735A||Title not available|
|GB1499922A||Title not available|
|GB1511904A||Title not available|
|GB2110110B||Title not available|
|GB2119674B||Title not available|
|GB2163368B||Title not available|
|1||Exhibit A corresponding to FR 1569913, Jun. 1969.|
|2||Office Action dated Sep. 12, 2005 from U.S. Appl. No. 10/691,856.|
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|U.S. Classification||55/498, 55/502, 55/521|
|International Classification||B01D46/24, B01D46/52, F02M35/024, B01D46/00, B01D29/58|
|Cooperative Classification||B01D46/2414, B01D46/0002, F01M13/0033, B01D2265/021, B01D2265/028, F02M35/02483, B01D46/0001, B01D46/0004, B01D46/0024, B01D46/521, B01D2271/027, B01D2265/022, B01D2271/02, B01D2265/06, B01D2275/201, B01D46/008, B01D46/2403|
|European Classification||F02M35/024S2, B01D46/00B, B01D46/24F, B01D46/00C10, B01D46/52F, B01D46/00R80, B01D46/00D4A, B01D46/24F4C|
|Sep 25, 2013||FPAY||Fee payment|
Year of fee payment: 4
|Sep 25, 2013||SULP||Surcharge for late payment|