Each adrenal gland has two parts. The cortex (outer layer) is controlled by the pituitary gland and produces several corticosteroid hormones, the most important of which affect metabolism and blood pressure. The cortex also secretes small amounts of male sex hormones (androgens). The medulla (core) influences the autonomic nervous system by releasing the hormones epinephrine (adrenaline) and norepinephrine (noradrenaline), which increase heart activity and blood flow in response to excitement or stress.
From the 2010 revision of the Complete Home Medical Guide © Dorling Kindersley Limited.
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