|Numéro de publication||US7033556 B1|
|Type de publication||Octroi|
|Numéro de demande||US 10/303,739|
|Date de publication||25 avr. 2006|
|Date de dépôt||26 nov. 2002|
|Date de priorité||26 nov. 2001|
|État de paiement des frais||Payé|
|Numéro de publication||10303739, 303739, US 7033556 B1, US 7033556B1, US-B1-7033556, US7033556 B1, US7033556B1|
|Inventeurs||Arthur M. Squires|
|Cessionnaire d'origine||Squires Arthur M|
|Exporter la citation||BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan|
|Citations de brevets (20), Citations hors brevets (4), Référencé par (6), Classifications (7), Événements juridiques (5)|
|Liens externes: USPTO, Cession USPTO, Espacenet|
This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/332,543, filed Nov. 26, 2001.
The invention relates to the filtering of fine particulate matter (“dust”) from a gas.
An old idea is to treat a gas and a granular solid material by causing the gas to flow in the horizontal direction across a bed of the solid material disposed in a “panel” that has often been tall in comparison with its width in the direction of gas flow. Often, the “panel bed” has been held in place by louvered walls that resembled Venetian blinds. My U.S. Pat. No. 4,006,533 (Feb. 8, 1977) cites early art and is incorporated by reference in the instant application.
Some designs called for continuous or intermittent motion of granular material downward through the panel, fresh material being supplied at the panel's top and “spent” material being withdrawn at its bottom. A representative recent proposal along this line is to be found in U.S. Pat. No. 5,527,514 (Jun. 18, 1996). U.S. Pat. No. 4,017,278 (Apr. 12, 1977) provided performance data for a gas-filtration device of this kind. The panel contained “gravel” 2 to 12 mm in size. Superficial velocity of dusty gas approaching the panel was 25 to 100 cm/s. Herein, superficial velocity=rate of gas flow divided by the projected vertical frontal area of the panel (panel height×panel width). Downward speed of the gravel mass was 30 cm/hr. Dust content of filtered gas ranged from ˜25 to ˜150 milligrams per normal cubic meter (mg/Nm3). Filtered dust accumulated within the gravel bed, not upon the gas-entry faces that it presented. In other words, the device filtered the dust by what practitioners term a “deep-bed filtration mechanism.”
In other designs, granular material was stationary much of the time. These designs filtered dust from gas by accumulating a cake of the dust (a “filter cake”) upon gas-entry faces of granular material retained in a panel bed. Such designs are capable of providing filtered gas containing levels of residual dust comparable to that provided by fabric filtration. Both a panel bed of this type and a fabric filter employ a “surface filtration mechanism,” in which the filter cake is in fact the filtration medium; the primary function of either granular bed or fabric is to support the cake. Means are provided for intermittent renewal of gas-entry faces through removal of a moiety of the granular material from these faces together with accumulated dust. Means for outwardly tipping louvers that support gas-entry faces and for drawing plows horizontally along the faces have been proposed. U.S. Pat. No. 3,800,508 (Apr. 2, 1974) not only provided means for pivoting louvers but also employed a gas-entry velocity at gas-entry faces sufficient to support the faces at an angle steeper than the dynamic angle of repose of the granular material; momentary interruption of gas flow produced a spill of this material along with filter cake.
My U.S. Pat. No. 3,296,775 (Jan. 10, 1967) disclosed a puff-back method for renewing gas-entry faces of a panel bed of the type wherein louvers support gas-entry portions of the bed. Puff-back entailed creation of a reverse transient surge flow to produce en masse displacement of the bed's gas-entry portions respecting the supporting louvers. My U.S. Pat. No. 4,006,533 (Feb. 8, 1977) specified a reverse transient surge flow of a more particular character, whose discovery made possible development of a practical panel-bed filter employing a surface filtration mechanism for cleaning a dusty gas (K. C. Lee, I. Rodon, M. S. Wu, R. Pfeffer, and A. M. Squires, The Panel Bed Filter, EPRI AF-560, Electric Power Research Institute, Palo Alto Calif., May 1977; I. Rodon, K. C. Lee, R. Pfeffer, and A. M. Squires, Panel Bed Filtration Data for Three Dusts at 150° C., paper 79-56.5 presented at meeting of Air Pollution Control Association, Cincinnati, Ohio, June 1979; A. M. Squires, K. C. Lee, and R. Pfeffer, The Panel Bed: A Fluid-Solid Contacting Device Exploiting a New Mode of Soil Failure, paper presented at POWTECH 81, Birmingham, England, March 1981). Operation of a panel-bed filter is cyclic, an interval of filtration alternating with a puff-back that removes both filter cakes and a moiety of sand lying directly beneath the cake, thereby renewing the bed's gas-entry faces. During an interval of filtration, paralleling the formation of the filter cake is an increase in pressure drop in the gas flowing across the bed. This pressure drop cannot be allowed to increase without limit, for two reasons: an unduly large pressure drop would increase cost for gas-compression beyond an economic limit and would impose a force upon the filter cake sufficient to break off chunks of the cake, driving these deep into the granular bed and harming filtering efficiency. Although the object of face-renewal is to present a new free face, it is inadvisable to employ such a strong puff-back as to yield an absolutely clean face. In operation of panel-bed filters, experience has taught that a clean face does not filter as well as a somewhat dirty face. In a subsequent filtering interval, I believe, a new filter cake forms quicker upon a dirty face than upon a strictly clean one.
Commercial-scale panel-bed-filter modules have now successfully cleaned hot gaseous products of combustion of both coal and wood waste, hot gas from cement production, and hot gas from electrometallurgical manufacture of ferrosilicon (this latter gas, containing a fine silica fume, is particularly difficult to clean). Typically, dust in the cleaned gas amounted to less than 5 mg/Nm3.
The tests used ordinary sand as granular medium. Suitably, the sand was about 0.15–0.45 mm in size. In small-scale tests at elevated temperature (e.g., 150 to 500° C.), I found this size, for dusts studied so far, to be substantially the largest sand size upon which a filter cake of good integrity can accumulate. Use of sands of smaller sizes affords filtered gas at lower residual dust remaining, at cost of either lower throughput or higher pressure drop in the filtered gas. For a given size of sand, to allow a filter cake to form, there are limits upon the velocity of gas entering a free face of the sand. For the 0.15–0.45 mm sand, in tests filtering a number of dusts at about 150–200° C., preferred gas-entry velocities have ranged from ˜16 to ˜28 cm/s (superficial velocities, from ˜8 to ˜14 cm/s). Herein, gas-entry velocity=rate of gas flow divided by the total nominal areas of free sand faces upon which a filter cake can accumulate. Since the profile of a gas-entry face, seen in vertical cross-section, is poorly defined, it is convenient to define a nominal area, thus:
Gas-entry face area=(straight-line distance between the face's outer and inner edges in the direction perpendicular to the edges)×(the mean of the horizontal lengths of these edges).
(Notice that this definition applies, regardless of whether the face's edges are straight or curved in the horizontal direction. In state-of-the-art designs, edges are straight, but louvers that are circular in a plan view may be useful in some applications.) In general, a lower gas-entry velocity is preferable the smaller the size of dust to be filtered or the less cohesive the dust.
Parenthetically, I note that both larger granular material sizes and higher gas-entry velocities may be specified for panel-bed applications wherein a clean gas is treated by a contact with the granular material.
In a test of a commercial-scale panel-bed filter module, wood ash was filtered from gas at 200° C. emitted by a wood-waste boiler (H. Risnes and O. K. Sønju, Evaluation of a novel granular bed filtration system for high temperature applications, paper presented at conference on Progress in Thermal and Biomass Conversion, Tyrol, Austria, 2000). The module comprised two panel beds, each 600 mm in width and 3000 mm in height. For each bed, the projected vertical frontal area was about twice the nominal area of gas-entry faces. Thus, superficial velocity of gas was about one-half the gas-entry velocity. Gas-entry sand faces received and filtered dusty gas supplied to a space surrounding the module. In cooperation with nonporous side panels, the two panel beds enclosed a central space in which cleaned gas moved upward toward an outlet. On average, residual dust in filtered gas was 1.7 mg/Nm3. This excellent filtration performance has been confirmed in tests of an installation comprising 27 substantially identical modules receiving gaseous products of combustion at 190° C. from a 5 Mw wood-waste boiler (the tests having been marred, however, by a poor choice of apparatus for separating puff-backed sand from the filtered wood ash).
At its present stage of development, the panel-bed filter with puff-back is an economically attractive choice for many applications (especially, for example, for removing ash from wood-waste combustion or silica fume arising from FeSi production). An important parameter for judging a device for removing dust from a gas is the area of ground that it occupies. The “footprint” of a state-of-the-art panel-bed filter is approximately 0.13 square meter per 1,000 cubic meters of dusty gas to be filtered per hour. In contrast, the footprint of a high-efficiency electrostatic precipitator is about 0.37 m2/(Km3/hr). A fabric filter's footprint is even larger.
There is, however, need for improvement. The fabricator of modules for tests on a wood-waste boiler, described above, complained at the large number of individual louver elements needing to be assembled. A higher gas-treating capacity per louver would constitute an advance in the art. In addition, cost of filter modules is a major part of the total cost of a filter installation. A larger gas-treating capacity per filter module, reducing the number of modules needed for a given application, would also advance the art.
In a second utility application filed simultaneously with the instant application, entitled IMPROVED PANEL-BED METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR GAS AND GRANULAR MATERIAL CONTACTING, (now U.S. Pat. No. 6.783,572) I disclose an advance in panel-bed art capable of
I have discovered a panel arrangement for cake-forming granular-bed filtration affording a significant increase in filtration capacity over the prior art while at the same time reducing the pressure loss in the filtered gas. I provide below a table comparing capabilities of several approaches to cake-forming granular-bed filtration. In the table, values for current state-of-the-art panel-bed filtration are expressed as 100%. The table assumes use of filter modules 3,000 mm in height and operating at the same granular-bed gas-entry velocity. A module comprises two panels with filtration faces oriented in opposite directions.
Current state of
In the new arrangement, a number of relatively shallow beds of granular material (“filter trays”) are disposed substantially vertically to form a “panel.” The trays incline at an angle below the dynamic angle of repose of the granular material. In each tray, an inclined porous plate supports a bed of the material. The bed presents a free face across which gas enters the bed. The gas-entry face has a lower edge and an upper edge. Associated with each plate are superjacent and subjacent nonporous plates. A generally vertical dusty-gas-distribution compartment is situated nearby the lower edges of the filter-tray beds. The space between a bed's gas-entry face and its superjacent nonporous plate neighbor communicates with and receives gas from the dusty-gas-distribution compartment. Gas moves from this space across the bed's gas-entry face, passes in the downward direction across the bed, and leaves the bed via its supporting porous plate. The gas is filtered, depositing dust in a filter cake supported by the gas-entry face of the bed. The space between a porous plate and its subjacent nonporous plate neighbor communicates with a generally vertical cleaned-gas-collection compartment.
At intervals, the flow of dusty gas is interrupted, and there is created a momentary en masse displacement of the granular material respecting each supporting porous plate, causing both filter cake and a moiety of the material to spill from each free gas-entry face. Passages are provided placing each filter-tray bed in communication with an elevated source of the granular material. Permanently occupying these passages is granular material that, most of the time, is stationary. During a brief interval following the renewal of filtration faces, material descends by gravity from the elevated source through the passages to make good losses from the filter trays and to renew the gas-entry faces.
Two methods are disclosed for face renewal.
In one method, a momentary reverse transient surge flow of gas across the panel (a “puff-back”) creates the aforementioned en masse displacement. If bed depth is substantially the same at inner and outer edges, this method creates en masse displacement that is particularly uniform across a gas-entry face, and so the depth of a surface layer of the material that spills from the bed is also substantially uniform. State-of-the-art panel-bed filters employing puff-back face renewal do not achieve a comparable degree of uniformity.
A second method, also causing a substantially uniform surface layer to spill from the bed, employs a sharp upward blow of a hammer to move the porous bed-supporting plates smartly upward. Because a porous plate is inclined, its upward motion causes the granular-material bed supported thereupon to shift toward the lower edge of its gas-entry face. When this method is used, it is less important that bed depths at the bed's inner and outer edges be substantially equal, although such equality remains an advantage, since it promotes a relative uniformity in flow of dusty gas entering all parts of the bed's free face. For convenience of reference, I sometimes use the term “hammer-blow renewal of gas-entry faces”; but it should be understood that means other than a hammer blow may induce a suitable, momentary, sharp vertical movement of bed-supporting plates.
Hammer-blow renewal of gas-entry faces has the advantage of allowing assembly of a filtration module requiring a smaller footprint than that required for a module with face-renewal by puff-back. Desirably, for a design employing hammer-blow renewal, flow of gas is upward in both the dusty-gas-distribution compartment and cleaned-gas-collection compartment, and it is advantageous that these two compartments, respectively, contract and expand in horizontal cross-section with increase in elevation.
An object of the invention is to provide a method and apparatus for cleaning a gas containing fine particulate matter (“dust”).
Another object is to provide a gas filter suitable for operation at an extremely high temperature, e.g., at beyond 1000° C.
My invention relates to the cleaning of dusty gas by removing fine particulate matter therefrom. Granular material is arranged in a panel of substantially vertically disposed beds, each supported by a transversely inclined porous plate, and each presenting an inclined free face. Passages are provided that place each of the granular beds in communication with an elevated space containing granular material and capable through action of gravity of supplying the material to the bed on demand. Dusty gas is caused to flow forwardly from a dusty-gas-distribution compartment nearby the lower edges of the beds and into each bed across its free face. Dust is thereby filtered from the gas and accumulates upon the free face to form a filter cake. Cleaned gas leaves the bed across the inclined porous plate and enters a clean-gas-collection compartment. Thereafter, each gas-entry face is renewed by causing en masse displacement of the granular material in each bed respecting its supporting porous plate. The displacement causes a moiety of the granular material as well as the filter cake to spill from this face, thereby creating demand for supply of the granular material via the aforementioned passages.
My invention also relates to apparatus for cleaning a dusty gas by removing fine particulate matter therefrom. There is provided an upwardly extending assembly of filter trays, each tray having an inclined porous supporting plate having lower and upper edges. A dusty-gas-distribution compartment, situated nearby the lower edge of each porous plate, is in flow communication with a space above each filter tray. A cleaned-gas-collection compartment is in flow communication with a space beneath each tray. There is an inlet for admitting dusty gas into the dusty-gas-distribution compartment, and an outlet for removing gas from the cleaned-gas-collection compartment. There are closure means closing the aforementioned spaces against passage of gas from the dusty-gas-distribution compartment to the cleaned-gas-collection compartment except through the porous plates. Gravity feed passages supply a loose granular material to beds supported by the porous plates, the passages being disposed in a way such as to substantially prevent gas from flowing through granular material contained therein. Means are provided for creating en masse displacement of granular material in each bed respecting its supporting porous plate, the displacement causing a moiety of the granular material to fall away from each bed's free face, whereupon a flow of material from the gravity feed passages make good loss of material from each bed.
These and further and other objects and features of the invention are apparent in the disclosure, which includes the above and ongoing written specification, with the claims and the drawings.
The invention will be more particularly described in conjunction with the following drawings wherein:
In the several figures, like reference numerals refer to like parts having like functions.
Segment 15 of one pipe 14 articulates with the upper end of the next subjacent pipe 14, providing a tight connection of the two pipes 14. The connection need not be strictly gas-tight. A partial circular weld can make good the connection from a mechanical standpoint.
As drawn in
A granular material is supplied to filter 39 via pipe 52 and valve 53. From pipe 52, the material enters hopper 50, forming bed 51. From bed 51, on demand, the material moves downward by gravity flow via pipes 49 and bin-spaces 48 into pipes 14, from which it moves into each filter tray of each panel 30.
Dusty gas reaches filter 39 via pipe 44, entering dusty-gas-distribution compartment 43, bounded by side plates 40 and 41 (the latter seen in
With reference again to
Operation of filter 39 is cyclical. The cycle includes a relatively long filtration interval and a brief face-renewal interval. Near the beginning of the filtration interval, valve 56 is opened, connecting chamber 54 to a source of gas at high pressure via pipe 55. When the gas pressure in chamber 54 achieves the pressure of the source, valve 56 is closed. In the filtration interval, with selection of an appropriate rate of flow of the dusty gas and an appropriate size of the granular material, a deposit of dust (i.e., a “filter cake”) accumulates at each gas-entry face 9. The face-renewal interval is inaugurated when filter cakes reach a desired “thickness” (i.e., a desired weight of dust per unit free face area). Knowledge that filter cakes of desired thickness have accumulated can be gained by observing drop in pressure from pipe 44 to pipe 47. At the commencement of the face-renewal interval, mechanism 61 (to be elucidated in connection with
The two sketches in
Panels 130 and pipes 114 (supplying granular material to panels 130 from hopper 50 via pipes 49) are substantially identical to the panels 30 and pipes 14 previously described, with one small change. In panels 130, each given filter tray and its next subjacent tray are disposed at a slight horizontal offset, so that the outer edge of the granular-material bed within the given tray extends a little beyond the outer edge of the bed in the next subjacent tray. Accordingly, dusty-gas-distribution compartment 143 in filter 139 is tapered in a vertical section, narrow at its top (seen in
Dusty gas is introduced into filter 139 from pipe 144, seen in
Operation of filter 139 is cyclical, a filtration interval alternating with a face-renewal interval. Face-renewal is accomplished through a hammer blow imparting a sharp vertically upward motion to plates 2 supporting granular-material beds 25. The motion creates en masse displacement of granular material respecting bed-supporting plates 2. For best practice, the strength of the hammer blow should be such as to impart an upward acceleration to plates 2 that is greater than the acceleration of gravity, so that each granular-material bed 25 lifts away from the plate 2 on which it rests. This action creates a temporary gap between plate and the bed. The action, however, does not produce a motion of the bed that is precisely vertical. The bed moves perpendicularly to the slope of the plate 2 on which the bed formerly was at rest. When the gap forms, the bed motion has both a vertical and a horizontal component, the latter component moving the bed toward its lower edge (at 8, seen in
Bar-assembly 109, attached to top plate 42 of a module comprising the two panels 130, supports the weight of the module. Bar-assembly 109 is supported by an arm of horizontal lever 20, which is supported by column 110 resting upon supporting floor 108. Sharp vertically upward motion of plates 2 of filter-panels 130 is effected by causing hammerhead 31 to strike pad 22 on lever 20 at the end opposite from that which supports bar 109. The strike occurs when rotary motion of eccentric cam 34 releases lever 33, allowing hammerhead 31 to fall. When this occurs, the arm of lever 20 that articulates with bar 109 lifts away from column 21, which rests upon supporting floor 108. Thereby, the hammer blow imparts a sharp vertically upward motion to plates 2. Springs 161 absorb the motion. They should display a stiffness such that the panel bed returns to its normal vertical position promptly, thereby bringing the aforementioned arm of lever 20 again into contact with column 21. Shock-absorbing characteristics of column 21 are preferably such that the panel bed returns to its normal vertical position “cleanly” (i.e., without prolonged “chatter” after lever 20 and column 21 again come into contact). Lever 33 is supported by vertical bar 32 resting upon floor 108. Motor 35, supported by column 38 resting upon floor 108, turns cam 34. Further rotation of eccentric cam 34 serves to raise hammer head 31, placing it in a position for another strike upon pad 22 at the conclusion of the next filtration interval in the cycle of operation.
A sharp downward motion of supporting plates 2 (such as could be effected by means of a downward blow of a hammer) can also serve to renew gas-entry faces 9, but only if at least one of two special circumstances obtain.
First, a sharp downward motion can be effective if the downward outward slope of supporting porous plates 2 is sufficient. A sharp downward motion places granular beds 25 momentarily in mid-air suspension, causing a spill of the material over top edges 8 of bed-retaining plates 5 (seen in
Second, a sharp downward motion can be effective if springs 161 return supporting plates 2 smartly to their normal position. If their return upward is sufficiently smart, the motion can provide, in effect, a clearing of beds 25 through a desirably sharp upward motion.
For fixed panel height, rate of gas flow per panel, and tray dimensions, filter 139 of
Hammer-blow renewal of gas-entry faces has yet another potential advantage. Puff-back renewal of state-of-the-art panel-bed filters has been successfully practiced for panels as tall as 3,000 mm. Although the practice could no doubt be successful for even taller panels, this is probably not so without limit. I see no physical limit for success of hammer-blow face renewal, however tall a panel might be specified. Lack of such a limit helps a designer wishing to construct a filter of the instant invention with a footprint sufficiently small to fit into a highly constricted ground plan.
I do not wish my invention to be limited to the particular embodiments illustrated in the drawings and described above in detail. Those skilled in the art will recognize other arrangements as well as combinations of the instant invention with other adaptations or applications of a panel filter for face-renewal through body movement of granular material toward gas-entry faces, such as a panel-bed filter with electrostatic boost (U.S. Pat. No. 3,926,587, Dec. 16, 1975); treating gas and wetted granular material (U.S. Pat. No. 3,987,148, Oct. 19, 1976); treating gas with catalytic dust (U.S. Pat. No. 3,957,953, May 18, 1976); filtering micron-size aerosol using precoated panel bed (U.S. Pat. No. 3,926,593, Dec. 16, 1976); treating gas with chemically active dust coating gas-entry faces of panel bed (U.S. Pat. No. 3,928,532, Dec. 23, 1975).
While the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments, modifications and variations of the invention may be constructed without departing from the scope of the invention, which is defined in the following claims.
|Brevet cité||Date de dépôt||Date de publication||Déposant||Titre|
|US3296775||4 oct. 1965||10 janv. 1967||Squires Arthur Morton||Method and apparatus for treating fluids and non-fluid materials|
|US3800508||26 oct. 1970||2 avr. 1974||F Zenz||Restrained bed filter-reactor|
|US3926587||19 sept. 1974||16 déc. 1975||Squires Arthur M||Electrostatic filtration in panel bed|
|US3926593||19 sept. 1974||16 déc. 1975||Squires Arthur M||Precoating panel bed for filtering aerosol of micron-size particulates|
|US3928532||19 sept. 1974||23 déc. 1975||Squires Arthur M||Treating gas with chemically reactive dust in panel bed|
|US3957953||19 sept. 1974||18 mai 1976||Squires Arthur M||Treating gas with catalytic dust in panel bed|
|US3987148||19 sept. 1974||19 oct. 1976||Squires Arthur M||Treating gas and wetted granular material in panel bed|
|US4004350 *||28 août 1974||25 janv. 1977||Squires Arthur M||Treating gas and fine granular material in panel bed|
|US4004897 *||28 août 1974||25 janv. 1977||Squires Arthur M||Filtering dusty gas in improved panel bed|
|US4006533||28 août 1974||8 févr. 1977||Squires Arthur M||Treating gas and granular material in panel bed|
|US4017278||30 sept. 1974||12 avr. 1977||Combustion Power Company, Inc.||Method and apparatus for removing finely divided solids from gas|
|US4308036 *||23 août 1979||29 déc. 1981||Efb Inc.||Filter apparatus and method for collecting fly ash and fine dust|
|US4349367 *||31 mars 1981||14 sept. 1982||Ppg Industries, Inc.||Method of recovering waste heat from furnace flue gases using a granular heat exchange means|
|US4354862 *||21 janv. 1981||19 oct. 1982||Andre Buechl Kalk-und Portandzementwerk||Filter for cleaning gases|
|US4360364 *||17 déc. 1981||23 nov. 1982||Rockwell International Corporation||Filtering method and apparatus therefor|
|US4548623 *||6 sept. 1983||22 oct. 1985||Helix Collector Syndicate||Perforated trough conditioning device|
|US4880608 *||30 juin 1988||14 nov. 1989||The United State Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy||Contactor/filter improvements|
|US5165900 *||13 oct. 1990||24 nov. 1992||Ufi, Inc.||Moving bed gas/solids contact apparatus|
|US5527514||7 oct. 1994||18 juin 1996||Sumitomo Heavy Industries, Ltd.||Desulfurizing and denitrating tower|
|US6783572 *||26 nov. 2002||31 août 2004||Arthur M. Squires||Panel-bed method and apparatus for gas and granular material contacting|
|1||Lee et al.; The Panel Bed Filter, Final Report to Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI); Report # AF-560; May 1977.|
|2||Risnes et al.; Evaluation of a novel granular bed filtration system for high temperature applications; Paper presented at Conference "Progress in Thermochemical Biomass Conversion", Tyrol, Austria: 2000; 12 pages.|
|3||Rodon et al.; Panel Bed Filtration Data for Three Dusts at 150° C.; Paper 79-56.5 presented at meeting of Air Pollution Control Ass'n; Cincinnati, OH; Jun. 1979; 16 pages.|
|4||Squires et al; The Panel Bed; A Fluid-Solid Contacting Device Exploiting a New Mode of Soil Failure; Paper presented at POWTECH 81; Birmingham, England, Mar. 1981: 16 pages.|
|Brevet citant||Date de dépôt||Date de publication||Déposant||Titre|
|US8329072||24 nov. 2010||11 déc. 2012||Brimrock International Inc.||Method and system for generating sulfur seeds and granules|
|US8377176 *||3 mai 2010||19 févr. 2013||Arthur M. Squires Irrevocable Trust||Method and apparatus for longitudinally disposed, sharp puff of gas|
|US8691121||9 déc. 2012||8 avr. 2014||Brimrock International Inc.||Sulfur granulator system and method|
|US20110140294 *||27 juin 2008||16 juin 2011||Brian Pyke||Sulphur Granulation Apparatus and Process|
|WO2008011292A1 *||9 juil. 2007||24 janv. 2008||Uop Llc||Screenless internals for radial flow reactors|
|WO2009155682A1 *||27 juin 2008||30 déc. 2009||Enersul Inc.||Sulphur granulation apparatus and process|
|Classification aux États-Unis||423/215.5, 422/216|
|Classification coopérative||B01D46/0075, B01D46/30|
|Classification européenne||B01D46/00R50V, B01D46/30|
|29 avr. 2009||FPAY||Fee payment|
Year of fee payment: 4
|6 oct. 2011||AS||Assignment|
Owner name: ARTHUR M. SQUIRES IRREVOCABLE TRUST, VIRGINIA
Effective date: 20110926
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:SQUIRES, ARTHUR M.;REEL/FRAME:027025/0513
|6 déc. 2013||REMI||Maintenance fee reminder mailed|
|16 avr. 2014||FPAY||Fee payment|
Year of fee payment: 8
|16 avr. 2014||SULP||Surcharge for late payment|
Year of fee payment: 7