The physiological definition of respiration should not be confused with the biochemical definition of respiration, which refers to cellular respiration: the metabolic process by which an organism obtains energy by reacting oxygen with glucose to give water, carbon dioxide and 38ATP (energy). Although physiologic respiration is necessary to sustain cellular respiration and thus life in animals, the processes are distinct: cellular respiration takes place in individual cells of the organism, while physiologic respiration concerns the bulk flow and transport of metabolites between the organism and the external environment.
Breathing (which in organisms with lungs is called ventilation and includes inhalation and exhalation) is a part of physiologic respiration. Thus, in precise usage, the words breathing and ventilation are hyponyms, not synonyms, of respiration; but this prescription is not consistently followed, even by most health care providers, because the term respiratory rate (RR) is a well-established term in health care, even though it would need to be consistently replaced with ventilation rate if the precise usage were to be followed.
Classifications of respiration
There are several ways to classify the physiology of respiration:
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- Severe acute respiratory syndrome
- Pulmonary aspiration - Pulmonary edema
By intensive care and emergency medicine
- Mechanical ventilation
- Iron lung
- Intensive care medicine
- Liquid breathing
- Oxygen toxicity
- Medical ventilator
- Life support
- General anaesthesia
By other medical topics
- Respiratory therapy
- Breathing gases
- Hyperbaric oxygen therapy
- Gas embolism
- Decompression sickness
- Oxygen toxicity
- Nitrogen narcosis
- Carbon dioxide poisoning
- Carbon monoxide poisoning
- Salt water aspiration syndrome
- Nelsons VCE Units 1-2 Physical Education. 2010 Cengage Copyright.
- Nilsson, Goran E. (2010). Respiratory Physiology of Vertebrates. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-70302-4.
- Randall, David (2002). Eckert Animal Physiology. New York: W.H. Freeman and CO. ISBN 0-7167-3863-5., human biology 146149
- C.Michael Hogan. 2011. Respiration. Encyclopedia of Earth. Eds. Mark McGinley and C.J.Cleveland. National Council for Science and the Environment. Washington DC