Dr. Hernandez is studying neurotransmitter abnormalities in depressed patients. She would escribe herself as a
A car accident damaged areas of Cliff's left temporal and frontal lobes causing him to have difficulties speaking an understanding language. Cliff's disorder is called
autonomic nervous system
Heartbeat, digestion, and other self-regulating bodily functions are governed by the
Melissa has just completed running a marathon. She is so elated that she feels little fatigue or discomfort. Her lack of pain is probably due to the result of the release of
Epinephrine and norepinephrine are both ____ that are released by the ________ gland.
Which is typically controlled by the left hemisphere: the left side of the body, perceptual skills, spatial reasoning, or word recognition?
a pattern of biological functioning that occurs on a roughly 24-hour cycle
Circadian rhythm refers to
Our inability to consciously process all the sensory information available to us at any single point in time best illustrated the necessity of
The need to take larger and larger doses of a drug before experiencing its effects is called
In large doses, alcohol is a _________; in small doses, it is a ____________.
Evolutionary psychology studies the roots of behavioral and mental processes using the principles of
A behavior geneticist would be most interested in studying heredity influences on
heritable traits can be influenced by environmental factors
Gender differences in heritable personality traits cannot necessarily be attributed to male-female genetic differences because
observation and imitation play a crucial role in the gender-typing process
Social learning theorists emphasize that
affirmation or self-defined ethical principles
According to Kohlberg, post-conventional morality involves
warmly supportive parenting and children's self-esteem are correlated
If warmly supportive parents are especially like to have children with high self-esteem, this would most clearly indicate that
the difficulty perceiving things from another person's point of view
According to Piaget, egocentrism refers to
Olivia understands her world primarily by grasping and sucking easily available objects. Olivia is clearly in Piaget's ___________ stage.
In a stressful situation, the sympathetic nervous system __________ blood-sugar levels and ___________ the pupils of the eye.
Sleep deprivation ________ the production of body fat by ___________ levels of the stress hormone cortisol,
While reading a novel, Raoul isn't easily distracted by the sounds of TV or even by his brothers' loud arguments. This best illustrates
Because he believes that crying is a feminine trait, 14-year-old George has difficulty admitting that a movie makes him tearful. His experience best illustrates the impact of
certain events have a particularly strong impact on development
A critical period is a phase during which
Although 3-year-old Adam happily explores the attractive toys located in the dentist's waiting room, he periodically returns to his mother's side for brief moments. Adam most clearly displays signs of
Mark believes that choosing to violate government laws is morally justifiable if it is done to protect the lives of innocent people. Kohlberg would suggest that this illustrates ________ morality.
a biopsychosocial approach
An integrated explanation of human behavior provided by the neuroscience, cognitive, social-cultural, and other perspectives in psychology is most clearly provided by
Depressed mood states are linked to ______ levels of serotonin and __________ levels of norepinephrine.
Jarrud thinks he should obey his techers only if they are carefully watching him. Kohlberg would suggest that Jarrud demonstrates a(n) ___________ morality.
The two major divisions of the nervous system are the central and the _________ nervous systems.
autonomic nervous system
Messages are transmitted from your spinal cord to your heart muscles by the
fraternal twins who were raised apart
Two individuals are most likely to differ in personality if they are
Adopted children are especially likely to have similar _______ if raised in the same home.
The tendency to exaggerate the impact of parents' child-rearing practices on children's personality has been most characteristic of
solve arithmetic problems
Damage to the left cerebral hemisphere is most likely to reduce people's ability to
Dr. Stevens provides psychotherapy to people who suffer from excessive anxiety. Dr. Stevens is most likely a _________ psychologist.
Jessica acts so differently with her parents than with her girlfriends that she often thinks her personality is completely phony. Erik Erikson would suggest that Jessica is experiencing
Four-year-old Jennifer mistakenly believes that her mother would like to receive a toy doll as a Christmas present. This best illustrates Piaget's concept of
left cerebral hemisphere
Research with split-brain patients suggests that the ________ typically constructs the theories people offer to explain their own behaviors.
Focusing on the extent to which behavior is influenced by motives outside our own awareness is most relevant to the _______ perspective.
Deficient social interaction and an impaired understanding of others' states of mind is most characteristic of
Erikson's psychosocial development theory
The process of developing a sense of identity during adolescence was highlighted by
nature versus nurture
Debates as to whether alcohol abuse is biologically determined or culturally influenced are most relevant to the issue of
Over the last century, Western parents have placed _________ priority on teaching children to respect and obey parents and _________ priority on teaching them loyalty to their country.
a PET scan
What procedure would be most useful for detecting the brain areas that are most active as a person performs mathematical calculations.
"I don't care whether you want to do the dishes, you will do so because I said so!" This statement is most representative of a(n) ___________ parenting style.
The school of thought in psychology that systematically turned away from the study of consciousness during the first half of the last century was
investigating the personal suitability of various occupational and social roles
Erikson would have suggested that adolescents can most effectively develop a sense of identity by
By a week after birth, infants are able to distinguish between their mothers' and strangers'
According to Erikson, older adults can most effectively cope with the prospect of their own death if they have achieved a sense of
Conditioned Response (CR)
You repeatedly hear a tone just before having a puff of air directed at your eye. Blinking at the tone without a puff of air presented is a
If children get attention from their parents for doing cartwheels, they will repeat the trick in anticipation of more attention. This best illustrates
Pavlov noticed that dogs began salivating at the mere sight of the person who regularly brought food to them. For the dogs, the sight of the person became a(n)
If you have a "frightening experience" immediately after hearing a strange sound, your fear may be aroused after you hear that sound again. This best illustrates
Months after she was raped, Courtney's heart pounds merely at the sight of the place in which she was attacked. The location of her attack is most likely a(n) ________ of her anxiety.
In teaching her son to play basketball, Mrs. Richards initially enforces him with praise for simply dribbling while standing still, then only for walking while dribbling, and finally only for running while dribbling. She uses a procedure known as
If the onset of a light reliably signals the onset of food, a rat in the Skinner box will work to turn on the light. In this case, the light is a __________ reinforcer.
If one chimpanzee watches another chimp solve a puzzle for a food reward, the first chimp may thereby learn how to solve the puzzle. This best illustrates
Mary's bathroom scale always overstates people's actual weight by exactly six pounds. The scale has _________ reliability and ________ validity.
The extent to which differences in intelligence among a group of people are attributable to genetic factors is known as the _________ of intelligence.
University students who focus on the interest and challenge of their schoolwork rather than on simply meeting deadlines and securing good grades are especially likely to demonstrate
We more quickly recognize that a blue jay is a bird than that a penguin is a bird because a blue jay more closely resembles our _________ of a bird.
When retested on the WAIS, people's second scores generally match their first scores quite closely. This indicates that the test has a high degree of
Superior performance on the Stanford-Binet most clearly corresponds with Sternberg's concept of
An 8-year-old who responds to the original Stanford-Binet with the proficiency of an average 10-year-old was said to have an IQ of
Although diagnosed with autism and hardly able to speak coherently, 18-year-old Andrew can produce intricate and detailed drawings of scenes he has viewed only once. Andrew illustrates a condition known as
When Phoebe strongly disagrees with her sister's opinion, she effectively controls her own anger and responds with empathy to her sister's frustration regarding their dispute. Her behavior best illustrates
The onset of _______ often begins after a dieter has broken diet restrictions and gorged.
adequate clothing; self-esteem
According to Maslow, our need for _______ must be met before we are preoccupied with satisfying our need for _________.
Psychologists have used four perspectives in their efforts to explain motivation. These include an emphasis on instincts, optimum arousal, a hierarchy of motives, and
On some college football teams, players are rewarded for outstanding performance with a gold star on their helmets. This practice best illustrates the use of
reduced self-awareness and are less likely to use condoms
Teens who use alcohol prior to sexual intercourse experience
the specific body weight maintained automatically by most adults over long periods of time
The set point is
A complex, unlearned, and fixed pattern of behavior common to all members of a species is called a(n)
Victims of a famine will ofte eat unappetizing and nutritionally poor foods simply to relieve their constant hunger. Their behavior is best explained in terms of
The fight-or-flight response is associated with the release of ________ into the bloodstream.
believe they cannot change a stressful situation
People tend to use emotion-focused rather than problem-focused coping strategies when they
Aerobic exercise ________ the body's production of serotonin and _______ its production of endorphins.
We find especially difficult to detect from other people's facial expressions whether they are