|Número de publicación||US7900380 B2|
|Tipo de publicación||Concesión|
|Número de solicitud||US 11/250,143|
|Fecha de publicación||8 Mar 2011|
|Fecha de presentación||13 Oct 2005|
|Fecha de prioridad||13 Oct 2005|
|También publicado como||CA2626022A1, CN101287427A, CN101287427B, EP1933780A2, EP1933780A4, US20070084084, WO2007044983A2, WO2007044983A3|
|Número de publicación||11250143, 250143, US 7900380 B2, US 7900380B2, US-B2-7900380, US7900380 B2, US7900380B2|
|Inventores||Jeffrey S. Rich|
|Cesionario original||Masterfit Enterprises Inc.|
|Exportar cita||BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan|
|Citas de patentes (59), Citada por (13), Clasificaciones (17), Eventos legales (2)|
|Enlaces externos: USPTO, Cesión de USPTO, Espacenet|
This invention relates to orthopedic inserts and more specifically, to a user moldable insert insole that may be modified for an individual user's foot.
Currently, there are various mechanisms which offer varying degrees of support and control of the foot. Insoles such as arch supports, custom footbed and orthotics have been known for years. Such insoles are designed to alleviate foot problems, provide comfort and give better performance. The insole not only supports the foot but the whole body aligning joints in the foot, knee, hip and back while molding to the exact contours of the arch. Some inserts are off-the-shelf and those cannot be adjusted to an individual user's foot, others are semi-custom formed taking a partial mold or only adjusting to the foot slightly.
Most insoles attempt to support the foot but because of the various foot arch heights, cannot offer a lot of arch support. Most insoles are made with a lower arch height because if the arch were too high, many individuals would find it uncomfortable. A high arch can create excessive pressure under the arch yielding a very uncomfortable fit. Often the excessive arch height can cause foot cramping or injury. Most over-the-counter insoles have very low heel cups and medial and lateral flanges that do not adequately secure the heel or control the foot. They also offer little or no arch support. Over the counter insoles are made via injection molding, skive molding or compression molding processes. Some these insoles are flat, others have little shape. Still others offer deep heel cups with little or no arch support.
Most semi-custom insoles offer a one-time fit and cannot be adjusted. A few semi-custom and custom insoles offer more arch support but are difficult to manufacture and need adjustments by experienced lab technicians who use a grinder to sand away excess material.
Most semi-custom and over-the-counter insoles are designed for the pronated foot. A pronated foot is one where the ankle rolls inward. Insoles slow down or prevent some pronation from taking effect. A small amount of pronation is considered normal and is needed for shock absorption. Locking up the pronatory effect of the foot with excess arch support or wedging under the heel or forefoot by an untrained user or technician can make the body susceptible to injury.
Other insoles are available with various arch heights or different stiffness but it is up to the user or technician to decide which arch height is best. This provides a potential for harm if either too much or too little support is chosen. This could injure or further injure the foot or body.
Some insoles use compression molding. However, present compression molding methods mold multi-density material of different thickness and material in a one step compression molding process. The drawback for this process is during the compression molding process the softer material is compressed to a very thin state making it useless other than for cosmetic purposes. The one-step compression molding process makes all the multiple layers feel like the same density.
The insoles, which are available, use compression molding. However, present compression molding methods mold multi-density material of different thickness and material in a one step compression molding process. The drawback for this process is compression of the softer material to a very thin state making it useless other than for color. The one-step compression molding process makes all the multi-layers feel like the same material.
Thus, there is a need for an insole that may be adjusted for multiple arch heights. There is a further need for an insole that may be adjusted easily without any error. There is yet another need for an insole that may be used with a normal foot, a pronated foot, a flat foot and a high-supinated foot. There is also a need for an insole that allows flexible heel and forefoot support. There is also a need for a method to manufacture other types of adjustable inserts for other orthopedic applications.
These needs and others may be met by the present invention of which one example is an insole for insertion in footwear. The insole has an upper cradle which has an upper surface for contact with a foot and a lower interlocking surface. A lower cradle has an upper surface with an arch depression and a lower surface with a flow dome having a flow hole fluidly communicating with the arch depression. A gel layer is located in the arch depression. The gel layer is moldable via heating.
Another example of the present invention is a method of fabricating a corrective insole. A first female mold is provided to produce a lower cradle with an arch depression and a bottom surface with flow domes. A first male mold is provided to produce a different density area of the lower cradle. A second male mold is provided to produce an upper cradle. A gel layer which is heat moldable is inserted in the arch depression of the lower cradle. The upper and lower cradles are attached together.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are not limiting but are intended to provide further explanation of the invention claimed. The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute part of this specification, are included to illustrate and provide a further understanding of the method and system of the invention. Together with the description, the drawings serve to explain the principles of the invention.
These and further aspects and advantages of the invention will be discussed more in detail hereinafter with reference to the disclosure of preferred embodiments, and in particular with reference to the appended Figures wherein:
While the present invention is capable of embodiment in various forms, there is shown in the drawings and will hereinafter be described a presently preferred embodiment with the understanding that the present disclosure is to be considered as an exemplification of the invention, and is not intended to limit the invention to the specific embodiment illustrated.
The upper cradle 12 has a top or outer layer 20 which is friction-reducing, moisture-absorbing fabric made of a polyester which is preferably ETC material manufactured by Sheehan Sales of Salem, Mass. upon which the user's foot rests. The material of the top layer 20 wicks away moisture while reducing odor. The material also reduces friction and thus prevents blistering. A cushioned layer 22 is bonded to the top layer 20. Preferably, the cushioned layer 22 is fabricated from ethyl vinyl acetate (EVA). The cushioned layer 22 is preferably ¼″ 25 durometer (Shore A scale) before compression molding and 35 durometer ⅛″ thick, Shore A scale after molding. The cushioned layer 22 is designed to provide comfort and cushioning. In addition, the cushioned layer 22 will auto-adapt, self adjusting to the wearer's feet and forming toe crests. The cushioned layer 22 also has a lower or inner surface 24 having stubs 26 which interlock the upper cradle 12 with the lower cradle 14. The inner surface 24 being considered inner in the sense of when the upper cradle 12 is combined with the lower cradle 14. Other material may be used for the top layer 20 such as Tricot, vinyl, leather, cambrelle, EVA and other like materials.
The lower cradle 14, which is bonded to the upper cradle 12, includes an interlocking cradle support or inner surface 30 with a firmer lower core shell 32 which has a bottom or outer surface 34 as may be seen in
In this example, after compression molding the cradle support 30, the forefoot area 46 is between 75-80 durometer (D) and the arch area 48 is between 45-50 D. The upper rim 44 of the heel cup 42 is between 75-80 D while the base of the heel cup 42 and the outside perimeter region 50 is between 50-55 D. These differing hardnesses give the insole 10 torsional rigidity with easy flexing forefoot. The firm forefoot area 46, medial and lateral arch area 48 and heel rim 44 adds firm control and torsional rigidity (75-80 D) with the arch area 48.
A number of volume compensation domes 60 are molded into the perimeter of the bottom surface 34 of the lower core shell 32 to allow the insole 10 to auto-contour to any shape heel from narrow to wide. Additionally a number of flow domes 52 are molded into the arch of the bottom surface 34 of the lower core shell 32 as shown in
Additional anti-shock platforms in the form of toe and heel depressions 56 and 58 are molded into the bottom surface 34 of the core support shell 32 making the EVA paper-thin below the metatarsals area 74 and the heel area 76. The toe and heel depressions 56 and 58 allow softer Poron forefoot and heel plugs 62 and 64 to be installed which may be accessed or felt by the foot. In this example, the Poron plugs are 1/16 of an inch thick, but other thicknesses and materials may be used. The EVA material is preferably thin in the depressions 56 and 58 to allow paper like flexibility. The Poron forefoot and heel plugs 62 and 64 are added after compression molding to the toe and heel depressions 56 and 58. Poron is a performance urethane material which provides excellent shock absorption during heel strike and toe-off when jumping, running, walking and other activities to help prevent foot fatigue. Other materials may be used instead of Poron such as sorbathane, EVA of a softer durometer rating, foam, rubber, rigid or flexible plastics or other components to achieve different levels of shock absorption.
The gel layer 16 is sandwiched between the upper cradle 12 and the lower cradle 14 and rests in the arch depression 36 of the lower cradle 14. The upper cradle 12 and the lower cradle 14 are formed of EVA with different densities. As explained above, the lower density EVA in the upper cradle 12 provides cushioning for the foot while the high density EVA in the lower cradle 14 provides support and rigidity. The gel layer 16 permits an arch area 66 formed by the upper and lower cradles 12 and 14 to contour precisely to the natural shape of the user's arch. Preferably the gel material of the gel layer 16 is a heat moldable composition such as Gel Form manufactured by Masterfit Enterprises of Briarcliff Manor, N.Y. according to U.S. Pat. No. 6,025,414 to the same inventor.
When heated to a temperature of 125-140 degrees F., the gel material in the gel layer 16 turns viscous. When weight or pressure is applied to the insole 10, the gel in the gel layer 16 not needed to support the individual arch shape bleeds or exhausts into the flow domes 52 in the lower cradle 14 via the flow holes 54. This supports the arch, stabilizing the foot dramatically and reducing foot, knee and pack pain. The gel layer 16 compensates for various low to high arch heights. For a high arch, the gel of the gel layer 16 will not exhaust into the flow domes 52 because relatively little pressure will be placed on the gel layer 16. For a low arch, all the gel in the gel layer 16 may exhaust into the flow domes 52. The flow domes 52 allow the gel to escape, precisely molding the arch area 66 to the user's arch, yielding a comfortable feel that is not excessively high or tight. Gel that bleeds into the flow dome 52 is removed by hand when cooled and the flow holes 54 in the flow domes 52 are plugged with plastic tree rivets 68 to prevent additional flow of the gel when subject to extreme temperatures within the shoe. Of course, other kinds of plugs may be used. The plastic tree rivets 68 are not need when the insole 10 is used in winter or cold weather environments.
The flow domes 52 thus act as a self-volume compensator allowing the gel to escape if there is too much pressure. The flow domes 52 allow the gel to readily flow and serve as a reservoir for excess gel. Different sizes of the insole 10 can use different amounts of gel layer 16 to allow the arch to precisely mold to various size feet for the individual arch shape and height. The volume of gel may be increased or restored by a technician using a syringe filled with gel warmed to 200-250 degrees F. and injected back thru one or more of the flow domes 52.
The insole 10 is made adaptable for individual user's feet via the following process. First, the user adjusts the length and toe shape of the insole 10 by cutting the proper shape with scissors or another convenient instrument. Grinding or adjusting the insole 10 is not needed in most cases but the corrections and the interlocking cradles 12 and 14 may be adjusted with most any grinder in the event a technician or user wants to perform further customization. All corrections may be made to the EVA, polyurethane, Poron or other hard or soft material in the cradles 12 and 14.
Before heating the insole 10, the insole 10 may be fit into the footwear intended for use. The insole 10 allows for trimming the toe length and width. To make this easier, the toe area 46 of the bottom surface 34 has two embossed marks 70 and 72 for trimming the length and width of the insole 10 as shown in
The insole 10 and in particular the gel layer 16 is next heated. The preferred method of heating the gel layer 16 for custom molding is a microwave oven with a turntable. The required heating time for the insole 10 depends on five parameters: air, liquid, fat, size and/or thickness of product. Preferably the microwave oven is used at a power of 800-850 watts at full power preferably less than 180 seconds and more preferably 120 seconds. Microwaves having power of 900 watts or more are used preferably less than 90 seconds and more preferably at 60 seconds and optimally at 45 seconds. One gel layer 16 and insole 10 are heated at a time on foam blocks placed beneath the toe and heel to insulate the insole from heat generated by the turntable.
The insole 10 is placed in the microwave with the bottom surface 34 up allowing the flow domes 52 to be facing up. This prevents the gel in the gel layer 16 from oozing out in the event of overheating. Another method of heating the insole 10 is using a hot water bath water for 15 minutes. The insole 10 is turned over midway during the heating cycle to ensure even heating of the gel layer 16. The insole 10 must be placed in a sealed water proof bag. Using a hot water bath heats the gel layer 16 more consistently, the material softens at a predetermined temperature. Heating the insole 10 in microwaves and convection ovens are less consistent because it is more difficult to accurately control temperature. The hot water bath must be between 140-160 degrees F. With hot water, multiple insoles can be heated at one time and be instantly ready for potential fitting without the risk of overheat the insole 10.
The gel molding temperature is 135 degrees F. and thus 140 degrees F. water is hot enough to effect a molding change in the gel without affecting the EVA or other components in the insole 10. The low temperature also prevents skin burns in the event of a mishap.
After the user heats the insole 10 in order to insure that the gel layer 16 becomes viscous, the user inserts the insole 10 into the desired footwear or brace and places their foot on the insole or body part on the brace. The user is in a seated, semi weight-bearing position. The user then stands or walks in the footwear the insole 10 is to be utilized causing the gel layer 16 to conform to the contours of the user's foot. The gel in the gel layer 16 cools in approximately two to four minutes depending on outside air temperature and sets in the shape. The finish-molded insole 10 is transferable to like footwear with removable insoles in them or footwear that is slightly oversized. The excess gel in the gel layer 16 will flow out of the volume flow domes 52 via the flow holes 54 and form gel plugs. These plugs are cut or pulled away and the plastic tree rivets 68 are inserted in the flow domes 52.
The forefoot dots 80-88 and midfoot dots 90-96 when connected allow the technicians to adjust for making a depression in the insole 10 for bruised or drop metatarsal bones 312-320 as shown in
All the medial wedges style corrections are shown in
A three-part compression mold is used to fabricate the insole 10 as shown in
With a three-part compression process, the firm lower cradle 14 is formed first with the mold 400. Then the softer top material is heated and compression molded in a second step. This second step in the molding process provides the ability to maintain the soft comfortable, shock-absorbing feel of the upper cradle 12. The result is the upper cradle 12 functions differently than the lower cradle 14. The process enables the upper and lower cradles 12 and 14 to be made of varying densities of material for different sports, dress shoes, walking or the diabetic foot. The insole can be full length, ⅞ (sulcus) length or ¾ (behind metatarsal heads) in length.
The preferred material for the top cover 20 of the upper cradle 12 must be soft, moldable and take a permanent set. For example, the material most commonly used for a diabetic foot is Plastazote. Plastazote is an open-cell foam that prevents the skin from breaking down and ulcerating. The two-step process described above makes possible a custom molded diabetic insole that is economic because it eliminates the need for a plaster cast or direct molding of an insert with a patient's foot. The present method improves on plaster cast or direct molding which require an insert to be made from flat pieces of material which then require hours of working time to grind down the excess bulk and fit into the footwear.
The process of compression molding one pair of insoles that are formed at the same time will now be explained with reference to
After compression molding, the core becomes much stiffer and denser due to compressing the EVA to ⅛-in. thick in the forefoot area 46. This makes the insole torsionally rigid preventing twisting or rocking with excessive side-to-side motion. However, the insole 10 remains firm but resilient in the arch and heel area.
During compression molding the forefoot depression 58 and heel area depression 56 are compressed paper-thin with a recess created for the placement of the Poron platforms 62 and 64. The thinned area makes it possible for the Poron plugs to be felt through the top layer, adding cushioning under the heel and forefoot for supplemental shock absorption. On the bottom surface of the lower cradle 14, the trim lines 70 and 72 are compression molded in for easy fitting.
The present insole 10 is compatible with all arch heights as it auto-adapts when heated. With the addition of the corrective wedges described above, the insole can solve 95% of most medical foot problems. The insole 10 will assist a the normal foot (7% of population), the pronated foot (90%) and the high-supinated foot (3%). The insole 10 is built with a very deep, neutral heel (vertical heel cup), which holds the heel in a neutral position reducing pronation. When the arch is molded, it yields a uniform contour fit from behind the first metatarsal to the base of the heel. This contour fit increases shock absorption and reduces pronation during walking or sports. Corrections, additional wedges or pads may be added to the bottom of the device to increase or decrease pronation, adjust for dropped metatarsal bones and heel spurs, or create a rocker bottom forefoot. The deep heel cup supports the whole foot helping to prevent pronation while keeping the heel vertical. Compression molding is used for fabricated the insole 10 as it yields a stronger, more torsionally rigid and stable device than injection molding or skive molding.
Other aspects of the invention are custom molded ankle, knee, hand and back supports which may be molded easily without error. The gel and EVA pads allow the brace to be custom tailored to wide, normal or narrow ankles, knees, hand elbow and the foot.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the method and system of the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not limited by the foregoing descriptions but is intended to cover all modifications and variations that come within the scope of the spirit of the invention and the claims that follow.
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|Clasificación de EE.UU.||36/154, 36/155, 36/44|
|Clasificación internacional||A43B13/40, A43B7/28, A43B13/38|
|Clasificación cooperativa||A61F5/14, A43B7/142, A43B17/026, A43B7/28, A43B7/1445, A43B7/144|
|Clasificación europea||A43B7/14A20H, A43B7/28, A43B7/14A20A, A43B17/02G, A43B7/14A20M|
|13 Oct 2005||AS||Assignment|
Owner name: MASTERFIT ENTERPRISES, INC., NEW YORK
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:RICH, JEFFREY S.;REEL/FRAME:017117/0174
Effective date: 20050928
|18 Mar 2014||FPAY||Fee payment|
Year of fee payment: 4