Abrikosov, Alexei Alekseyevich, 1928–, Russian-American physicist, Ph.D. Institute for Physical Problems, USSR Academy of Sciences, 1951. Abrikosov was a researcher at the Institute, then from 1965 to 1988 he was a department head at the Landau Institute, USSR Academy of Sciences; from 1988 to 1991 he was director of the Institute of High Pressure Physics. He also was a professor at Moscow State Univ. from 1951 to 1976. Abrikosov has been a researcher at Argonne National Laboratory in Illinois since 1991. In 2003 Abrikosov was a co-recipient, with Vitaly Ginzburg and Anthony Leggett, of the Nobel Prize in Physics for making pioneering contributions to the theory of superconductors (see superconductivity). In the 1950s Abrikosov developed a theory to explain how a certain class of superconductors, known as Type II, are superconductive and magnetic at the same time and how they remain superconductive in high magnetic fields.
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