STUDENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM PROJECT REPORT Submitted by FALCON FRANCIS MANJU V RAVINDRAN RANJITH KIRAN K VINU K THANKACHAN in partial fulfillment for the award of the degree of BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY in COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERINGSREE NARAYANA GURUKULAM COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING KADAYIRUPPU KOLENCHERY 682311 MAHATMA GANDHI UNIVERSITY: KOTTAYAM 686580 AUGUST 2007
SREE NARAYANA GURUKULAM COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, KOLENCHERY CERTIFICATECertified that this project report “STUDENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM” isthe bonafide work done by “FALCON FRANCIS, MANJU V RAVINDRAN,RANJTH KIRAN K, VINU K THANKACHAN” in partial fulfillment ofaward of B.Tech Degree in “COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING”. Saini Jacob Soman Parvathy Jyothy, Lecturer, CSEHEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT GUIDESubmitted for the Viva-Voce examination on …………………………………….Name and Signature of Name and signature of Internal Examiner External Examiner
TABLE OF CONTENTSCHAPTER TITLE PAGE NO ACKNOWLEDGEMENT i ABSTRACT ii LIST OF TABLES iii LIST OF FIGURES iv 1. INTRODUCTION 1 2. MODULES 2 3. SYSTEM STUDY 10 3.1 STUDY OF EXISTING SYSTEM 10 3.2 STUDY OF PROPOSED SYSTEM 10 3.3 INTRODUCTION TO .NET 10 3.3.1 ADVANTAGES OF .NET 11 126.96.36.199 Consistent programming model 11 188.8.131.52 Direct support for security 12 184.108.40.206 Simplified development efforts 12 220.127.116.11 Easy application deployment and maintenance 13 3.3.2 .NET FRAME WORK 13 3.4 INTRODUCTION TO SQL SERVER 2005 15 4 SYSTEM ANALYSIS 16 4.1 FEASIBILITY STUDY 16 4.1.1 Operation Feasibility 16 4.1.2 Technical Feasibility 16 4.1.3 Economic Feasibility 175 SYSTEM SPECIFICATION 18 5.1 HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS 18 5.2 SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS 18 5.3 LANGUAGES USED 18
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT First of all we thank Almighty for all His blessings .Our sincere thanks to Principal Prof.K Rajendran for supporting in all our activities. We like to express our sincere thanks to management ofSNGCE. Our sincere thanks to Mr Sainy Jacob Soman, Assistant Professor of Computer Science departmentSNGCE, for granting his kind consents for carrying out our suggested project. Our sincere thanks to MsParvathy Jyothy as our guide and provided all the required guidance in the project. We would like to express our heartily gratitude to all teachers and staff’s of SNGCE for theircooperation and help to complete our project. We extend our deep sense of gratitude to our Lecturers of Computer Science and EngineeringDepartment for their valuable guidance as well as timely advice, which helped us a lot in completing theproject successfully. Finally I would like to express my gratitude to Sree Narayana Gurukulam College ofEngineering for providing me with all the required facilities without which the project would not have beenpossible. Last but not least we thank our all friends for their moral support and encouragement. i
ABSTRACT Student Management System deals with all kind of student details, academic related reports, collegedetails, course details, curriculum, batch details and other resource related details too. It tracks all the detailsof a student from the day one to the end of his course which can be used for all reporting purpose, tracking ofattendance, progress in the course, completed semesters years, coming semester year curriculum details, examdetails, project or any other assignment details, final exam result; and all these will be available for futurereferences too. Our program will have the databases of Courses offered by the college under all levels of graduationor main streams, teacher or faculty’s details, batch execution details, students’ details in all aspects. This program can facilitate us explore all the activities happening in the college, even we can get toknow which teacher / faculty is assigned to which batch, the current status of a batch, attendance percentageof a batch and upcoming requirements of a batch. Different reports and Queries can be generated based of vast options related to students, batch, course,teacher / faculty, exams, semesters, certification and even for the entire college.
ii LIST OF TABLESTABLE PAGE NUMBERSMS_College 2SMS_Category 3SMS_Login 3SMS_Sub 3SMS_Studacademic 5SMS_Studpersonal 5SMS_Examdetail 8SMS_Finalreport 8SMS_Studparti 9 iii
LIST OF FIGURESNAME OF FIGURES PAGE NUMBERLEVEL 1 DFD 31LEVEL 2 DFD 31COLLEGE DETAILS 32DEPARTMENT DETAILS 33SIGNUP DETAILS 34SIGNIN DETAILS 35CHANGE PASSWORD 36SUBJECT DETAILS 37PERSONAL DETAILS 38PARENT DETAILS 39ACADEMIC DETAILS 40EXAM DETAILS 41STUDENT PARTICULARS 43FINAL REPORT 44 iv
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTIONAbout the project The student management system is an automated version of manual Student Management System. Itcan handle all details about a student. The details include college details, subject details, student personneldetails, academic details, exam details etc... In case of manual system they need a lot of time, manpower etc…Here almost all work iscomputerized. So the accuracy is maintained. Maintaining backup is very easy. It can do with in a fewminutes. Our system has two type of accessing modes, administrator and user. Student management system ismanaged by an administrator. It is the job of the administrator to insert update and monitor the whole process.When a user log in to the system. He would only view details of the student. He can’t perform any changes.The system has four modules. They are College and Department details Login and subject Student Details Exam Details
CHAPTER 2 MODULES Student Management System is expected to maintain a number of details. The needed modules aregiven below. College and Department details This module deals with the college details and different departments in the college. The collegedetails are stored in the table SMS_College. And department details are stored in SMS_Category. It deals withthe details of college and department.TABLE: SMS_College Field Type ConstraintsSMS_Coll_Collegeid varchar(50) Not NullSMS_Coll_Collegename varchar(300) Not NullSMS_Coll_Address varchar(300) Not NullSMS_Coll_Pincode varchar(50) Not NullSMS_Coll_District varchar(50) Not NullSMS_Coll_State varchar(50) Not NullSMS_Coll_Phone1 varchar(50) Not NullSMS_Coll_Phone2 varchar(50) Not NullSMS_Coll_Fax varchar(50) Not NullSMS_Coll_Email varchar(100) Not NullSMS_Coll_Website varchar(100) Not NullSMS_Coll_Emblem varchar(100) Not Null This table is used to store the details of college like college name, address, phone numbers, fax, e-mail id, website. This table is filled at first.
TABLE: SMS_Categoryl Field Type ConstraintsSMS_Cat_Catagory varchar(50) Not NullSMS_Cat_Department varchar(50) Not NullSMS_Cat_Duration int Not Null This table is used to store the details of different department and its category. Category specifies thecourse is bachelor or master degree. Department gives the various departments. Duration specifies the numberof semesters. Login and subject This module based with the login process and subject details. The login process specifies theuser mode such as administrator or user. This module consist of two tables, SMS_Login and SMS_Sub . Itcontains the details of login process and subject details. Login process includes sign in sign up, sign out,change password.TABLE: SMS_Login Field Type ConstraintsSMS_Log_Category varchar(50) Not NullSMS_Log_Department varchar(50) Not NullSMS_Log_Username varchar(20) Not NullSMS_Log_Password varchar(20) Not NullSMS_Log_Privilege varchar(20) Not Null The table stores the values like category, department, username, password and privilege. The privilegespecifies the user mode is administrator or user.TABLE: SMS_Sub Field Type ConstraintsSMS_Sub_Category varchar(50) Not NullSMS_Sub_Department varchar(50) Not Null
SMS_Sub_Semester varchar(50) Not NullSMS_Sub_Noofsubjects int Not NullSMS_Sub_Sub1 varchar(50)SMS_Sub_Code1 varchar(50)SMS_Sub_Sub2 varchar(50)SMS_Sub_Code2 varchar(50)SMS_Sub_Sub3 varchar(50)SMS_Sub_Code3 varchar(50)SMS_Sub_Sub4 varchar(50)SMS_Sub_Code4 varchar(50)SMS_Sub_Sub5 varchar(50)SMS_Sub_Code5 varchar(50)SMS_Sub_Sub6 varchar(50)SMS_Sub_Code6 varchar(50)SMS_Sub_Sub7 varchar(50)SMS_Sub_Code7 varchar(50)SMS_Sub_Sub8 varchar(50)SMS_Sub_Code8 varchar(50)SMS_Sub_Sub9 varchar(50)SMS_Sub_Code9 varchar(50)SMS_Sub_Sub10 varchar(50)SMS_Sub_Code10 varchar(50)SMS_Sub_Sub11 varchar(50)SMS_Sub_Code11 varchar(50)SMS_Sub_Sub12 varchar(50)SMS_Sub_Code12 varchar(50) This table shows the details of the category, department, semester, and number of subjects in semesterand different subjects in various department and semesters.
Student Details This module deals with the student academic details and personnel details. This module consists of the tables SMS_Studacademic and SMS_Studpersonal.TABLE: SMS_Studacademic Field Type Constraints SMS_Studaca_Admino varchar(50) Not Null SMS_Studaca_Batch varchar(50) Not Null SMS_Studaca_Category varchar(50) Not Null SMS_Studaca_Department varchar(50) Not Null SMS_Studaca_Sem varchar(50) Not Null SMS_Studaca_Name varchar(50) Not Null SMS_Studaca_Edulquali1 varchar(50) SMS_Studaca_Percentage1 float SMS_Studaca_Edulquali2 varchar(50) SMS_Studaca_Percentage2 float SMS_Studaca_Entrancerank varchar(50) SMS_Studaca_Photo varchar(50) This table shows the values like admission number, batch, category, department, joining semester, his/her name, their qualifications, entrance rank and photo. TABLE: SMS_Studpersonal Field Type Constraints SMS_Studaca_Admino varchar(50) Not Null SMS_Studper_Dob varchar(50) SMS_Studper_Religion varchar(50) SMS_Studper_Caste varchar(50) SMS_Studper_Gender varchar(50) SMS_Studper_Bloodgroup varchar(50)
SMS_Studper_Dayscholororhostler varchar(50)SMS_Studper_Studentemail varchar(50)SMS_Studper_Temadd varchar(200)SMS_Studper_Temphone1 varchar(50)SMS_Studper_Peradd varchar(200)SMS_Studper_Perphone1 varchar(50)SMS_Studper_Fathername varchar(50)SMS_Studper_Fatheraddress varchar(200)SMS_Studper_Fatherphone varchar(50)SMS_Studper_Fatherjob varchar(50)SMS_Studper_Foffadd varchar(200)SMS_Studper_Foffphone varchar(50)SMS_Studper_Mothername varchar(50)SMS_Studper_Motheraddress varchar(200)SMS_Studper_Motherphone varchar(50)SMS_Studper_Motherjob varchar(50)SMS_Studper_Moffadd varchar(200)SMS_Studper_Moffphone varchar(50)SMS_Studper_Annualincome varchar(50) This table stores the admission number, the personnel details like date of birth, religion, cast, gender,blood group, day scholar or hosteller, e-mail, address, parent details and annual income. Exam Details This module deals with the student exam details, student particular such as various activities,final report. The tables comes in this modules are SMS_Examdetail, SMS_Finalreport and SMS_Studparti.TABLE: SMS_Examdetail Field Type ConstraintsSMS_Exam_Studcode varchar(50) Not NullSMS_Exam_Regno varchar(50)
SMS_Exam_Total6 varchar(50)SMS_Exam_Sub7 varchar(50)SMS_Exam_Emark7 varchar(50)SMS_Exam_Imark7 varchar(50)SMS_Exam_Total7 varchar(50)SMS_Exam_Sub8 varchar(50)SMS_Exam_Emark8 varchar(50)SMS_Exam_Imark8 varchar(50)SMS_Exam_Total8 varchar(50)SMS_Exam_Sub9 varchar(50)SMS_Exam_Emark9 varchar(50)SMS_Exam_Imark9 varchar(50)SMS_Exam_Total9 varchar(50)SMS_Exam_Sub10 varchar(50)SMS_Exam_Emark10 varchar(50)SMS_Exam_Imark10 varchar(50)SMS_Exam_Total10 varchar(50)SMS_Exam_Sub11 varchar(50)SMS_Exam_Emark11 varchar(50)SMS_Exam_Imark11 varchar(50)SMS_Exam_Total11 varchar(50)SMS_Exam_Sub12 varchar(50)SMS_Exam_Emark12 varchar(50)SMS_Exam_Imark12 varchar(50)SMS_Exam_Total12 varchar(50) This table stores the values stud code, register number, semester, month and year of exam, internal andexternal maximum marks, the marks obtained for various subjects like its internal, external and total mark.This table gives the performance of students in various exams.TABLE: SMS_Finalreport
Field Type ConstraintsSMS_Final_Adminno varchar(50) Not NullSMS_Final_Miniprojectworkdone varchar(MAX)SMS_Final_Mainprojectworkdone varchar(MAX)SMS_Final_Techinicalactivity varchar(50)SMS_Final_Neatness varchar(50)SMS_Final_Characterandconduct varchar(50)SMS_Final_Remarks varchar(50) This table stores the values of admission number, mini project done, main project done, technicalactivities, neatness and standard of lab record, character and conduct and remarks.TABLE: SMS_Studparti Field Type ConstraintsSMS_Studaca_Admino varchar(50) Not NullSMS_Studparti_sem varchar(50) Not NullSMS_Studparti_arts varchar(50)SMS_Studparti_athletics varchar(50)SMS_Studparti_games varchar(50)SMS_Studparti_scholarship varchar(50)SMS_Studparti_disaction varchar(50)SMS_Studparti_coursestar varchar(50)SMS_Studparti_tutor varchar(50) This table stores the values of extra curricular details, admission number , scholarship, disciplinaryaction , starting of course, tutor.
CHAPTER 3 SYSTEM STUDY System study aims at establishing requests for the system to be acquired, developed and installed. Itinvolves studying and analyzing the ways of an organization currently processing the data to produceinformation. Analyzing the problem thoroughly forms the vital part of the system study. In system analysis,prevailing situation of problem carefully examined by breaking them into sub problems. Problematic areas areidentified and information is collected. Data gathering is essential to any analysis of requests. It is necessarythat this analysis familiarizes the designer with objectives, activities and the function of the organization inwhich the system is to be implemented. 3.1 STUDY OF EXISTING SYSTEM Today in colleges student details are entered manually. The student details in separate records aretedious task. Referring to all these records and updating is needed. There is a chance for more manual errors.3.2 PROPOSED SYSTEM By developing the system we can attain the following facilities. Easy to handle and feasible. Cost reduction. Fast and convenient.3.3 INTRODUCTION TO .NET This proposed software is going to be developed using the latest technology from Microsoft calledMicrosoft. NET and it is the software that connects information, people, systems, and devices. It spans clients,servers, and developer tools, and consists of: • The .NET Framework 1.1, used for building and running all kinds of software, including Web-based applications, smart client applications, and XML Web services—components that facilitate integration by sharing data and functionality over a network through standard, platform-independent protocols such as XML (Extensible Markup Language), SOAP, and HTTP. • Developer tools, such as Microsoft Visual Studio.NET 2003, which provides an integrated
development environment (IDE) for maximizing developer productivity with the .NET Framework. • A set of servers, including Microsoft Windows Server 2003, Microsoft SQL Server, and Microsoft BizTalk Server, that integrates, runs, operates, and manages Web services and Web-based applications. Client software, such as Windows XP, Windows CE, and Microsoft Office XP, that helps developersdeliver a deep and compelling user experience across a family of devices and existing products3.3.1 ADVANTAGES OF .NET The .NET Framework offers a number of advantages to developers. The following paragraphs describethem in detail.18.104.22.168 Consistent programming model Different programming languages have different approaches for doing a task. For example, accessingdata with a VB 6.0 application and a VC++ application is totally different. When using different programminglanguages to do a task, a disparity exists among the approach developers use to perform the task. Thedifference in techniques comes from how different languages interact with the underlying system thatapplications rely on. With .NET, for example, accessing data with a VB .NET and a C# .NET looks very similar apart fromslight syntactical differences. Both the programs need to import the System. Data namespace, both theprograms establish a connection with the database and both the programs run a query and display the data on adata grid. The VB 6.0 and VC++ example mentioned in the first paragraph explains that there is more thanone way to do a particular task within the same language. The .NET example explains that theres a unifiedmeans of accomplishing the same task by using the .NET Class Library, a key component of the .NETFramework. The functionality that the .NET Class Library provides is available to all .NET languages resulting in aconsistent object model regardless of the programming language the developer uses.22.214.171.124 Direct support for security
Developing an application that resides on a local machine and uses local resources is easy. In thisscenario, security isnt an issue as all the resources are available and accessed locally. Consider an applicationthat accesses data on a remote machine or has to perform a privileged task on behalf of a nonprivileged user.In this scenario security is much more important as the application is accessing data from a remote machine. With .NET, the Framework enables the developer and the system administrator to specify methodlevel security. It uses industry-standard protocols such as TCP/IP, XML, SOAP and HTTP to facilitatedistributed application communications. This makes distributed computing more secure because .NETdevelopers cooperate with network security devices instead of working around their security limitations.126.96.36.199 Simplified development efforts Lets take a look at this with Web applications. With classic ASP, when a developer needs to presentdata from a database in a Web page, he is required to write the application logic (code) and presentation logic(design) in the same file. He was required to mix the ASP code with the HTML code to get the desired result. ASP.NET and the .NET Framework simplify development by separating the application logic andpresentation logic making it easier to maintain the code. You write the design code (presentation logic) andthe actual code (application logic) separately eliminating the need to mix HTML code with ASP code.ASP.NET can also handle the details of maintaining the state of the controls, such as contents in a textbox,between calls to the same ASP.NET page. Another advantage of creating applications is debugging. Visual Studio .NET and other third partyproviders provide several debugging tools that simplify application development. The .NET Frameworksimplifies debugging with support for Runtime diagnostics. Runtime diagnostics helps you to track down bugsand also helps you to determine how well an application performs. The .NET Framework provides three typesof Runtime diagnostics: Event Logging, Performance Counters and tracing.188.8.131.52 Easy application deployment and maintenance The .NET Framework makes it easy to deploy applications. In the most common form, to install anapplication, all you need to do is copy the application along with the components it requires into a directoryon the target computer. The .NET Framework handles the details of locating and loading the components anapplication needs, even if several versions of the same application exist on the target computer. The .NET
Framework ensures that all the components the application depends on are available on the computer beforethe application begins to execute.3.3.2 .NET FRAMEWORK The Microsoft .NET Framework is a software component that can be added to or is included with theMicrosoft Windows operating system. It provides a large body of pre-coded solutions to common programrequirements, and manages the execution of programs written specifically for the framework. The .NETFramework is a key Microsoft offering, and is intended to be used by most new applications created for theWindows platform. The pre-coded solutions that form the frameworks class library cover a large range of programmingneeds in areas including: user interface, data access, database connectivity, cryptography, web applicationdevelopment, numeric algorithms, and network communications. The functions of the class library are usedby programmers who combine them with their own code to produce applications. Programs written for the .NET Framework execute in a software environment that manages theprograms runtime requirements. This runtime environment, which is also a part of the .NET Framework, isknown as the Common Language Runtime (CLR). The CLR provides the appearance of an application virtualmachine, so that programmers need not consider the capabilities of the specific CPU that will execute theprogram. The CLR also provides other important services such as security mechanisms, memorymanagement, and exception handling. The class library and the CLR together compose the .NET Framework.The framework is intended to make it easier to develop computer applications and to reduce the vulnerabilityof applications and computers to security threats. First released in 2002, it is included with Windows XP SP2, Windows Server 2003 and WindowsVista, and can be installed on most older versions of Windows. Microsoft .NET Framework was designed with several intentions: • Interoperability - Because interaction between new and older applications is commonlyrequired, the .NET Framework provides means to access functionality that is implemented in programs thatexecute outside the .NET environment. Access to COM components is provided in theSystem.Runtime.InteropServices and System.EnterpriseServices namespaces of the framework, and access toother functionality is provided using the P/Invoke feature.
• Common Runtime Engine - Programming languages on the .NET Framework compile into anintermediate language known as the Common Intermediate Language, or CIL (formerly known as MicrosoftIntermediate Language, or MSIL). In Microsofts implementation, this intermediate language is notinterpreted, but rather compiled in a manner known as just-in-time compilation (JIT) into native code. Thecombination of these concepts is called the Common Language Infrastructure (CLI), a specification;Microsofts implementation of the CLI is known as the Common Language Runtime (CLR). • Language Independence - The .NET Framework introduces a Common Type System, or CTS.The CTS specification defines all possible data types and programming constructs supported by the CLR andhow they may or may not interact with each other. Because of this feature, the .NET Framework supportsdevelopment in multiple programming languages. This is discussed in more detail in the .NET languagessection below. • Base Class Library - The Base Class Library (BCL), sometimes referred to as the FrameworkClass Library (FCL), is a library of types available to all languages using the .NET Framework. The BCLprovides classes which encapsulate a number of common functions, including file reading and writing,graphic rendering, database interaction and XML document manipulation. • Simplified Deployment - Installation of computer software must be carefully managed toensure that it does not interfere with previously installed software, and that it conforms to increasinglystringent security requirements. The .NET framework includes design features and tools that help addressthese requirements. • Security - .NET allows for code to be run with different trust levels without the use of aseparate sandbox. A design goal of the .NET Framework was to support platform independence. That is,a program written to use the framework should run without change on any type of computer for which theframework is implemented. However, Microsoft has only implemented the full .NET framework on theWindows operating system. Microsoft and others have implemented portions of the framework on non-Windows systems, but to date these implementations are neither complete nor widely used, so full cross-platform support has not been achieved.3.4 INTRODUCTION TO SQL SERVER 2005 Microsoft SQL Server 2005 is comprehensive, integrated data management and analysis software thatenables organizations to reliably manage mission-critical information and confidently run today’s increasingly
complex business applications. SQL Server 2005 allows companies to gain greater insight from their businessinformation and achieve faster results for a competitive advantage. SQL Server 2005 is the Data Platform leader: • SQL Server is the fastest growing Database and Business Intelligence vendor. • SQL Server ships more units than Oracle and IBM combined. • SQL Server is the #1 OLAP Server on the market. • SQL Server is more secure than Oracle. Since July 2003 more than 100 critical Oracle databasesecurity vulnerabilities have been identified, compared to ZERO for SQL Server for that period. • SQL Server is a benchmark leader, with the best price/performance for TPC-H 1TB & 3TB(non-clustered) as well as best performance for TPC-H 1TB. • Gartner 2006 worldwide RDBMS market share reports highest growth rate in market share forMicrosoft SQL Server. With 28% growth in market share, growth is almost twice the nearest competitor at14.8% growth. • SQL Server Manages the Worlds Largest Databases
CHAPTER 4 SYSTEM ANALYSIS The primary goal of the system analyst is to improve the efficiency of the existing system. For thatthe study of specification of the requirements is very essential. For the development of the new system, apreliminary survey of the existing system will be conducted. Investigation done whether the upgradation ofthe system into an application program could solve the problems and eradicate the inefficiency of theexisting system.4.1 FEASIBILITY STUDY The initial investigation points to the question whether the project is feasible. A feasibility isconducted to identify the best system that meets the all the requirements. This includes an identificationdescription, an valuation of the proposed systems and selection of the best system for the job. Therequirements of the system are specified with a set of constraints such as system objectives and thedescription of the out puts. It is then duty of the analyst to evaluate the feasibility of the proposed system togenerate the above results. Three key factors are to be considered during the feasibility study.4.1.1 Operation Feasibility An estimate should be made to determine how much effort and care will go into the developing ofthe system including the training to be given to the user. Usually, people are reluctant to changes that comein their progression. The computer initialization will certainly affected the turn over, transfer and employeejob status. Hence an additional effort is to be made to train and educate the users on the new way of thesystem.4.1.2 Technical Feasibility The main consideration is to be given to the study of available resources of the organization wherethe software is to be implemented. Here the system analyst evaluates the technical merits of the systemgiving emphasis on the performance, Reliability, maintainability and productivity.
By taking the consideration before developing the proposed system, the resources availability of theorganization was studied. The organization was immense computer facilities equipped with sophisticatedmachines and the software hence this technically feasible.4.1.3 Economic Feasibility Economic feasibility is the most important and frequently used method for evaluating theeffectiveness of the proposed system. It is very essential because the main goal of the proposed system is tohave economically better result along with increased efficiency. Cost benefit analysis is usually performedfor this purpose. It is the comparative study of the cost verses the benefit and savings that are expected fromthe proposed system. Since the organization is well equipped with the required hard ware, the project wasfound to be economically.
CHAPTER 5 SYSTEM SPECIFICATION5.1 HARDWARE REQUIREMENTSProcessor : Pentium IVRam : 512 MB RAMHard Disk : 80 GB Hard disk5.2 SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTSOperating System : Microsoft XP/VISTA/2003 serverPlatform : Visual Studio 2005Database : Microsoft SQL Server 2005Application Software : Microsoft Office 20035.3 SOFTWARE FEATUERS5.3.1 LANGUAGES USED: C# Visual C# .Net is designed to be a fast and easy way to create .NET applications, including Web services andASP.NET Web applications. Applications written in Visual C# are built on the services of the common languageruntime and take full advantage of the .NET Framework. It is a simple, elegant, type-safe, object-oriented language recently developed by Microsoft forbuilding a wide range of applications. Anyone familiar with C and similar languages will find few problemsin adapting to C#. C# is designed to bring rapid development to the C++ programmer without sacrificing thepower and control that are a hallmark of C and C++. Because of this heritage, C# has a high degree of fidelitywith C and C++, and developers familiar with these languages can quickly become productive in C#. C#provides intrinsic code trust mechanisms for a high level of security, garbage collection, and type safety. C#supports single inheritance and creates Microsoft intermediate language (MSIL) as input to native codecompilers. It is fully integrated with the .NET Framework and the common language runtime, which togetherprovide language interoperability, garbage collection, enhanced security, and improved versioning support.C# simplifies and modernizes some of the more complex aspects of C and C++, notably namespaces, classes,
enumerations, overloading, and structured exception handling. C# also eliminates C and C++ features such asmacros, multiple inheritance, and virtual base classes. For current C++ developers, C# provides a powerful,high-productivity language alternative.Visual C# provides prototypes of some common project types, including: • Windows Application. • Class Library. • Windows Control Library. • ASP.NET Web Application. • ASP.NET Web Service. • Web Control Library. • Console Application. • Windows Service.
CHAPTER 6 SYSTEM DESIGN System design is the solution to the creation of a new system. This phase is composed of severalsystems. This phase focuses on the detailed implementation of the feasible system. It emphasis ontranslating design specifications to performance specification. System design has two phases ofdevelopment logical and physical design. During logical design phase the analyst describes inputs (sources), out puts (destinations),databases (data sores) and procedures (data flows) all in a format that meats the uses requirements. Theanalyst also specifies the user needs and at a level that virtually determines the information flow into and outof the system and the data resources. Here the logical design is done through data flow diagrams anddatabase design. The physical design is followed by physical design or coding. Physical design produces the workingsystem by defining the design specifications, which tell the programmers exactly what the candidate systemmust do. The programmers write the necessary programs that accept input from the user, perform necessaryprocessing on accepted data through call and produce the required report on a hard copy or display it on thescreen.6.1 LOGICAL DESIGN Logical design of an information system shows the major features and also how they are related to oneanother. The first step of the system design is to design logical design elements. This is the most creative andchallenging phase and important too. Design of proposed system produces the details of the state how thesystem will meet the requirements identified during the system analysis that is, in the design phase we have tofind how to solve the difficulties faced by the existing system. The logical design of the proposed systemshould include the details that contain how the solutions can be implemented. It also specifies how thedatabase is to be built for storing and retrieving data, what kind of reports are to be created and what are theinputs to be given to the system. The logical design includes input design, output design, and database designand physical design
6.2 INPUT DESIGN The input design is the link between the information system and the user. It comprises the developingspecification and procedures for data preparation and those steps are necessary to put transaction data into ausable form for processing data entry. The activity of putting data into the computer for processing can beachieved by inspecting the computer to read data from a written or printed document or it can occur byhaving people keying the data directly into the system. The design of input focuses on controlling theamount of input required, controlling errors, avoiding delay, avoiding extra steps and keeping the processsimple. The system needs the data regarding the asset items, depreciation rates, asset transfer, physicalverification for various validation, checking, calculation and report generation.. The error raising method isalso included in the software, which helps to raise error message while wrong entry of input is done. So ininput design the following things are considered.What data should be given as input?• How the data should be arranged or coded?• The dialogue to guide the operating personnel in providing input.• Methods for preparing input validations and steps to follow when error occur• The samples of screen layout are given in the appendix. 6.3 OUTPUT DESIGN Computer output is the most important and direct information source to the user. Output design isa process that involves designing necessary outputs in the form of reports that should be given to the usersaccording to the requirements. Efficient, intelligible output design should improve the system’s relationshipwith the user and help in decision making. Since the reports are directing referred by the management fortaking decisions and to draw conclusions they must be designed with almost care and the details in thereports must be simple, descriptive and clear to the user. So while designing output the following things areto be considered.• Determine what information to present
• Arrange the presentation of information in an acceptable format• Decide how to distribute the output to intended receipts Depending on the nature and future use of output required, they can be displayed on the monitorfor immediate need and for obtaining the hardcopy. The options for the output reports are given in theappendix.6.4 PHYSICAL DESIGN The process of developing the program softwareis referred to as physical design. We have to designthe process by identifying reports and the otheroutputs the system will produce. Coding the programfor each module with its logic is performed in thisstep. Proper software specification is also done in thisstep.6.5 MODULAR DESIGN A software system is always divided into several sub systems that makes it easier for thedevelopment. A software system that is structured into several subsystems makes it easy for the developmentand testing. The different subsystems are known as the modules and the process of dividing an entire systeminto subsystems is known as modularization or decomposition.A system cannot be decomposed into several subsystems in any way. There must some logical barrier,which facilitates the separation of each module. The separation must be simple but yet must be effective sothat the development is not affected.
The system under consideration has been divided intoseveral modules taking in consideration the above-mentioned criteria. The different modules are 1.College and Department details 2. Login and subject 3. Student Details 4. Exam Details6.6 DATABASE DESIGN The overall objective in the development of database technology has been to treat data as anorganizational resource and as an integrated whole. DBMS allow data to be protected and organizedseparately from other resources. Database is an integrated collection of data. The most significant form ofdata as seen by the programmers is data as stored on the direct access storage devices. This is the differencebetween logical and physical data. Database files are the key source of information into the system. It is the process of designingdatabase files, which are the key source of information to the system. The files should be properly designedand planned for collection, accumulation, editing and retrieving the required information. The organization of data in database aims to achieve three major objectives: -• Data integration.• Data integrity.• Data independence.
The proposed system stores the information relevant for processing in the MS SQL SERVERdatabase. This database contains tables, where each table corresponds to one particular type of information.Each piece of information in table is called a field or column. A table also contains records, which is a set offields. All records in a table have the same set of fields with different information. There are primary keyfields that uniquely identify a record in a table. There are also fields that contain primary key from anothertable called foreign keys.6.6.1 NORMALIZATION Normalization is a technique of separating redundant fields and braking up a large table in to a smallerone. It is also used to avoid insertion, deletion and updating anomalies. All the tables have been normalizedup to the third normal form. In short the rules for each of the three normal forms are as below.• First normal form A relation is said to be in 1NF if all the under lying domain of attributes contain simple individualvalues.• Second normal form The 2NF is based on the concept of full functional dependency. A relation said to be in 2NF if andonly if it is in 1NF and every non-key attribute is fully functionally dependent on candidate key of the table.• Third normal form The 3NF is based on the concept of transitive dependency. A relation in 2NF is said to be in 3NF ifevery non-key attribute is non-transitively.
CHAPTER 7CODING The goal of the coding phase is to translate the design. The aim in this phase is to implement thedesign in the best possible manner. Well known code can reduce the testing and maintenance effort. Duringcoding, the focus should on developing programs that are easy to read and understand and not simply ondeveloping the programs that are easy to write. Simplicity and clarity should be strived for during the codephase. An important concept that help the understandability of the programs is structured programming. Theprogram that should be organized as a sequence of statements and during execution of the statements isexecuted in the sequence given in the program. There are many different criteria for judging of the program,execution time and required memory.
CHAPTER 8 SYSTEM TESTING AND IMPLEMENTATION 8.1 SYSTEM TESTING System testing is a critical aspect of Software Quality Assurance and represents the ultimate reviewof specification, design and coding. Testing is a process of executing a program with the intent of finding anerror. A good test is one that has a probability of finding an as yet undiscovered error. The purpose of testingis to identify and correct bugs in the developed system. Nothing is complete without testing. Testing is thevital to the success of the system. In the code testing the logic of the developed system is tested. For this every module of the programis executed to find an error. To perform specification test, the examination of the specifications stating whatthe program should do and how it should perform under various conditions. Unit testing focuses first on the modules in the proposed system to locate errors. This enables todetect errors in the coding and logic that are contained within that module alone. Those resulting from theinteraction between modules are initially avoided. In unit testing step each module has to be checkedseparately. System testing does not test the software as a whole, but rather than integration of each module in thesystem. The primary concern is the compatibility of individual modules. One has to find areas where moduleshave been designed with different specifications of data lengths, type and data element name. Testing and validation are the most important steps after the implementation of the developed system.The system testing is performed to ensure that there are no errors in the implemented system. The softwaremust be executed several times in order to find out the errors in the different modules of the system. Validation refers to the process of using the new software for the developed system in a live environment i.e., new software inside the organization, in order to find out the errors. The validation phase reveals the failures and the bugs in the developed system. It will be come to know about the practical difficulties the system faces when operated in the true environment. By testing the code of the implemented software, the logic of the program can be examined. A specification test is conducted to check whether the
specifications stating the program are performing under various conditions. Apart from these tests, there aresome special tests conducted which are given below: Peak Load Tests: This determines whether the new system will handle the volume of activities whenthe system is at the peak of its processing demand. The test has revealed that the new software for theagency is capable of handling the demands at the peak time. Storage Testing: This determines the capacity of the new system to store transaction data on a disk oron other files. The proposed software has the required storage space available, because of the use of anumber of hard disks. Performance Time Testing: This test determines the length of the time used by the system to processtransaction data. In this phase the software developed Testing is exercising the software to uncover errors and ensurethe system meets defined requirements. Testing may be done at 4 levels• Unit Level• Module Level• Integration & System• Regression8.1.1 UNIT TESTING A Unit corresponds to a screen /form in the package. Unit testing focuses on verification of thecorresponding class or Screen. This testing includes testing of control paths, interfaces, local data structures,logical decisions, boundary conditions, and error handling. Unit testing may use Test Drivers, which arecontrol programs to co-ordinate test case inputs and outputs, and Test stubs, which replace low-levelmodules. A stub is a dummy subprogram.8.1.2 MODULE LEVEL TESTING Module Testing is done using the test cases prepared earlier. Module is defined during the time ofdesign.8.1.3 INTEGRATION & SYSTEM TESTING
Integration testing is used to verify the combining of the software modules. Integration testingaddresses the issues associated with the dual problems of verification and program construction. Systemtesting is used to verify, whether the developed system meets the requirements.8.1.4 REGRESSION TESTING Each modification in software impacts unmodified areas, which results serious injuries to thatsoftware. So the process of re-testing for rectification of errors due to modification is known as regressiontesting.Installation and Delivery: Installation and Delivery is the process of delivering the developed and tested software to thecustomer. Refer the support procedures.Acceptance and Project Closure: Acceptance is the part of the project by which the customer accepts the product. This will be done asper the Project Closure, once the customer accepts the product, closure of the project is started. Thisincludes metrics collection, PCD, etc.8.2 SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION Implementation includes all those activities that take place to convert from the old system to thenew. The old system consists of manual operations, which is operated in a very different manner from theproposed new system. A proper implementation is essential to provide a reliable system to meet therequirements of the organizations. An improper installation may affect the success of the computerizedsystem.8.2.1 IMPLEMENTATION METHODS: There are several methods for handling the implementation and the consequent conversion from theold to the new computerized system. The most secure method for conversion from the old system to the new system is to run the old andnew system in parallel. In this approach, a person may operate in the manual older processing system as wellas start operating the new computerized system. This method offers high security, because even if there is aflaw in the computerized system, we can depend upon the manual system. However, the cost formaintaining two systems in parallel is very high. This outweighs its benefits.
Another commonly method is a direct cut over from the existing manual system to the computerizedsystem. The change may be with in a week or with in a day. There are no parallel activities. However, thereis no remedy in case of a problem. This strategy requires careful planning. A working version of the system can also be implemented in one part of the organization and thepersonnel will be piloting the system and changes can be made as and when required. But this method is lesspreferable due to the loss of entirety of the system.8.2.2 IMPLEMENTATION PLAN: The implementation plan includes a description of all the activities that must occur to implementthe new system and to put it into operation. It identifies the personnel responsible for the activities andprepares a time chart for implementing the system. The implementation plan consists of the following steps.o List all files required for implementation.o Identify all data required to build new files during the implementation.o List all new documents and procedures that go into the new system. The implementation plan should anticipate possible problems and must be able to deal with them.The usual problems may be missing documents; mixed data formats between current and files, errors in datatranslation, missing data etc.
CHAPTER 9 FIGURES The different modules, forms and tables in our system are displayed here.9.1 DATA FLOW DIAGRAMThe following dataflow diagrams show the control flow in our system. User Student information Service request Fig9.1 LEVEL 1 DFD
USERSIGN UP LOGIN REGISTERED MEMBER USERADMINISTRATOR DATA BASE VIEW ACCES DATABASE SIGN OUT
Fig13.2 LEVEL 2 DFD 9.2 SCREEN SHOTS 9.2.1 College and Department details It deals with the details of college and department.Fig 1: College detailsThis form is used to enter the details of the college.
Fig 2: Department detailsThis form is used to enter the details about various courses.
9.1.2 Login and subject It contains the details of login process and subject details. Login process include sign in sign up ,signout, change password.Fig3: Signup This form is used for sign up process.
Fig4: Sign in form This form is used to sign in to the system
Fig5: Change password form This form is used to change the password of users.
Fig5 :Subject form This form is used to enter the details about different subjects of different departments and semesters.
Fig7:Parent detailsFig6 and Fig7 are used to enter the personnel details of student.
Fig8:Acdemic detailsThis form is used enter different types
10.1.3 Exam DetailsFig9: Exam detailsThis form is used to enter marks got for various exams including its register number.
Fig 10: This form is used to select a particular student.
Fig11: Other details This form is used to enter the achievements, disciplinary action taken and the month and year of undergoing cour se.
Fig12: Final report This form is used to enter technical knowledge, about the lab record, his/her character any remarks.
CHAPTER 10 CONCLUSION The system has been developed with much care that it is free of errors and at the same time it isefficient and less time consuming. The important thing is that the system is robust. Avoid malfunction fromoutsiders .It goes through all phases of software development cycle. So product is accurate. Also provision isprovided for future developments in the system.
RESUME The current application developed is in accordance with the request that has been provided by theorganization. On regarding the future enhancement, the application can further expanded in accordance withchanging scenario. Since the change in testing and user needs arises frequently in certain short intervals oftime, the application can be further upgraded to meet the requirements that may arise in the far or near future.With regarding to the needs that arises, more and more features can be included by adding it as separatemodules and integrate it with the existing system. The .NET today is based on OOPs concept, whose main advantage is modularity, which helps us inadding the future needs as add-on modules to work with the main system which can be done effortlesslyinstead of rewriting or modifying the entire application. So the scope of future enhancement is absolutelyclear with the concept that is incorporated in the today that was made used to build the application.