Adenosine-5-Triphosphate, abbreviated as ATP, is a substance that is produced by the mitochondrion, which exists in every cell within the body as an energy supplier. ATP is the energy source of the body and serves to transport energy within cells for the metabolism, which is a chemical process within the body that converts and stores energy. Essentially, the energy of ATP can be transferred to other cells or can be converted into mechanical energy for the body. Major organs like the brain require ATP to properly function. Without proper ATP production, the human body would not be able to operate.
Simply put, ATP is considered the immediate energy currency of the body, where it stores energy within the bodys cells until that energy is needed. ATP is used to produce protein, to contract muscles in exercise, and to generate electrical impulses in the nervous system, amongst other key body functions.
ATP Natural Sources
- Carbohydrates: Consumed carbohydrates, like pasta and bread, are broken up by the metabolism into glucose, which is then stored in the muscles as glycogen. When muscles need energy, that glycogen is transformed into ATP energy.
- Fats: Consumed fats in the form of nuts and fruits, instead of complex fats like candy and French fries, are broken down by the metabolism and used as energy that ultimately decreases chances of fatigue when used.
- Oxygen: Consumed oxygen via deep breathing (in through the nose, out through the mouth) will stimulate ATP production and energy release.
ATP Importance for Exercise
Both eating and breathing serve to restore glucose back into the body as ATP energy. Muscles need that energy to function, i.e. contract. Thus, ATP serves as the primary function for physical activity. Furthermore, according to the Journal of International Society of Sports Nutrition (JISSN), ATP improves low peak muscle torque and torque fatigue during repeated high intensity exercise sets.
According to theAmerican Physiological Society, a person will typically use up his or her body weight of ATP daily. However, ATP supplements serve to boost normal production and energy stores of ATP, ultimately resulting in an increase of muscle strength, power output, and endurance. The supplements also serve as a diet-conscientious alternative for dieters who want to stay away from sugars, starches, and overall carbohydrates while still consuming ATP.
Furthermore, JISSN finds that supplementation with 400 mg of ATP for 15 days serves to reduce muscle fatigue while improving muscle low peak torque during comprehensive exercise. Thus, ATP supplements are an aid for those who want to build muscle tone and definition as well as develop a heightened performance during routine exercise.