HGM2002 Poster Abstracts: 11. Genome Diversity
POSTER NO: 548
Mitochondrial DNA variety in Turkic and Uralic-speaking people
1E. Khusnutdinova, 1M. Bermisheva, 3K. Tambets, 1A. Salimova, 1T. Korshunova, 2G. Svyatova, 4R. Mukhamedov, 3R. Villems
We have analysed phylogeography of the maternal lineages of Turkic and Uralic-speaking people in the eastern Europe and the Central Asia. MtDNA of about 1500 Bashkirs, Tatars, Chuvashis, Maris, Mordvins, Udmurts and Komis, Kazakhs, Uzbeks, as well as Turkic-speaking Nogays of the North Caucasus area was studied by RFLP typing and HVR sequencing. Except Udmurts, the Volga basin populations (Tatars, Chuvashis, Maris, Mordvin and Syryan Komis) encompass only a limited share of mtDNA haplogroups typical for eastern Asians and native Siberians (variants of hgs M, A, B, F, N9, Y), their frequency being somewhat higher (10%-11%) among Turkic speakers than among FU speaking populations. In contrast, among Uralic-speaking Udmurts their share is 27%. Surprisingly, the majority of mtDNAs of Nogays, who are supposed to descend from Mongoloid Golden Horde inhabitants, belong also to western Eurasian variants of maternal lineages (~63%), testifying about an extensive admixture within about the last 750 years. The same value for Bashkirs is quite close - ~60% and the two populations are also more similar at the level of individual mtDNA lineages. Further eastwards (Kazakhs and Uzbeks), the frequency of eastern Asian mtDNA haplotypes start to exceed those typical for western Eurasia, reaching more than 60% among Kazakhs. From literature it is known that the same value for Turkic-speaking Yakuts is 90% or higher and among Turkish Turks as low as about 5% - 6%. Furthermore, the same for the Baltic Uralic-speaking Estonians is below 1%. Thus, with only a little variation, there is a clear east-west gradient of the 'Mongoloid' mtDNA lineages alongside the Steppe Belt and linguistic affinities of populations play a lesser role.
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