A seizure is an abnormal change in the electrical activity of the brain. These electrical changes may occur in or near the part of the brain called the temporal lobe. This is known as a complex partial seizure
The reason for the electrical disturbance causing a seizure is often not known. Complex partial seizures are one of the most common types of seizures. Unlike other seizures, complex partial seizures usually don't make people completely lose consciousness. However, any seizure may spread over the entire brain. This can result in a loss of consciousness or convulsions.
Any of the following conditions may be the cause of a complex partial seizure:
Most often, the cause is unknown.
Seizures that remain in or near the temporal lobe may cause:
A test called an electroencephalogram or EEG can be used to measure the brain waves. The brain waves become abnormal in many people who have seizures, and are almost always abnormal during a seizure. Special x-ray tests such as a cranial CT or cranial MRI may be ordered to examine the brain for abnormalities.
There is usually no way to prevent this condition because the cause is often not known. Medications can help prevent further seizures.
Rarely, complex partial seizures can progress to seizures that do not stop. When this happens it is called status epilepticus, which could possibly cause brain or other bodily damage if left untreated.
This is not a contagious condition.
Medications that suppress seizures are usually effective. These medications can usually prevent seizures or at least make them happen less often.
All medications have side effects. These may include allergic reactions, stomach upset, sleepiness and others. Other side effects depend on the medication used.
Treatment may be required for life in some people. Persons who have not had a seizure in a long time may be taken off medication, to see if the seizures come back. If a person has not had a seizure for several years, the healthcare provider may decide to stop treatment.
Anyone with seizures should be evaluated. A brain specialist called a neurologist usually follows people with seizures on a regular basis. Once a control plan is in place, a primary care physician or nurse practitioner may monitor the illness.
Author:Adam Brochert, MD
Editor:Evans, Gwen, BA
Reviewer:Eric Berlin, MD
"Principles of Neurology", 1997, Adams et al.