Chlorination is often used to control filamentous bulking in activated sludge systems. A series of laboratory-scale reactor experiments showed that soluble potassium concentrations increased in the bulk liquid phase of mixed liquors that were exposed to chlorine, relative to unchlorinated
controls. Effluent turbidity and TSS from settled mixed liquor increased in direct relation to the chlorine mass load. The point of chlorine addition relative to primary effluent addition did not influence the degree of potassium efflux. The results implicate the glutathione-gated potassium
efflux (GGKE) bacterial stress response as a mechanism contributing to increased effluent turbidity associated with chlorination of mixed liquor. Potassium may be a useful parameter to monitor when determining chlorine mass doses that should be used for controlling filaments while minimizing
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