I know that the latter is a substantivated adjective, but I can't really seem to get the difference in meaning. To me, both indicate the German language. Yes, "das Deutsche" is used "im Allgemeinen", but how is "das Deutsch" less general?
Also it looks like in certain expressions it's customary to use "das Deutsche", as in
ins Deutsche übersetzen
Would "ins Deutsch übersetzen" instead be really wrong?