Acute complicated cystitis and pyelonephritis
- Thomas M Hooton, MD
Thomas M Hooton, MD
- Professor of Medicine
- University of Miami Miller School of Medicine
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) include cystitis (infection of the bladder) and pyelonephritis (infection of the kidney). Most episodes of cystitis and pyelonephritis are generally considered to be uncomplicated in otherwise healthy nonpregnant adults. A complicated urinary tract infection, whether localized to the lower or upper tract, is associated with an underlying condition that increases the risk of failing therapy.
Issues related to acute complicated cystitis and pyelonephritis will be reviewed here. Issues related to acute uncomplicated cystitis and pyelonephritis in women are discussed separately, as are issues related to UTIs in pregnant women, in men, and in the setting of indwelling urethral catheters. (See "Urinary tract infections and asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnancy" and "Acute uncomplicated cystitis and pyelonephritis in men" and "Catheter-associated urinary tract infection in adults" and "Acute uncomplicated cystitis and pyelonephritis in women".)
Urinary tract infections in renal transplant patients are also discussed in detail elsewhere. (See "Urinary tract infection in renal transplant recipients".)
A complicated urinary tract infection, whether localized to the lower or upper tract, is associated with an underlying condition that increases the risk of failing therapy, including the following:
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