|Table 8. Mean weekly out-of-pocket expense paid for weekly nonparental care arrangements that have any out-of-pocket cost for children from birth through age 5 and not yet in kindergarten, by child and family characteristics: 2005|
|Characteristic||Number of children
expense by type of nonparental care arrangement1
|Less than 1 year||860||79.49||114.51||117.30|
|Asian or Pacific Islander,|
|Other race, non-Hispanic3||476||69.38||127.09||95.29|
|Parentsí language spoken most at home4|
|Both/only parent(s) speak(s) English||7,568||59.96||108.50||84.79|
|One of two parents speaks English||117||71.88||65.69||101.90|
|No parent speaks English||580||58.72||73.02||106.44|
|Motherís level of education5|
|Less than a high school||250||66.53||62.76||40.27|
|Vocational/technical or some college||2,398||55.79||85.28||72.97|
|Graduate or professional education|
|Motherís school enrollment status5|
|Motherís employment status5|
|35 or more hours per week||4,555||$64.01||$115.71||$109.43|
|Less than 35 hours per week||1,875||56.23||88.24||71.29|
|Looking for work||273||31.50!||61.59||71.16|
|Not in the labor force||1,393||74.28||95.41||48.44|
|Motherís work shift5, 6|
|Concern regarding neighborhood|
health and safety conditions
|No concern regarding neighborhood|
health and safety conditions
|$25,000 or less||1,423||39.51||62.47||59.07|
|$25,001 to $50,000||1,601||65.86||75.60||67.13|
|$50,001 to $75,000||1,937||65.06||86.29||81.49|
|$75,001 to $100,000||1,473||77.57||126.30||98.80|
|$100,001 or more||1,831||89.82||166.58||109.27|
|At or above poverty threshold||7,240||68.79||110.20||89.85|
|Below poverty threshold||1,025||38.32||56.10||53.87|
!Interpret data with caution; coefficient of variation is 50 percent or more.
1Estimates indicate out-of-pocket expenses per week for care of a given type, per child. For children with more than one arrangement of a given type, the expenses for each arrangement of that type are summed to calculate the total spent per week for that type of care.
2Center-based arrangements include day care centers, Head Start programs, preschools, prekindergartens, and other early childhood programs.
3"Other race, non-Hispanic" includes children who were multiracial and not of Hispanic ethnicity, or who were American Indian or Alaska Native, or were not Hispanic, White, Black, Asian, or Pacific Islander.
4Complete descriptions of the categories for parentsí language are as follows: (1) "Both/only parent(s) learned English as child(ren) or currently speak(s) English in the home," (2) "One of two parents learned English as a child or currently speaks English in the home," and (3) "No parent learned English as a child and both/only parent(s) currently speak(s) a non-English language in the home."
5Children without mothers living in the household are not included in estimates related to motherís education, enrollment, employment status, or work shift.
6Work shifts were collapsed into two categories: regular and variable work shifts. A regular work shift is one with set hours. A variable shift is one that changes from days to evenings or nights regardless of whether the hours are set by the employer or the employee.
7Parents or guardians respond "yes" or "no" to the question: "Are there any conditions in your neighborhood that make you worried about the health or safety of ((CHILD)/any of the children) in your household?"
8Children are considered poor if they were living in households with incomes below the poverty threshold, which is a dollar amount determined by the federal government to meet the householdís needs, given its size and composition.
NOTE: Estimates include children from birth through 5 years of age, and not yet in kindergarten who have at least one weekly nonparental care arrangement with out-of-pocket expense. Children for whom no fee was charged, for whom another source paid the entire fee for care, or for whom the period of time covered by the amount indicated (e.g., per hour, per week, etc.) could not be determined are excluded from the estimates. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Early Childhood Program Participation Survey of the National Household Education Surveys Program (ECPP-NHES:2005).