|Numéro de publication||US6929043 B2|
|Type de publication||Octroi|
|Numéro de demande||US 10/198,113|
|Date de publication||16 août 2005|
|Date de dépôt||19 juil. 2002|
|Date de priorité||24 juil. 2001|
|État de paiement des frais||Payé|
|Autre référence de publication||US7543615, US7571751, US20030019545, US20050098233, US20050109423|
|Numéro de publication||10198113, 198113, US 6929043 B2, US 6929043B2, US-B2-6929043, US6929043 B2, US6929043B2|
|Inventeurs||James D. Woodford, Joe Weirathmueller, Friedrich Weirathmueller, Khalil G. Asal|
|Cessionnaire d'origine||Valley Machine Works Ltd.|
|Exporter la citation||BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan|
|Citations de brevets (102), Citations hors brevets (4), Référencé par (6), Classifications (17), Événements juridiques (7)|
|Liens externes: USPTO, Cession USPTO, Espacenet|
This invention pertains to sawmill edgers and more particularly, it relates to a board edger having a movable saw box controlled by a scanner and a computer to maximize the recovery of lumber from wood cants.
As the processing speed increases in sawmill machinery, wood pieces tend to bounce back from bumpers and alignment gates and are not always presented to the sawmill equipment in an ideal position. This inherent disadvantage with the handling of wood pieces is particularly apparent in wood cants or flitches. Wood cants have irregular and non-parallel sides which make them difficult to align along the longitudinal axis of an infeed conveyor for example. Consequently, increasing the processing speed of machinery often results in less recovery.
In the present description, the words; wood piece, cant, flitch and board are used interchangeably to designate a lengthwise strip of wood cut from a tree trunk.
In view of increasing both the processing speed and recovery, lineal scanners and computers have been developed to precisely measure the dimensions and the position of a wood board on a conveyor. These scanners and computers generate three-dimensional images of the cant, and calculate a sawing solution that represents the highest value combination of products which can be produced from the cant.
Similarly, sawmill edgers have been developed to operate with lineal scanners and computers. These edgers have a saw box that is adjustable about a vertical axis, and saw blades that are movable sideways along the arbor. The positions of the saw blades are continuously adjusted to track the realtime position and alignment of a wood board being fed there through and to follow the optimized cutting profile defined by the computer.
Examples of optimized edgers available in the prior art are disclosed in the following documents;
It will be appreciated that in a continuous wood edging process, the cants to be trimmed must be located precisely such that the saw blades can track the optimized cut lines in one cant and reposition quickly to track the optimized cut lines in a next cant. It has been found, however, that when the leading edge of a saw blade is made to focus on the leading edge of a cant approaching at high speed, there is a certain amount of wandering of the saw blade before it is set to track the optimized cut line. The saw blade enters the leading edge of the cant in a milling mode rather than a sawing mode, thereby increasing the kerf width at the leading edge of the cant. Similarly, when the optimized cut line stops at the trailing edge of the cant, the saw blade stops tracking the optimized cut line before it has completely exited the cant, causing an aftercut and also increasing the kerf width at the trailing edge of the cant.
In the machines of the prior art, several methods are used to locate the leading and trailing edges of a cant to control the tracking of optimized cut lines. For example, the machine described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,239,072 uses several measuring gates on the infeed side of the cutter heads to determine the position of the cant relative to the cutter heads and to adjust the cutter heads prior to entering into the cant. The position of the cant is measured relative to a feeding line. The cutter heads are correspondingly positioned on both sides of the feeding line, and the tracking of the optimized cut lines starts as the cant passes through the edger. The cutter heads are inclined in relation to each other in such a manner that the cutter heads are closer to each other at their cutting side than at the exit side to prevent aftercut.
The machine disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,722,474 uses photodetectors to detect the location of a cant relative to a reference point. Then the movement of the saw blades is correlated by computer with the longitudinal movement of the cant past the reference point.
The machine described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,884,682 uses another approach. The machine uses mechanical positioning devices to position the cant and to present it tangentially to the saw blades.
As it was explained, there are drawbacks in adjusting the saw blades to follow optimized cut lines which start at the leading edge of the wood board and end at the trailing edge of the board. As such, it may be appreciated that there continues to be a need for a new and improved method to operate a board edger to prevent these surface defects. There is also a need for a better board edger in which the saw blades are shifted with greater speed and precision.
In the present invention, however, there is provided an optimized board edger in which the structure of the saw blade moving mechanism has a low inertia, for rapid positioning of the saw blades. The saw box in the optimized board edger follows optimized cut lines on a virtual entity of the wood board to be trimmed. This virtual entity is made to be longer than the wood board such that the tracking of the optimized cut lines starts before the saw blades enter the leading edge of the wood board and ends after the saw blades have completely exited the wood board.
In accordance with a broad aspect of the present invention, there is provided a new method to reduce saw kerf defects while sawing a wood piece in motion. This method consists of determining a cut line along the wood piece, extending the cut line beyond an edge of the wood piece, and sawing the wood piece along the cut line.
In another broad aspect of the present invention, there is provided an installation for sawing wood boards in motion and avoiding or substantially reducing kerf defects. This installation comprises a wood sawing apparatus having a wood sawing tool mounted therein. There is also provided, a means to determine a cut line on a wood board, to extend the cut line beyond an edge of the wood board, and to move the cut line with the wood board through the wood sawing apparatus. The new installation also has means to cause the wood sawing tool to track the cut line along its extended length.
In the present disclosure, the expression “virtual entity” is used to describe a set of data inside a computer memory corresponding to the dimensions, position and speed of a wood board in motion relative to one or more space and time references that are assignable to a board edger.
In another feature of the present invention, there is provided a new method for edging a wood board. This method comprises the following steps:
The method according present invention for edging a wood board reduces the defects and disadvantages of the prior art by incorporating buffer zones ahead and after the wood board, in which the saw blade adjustments are effected. The lengths of these buffer zones are determined by the response time of the board edger for repositioning the saw blades, the desired speed of the transport conveyor and the desired spacing between the boards.
In accordance with another feature of the present invention, there is provided a board edger for edging wood cants, comprising a saw box having an arbour mounted therein. At least one saw collar assembly is adjustably mounted on the arbor and a saw blade is mounted in the saw collar assembly. The saw box also has a setworks mounted thereon above the arbor. The setworks has a displacement parallel to the arbor. A saw shifting arm extends at right angle from the arbor, between the saw collar assembly and the setworks for moving the saw blade along the arbor in response to a movement of the setworks. This saw shifting arrangement is advantageous over other board edgers of the prior art in that it is compact, light, frictionless and precise.
Other advantages and novel features of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of the preferred embodiment.
One embodiment of the present invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which like numerals denote like parts throughout the several views, and in which:
While this invention is susceptible of embodiments in many different forms, there is shown in the drawings and will be described in details herein one specific embodiment of the board edger according to the present invention, with the understanding that the present disclosure is to be considered as an example of the principles of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention to the embodiment illustrated and described. Similarly, the preferred installation of the optimized board edger and its method of operation are provided as examples to explain a general concept. These descriptions should not be used to limit the scope of the invention.
Referring firstly to
In the preferred board edging installation, a computer system is provided between the lineal scanner 22 and the optimized board edger 26. This computer system comprises a personal computer (PC) 32 containing an optimizing software, a programmable logic controller (PLC) 34 communicating with the PC 32 and with one or more servo modules 36 and one or more servo drive translators 38 to control the tracking functions of the optimized board edger 26. A two-way ethernet 100 MB/sec. connection 40 is provided between the PC 32 and the PLC 34.
The lineal scanner 22 is preferably a 3-D True-Shape Scanner™ manufactured by Perceptron Inc., a company having its headquarters at Plymouth, Mich., USA. The PC 32 preferably, has a high speed processor and optimizing software to receive a 3-D image from the lineal scanner 22 and to compute a breakdown solution in 250 millisecond or less for softwood applications and in 400 millisecond or less for hardwood applications.
The length of the transport conveyor 24 is determined according to the desired travel speed of this transport conveyor and the processing time for each sawing solution. A travel speed of 800-1200 feet/minute is believed achievable with the installation described herein.
The optimized board edger 26 according to the preferred embodiment has an active saw box 42 which is movable about a vertical axis and in which the saw blades are movable along the arbor. In order to reduce the inertia of the saw box 42, the arbor is driven by an electric motor 44 through sheaves and belts under the guard 46 and a flexible drive shaft under the guard 48.
In use, an untrimmed wood board 50 is scanned while in motion through the scanner 22. The longitudinal axis 52 of the board relative to the longitudinal axis 54 of the optimized board edger, as well as the optimized cut lines 56 are determined while the wood board is moving toward the optimized board edger 26.
The saws are set apart a same distance A as the spacing between the optimized cut lines 56. The saw box 42 is rotated to align the saw blades 60 parallel to the longitudinal axis 52 of the wood board, and the saw blades are set in motion along the arbor 62 to follow the optimized cut lines 56 as the wood board 50 travels through the optimized board edger 26.
Referring now to
In the machines of the prior art, the leading edge 70 and the rear edge 72 of the wood board 50 are detected and used to designate the beginning and the ending of the optimized cut lines 56. The leading and trailing edges are used as targets with which the saw blades must aim. However, it will be appreciated that the saw box has a certain inertia and its actuators have acceleration, deceleration, elasticity and dampening factors, incorporated in each of their movements. These motion factors cause a certain delay in positioning the saw blades 60 at the entrance and exit of a board. As a result, the positioning of the saw blades 60 is not instantaneous. The saw blades might still oscillate around their programmed position as they enter the leading edge 70 of the wood board. The tracking of the saw blades in unison to follow the optimized cut lines 56 may only start an instant after the saw blades have actually entered the board. Similarly, the movement of the saw blades in tracking the optimized cut lines throughout to the trailing edge 72 stops prematurely before the saw blades have completely exited the wood board.
This dragging in the positioning of the saw blades to follow the optimized cut lines causes the kerf width near the leading and trailing edges of a wood board to be generally larger than normal, causing defects in the recovered lumber and side stresses on the saw blades.
In the preferred method of operating the optimized board edger 26, the PC 32 is configured to construct a virtual entity 80 of each wood board 50. This virtual entity 80 has all the dimensions of the physical wood board 50. This virtual entity 80 is superimposed in space and time over the physical wood board 50.
Depending upon the operating speed and the length of the transport conveyor 24, the virtual entity 80 is assigned excess length L ahead of the leading edge 70 of the wood board 50, and excess length T following the trailing edge 72 of the wood board 50. The optimized cut lines 56 are projected along both excess lengths L, T.
In the preferred method of operation, the angle of the saws 60 relative to the longitudinal axis 52 of the wood board 50 and the spacing A of the saw blades 60 are adjusted, and the displacement of the saw blades in unison along the arbour 32 is set in motion by the PC 32 according to the position, alignment and travelling speed of the virtual entity 80. The target set points between which precise tracking of the saw blades 60 is maintained are set at the forward edge 70′ and the rear edge 72′ of the virtual entity 80. By aiming the saw blades 60 at the forward edge 70′ of the virtual entity 80, the inherent oscillation of the saw blades 60 during positioning occurs along the excess length L, such that uniform side edges are obtained from the leading edge 70 of the actual wood board 50. Similarly, the tracking of the optimized cut lines back to the rear edge 72′ of the virtual entity 80 ensures that the saw blades are out of the wood board 50 when tracking stops. In the preferred edging installation, having the response and computing time as mentioned hereinbefore, the lengths L and T are set at 24 inch each.
Referring now to
The rotation of the saw box 42 to the right or the left of the longitudinal axis 54 is effected by a DC servo drive actuator controlled by the PC 32. This DC servo drive actuator and its mounting have not been illustrated herein for being known to those skilled in the art.
The setworks 98 also comprises two DC servo drive motors 104 respectively linked to a linear slide 106, and also being controlled by the PC 32. Each linear slide 106 encloses a ball screw and a ball nut connected to a yoke plate 108. Each DC servo drive motor 104 drives the yoke plate 108 along the linear slide 106 with precision. A shifting arm 110 is affixed to the yoke plate 108 and extends to a respective saw collar assembly 112 for moving one of the saw blades 60 along the arbor 92. Both saw blades 60 are movable independently of each other along the arbor 92 for board width adjustment, and in unison with each other during the edging of a wood board.
The arbor 92 has splines thereon as it is customary with board edgers. Each saw blade 60 is supported in a collar assembly 112, which is adapted to engage with, and to slide along these splines. This collar assembly 112 is better illustrated in
The outer race of the bearing 132 is clamped into an outer bearing seat 136 inside an opening 138 in the lower end of the shifting arm 110. The outer race of the bearing 132 is held to the outer bearing seat 136 by means of an outer lock ring 140 having bolt holes 142 and machine screws 144 through these holes. Where possible, the components of the saw collar assembly 112 are made of aluminum to ensure a minimum weight and inertia.
The preferred shifting arm 110 has a conduit 146 therein to which is connected a nozzle 148. This conduit 146 and nozzle 148 are advantageous for periodically pumping lubricant to the surface of the arbor 92 for lubricating the hub 114 and the arbor 92.
Referring particularly to
As to other manner of usage and operation of the present invention, the same should be apparent from the above description and accompanying drawings, and accordingly further discussion relative to the manner of usage and operation of the invention would be considered repetitious and is not provided.
While one embodiment of the present invention has been illustrated and described herein, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various modifications, alternate constructions and equivalents may be employed without departing from the true spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, the above description and the illustrations should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention which is defined by the appended claims.
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|Classification aux États-Unis||144/357, 144/378, 144/376, 83/368|
|Classification internationale||B23D59/00, B27B5/04, B27B5/34, B27B31/06|
|Classification coopérative||B23D59/003, Y10T83/538, B27B31/06, B27B5/34, B27B5/04|
|Classification européenne||B23D59/00B1A, B27B31/06, B27B5/04, B27B5/34|
|26 août 2002||AS||Assignment|
Owner name: VALLEY MACHINE WORKS LTD., CANADA
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:WOODFORD, JAMES D.;WEIRATHMUELLER, JOE;WEIRATHMUELLER, FRIEDRICH;AND OTHERS;REEL/FRAME:013228/0286
Effective date: 20020813
|5 déc. 2005||AS||Assignment|
Owner name: U.S. NATURAL RESOURCES, INC., WASHINGTON
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:VALLEY MACHINE WORKS LTD.;REEL/FRAME:017303/0452
Effective date: 20051109
|22 janv. 2009||FPAY||Fee payment|
Year of fee payment: 4
|16 janv. 2013||FPAY||Fee payment|
Year of fee payment: 8
|28 janv. 2014||AS||Assignment|
Owner name: WELLS FARGO BANK, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, OREGON
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Effective date: 20131220
|12 sept. 2014||AS||Assignment|
Owner name: USNR, LLC, WASHINGTON
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Effective date: 20131220
|2 avr. 2015||AS||Assignment|
Owner name: U.S. NATURAL RESOURCES, INC, WASHINGTON
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Effective date: 20150330