Edward P. Glenn
Ph.D., Botanical Sciences, 1978, University of Hawaii
Office: Environmental Research Laboratory
Current Research Projects (Active 2001):
Restoration Potential of the Colorado River Delta, Mexico (Funding sources: USFWS-National Wetlands Council); Vegetation Mapping of the Colorado River Delta (USFWS); Water Budget for the Colorado River Delta (Environmental Defense Fund); Native Plants for Phytoremediation of Contaminated Desert Soils (DOE); Water Balance Studies on Uranium Mill Tailings Containment Cells in the Southwestern USA (DOE); Halophytes Crops for Recycling Brines (29 Palms Water District); Restoration of Abandoned Desert Farmland (Pinnacle West Power Co.); Breeding Commercial Lines of the Oilseed Halophyte, Salicornia (Seaphire, Inc.); Phytoremediation of Lead Contaminated Soils (U.S. Post Office); demonstration seawater farm in Hainan Province, China (Besthand Trading Co. and Govt. of China); Seaweed, Shrimp and Fish Polyculture as a Community Enterprise on Molokai (NOAA, USDA-SARE, USDA-NRI, Agricultural Systems Program); Seawater Agriculture in Eritrea (Seaphire, Inc.).
Peer-Reviewed Monographs/ Book Chapters/ Reviews:
Glenn, E.P., Kent, K.J., Thompson, T.L. and Frye, R.J. 1991. Seaweeds and Halophytes to Remove Carbon from the Atmosphere: Planning Study. EPRI ER/EN-7177, Electric Power Research Institute, Palo Alto, 7 chapters + appendix, various pagings.
Glenn, E. P. and Pfund, R. 1992. Potential Sites for Seaweed Culture in Hawaii. Hawaii Sea Grant Program, Honolulu, UNIHI-SEAGRANT-MR-92-01, 68 pp.
Glenn, E.P. and Watson, M.C. 1992. Halophyte Crops for Direct Salt Water Irrigation. In: H. Lieth and A. Al Massoum (eds.), Towards Rational Use of High Salinity Tolerant Plants, Vol. I, Kluwer, Netherlands, pp. 379-385.
Glenn, E. P. 1993. Irrigating halophytes with saline water to produce animal feed and sequester carbon from the atmosphere. In: A.T. Ayoub and C.V. Malcolm (eds.), UNEP Environmental Management Guidelines for Halophytes for Livestock, Rehabilitation of Degraded Land and Sequestering Atmospheric Carbon. UNEP, Nairobi, 60 pp.
Glenn, E. P., M. Olsen, R. Frye and D. Moore. 1994. Use of Halophytes to Remove Carbon from the Atmosphere: Results of a Demonstration Experiment. Electric Power Research Institute, TR-103310, Research Report 8011-03, Palo Alto, California, 6 chapers, various pagings.
Glenn, E. P., R. S. Swingle, J. Riley, C. Mota, M.C. Watson and V. Squires. 1994. North American halophytes: potential use in livestock husbandry. In: V. R. Squires and A. Ayoub (eds.), Halophytes as a Resource for Livestock and for Rehabilitation of Degraded Land, Tasks in Vegetation Science Series, Kluwer Academic Press, The Netherlands.
Miyamoto, S., E. P. Glenn and N. T. Singh. 1994. Utilization of halophytes for fodder production with brackish water in subtropic deserts. In: V. R. Squires and A. Ayoub (eds.), Halophytes as a Resource for Livestock and for Rehabilitation of Degraded Land, Tasks in Vegetation Science Series, Kluwer Academic Press, The Netherlands.
O'Leary, J. and E. Glenn. 1994. Global distribution and potential for halophytes. In: V. R. Squires and A. Ayoub (eds.), Halophytes as a Resource for Livestock and for Rehabilitation of Degraded Land, Tasks in Vegetation Science Series, Kluwer Academic Press, The Netherlands.
Swingle, R.S., E. P. Glenn and J. Riley. 1994. Halophytes in mixed forage rations in North America. In: Halophytes as a Resource for Livestock and for Rehabilitation of Degraded Land, Tasks in Vegetation Science Series, Kluwer Academic Press, The Netherlands.
Glenn, E. P. 1995. Halophytes. In: Encyclopedia of Environmental Biology, Academic Press, N.Y.
Glenn, E. P., J. Riley, N. Hicks and S. Swingle. 1995. Seawater irrigation of halophytes for animal feed. In: R. Choukr-Allah, C. Malcolm and A. Hamdy (eds.), Halophytes and Biosaline Agriculture, Marcel Dekker, New York, pp. 221-236.
Glenn, E. P., J. Brown and J. Khan. 1997. Mechanisms of salt tolerance in higher plants. In: A. Basra (ed.), Mechanisms of Environmental Stress Resistance in Plants, Harwood Academic Publishers, New York, pp. 83-110.
Glenn, E., C. Machado, D. Moore, K. Fitzsimmons and S. Menke. 1996. Atlas of Gracilaria Spore Culture, National Coastal Resources Institute, Portland, Oregon, 36 pp.
Glenn, E., V. Squires and J. Brown. 1997. Saline soils in the drylands: extent of the problem and prospects for utilization. In: N. Middleton and D. Thomas (eds.), World Atlas of Desertification, Second Edition, UNEP/Arnold Press, London, pp. 144-148.
Squires, V. and E. Glenn. 1997. Carbon sequestration in the drylands. In: N. Middleton and D. Thomas (eds.), World Atlas of Desertification, Second Edition, UNEP/Arnold Press, London, pp. 140-143.
Thomas, D., V. Squires and E. Glenn. 1997. The North American dust bowl and desertification: economic and environmental interactions. In: N. Middleton and D. Thomas (eds.), World Atlas of Desertification, Second Edition, UNEP/Arnold Press, London, pp. 149-154.
Glenn, E. P., J. Brown and J. O'Leary. 1998. Irrigating crops with seawater. Scientific American 279:56-61.
Glenn, E., M. Stafford Smith and V. Squires. 1998. On our failure to control desertification: implications for global change issues, and a research agenda for the future. Environmental Science & Policy 1:71-78.
Cohen, M., J. Morrison and E. Glenn. 1999. Haven or hazard: the ecology and future of the Salton Sea. Pacific Institute for Studies in Development, Environment and Security, Oakland, CA, 64 pp.
Glenn, E., J. Brown and E. Blumwald. 1999. Salt tolerance and crop potential of halophytes. Critical Reviews in Plant Science 18:227-255.
Glenn, E., M. Cohen, J. Morrison, C. Valdes and K. Fitzsimmons. 1999. Science and policy dilemmas in the management of agricultural waste waters: the case of the Salton Sea. Environmental Science & Policy 2:1-11.
Glenn, E. P., J. Garcia, C. Congdon and D. Luecke. 1999. Status of wetlands supported by agricultural drainage water in the Colorado River delta, Mexico. HortScience 34:16-21.
Nelson, S. and E. Glenn. 2000. Spore and sporeling production in the development of aquaculture systems for species of Gracilaria and related seaweeds. In: M. Fingerman and R. Nagabhushanam (eds.), Recent Advances in Marine Biotechnology, Volume 4: Aquaculture, Part A, Seaweeds and Invertebrates. Science Publishers, Inc., USA.
Refereed Journal Articles:
Glenn, E.P. and A. Maretzki, 1977. Properties and subcellular distribution of two partially purified ornithine transcarbamylases in cell suspensions of sugarcane. Plant Physiol. 60: 122-126.
Glenn, E.P., 1981. Growth effects and metabolism of arginine in the culture cycle of sugarcane cell suspensions. Physiol. Plantarum 52: 59-64.
Glenn, E.P. and M.S. Doty, 1981. Photosynthesis and respiration of the tropical red seaweeds, Eucheuma striatum (Tambalang and Elkhorn varieties) and E. denticulatum. Aquatic Bot. 10: 353-364.
Yensen, N., M. Fontes, E.P. Glenn and R. Felger, 1981. New salt tolerant crops for the Sonoran Desert. Desert Plants 3: 111-118.
Yensen, N., E.P. Glenn and M. Fontes, 1983. Biogeographical distribution of salt marsh halophytes on the coasts of the Sonoran Desert. Desert Plants 5: 76-81.
Glenn, E.P., 1984. Seasonal effects of radiation and temperature on growth of greenhouse lettuce in a high insolation desert environment. Scientia Hort. 22: 9-21.
Glenn, E.P., P. Cardran and T. Thompson, 1984. Seasonal effects of shading on growth of greenhouse lettuce and spinach. Scientia Hort. 24: 231-239.
Glenn, E.P. and J. O'Leary, 1984. Relationship between salt accumulation and water content of dicotyledonous halophytes. Plant, Cell & Environment 7: 253-261.
Riser, E., J. Grabowski and E.P. Glenn, 1984. Microbiology of hydroponically grown lettuce. J. Food Protection 48: 879-882.
Glenn, E.P. and J. O'Leary, 1985. Productivity and irrigation requirements of halophytes grown with seawater in the Sonoran Desert. J. Arid Environments 9: 81-91.
O'Leary, J., E.P. Glenn and M. Watson, 1985. Agricultural production of halophytes irrigated with seawater. Plant & Soil 89: 311-321.
Riser, E.C., J. Grabowski and E.P. Glenn, 1985. Effect of the normal microflora on survival of Salmonella typhimurium inoculated into a hydroponic nutrient solution. J. Food Protection 48: 879-882.
Glenn, E.P., 1987. Relationship between cation accumulation and water content of salt tolerant grasses and a sedge. Plant, Cell & Environment 10: 205-212.
Watson, C., J. O'Leary and E.P. Glenn, 1987. Evaluation of Atriplex lentiformis (Torr.) S. Wats. and Atriplex nummularia Lindl. as irrigated forage crops. J. Arid Environments 13: 292-303.
Glenn, E.P. and M.S. Doty, 1990. Growth of the seaweeds Kappaphycus alvarezii, K. striatum and Eucheuma denticulatum as affected by environment in Hawaii. Aquaculture 84: 245-255.
Glenn, E.P., Smith, C.W., and Doty, M.S. 1990. Influence of antecedent temperatures on the standing crop of a Sargassum-dominated reef in Hawaii. Marine Biology 105: 323-328.
Glenn, E.P., C. Clement, P. Brannon and L. Leigh. 1990. Sustainable food production for a complete diet. HortScience 25: 1507-1512.
Glenn, E.P., J.W. O'Leary, M.C. Watson and T.L. Thompson, and R. O.
Kuehl. 1991. Salicornia bigelovii Torr.: an oilseed halophyte for seawater
irrigation. Science 251: 1065-1067..
Glenn, E. P., M. C. Watson and J. W. O'Leary. 1992. Salt tolerance and osmotic adjustment of low-sodium and high-sodium subspecies of the halophyte, Atriplex canescens. Plant, Cell & Environment 15: 711-718.
Glenn, E. P. and M. S. Doty. 1992. Water motion affects the growth rates of Kappaphycus alvarezii and related red seaweeds. Aquaculture 108: 233-246.
Glenn, E. P., L. Pitelka and M. Olsen. 1992. The use of halophytes to sequester carbon. Water, Air & Soil Pollution 64: 251-263.
Glenn, E. P., W. Coates, J. J. Riley, R. Kuehl and R. S. Swingle. 1992. Salicornia bigelovii Torr.: a seawater-irrigated forage for goats. Animal Feed Science and Technology 40: 21-30.
Glenn, E. P., C. Hodges, H. Leith, R. Pielke and L. Pitelka. 1992. Halophytes to remove carbon from the atmosphere. Environment 34: 40-43.
Glenn, E.P., R. Felger, A. Burquez, and D. Turner. 1992. Cienega de Santa Clara: endangered wetland in the Colorado Delta. Natural Resources Journal 32(4): 817-824.
Pielke, R.A., T.J. Lee, E.P. Glenn and R. Avissar. 1992. Influence of halophyte plantings in arid regions on local atmospheric structure. Int. J. Biometeorology 37: 96-100.
Glenn, E. P., V. Squires, M. Olsen and R. Frye. 1993. Potential for Carbon Sequestration in the Drylands. Water, Air and Soil Pollution 70: 341-356.
Ojima, D., B. Dirks, E. P. Glenn, C. E. Owensby and J. Scurlock. 1993. Assessment of C budget for grasslands and drylands of the world. Water, Air and Soil Pollution 70: 95-110.
Hodges, C., L. Thompson, J. Riley and E. Glenn. 1993. Reversing the
flow: returning carbon and nutrients from the sea to the land. Ambio
Thompson, T. L. and E. P. Glenn. 1994. Plaster standards to measure water motion. Limnology and Oceanography 39: 1768-1779.
Zengel, S., V. Meretzky, E. P. Glenn, R. S. Felger and D. Ortiz. 1995. Vegetation analysis and effects of drydown on Cienega de Santa Clara, a remnanat wetland in the Colorado River delta. Ecological Engineering 4: 19-36.
Glenn, E. P., T.L. Thompson, J. Riley and D. Baumgartner. 1995. Effects of salinity on growth and evapotranspiration of Typha domingensis Pers. Aquatic Botany 52: 75-91.
Khan, J. and E. P. Glenn. 1996. Yield and evapotranspiration of two barley varieties as affected by NaCl salinity and leaching fraction in lysimeter tanks. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 27(1-2): 157-177.
Miyamoto, S., E. P. Glenn and M. Olsen. 1996. Growth, water use and salt uptake of four halophytes irrigated with highly saline water. Journal of Arid Environments 32: 141-159.
Glenn, E. P., C. Lee, R. Felger and S. Zengel. 1996. Water management impacts on the wetlands of the Colorado River delta, Mexico. Conservation Biology 10: 1175-1186.
Glenn, E. P., D. Moore and K. Fitzsimmons. 1996. Spore culture of the edible red seaweed, gracilaria parvispora Abbott (Rhodophyta). Aquaculture 142: 59-74.
Glenn, E. P., R. Pfister, J. Brown, T. L. Thompson and J. O'Leary. 1996. Na and K accumulation and salt tolerance of Atriplex canescens (Chenopodiaceae) genotypes. American Journal of Botany 83: 997-1005.
Olsen, M., R.l Frye and E. Glenn. 1996. Effect of salinity and plant species on CO2 flux and leaching of dissolved organic carbon during decomposition of plant residue. Plant and Soil 179: 183-188.
Swingle, R., E. Glenn and V. Squires. 1996. Growth performance of lambs fed mixed diets containing halophyte ingredients. Animal Feed Science & Technology 63: 137-148.
Zengel, S. and E. P. Glenn. 1996. Presence of the endangered desert pupfish, (Cyprinodon macularius, Cyprinidontidae) in Cienega de Santa Clara, Mexico, following an extensive marsh dry down. Southwestern Naturalist 41: 73-78.
Glenn, E., S. Miyamoto, D. Moore, J. Brown and P. Brown. 1997. Water requirements of the oilseed halophyte Salicornia bigelovii irrigated with seawater on sand in a coastal desert environment. Journal of Arid Environments 36:711-730.
Riley, J., K. Fitzsimmons and E. Glenn. 1997. Halophyte irrigation:
an overlooked strategy for management of membrane filtration concentrate.
E. Glenn and J. Brown. 1998. Effects of soil salt levels on the growth and water use efficiency of Atriplex canescens (Chenopodiaceae) varieties in drying soil. American Journal of Botany 85:10-16.
Glenn, E., D. Moore, S. Sanderson, J. Brown, D. Lash, M. Nelson and J. Waugh. 1998. Comparison of growth and morphology of Atriplex canescens varieties occidentalis and angustifolia. Southwestern Naturalist 43:176-182.
Glenn, E., R. Tanner, S. Miyamoto, K. Fitzsimmons and J. Boyer. 1998. Water use, productivity and forage quality of the halophyte, Atriplex nummularia, grown on saline waste water in a desert environment. Journal of Arid Environments 38:45-62.
Glenn, E., D. Moore, J. Brown, M. Akutigawa, S. Napolean and K. Fitzsimmons. 1998. Sustainable culture of Gracilaria parvispora using sporelings, reef outplantings and floating cages in Hawaii. Aquaculture 165:221-232.
Glenn, E., R. Tanner, S. Mendez, T. Kehret, D. Moore, J. Garcia and C. Valdes. 1998. Growth rates, salt tolerance and water use characteristics of native and invasive riparian plants from the delta of the Colorado River delta, Mexico. Journal of Arid Environments 40:281-294.
Lash, D., E. Glenn, J. Waugh and D. Baumgartner. 1998. Effects of grazing exclusion and reseeding on a former uranium mill site in the Great Basin Desert, Arizona. Arid Soil Research and Rehabilitation 13:253-264.
Baumgartner, D., E. Glenn, R. Kuehl, T. Thompson, J. Artiola, S. Menke, R. Saar, G. Moss and M. Algharaibeh. 1999. Plant uptake response to metals and nitrate in simulated uranium mill tailings contaminated groundwater. Water, Air and Soil Pollution 113:1-15.
Brown, J., E. Glenn, K. Fitzsimmons and S. Smith. 1999. Halophytes for the treatment of saline aquaculture effluent. Aquaculture 175:255-268.
Brown, J. and E. Glenn. 1999. Reuse of highly saline aquaculture effluent to irrigate a potential forage halophyte, Suaeda esteroa. Aquacultural Engineering 20:91-111 (this paper received Aquacultural Engineering Society's Honorable Mention Paper Award for Quality of Scientific Writing).
Glenn, E., D. Moore, M. Akutagawa, A. Himler, T. Walsh and S. Nelson. 1999. Correlation between Gracilaria parvispora (Rhodophyta) biomass production and water quality factors on a tropical reef in Hawaii. Aquaculture 178:323-331.
Tanner, R., E. Glenn and D. Moore. 1999. Food chain organisms in hypersaline, industrial evaporation ponds. Water Environment Research 71:494-505.
Galineo-Bect, M., E. Glenn, H. Page, K. Fitzsimmons, L. Galindo-Bect, J. Hernandez-Ayon, R. Petty, J. Garcia-Hernandez and D. Moore. 2000. Penaeid shrimp landings in the upper Gulf of California in relation to Colorado River freshwater discharge. Fishery Bulletin 98:222-225.
Pitt J, Luecke DF, Cohen MJ, and E. Glenn. 2000. Two nations, one river: Managing ecosystem conservation in the Colorado River delta. Natural Resources Journal 40:819-864.
Garcia-Hernandez J, Glenn EP, Artiola J and Baumgartner, D. 2000. Bioaccumulation
of selenium (Se) in the Cienega de Santa Clara wetland, Sonora, Mexico.
Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 46:298-304.
Baumgartner DJ, Glenn EP, Moss G, et al. 2000. Effect of irrigation water contaminated with uranium mill tailings on Sudan grass, Sorghum vulgare var. sudanense, and fourwing saltbush, Atriplex canescens. Arid Soil Research and Rehabilitation 14:43-57.
Grainger, A., M. Stafford Smith, V. Squires and E. Glenn. 2000. Desertification and climate change: the case for greater convergence. Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change 5:361-377.
Nelson SG, Glenn EP, Conn J, Moore, D. Walsh, T. and Akutagawa, M. 2001. Cultivation of Gracilaria parvispora (Rhodophyta) in shrimp-farm effluent ditches and floating cages in Hawaii: two-phase polyculture system. Aquaculture 193:239-248.
Glenn, E., J. Waugh, D. Moore, C. McKeon and S. Nelson. 2001. Revegetation of a former uranium mill site in the Great Basin Desert. Journal of Environmental Quality 30:1154-1162..
The following articles are in press for a special edition of Journal of Arid Environments on "The Colorado River Delta", E. Glenn, B. Shaw, D. Radtke and A. Huete (eds.), July, 2001:
Garcia-Hernandez, J., King, K., Velasco, A., Shumlin, E., Mora, M. and Glenn, E. 2001 (in press). Selenium, trace metals and organochlorine pesticides in sediments and biota from the Colorado River delta wetlands. Journal of Arid Environments 49(1).
Garcia-Hernandez, J., Hinojosa-Huerta, O., Gerhart, V., Carrillo-Guerrero, Y. and Glenn, E. 2001 (in press). Southwestern willow flycatcher (Empidonax traillii extimus) surveys in the Colorado River delta, Mexico. Journal of Arid Environments 49(1).
Glenn, E.P., C. Lee and C. Valdes-Castillos. 2001 (in press). The Colorado River Delta: Introduction to Special Issue of Journal of Arid Environments. Journal of Arid Environments 49(1).
Glenn, E., Zamora-Arroyo, F., Briggs, M., Shaw, W. and Flessa, K. 2001 (in press). Ecology and conservation biology of the Colorado River delta, Mexico. Journal of Arid Environments 49(1).
Vandersandae, M., Glenn, E., and Walford, J. 2001 (in press). Comparison of tolerances of riparian plants from the lower Colorado River to salinity, drought and inundation. Journal of Arid Environments 49(1).
Zamora-Arroyo, F., P. Nagler, M. Briggs, D. Radtke, H. Rodriquez, J. Garcia, C. Valdes, A. Huete and E. Glenn. 2001 (in press). Regeneration of native trees in response to flood releases from the United States into the delta of the Colorado River, Mexico. Journal of Arid Environments 49(1).
General Interest Articles:
Glenn, E.P. 1991. Organic Produce: New Cash Crops for Greenhouse Growers? American Vegetable Grower, January, pp. 51, 65 (Invited article).
Glenn, E. P., R. G. Felger and J. A. Burquez. 1991. Cienega de Santa Clara: remnant wetland in the Colorado Delta. CEDO News: 14-32 (Spanish and English, reprinted in Riparian Newsletter).
Glenn, E. P. and C. W. Smith. 1991. New seaweed culture in ancient Hawaiian fishponds. NCRI News 6: 8-9.
Glenn, E. P. 1994. The Promise of Salt Tolerant Plants. World & I (Washington Times Magazine) April, 1994 issue.
Glenn, E. P., C. Congdon and J. Garcia. 1997 (in press). New value
for old water. World & I (Washington Times)(April issue).
Invited speaker, University of California at Davis Symposium on Food, People and Sustainable Agriculture, March 30, 2000. Topic: "Sustainable gardening for a complete diet".
Invited speaker at the International Symposium on Marine Biotechnology, Qingdao, P.R. China, December, 2000. Topic: "Oilseed crops for seawater irrigation".
Invited speaker, XVII International Seaweed Symposium, University of Capetown, South Africa, January 28-February 2, 2001. Topic: "A community-based aquaculture system that incorporates all the life stages of Gracilaria parvispora (Rhodophyta) in Hawai".
Invited speaker, California Chapter annual meeting of the Agronomy Society of America, Fresno, CA, February 7-8, 2001. Topic: "Reuse of saline waste water to grow halophtyes".
Invited speaker, "To the Sea of Cortez, Nature, Water, Culture and Livelihood in the Lower Colorado River Basin and Delta. Public Symposium, Sept. 29-30, Riverside, California.
Invited speaker and discussant, "Stakeholders Meeting on the Colorado
River Delta", called by Undersecretary of Interior, David Hayes,
December, 2001, Washington, D.C.
Guest Editor for Special Edition of Journal of Arid Environments, "The Colorado River Delta", July, 2001