An Autoprosthesis Technique for Better Breast Projection in Free Nipple Graft Reduction Mammaplasty
- Cemal FıratAffiliated withDepartment of Plastic Surgery, Inonu University School of MedicineDepartment of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Turgut Ozal Medical Center, Inonu University School of Medicine Email author
- , Ali GurlekAffiliated withEstenatura Plastic Surgery Clinic
- , Serkan ErbaturAffiliated withDepartment of Plastic Surgery, Inonu University School of Medicine
- , Ahmet Hamdi AytekinAffiliated withDepartment of Plastic Surgery, Inonu University School of Medicine
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Reduction mammaplasty for macromastia provides relief from uncomfortable symptoms and improves self-confidence and the ability to participate in sports activities. Reduction mammaplasty using the free nipple graft technique may result in bottoming-out deformity and a lack of upper-pole projection. We describe a modified breast reduction technique that combines the Graf and Thorek methods.
We operated on 26 patients with gigantomastia using this novel technique. Preoperative markings were planned according to the classic Thorek amputation technique using a Wise pattern. A 10-cm × 14-cm pyramidal inferior-based dermoglandular flap was prepared, passed under a transverse pectoral muscle loop, and then back-folded over the pectoral loop, thereby establishing an autoprosthesis to increase upper-pole fullness and prevent bottoming-out deformity.
The average weight of the removed breast tissue was 1,634 g (range = 1,120–2,140 g) for the right breast and 1,630 g (range = 1,110–2,120 g) for the left breast. The average follow-up period was 22 months (range = 11–37 months). All samples were pathologically assessed. Minor complications included wound breakdown at the T-junction, fat necrosis, hypertrophic scarring, and partial necrosis of the nipple–areola complex (NAC). Loss of nipple projection and partial hypopigmentation of the NAC occurred in most patients. Mild glandular ptosis was observed in two patients, with no flattening or deflation, but no severe bottoming-out deformity was observed during long-term follow-up.
All patients were happy with their new bra size, breast projection, and breast weight. Our combined autoprosthesis technique resulted in satisfactory long-term breast projection and upper-pole fullness.
Level of Evidence V
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KeywordsFree nipple graft Reduction mammaplasty Breast projection Autoprosthesis
- An Autoprosthesis Technique for Better Breast Projection in Free Nipple Graft Reduction Mammaplasty
Aesthetic Plastic Surgery
Volume 36, Issue 6 , pp 1340-1346
- Cover Date
- Print ISSN
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- Free nipple graft
- Reduction mammaplasty
- Breast projection
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- Author Affiliations
- 1. Department of Plastic Surgery, Inonu University School of Medicine, Malatya, Turkey
- 3. Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Turgut Ozal Medical Center, Inonu University School of Medicine, 44280, Malatya, Turkey
- 2. Estenatura Plastic Surgery Clinic, Istanbul, Turkey