Genomes and Genes
Gene Symbol: PGRP-LC
Description: Peptidoglycan recognition protein LC
Alias: (PGRP)-LC, CG4432, Dm PGRP-LC, Dmel\CG4432, PGRP-LCa, PGRP-LCx, PGRPLC, Pgrp-LC, ird7, pgrp-lc, tot, CG4432-PA, CG4432-PB, CG4432-PC, CG4432-PD, CG4432-PE, CG4432-PG, CG4432-PH, PGRP-LC-PA, PGRP-LC-PB, PGRP-LC-PC, PGRP-LC-PD, PGRP-LC-PE, PGRP-LC-PG, PGRP-LC-PH, Peptidoglycan-recognition protein-LC, immune response deficient 7, peptidoglycan recognition protein LC, peptidoglycan recognition protein-LC, totem
Species: fruit fly
- Ligand-induced dimerization of Drosophila peptidoglycan recognition proteins in vitroPeter Mellroth
Department of Genetics, Microbiology, and Toxicology, University of Stockholm, S 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 102:6455-60. 2005..Instead, PGRP-LCa can form heterodimers with LCx when the latter is bound to monomeric peptidoglycan. Hence, PGRP-LCa can be said to function as an adaptor, thus adding a new function to a member of the PGRP family...
- Eater, a transmembrane protein mediating phagocytosis of bacterial pathogens in DrosophilaChristine Kocks
Laboratory of Developmental Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
Cell 123:335-46. 2005..Our results suggest that Eater is a major phagocytic receptor for a broad range of bacterial pathogens in Drosophila and provide a powerful model to address the role of phagocytosis in vivo...
- PGRP-LC and PGRP-LE have essential yet distinct functions in the drosophila immune response to monomeric DAP-type peptidoglycanTakashi Kaneko
Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, USA
Nat Immunol 7:715-23. 2006..These data demonstrate that like mammals, drosophila use both extracellular and intracellular receptors, which have conserved signaling mechanisms, for innate immune recognition...
- An antioxidant system required for host protection against gut infection in DrosophilaEun Mi Ha
Division of Molecular Life Science and Center for Cell Signaling Research, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120 750, South Korea
Dev Cell 8:125-32. 2005..These results imply that homeostasis of redox balance by IRC is one of the most critical factors affecting host survival during continuous host-microbe interaction in the gastrointestinal tract...
- PIMS modulates immune tolerance by negatively regulating Drosophila innate immune signalingNouara Lhocine
CNRS, Centre de Genetique Moleculaire, UPR2167, Gif sur Yvette, F 91198, France
Cell Host Microbe 4:147-58. 2008..Therefore, PIMS is required to establish immune tolerance to commensal bacteria and to maintain a balanced Imd response following exposure to bacterial infections...
- Dual detection of fungal infections in Drosophila via recognition of glucans and sensing of virulence factorsMarie Gottar
UPR 9022 du CNRS, Institut de Biologie Moleculaire et Cellulaire, F67084 Strasbourg Cedex, France
Cell 127:1425-37. 2006..Thus, the detection of fungal infections in Drosophila relies both on the recognition of invariant microbial patterns and on monitoring the effects of virulence factors on the host...
- Two roles for the Drosophila IKK complex in the activation of Relish and the induction of antimicrobial peptide genesDeniz Erturk-Hasdemir
Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 106:9779-84. 2009..Instead they are critical for recruitment of RNA polymerase II and antimicrobial peptide gene induction, whereas IKK functions noncatalytically to support Dredd-mediated cleavage of Relish...
- A scavenger function for a Drosophila peptidoglycan recognition proteinPeter Mellroth
Department of Microbiology, Stockholm University, S 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
J Biol Chem 278:7059-64. 2003..Furthermore, a sequence homology comparison with phage T7 lysozyme, also an N-acetylmuramoyl-l-alanine amidase, shows that as many as six of the Drosophila PGRPs could belong to this class of proteins...
- Dual activation of the Drosophila toll pathway by two pattern recognition receptorsVanessa Gobert
Unité Propre de Recherche 9022 du CNRS, Institut de Biologie Moleculaire et Cellulaire, 15 rue Rene Descartes, F67084 Strasbourg Cedex, France
Science 302:2126-30. 2003..The potential for a combination of distinct proteins to mediate detection of infectious nonself in the fly will refine the concept of pattern recognition in insects...
- Toll and IMD pathways synergistically activate an innate immune response in Drosophila melanogasterTakahiro Tanji
Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
Mol Cell Biol 27:4578-88. 2007..of antimicrobial peptide genes in Drosophila melanogaster is regulated by the conserved Toll and peptidoglycan recognition protein LC/immune deficiency (PGRP-LC/IMD) signaling pathways...
- Caspar, a suppressor of antibacterial immunity in DrosophilaMyungjin Kim
National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Cell Growth Regulation and Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 373 1 Kusong Dong, Yusong, Taejon 305 701, Korea
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 103:16358-63. 2006..Collectively, our elucidation of an inhibitory mechanism of the Imd pathway by Caspar will provide a valuable insight into understanding complex regulatory mechanisms of the innate immune systems in both Drosophila and mammals...
- In vivo RNA interference analysis reveals an unexpected role for GNBP1 in the defense against Gram-positive bacterial infection in Drosophila adultsSebastien Pili-Floury
Centre de Genetique Moleculaire, CNRS, F 91198 Gif sur Yvette Cedex, France
J Biol Chem 279:12848-53. 2004..Altogether, our results demonstrate that the detection of Gram-positive bacteria in Drosophila requires two putative pattern recognition receptors, PGRP-SA and GNBP1...
- Function of the drosophila pattern-recognition receptor PGRP-SD in the detection of Gram-positive bacteriaVincent Bischoff
Institut de Biologie Moleculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS UPR 9022, 15 rue Rene Descartes, Universite Louis Pasteur, 67084 Strasbourg Cedex, France
Nat Immunol 5:1175-80. 2004..These data indicate that PGRP-SD can function as a receptor for Gram-positive bacteria and shows partial redundancy with the PGRP-SA-GNBP1 complex...
- Molecular architecture of the fruit fly's airway epithelial immune systemChristina Wagner
Forschungszentrum Borstel, Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Borstel, Germany
BMC Genomics 9:446. 2008..Elucidating the structure of the innate immune system of this "airway epithelial cell culture" might enable us to understand why deregulatory processes in innate immune signalling cascades lead to long lasting inflammatory events...
- Drosophila melanogaster mounts a unique immune response to the Rhabdovirus sigma virusC W Tsai
Department of Entomology, The Ohio State University OARDC, Wooster, Ohio 44691, USA
Appl Environ Microbiol 74:3251-6. 2008..These results highlight shared and unique aspects of the Drosophila immune response to the three viruses and may shed light on the nature of the interaction with the host and the evolution of these associations...
- Drosophila peptidoglycan recognition protein LC (PGRP-LC) acts as a signal-transducing innate immune receptorKwang Min Choe
Developmental Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021, USA
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 102:1122-6. 2005Drosophila peptidoglycan recognition protein LC (PGRP-LC), a transmembrane protein required for the response to bacterial infection, acts at the top of a cytoplasmic signaling cascade that requires the death-domain protein Imd and an ..
- The peptidoglycan recognition protein PGRP-SC1a is essential for Toll signaling and phagocytosis of Staphylococcus aureus in DrosophilaLindsey S Garver
Center for Biosystems Research, University of Maryland Biotechnology Institute, 5115 Plant Sciences Building, College Park, MD 20742, USA
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 103:660-5. 2006....
- Chronic activation of the epithelial immune system of the fruit fly's salivary glands has a negative effect on organismal growth and induces a peculiar set of target genesAhmed Abdelsadik
Christian Albrechts University of Kiel, Zoophysiology, Kiel, Germany
BMC Genomics 11:265. 2010..Our major goal was to elucidate if the fly's salivary glands are able to mount an immune response and what the major characteristics of this immune response are...
- Downregulation of the Drosophila immune response by peptidoglycan-recognition proteins SC1 and SC2Vincent Bischoff
Institut de Biologie Moleculaire et Cellulaire, UPR 9022 du CNRS, Strasbourg, France
PLoS Pathog 2:e14. 2006..We further show that a strict control of IMD-pathway activation is essential to prevent bacteria-induced developmental defects and larval death...
- Rudra interrupts receptor signaling complexes to negatively regulate the IMD pathwayKamna Aggarwal
Divison of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States of America
PLoS Pathog 4:e1000120. 2008..These results show that Rudra is a critical component in a negative feedback loop, whereby immune-induced gene expression rapidly produces a potent inhibitor that binds and inhibits pattern recognition receptors...
- Requirement for a peptidoglycan recognition protein (PGRP) in Relish activation and antibacterial immune responses in DrosophilaKwang Min Choe
Molecular Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021, USA
Science 296:359-62. 2002....
- The immune response of DrosophilaJules A Hoffmann
Institut de Biologie Moleculaire et Cellulaire du CNRS, 67084 Strasbourg Cedex, France
Nature 426:33-8. 2003..Recent progress in research on Drosophila immune defence provides evidence for similarities and differences between Drosophila immune responses and mammalian innate immunity...
- Functional diversity of the Drosophila PGRP-LC gene cluster in the response to lipopolysaccharide and peptidoglycanThomas Werner
Umea Centre for Molecular Pathogenesis, Umea University, S 901 87 Umea, Sweden
J Biol Chem 278:26319-22. 2003..Two additional PGRP domains in the gene cluster, z and w, are both included in a single transcript of a separate gene, PGRP-LF. Suppression of this transcript does not block the response to any of the microorganisms tested...
- The Drosophila immune response against Gram-negative bacteria is mediated by a peptidoglycan recognition proteinMarie Gottar
UPR 9022 du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Biologie Moleculaire et Cellulaire, 15 rue Rene Descartes, F67084 Strasbourg, Cedex, France
Nature 416:640-4. 2002..The data on PGRP-SA with respect to the response to Gram-positive infections, together with the present report, indicate that the PGRP family has a principal role in sensing microbial infections in Drosophila...
- The Drosophila immune system detects bacteria through specific peptidoglycan recognitionFrançois Leulier
Centre de Génétique Moléculaire du CNRS, F 91198 Gif sur Yvette, France
Nat Immunol 4:478-84. 2003..Thus, the ability of Drosophila to discriminate between Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria relies on the recognition of specific forms of peptidoglycan...
- Pirk is a negative regulator of the Drosophila Imd pathwayAnni Kleino
Institute of Medical Technology, University of Tampere, Finland
J Immunol 180:5413-22. 2008..pirk encodes a cytoplasmic protein that coimmunoprecipitates with Imd and the cytoplasmic tail of peptidoglycan recognition protein LC (PGRP-LC)...
- Infection-induced proteolysis of PGRP-LC controls the IMD activation and melanization cascades in DrosophilaRebecca L Schmidt
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN 55905 USA
FASEB J 22:918-29. 2008....
- Monomeric and polymeric gram-negative peptidoglycan but not purified LPS stimulate the Drosophila IMD pathwayTakashi Kaneko
Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
Immunity 20:637-49. 2004..Recognition of monomeric and polymeric peptidoglycan required different PGRP-LC splice isoforms, while lipid A recognition required an unidentified soluble factor in the hemolymph of Bombyx morii...
- The Drosophila amidase PGRP-LB modulates the immune response to bacterial infectionAnna Zaidman-Rémy
Centre de Génétique Moléculaire du CNRS, F 91198 Gif sur Yvette, France
Immunity 24:463-73. 2006..Our work highlights the key role of PGRPs that encode both sensors and scavengers of peptidoglycan, which modulate the level of the host immune response to the presence of infectious microorganisms...
- Peptidoglycan recognition protein (PGRP)-LE and PGRP-LC act synergistically in Drosophila immunityAya Takehana
Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Aramaki, Sendai, Japan
EMBO J 23:4690-700. 2004..A role for PGRP-LE in the epithelial induction of antimicrobial peptides is also suggested...
- A family of peptidoglycan recognition proteins in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogasterT Werner
Umea Centre for Molecular Pathogenesis, Umea University, S 901 87 Umea, Sweden
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 97:13772-7. 2000..We demonstrate that at least PGRP-SA and SC1B can bind peptidoglycan, and a function in immunity is likely for this family...
- Genotype and gene expression associations with immune function in DrosophilaTimothy B Sackton
Field of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
PLoS Genet 6:e1000797. 2010..These results show that polymorphism in genes near the top of the immune system signaling cascade can have a disproportionate effect on organismal phenotype due to the amplification of minor effects through the cascade...
- The Drosophila ubiquitin-specific protease dUSP36/Scny targets IMD to prevent constitutive immune signalingDominique Thevenon
CEA, DSV, iRTSV, LTS, Institut de Recherches en Technologies et Sciences pour le Vivant, Laboratoire de Transduction du Signal, CEA Grenoble, 38054 Grenoble, France
Cell Host Microbe 6:309-20. 2009..Our findings identify dUSP36 as a repressor whose IMD deubiquitination activity prevents nonspecific activation of innate immune signaling...
- Crystal structure of Drosophila PGRP-SD suggests binding to DAP-type but not lysine-type peptidoglycanPhilippe Leone
Architecture et Fonction des Macromolecules Biologiques, UMR 6098 CNRS and Universités Aix Marseille I and II, Marseille, France
Mol Immunol 45:2521-30. 2008..Our hypothesis is that the role of PGRP-SD is the recognition of DAP-type PGNs responsible for the activation of the Toll pathway by Gram-negative bacteria...
- The immune response attenuates growth and nutrient storage in Drosophila by reducing insulin signalingJustin R DiAngelo
The Institute for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 106:20853-8. 2009..These data suggest that communication between these two regulatory systems evolved as a means to divert energy in times of need from organismal growth to the acute requirement of combating infection...
- A cyclopentanediol analogue selectively suppresses the conserved innate immunity pathways, Drosophila IMD and TNF-alpha pathwaysMizuki Sekiya
Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, 6 3 Aza Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba ku, Sendai 980 8578, Japan
Biochem Pharmacol 75:2165-74. 2008..In human cells, the compound suppressed TNF-alpha, but not IL-1beta, stimulation-induced activation of NF-kappaB, suggesting that its target molecules are upstream of TAK1 in mammalian innate immunity...
- Functional characterization of the infection-inducible peptide Edin in Drosophila melanogasterLeena Maija Vanha-Aho
BioMediTech and Institute of Biomedical Technology, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
PLoS ONE 7:e37153. 2012..faecalis infection via an uncharacterized mechanism. Further studies are still required to elucidate the exact role of Edin in the Drosophila immune response...
- Requirements of peptidoglycan structure that allow detection by the Drosophila Toll pathwaySergio R Filipe
Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
EMBO Rep 6:327-33. 2005..We suggest a model whereby GNBP1 is involved in the hydrolysis of Gram-positive peptidoglycan producing new glycan reducing ends, which are subsequently detected by PGRP-SA...
- Antimicrobial peptides increase tolerance to oxidant stress in Drosophila melanogasterHuiwen W Zhao
Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
J Biol Chem 286:6211-8. 2011....
- Toll-8/Tollo negatively regulates antimicrobial response in the Drosophila respiratory epitheliumIdir Akhouayri
IBDML, UMR 6216 CNRS, Universite Aix Marseille, Marseille, France
PLoS Pathog 7:e1002319. 2011..Our data show that, in addition to Toll-1 whose function is essential during the systemic immune response, Drosophila relies on another Toll family member to control the immune response in the respiratory epithelium...
- Ubiquitylation of the initiator caspase DREDD is required for innate immune signallingAnnika Meinander
The Breakthrough Toby Robins Breast Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, Chester Beatty Laboratories, London, UK
EMBO J 31:2770-83. 2012..The direct involvement of ubiquitylation in caspase activation represents a novel mechanism for non-apoptotic caspase-mediated signalling...
- Coordination of multiple dual oxidase-regulatory pathways in responses to commensal and infectious microbes in drosophila gutEun Mi Ha
Division of Life and Pharmaceutical Science, National Creative Research Initiative Center for Symbiosystem, Ewha Woman s University, Seoul, South Korea
Nat Immunol 10:949-57. 2009..Thus, the coordinated regulation of DUOX enables the host to achieve gut-microbe homeostasis by efficiently combating infection while tolerating commensal microbes...
- Regulation of DUOX by the Galphaq-phospholipase Cbeta-Ca2+ pathway in Drosophila gut immunityEun Mi Ha
Division of Life and Pharmaceutical Science, Ewha Woman s University, Seoul 120 750, South Korea
Dev Cell 16:386-97. 2009..These results demonstrate that the Galphaq-PLCbeta-Ca(2+)-DUOX-ROS signaling pathway acts as a bona fide first line of defense that enables gut epithelia to dynamically control yeast during the Drosophila life cycle...
- The Imd pathway is involved in antiviral immune responses in DrosophilaAlexandre Costa
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
PLoS ONE 4:e7436. 2009..Our data show that antiviral innate immune responses in flies infected with CrPV depend upon hemocytes and signaling through the Imd pathway...
- Invasive and indigenous microbiota impact intestinal stem cell activity through multiple pathways in DrosophilaNicolas Buchon
Global Health Institute, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne EPFL, CH 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
Genes Dev 23:2333-44. 2009..Altogether, these results indicate that gut homeostasis is achieved by a complex interregulation of the immune response, gut microbiota, and stem cell activity...
- Caspase-mediated cleavage, IAP binding, and ubiquitination: linking three mechanisms crucial for Drosophila NF-kappaB signalingNicholas Paquette
Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
Mol Cell 37:172-82. 2010..Through its association with DIAP2, IMD is rapidly conjugated with K63-linked polyubiquitin chains. These results mechanistically connect caspase-mediated cleavage and K63 ubiquitination in immune-induced NF-kappaB signaling...
- Extracellular and intracellular pathogen recognition by Drosophila PGRP-LE and PGRP-LCShoichiro Kurata
Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, 6 3 Aza Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba ku, Sendai 980 8578, Japan
Int Immunol 22:143-8. 2010..Some intracellular pathogens such as Listeria monocytogenes are, nevertheless, eliminated by immune reactions such as autophagy through intracellular identification by pattern-recognition receptors...
- Cooperative regulation of the induction of the novel antibacterial Listericin by peptidoglycan recognition protein LE and the JAK-STAT pathwayAkira Goto
Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980 8578, Japan
J Biol Chem 285:15731-8. 2010..Based on these findings, we propose that the Listericin gene encodes a novel antibacterial peptide-like protein whose induction is cooperatively regulated by PGRP-LE and the JAK-STAT pathway...
- Structure of the ectodomain of Drosophila peptidoglycan-recognition protein LCa suggests a molecular mechanism for pattern recognitionChung I Chang
Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390 9050, USA
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 102:10279-84. 2005..Such features include N-acetyl glucosamine and the anhydro bond in the glycan of the muropeptide, which have been demonstrated to be critical for immune stimulatory activity...
- The Drosophila peptidoglycan-recognition protein LF interacts with peptidoglycan-recognition protein LC to downregulate the Imd pathwayNada Basbous
Centre de Biophysique Moleculaire, UPR 4301 CNRS, rue Charles Sadron, Orléans 2 45071, France
EMBO Rep 12:327-33. 2011..Our results suggest a mechanism for downregulation of the Imd pathway on the basis of the competition between PRGP-LCa and PGRP-LF to bind to PGRP-LCx...
- Immunology. Pathogen surveillance--the flies have itRanjiv S Khush
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
Science 296:273-5. 2002
- TM9SF4 is required for Drosophila cellular immunity via cell adhesion and phagocytosisEvelyne Bergeret
CEA, iRTSV, LTS, 38054 Grenoble, France
J Cell Sci 121:3325-34. 2008..Our study highlights the contribution of phagocytes to host defence in an organism possessing a complex innate immune response and suggests an evolutionarily conserved function of TM9SF4 in eukaryotic phagocytes...
- Role of Toll-like receptors in pathogen recognitionS Janssens
Unit for Molecular Signal Transduction in Inflammation, Department of Molecular Biomedical Research, Ghent University VIB, B 9052 Ghent, Belgium
Clin Microbiol Rev 16:637-46. 2003..The fact that TLR expression is regulated in both a cell type- and stimulus-dependent fashion further contributes to the complexity...
- Dual strategies for peptidoglycan discrimination by peptidoglycan recognition proteins (PGRPs)Chittoor P Swaminathan
Center for Advanced Research in Biotechnology, W M Keck Laboratory for Structural Biology, University of Maryland Biotechnology Institute, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 103:684-9. 2006..The plasticity of the PGRP-binding site revealed by these mutants suggests an intrinsic capacity of the innate immune system to rapidly evolve specificities to meet new microbial challenges...
- Eater: a big bite into phagocytosisDeniz Erturk-Hasdemir
Division of Infectious Disease, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester 01605, USA
Cell 123:190-2. 2005..In this issue of Cell, Kocks et al. (2005) demonstrate that Eater, a scavenger receptor, plays an important role in the recognition and phagocytosis of bacteria in the fruit fly Drosophila...
- Trade-offs between longevity and pathogen resistance in Drosophila melanogaster are mediated by NFkappaB signalingSergiy Libert
Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
Aging Cell 5:533-43. 2006..These phenotypes are dependent on the NFkappaB-related transcriptional factor, Relish, and they establish a mechanistic basis for a link between immunity, inflammation, and longevity...
- Insect renal tubules constitute a cell-autonomous immune system that protects the organism against bacterial infectionJ McGettigan
Division of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Biomedical and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
Insect Biochem Mol Biol 35:741-54. 2005..coli challenge. Thus, we describe a novel role of Malpighian tubules in immune sensing and insect survival...
- The complexity of genetic variation in a simple immune systemDominic P Kwiatkowski
Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, UK OX3 7BN
Trends Genet 21:197-9. 2005..However, the effects of individual polymorphisms on the resistance phenotype were modest, and epistatic interactions appeared to be common. What might these findings tell us about genetic resistance to infection in humans?..
- A Drosophila ortholog of the human cylindromatosis tumor suppressor gene regulates triglyceride content and antibacterial defenseTheodore Tsichritzis
Institute of Immunology, Biomedical Sciences Research Center Al Fleming, 34 Al Fleming Street, 16672 Vari, Greece
Development 134:2605-14. 2007..All mutant phenotypes described were reversible upon conditional expression of CYLD transgenes. Our results implicate CYLD in a broad range of functions associated with fat homeostasis and host defence in Drosophila...
- The effects of temperature on host-pathogen interactions in D. melanogaster: who benefits?Jodell E Linder
Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
J Insect Physiol 54:297-308. 2008..The approach described here allows us to determine whether this effect is due primarily to temperature-specific effects on the host or on its pathogen. These results suggest that both may be important...
- Akirins are highly conserved nuclear proteins required for NF-kappaB-dependent gene expression in drosophila and miceAkira Goto
Institut de Biologie Moleculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS UPR 9022, Universite Louis Pasteur, 67084 Strasbourg Cedex, France
Nat Immunol 9:97-104. 2008..Thus, Akirin is a conserved nuclear factor required for innate immune responses...
- Drosophila melanogaster as a model for elucidating the pathogenicity of Francisella tularensisMalin Vonkavaara
Department of Clinical Microbiology, Umea University, 90185 Umea, Sweden
Cell Microbiol 10:1327-38. 2008..melanogaster is a suitable model for the analysis of interactions between F. tularensis and its arthropod hosts and that it can also be used to identify F. tularensis virulence factors relevant for mammalian hosts...
- Circadian regulation in the ability of Drosophila to combat pathogenic infectionsJung Eun Lee
Graduate Program in Biochemistry, Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, Rutgers University, 679 Hoes Lane, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
Curr Biol 18:195-9. 2008..Our findings suggest that medical intervention strategies incorporating chronobiological considerations could enhance the innate immune response, boosting the efficacy of combating pathogenic infections...
- Crystal cell rupture after injury in Drosophila requires the JNK pathway, small GTPases and the TNF homolog EigerGawa Bidla
Department of Molecular Biology and Functional Genomics, University of Stockholm, Svante Arrheniusväg 16 18, SE 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
J Cell Sci 120:1209-15. 2007..Our results provide a more comprehensive view of immune signal transduction pathways, with implications for immune reactions where cell death is used as a terminal mode of cell activation...
- Spatio-temporal analysis of gene expression during aging in Drosophila melanogasterLaurent Seroude
California Institute of Technology, Division of Biology 156 29, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
Aging Cell 1:47-56. 2002....
- The Drosophila peptidoglycan recognition protein PGRP-LF blocks PGRP-LC and IMD/JNK pathway activationFrédéric Maillet
Institut de Biologie du Developpement de Marseille Luminy, UMR 6216 CNRS, Université de la Méditérannée Aix Marseille II, Parc Scientifique de Luminy Case 907, F 13288 Marseille Cedex 9, France
Cell Host Microbe 3:293-303. 2008..Thus, PGRP-LF prevents constitutive activation of both the JNK and the IMD pathways. We propose a model in which PGRP-LF keeps the Drosophila IMD pathway silent by sequestering circulating peptidoglycan...
- Autophagic control of listeria through intracellular innate immune recognition in drosophilaTamaki Yano
Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980 8578, Japan
Nat Immunol 9:908-16. 2008..Autophagy induction occurred independently of the Toll and IMD innate signaling pathways. Our findings define a pathway leading from the intracellular pattern-recognition receptors to the induction of autophagy to host defense...
- Innate immunity in fruit flies: a textbook example of genomic recyclingShubha Govind
Department of Biology and The Graduate Center, City College of New York, New York, New York, USA
PLoS Biol 2:E276. 2004
- Structure of tracheal cytotoxin in complex with a heterodimeric pattern-recognition receptorChung I Chang
Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, 6001 Forest Park Road, Dallas, TX 75390 9050, USA
Science 311:1761-4. 2006....
- Drosophila immunity: genes on the third chromosome required for the response to bacterial infectionL P Wu
Center for Agricultural Biotechnology, University of Maryland Biotechnology Institute, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
Genetics 159:189-99. 2001..These genetic studies should provide a basis for a comprehensive understanding of the genetic control of immune responses in Drosophila...