is how we started. The three pitcher arsenic filtration system (known
as 3-Kolshi) containing zero-valent iron as the active component was
first developed in 1999. The filtration system was mass produced and
used by many people. The instrument in the background, a computer controlled
electrochemical analyzer for trace arsenic measurement was developed
by the authors team. The inventors published 10 papers on arsenic and
its mitigation in peer reviewed international journals (e.g., J. Environ.
Sci. and Health, A35 (7), 1021-1041, 2000 and Talanta, 58(1), 33-43,