Lucan wrote:Thanks for your help. It appears that I've just been missing out several of the steps involved- namely elongating the vowel in contracted forms and then adding the sigma, even if the verb itself ends in [face=spionic]l m n r[/face]. But despite this there still seem to be some oddities that I think I'll have to pick up these as I go along.
other such instances off the top of my head are pnew, rhew, kamnw, diwkw, new, aidw, lanchanw, phthanw, tugchanw, paschw, lambanw, tiktw, plew, thnhiskw, horaw, gignwskw, klaiw, hamartanw and of course, in form, eimi.
Does your book mention principal parts? The future active & middle is formed from a different principal part than the present active & middle. For regular verbs there are rules for deriving the second principal part from the first, but (as you know) not all verbs are regular, so in principle there is no sure way to predict what the future is. You just have to know the princpal parts of the verb.
Paul wrote: Because the future has its origins in the desiderative/voluntative, it is quite natural that it is often realized in the middle voice where, again, the interest of the subject is most significant.
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