these days there's also chanting monks and comic book reading monks and and... but there is no real formal distinction. but you can tell which is which by spending any time around them or reading their books. also in some monks the labels overlap and you'll fine a scholar monk who is very well practiced in meditation.
you can think of the differences like this
the scholar is like an ivy league law professor and the meditation monk is a trial lawyer. you could talk to both of them about law, and learn from them both but their approaches are going to be very different as their skills were developed in different ways, one developed a skill to learn and absorb information and refined their skills of transmitting that information the other developed a skill of practicing with what information he learned and most likely didn't spend a lot of time learning the skill of transmission, because his time was spent finding different ways of making that information work in real time for an immediate outcome. if you wanted to learn from the scholar you could just listen or read, spend time lots of time with concepts and ideas. if you wanted to learn from the trial lawyer you'd have to get in the action yourself be a paralegal , get yelled at, maybe lose a case, face disappointment, break downs etc, but maybe you'll stand strong and end up a great lawyer too.
and when discussing how the law works the professor will tell you, the law says A B C that all it's very clear and exact and should be understood in a certain way. while the Trial lawyer will tell you, nothing is quite like it says in the books, that unexpected things pop up all the time and sometimes you have to play with the law a bit to make it work just right.
สัพเพ สัตตา สุขีตา โหนตุ
the mountain may be heavy in and of itself, but if you're not trying to carry it it's not heavy to you- Ajaan Suwat