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Schuyler Colfax was the Vice President of the United States under President Ulysses S. Grant. He writes about the increase in the United States population in the glowing terms of being worth more than gold and silver. The United States population was increasing very quickly having grown from more than five million in 1800 to more than 23 million by mid-century. The cause of this growth was from both a high birth-rate and immigration. His prediction is that in less than ten years, the West Coast will rival New England in the number of manufacturing companies and that America will gain more power, resources and opportunities than any other country. The Gazette & Courier was the newspaper in Greenfield, Massachusetts, from July 20, 1841 until June 24, 1932. Before 1841 the newspaper's name changed quite frequently, with Gazette a frequent part of the title.