efforts to prepare for a disaster and reduce its damage.
major natural events are preceded by these which may warn of impending disaster.
Natural events that occur at predictable intervals.
The stiff, rigid outer rind of the Earth
The inner, hotter, more easily deformed part of the Earth.
Large blocks that make up the lithosphere
The thick layer of material below the thin crust and above the Earth's core. Mostly peridotite in composition in its upper part. Its density approximates 3.2 or 3.3 g/cm cubed in the upper part and 4.5 g/cm cubed in the lower part.
Lower-density crust floats in Earth's higher density mantle. Also called isostatic equilibrium. Buoyancy.
The theory that lithospheric plates that move relative to one another collide in some places, pull apart in others, and slide past one another in still others. These movements cause earthquakes and volcanic eruptions and builds mountain ranges
A spreading plate boundary such as a mid-oceanic ridge. Plates move AWAY from each other.
A tectonic plate boundary along which 2 plates come together by either subduction or continent-continent collision. Plates move TOWARD each other.
convergent boundary along which lithospheric plates come together and one descends beneath the other; often ocean floor descending beneath continent.
A boundary marked by a transform fault. Plates slide PAST each other.
Oceanic crust that spreads apart as lithospheric plates separate.
An elongate depression in the ocean floor at a subduction zone between 2 tectonic plates and most commonly at the edge of an active continental margin. Many in Pacific Ocean.
an elongate spreading zone in the Earth's lithosphere.
The zone of convergence between 2 lithospheric plates
an isolated volcano, typically not on a lithospheric radar that is indicative of a supercell thunderstorm. The hook shape often indicates development of a tornado.
the gradual movement of continents as oceans spread and separate.
A high-standing rift or spreading zone in an ocean--for example the mid-Atlantic Ridge or East Pacific Ridge.
The area around a magnet which magnetism is felt. Slow convection currents are believed to generate the magnetic field.
Ruptures in the Earth's crust
A fault (generally steeply inclined) that has the upper block of rock moving down compared with the lower block.
faults that have the upper block of rock moving up compared with the lower block.
faults that have the upper block of rock moving up compared with the lower block. The fault surface is more gently inclined.
faults that have relative lateral movement of the 2 sides.
Elastic Rebound Theory
The earth bouncing back upward
forces imposed on a rock
change in shape of rock in response to imposed stress.
Smaller slips preceding the main earthquake.
small slips to adjust
The amount of movement of a fault after an earthquake that measures the distance of movement.
Surface Rupture Length
The total length of the break
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