Advances in 3D printing have meant that radiologists can use the technique to quickly build affordable
3D models for neurosurgical planning.
Using ultra high-resolution CT scans, radiologists can transform
the imagery into 3D solid models using a Z Corp 3D colour printer
more commonly used in architecture and for rapid prototyping in
The DICOM images (a standard file format for medical digital
images) are converted to STL files readable by CAD software. This
is then imported into Zprint software and printed by a Z Corp
The models help radiologists and surgeons identify defects that
2D images might not allow and give a clearer impression of the
image. In addition to helping to plan procedures on complicated
anatomy, it also helps physicians communicate with patients and
The technique is being employed at the Department of Radiology
at Tripler Army Medical
Centre in Hawaii in partnership with the Joint POW/MIA
Accounting Command/Central Identification Laboratory.
The Tripler doctors were previously sending data from Hawaii to mainland US
to make models at vast expense and over a considerable time
Paediatric radiologist Lynne Reuss told Wired.co.uk: "Tripler
neurosurgeons have found them very useful for complicated anatomy,
but they have been used for less complicated anatomy as well, for
example for planning prosthesis; in one case a model was used to
make an appropriately sized cranioplasty flap (a replacement for a
missing or damaged piece of skull)."