|Zalom, F. G. - UNIV. OF CALIFORNIA|
|Toscano, N. C. - UNIV. OF CALIFORNIA|
|Byrne, F. J. - UNIV. OF CALIFORNIA|
Submitted to: California Agriculture
Publication Type: Popular Publication
Publication Acceptance Date: December 1, 2004
Publication Date: January 2, 2005
Citation: Zalom, F., Toscano, N., Byrne, F. 2005. Managing resistance is critical to future use of Pyrethroids and Neonicotinoids. California Agriculture. 59:11-15. Technical Abstract: Synthetic pyrethroids and neonicotinoids are the most readily available alternatives to the organophosphate and carbamate insecticides. Pyrethroids have become widely used in California, and problems with insecticide resistance and non-target impacts have already been identified. Neonicotinoids are a new class of insecticide with uses only now being realized. Managing resistance will be crucial to preserving these new materials as organophosphate uses are lost. This paper reviews the history and development of the pyrethroids and neonicotinoids, and offers insight into potential resistance management of these products.