|Publication number||US3226846 A|
|Publication date||Jan 4, 1966|
|Filing date||Dec 17, 1964|
|Priority date||Dec 17, 1964|
|Publication number||US 3226846 A, US 3226846A, US-A-3226846, US3226846 A, US3226846A|
|Inventors||Wood Wilford C|
|Original Assignee||Wood Wilford C|
|Export Citation||BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan|
|Patent Citations (3), Referenced by (38), Classifications (8)|
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet|
Jan. 4, 1966 w. c. WOOD 3,226,846
MEDICAL TEACHING AID Original Filed Aug. 5, 1964 INVENTOR.
M/fdf/d'. W41 E jo ilwofi gt $44 United States Patent O 3,226,846 MEDICALTEACI-IING AID Wilford C. Wood, 463 Fisher Bldg., Detroit, Mich. Continuation of application Ser. No. 388,032, Aug. 3, 1964. This application Dec. 17, 1964, Ser. No. 419,125 1 Claim. (Cl. 35-17) This invention relates generally to an improved medical teaching aid and more particularly to a teaching aid for use by medical students, nurses, etc. in developing the sense of touch necessary for proper intravenous technique and in practicing such technique with a hypodermic needle. The present application is a continuation of my copending application Serial No. 388,032 filed August 3, 1964, now abandoned, for Medical Teaching Aid.
There has long been a need for a teaching aid that enables a student to fully develop the sense of touch and self confidence necessary for proper intravenous technique prior to performing such operations on live patients. Devices heretofore known and used for teaching purposes have not proved to be fully satisfactory since they do not properly develop a students sense of touch much less build a students confidence in his sense of touch. To be fully satisfactory, a teaching aid for intravenous technique should simulate the feel of skin, the consistency of flesh and a blood vessel, and thereafter permit the student to verify the accuracy and degree of penetration of the hypodermic needle. As. a practical matter, a student must be reassured after each practice insertion that accurate and proper penetration is achieved in order to develop confidence in his sense of touch.
Proper intravenous technique first requires development of the sense of touch used to locate a blood vessel. Thereafter, a sense of touch must be developed so as to exert adequate pressure on the needle for penetration of skin, flesh, and one wall of the blood vessel, yet stop short of the opposite wall of the blood vessel. Prior art teaching aids are inadequate in developing the aforesaid touch senses since they generally have a tough outer skin and do not permit the student to visually determine the degree of penetration of the hypodermic needle after each practice insertion.
The medical teaching aid of the instant invention solves the problems associated with teaching aids heretofore known and used in that it enables a student to develop confidence in his sense of touch by practicing the aforesaid technique of locating the blood vessel by the sense of touch, inserting the hypodermic needle by the sense of touch, and thence to visually check the accuracy and degree of penetration of the needle.
Accordingly, the object of the present invention is an improved teaching aid by which a student can develop skill and confidence in his intravenous technique by eating a blood vessel by the sense of touch, piercing the tissue and one wall of the blood vessel by the sense of touch, and thereafter determining if penetration is proper by visual inspection.
Other objects and advantages of this invention will be apparent from the following description, claims and drawings wherein:
FIGURE 1 is a perspective view illustrating the teaching aid packaged in a case,
FIG. 2 is a view similar to FIG. lbut showing the case in the open condition and the teaching aid ready for use,
FIG. 3 is a perspective view illustrating the use of the teaching aid, and r FIG. 4 is a view taken in the direction of the arrow 4 of FIG. 3.
A medical teaching aid 10, in accordance with a constructed embodiment of the present invention, comprises ice a rectangular block of foam or sponge rubber 12 approximately one inch thick, two inches wide and three inches long. In accordance with one feature of the instant invention the foam block 12 is homogeneous and ;is of a consistency that simulates human flesh, the upper surface thereof being smooth and opaque and stretchable thereby to simulate human skin. It is important that the upper surface of the foam block 12 not be excessively tough or impenetrable.
Within the foam block 12 there are embedded one or more rubber tubes 14 and 16 which simulate blood vessels. The tubes 14 and 16 are preferably of gum rubber and have walls with an outside diameter from to and a wall thickness from A to A With such diameters and thicknesses, the tubes 14 and 16, when pressed upon from the upper surface of the foam block 12, oifer to the sense of touch a resistance resembling that of a distended blood vessel. I prefer to embed such tubes at a depth from to from the upper surface of the foam rubber block to simulate the position of blood vessels at those locations of the human body where hypodermic injections are satisfactorily made. The tubes 14 and 16 may be embedded at an equal depth or at different depths.
In accordance with another feature of the present invention, the tubes 14 and 16 are relatively straight and the terminal ends 18 and 20 thereof, respectively, are visible. Further, it is important that the terminal ends 18 and 20 of the tubes 14 and 16, respectively, be supported by the foam block 12 or, in other words, the ends 18 and 20 of the tubes 14 and 16, respectively, should be substantially coterminous with a generally planer end face 22 of the foam block 12. Thus, flexure of the tubes 14 and 16 is minimized thereby rendering visual inspection of the position of a hypodermic needle 24 possible by sighting down the center of the tubes. My construction is to be distinguished from prior art constructions wherein the tubes extend beyond the foam support therefore rendering visual sighting through the tube difiicult or impossible.
The foam block 12, with the tubes 14 and 16 embedded therein, is housed within a plastic case 26 of a suitable size so that the open ends 18 and 20 of the tubes 14 and 16, respectively, are visible. The size of the foam block 12 and of the case 26 are preferably such that the case 26 may be conveniently carried in a pocket.
It is to be understood that the improved medical teaching aid herein disclosed and described is presented for the purpose of explanation and illustration and is not intended to indicate limits of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the following claim.
What is claimed is:
An aid for teaching intravenous technique by developing manual sensitivity to the location of a blood vessel and to the accuracy and degree of penetration of a hypodermic needle comprising:
a relatively small block of substantially homogenous foam rubber, the cells at the top surface of said foam rubber block being flattened at the uppermost portion thereof so as to present a smooth opaque stretchable top surface simulating human skin, said foam rubber block having a pair of spaced generally planer end faces extending generally parallel to one another and generally normal to the top surface thereof, and
a substantially straight hollow gum rubber tube embedded in said block at a predetermined depth below the top surface thereof and extending generally parallel thereto so as to be invisible upon visual inspection of the top surface of said foam block and so as whereby theaccuracy and degree of penetration of the 3,226,846 3 4 to be maintained in the straight condition yet be References Cited by the Examiner detectable by the sense of touch, UNITED STATES PATENTS the opposite terminal end portions of said rubber tube being substantially coterminous with the end faces 2689415 9/1954 Haver 35 17 2,704,897 3/1955 Lade 3517 of said foam block, respect1vely, so that the entire 5 5 5 35 length of the tube is positively supported, 79 2/19 9 Nnranen et EUGENE R. CAPOZIO, Primary Examiner. hypodermic needle 1nto said tube can be visually I inspected by viewing the end of the hypodermic LAWRENCE CHARLES, Exammer' needle through the open tube. 10 WILLIAM GRIEB, Assistant Examiner.
|Cited Patent||Filing date||Publication date||Applicant||Title|
|US2689415 *||Jul 29, 1952||Sep 21, 1954||Haver Harry T||Anatomical instruction model|
|US2704897 *||Mar 30, 1954||Mar 29, 1955||Lade James H||Arm for teaching venipuncture and intravenous therapy|
|US2871579 *||May 31, 1956||Feb 3, 1959||Nuranen John V||Surgical body-member simulacrum for teaching first aid|
|Citing Patent||Filing date||Publication date||Applicant||Title|
|US4198766 *||Jun 21, 1978||Apr 22, 1980||Baxter Travenol Laboratories, Inc.||Intravenous training/demonstration aid|
|US4481001 *||May 26, 1983||Nov 6, 1984||Collagen Corporation||Human skin model for intradermal injection demonstration or training|
|US6106301 *||Sep 4, 1997||Aug 22, 2000||Ht Medical Systems, Inc.||Interventional radiology interface apparatus and method|
|US6470302||Jan 28, 1999||Oct 22, 2002||Immersion Medical, Inc.||Interface device and method for interfacing instruments to vascular access simulation systems|
|US6517354 *||Nov 17, 2000||Feb 11, 2003||David Levy||Medical simulation apparatus and related method|
|US6929481||Jan 27, 1999||Aug 16, 2005||Immersion Medical, Inc.||Interface device and method for interfacing instruments to medical procedure simulation systems|
|US7202851||May 4, 2001||Apr 10, 2007||Immersion Medical Inc.||Haptic interface for palpation simulation|
|US7215326||Oct 1, 2003||May 8, 2007||Immersion Corporation||Physically realistic computer simulation of medical procedures|
|US7249951||Mar 11, 2004||Jul 31, 2007||Immersion Corporation||Method and apparatus for providing an interface mechanism for a computer simulation|
|US7306465||May 27, 2005||Dec 11, 2007||White Lorene R||Phlebotomy training device|
|US7307619||Apr 19, 2006||Dec 11, 2007||Immersion Medical, Inc.||Haptic interface for palpation simulation|
|US7404716||Dec 12, 2005||Jul 29, 2008||Immersion Corporation||Interface apparatus with cable-driven force feedback and four grounded actuators|
|US7505030||Mar 18, 2004||Mar 17, 2009||Immersion Medical, Inc.||Medical device and procedure simulation|
|US7806696||Sep 9, 2003||Oct 5, 2010||Immersion Corporation||Interface device and method for interfacing instruments to medical procedure simulation systems|
|US7815436||Oct 19, 2010||Immersion Corporation||Surgical simulation interface device and method|
|US7833018||Nov 16, 2010||Immersion Corporation||Interface device and method for interfacing instruments to medical procedure simulation systems|
|US7931470||Sep 9, 2003||Apr 26, 2011||Immersion Medical, Inc.||Interface device and method for interfacing instruments to medical procedure simulation systems|
|US8007282||Aug 30, 2011||Immersion Corporation||Medical simulation interface apparatus and method|
|US8184094||May 22, 2012||Immersion Corporation||Physically realistic computer simulation of medical procedures|
|US8480406||Aug 15, 2005||Jul 9, 2013||Immersion Medical, Inc.||Interface device and method for interfacing instruments to medical procedure simulation systems|
|US8638308||Dec 22, 2010||Jan 28, 2014||Immersion Medical, Inc.||Haptic interface for palpation simulation|
|US8690580 *||Oct 20, 2009||Apr 8, 2014||Stiftelsen Arcada||Cannulation simulator|
|US8702431 *||Jul 18, 2012||Apr 22, 2014||Asahi Intecc Co., Ltd.||Vascular stenosis model|
|US20020163497 *||May 4, 2001||Nov 7, 2002||Cunningham Richard L.||Haptic interface for palpation simulation|
|US20030069719 *||Sep 9, 2002||Apr 10, 2003||Immersion Medical Inc.||Interface device and method for interfacing instruments to vascular access simulation systems|
|US20040048230 *||Sep 9, 2003||Mar 11, 2004||Ht Medical Systems, Inc.||Interface device and method for interfacing instruments to medical procedure simulation systems|
|US20040066369 *||Oct 1, 2003||Apr 8, 2004||Rosenberg Louis B.||Physically realistic computer simulation of medical procedures|
|US20040076940 *||Sep 9, 2003||Apr 22, 2004||Immersion Medical, Inc.||Interface device and method for interfacing instruments to medical procedure simulation systems|
|US20050223327 *||Mar 18, 2004||Oct 6, 2005||Cunningham Richard L||Medical device and procedure simulation|
|US20060099560 *||Dec 12, 2005||May 11, 2006||Immersion Corporation||Interface apparatus with cable-driven force feedback and four grounded actuators|
|US20060190823 *||Apr 19, 2006||Aug 24, 2006||Immersion Corporation||Haptic interface for palpation simulation|
|US20060269906 *||May 27, 2005||Nov 30, 2006||White Lorene R||Phlebotomy training device|
|US20080118902 *||May 10, 2007||May 22, 2008||Nobuhisa Matsumura||Training device for blood vessel surgery|
|US20090009492 *||Jul 25, 2008||Jan 8, 2009||Immersion Corporation||Medical Simulation Interface Apparatus And Method|
|US20110148794 *||Dec 22, 2010||Jun 23, 2011||Immersion Corporation||Haptic Interface for Palpation Simulation|
|US20110200977 *||Oct 20, 2009||Aug 18, 2011||Stiftelsen Arcada||Cannulation simulator|
|US20130022952 *||Jul 18, 2012||Jan 24, 2013||Asahi Intecc Co., Ltd.||Vascular stenosis model|
|WO1999039315A3 *||Jan 28, 1999||Nov 25, 1999||Richard L Cunningham||Interface device and method for interfacing instruments to vascular access simulation systems|
|International Classification||A61M5/00, G09B23/28, G09B23/00|
|Cooperative Classification||A61M5/00, G09B23/28|
|European Classification||A61M5/00, G09B23/28|