I've been considering using heat tape this year, to protect my pipes from freezing. Are there any suggestions for the proper use or installation of heat tape, or pros/cons?
Heat tape/line is often used as a bandaid for improper installation of the pipes to begin with. There certainly are situations where it makes the most sense, but in general, if you're below the frost line and inside insulated areas, the pipe should be fine.
Think of it this way: if your power goes out for enough time, the pipe will freeze anyways, and if it bursts, you still have a major problem.
If the pipe is not buried deep enough, then you can either put it deeper, or add rigid foam on top and sides to help insulate it.
In a basement or crawlspace, it's better to insulate that space and make it suitable for running pipes, than to mask the problem with heat-tape (and get another thing that can fail).
In my experience, the heat line products that go inside the pipe seem to work much better. These work best when you also insulate around the pipe itself.
Often people put timers or thermostats on basic heat line due to the energy they use: these are both problematic. Timers don't regulate according to temperature, and thermostats measure the temperature of where the thermostat (or sensor) is, not the actual water. This is not so important with 6' tape, but definitely is with 10 or 100' runs.
There are products that are self-regulating: you give them constant power, and all throughout the line, if it's cold enough, the line (in the spot that's cold) will turn on and heat up. These use a lot less power, and are much more reliable (no timer/thermostat to fail).
As far as installation, it's fairly simple, but there are some important notes:
I use heat tape and I love it.
My water main exits the ground and travels about 30' before entering the house. Recently re-rigged it with heat tape, a circulation system, and a TON of insulation. First winter in the life of the house that the pipe didn't freeze.
Biggest caution on it is that it uses electricity faster than Charlie Sheen uses cocaine.
Thinking about putting some sort of thermostat to reduce electric usage.
hope this helps