electro-optic phenomena...electric field. In noncentrosymmetric crystals, the change in the index of refraction n is generally much greater; it depends linearly on the applied electric field and is known as the Pockels effect (after the German physicist F. R. Pockels).
lithium niobate...niobate, a transparent, relatively hard, and dense material that resembles clear glass, is particularly suitable for electro-optical applications. The electro-optical effect, also known as the Pockels effect, is an optical phenomenon in which the refractive index of a medium varies linearly with an applied electrical field. Electro-optical modulators are used for modulating or encoding...
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