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An Altered State of Consciousness is any state which is significantly different from a normative Waking Beta wave state. The expression was coined in the 1970s by Carlos Castaneda and describes induced changes in one's mental state, almost always temporary. A synonymous phrase is "altered states of awareness".
An altered state of consciousness can come about accidentally through fever, sleep deprivation, starvation, oxygen deprivation, nitrogen narcosis (deep diving), or a traumatic accident. Intentionally it can sometimes be reached by the use of a sensory deprivation tank or mind-control techniques, hypnosis, meditation, prayer, or disciplines (e.g. Mantra Meditation, Yoga, Sufism or Surat Shabda Yoga). It is sometimes attained through the ingestion of psychoactive drugs such as alcohol and opiates, or hallucinogenic plants and chemicals such as LSD, 2C-I, peyote, marijuana, mescaline, psilocybin mushrooms, and datura (Jimson weed).
- Aldous Huxley
- Carlos Castaneda
- Charles Tart
- Claudio Naranjo
- John C. Lilly
- Timothy Leary
- Psychology of religion
- Stanislav Grof
- John Curtis Gowan
- Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi -his book "Flow: The Psychology of Optimal Experience" regarding 'being in the zone'.
- John C. Lilly
- Divine Way of Spiritual Heart Knowledge about consciousness developing. Methodology of spiritual self-perfection.
- Ekstasis Journeys in trance, meditation, mysteries and altered states of consciousness
- Mantra Meditation
- Trance Research Foundation - Trance Institutenl:Trance (bewustzijn)
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