German past perfect
This tense indicates situations or events that have been established through the past or present perfect tense. An example of the past perfect in English would be: "He was tired because he had not slept the night before". In German, the past perfect is created similar to the present perfect tense, except war, warst, waren and wart (conjugation of "sein") or hatte, hattest, hatten and hattet (conjugation of "haben") is used instead of sein or haben.
He had played well until he was hurt - Er hatte gut gespielt, bis er verletzt wurde
She had already been in Munich for one month before she went to the opera - Sie war schon einen Monat in München gewesen, bevor sie in die Oper gegangen ist.