from The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, 4th Edition
- n. Any of a group of enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of single nucleotides from the end of a DNA or RNA chain.
from Wiktionary, Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License
- n. Any of a group of enzymes which cleave single nucleotides from the end of a polynucleotide (DNA or RNA) chain.
from WordNet 3.0 Copyright 2006 by Princeton University. All rights reserved.
- n. a nuclease that releases one nucleotide at a time (serially) beginning at one of a nucleic acid
Sorry, no etymologies found.
Ulmer settled on a method of sequencing single molecules of DNA, using an enzyme called exonuclease to nibble off bases from an unfurled DNA strand like a PacMan video game.
The idea was to attach an exonuclease to the lip of the nanopore: the enzyme would snip the end of an incoming strand of DNA like a PacMan, one base at a time.31 Each newly freed base then tumbles into the nanopore for its identity to be revealed by the transient blockage in current.
The specs of the box could be anywhere from 40 to 100 million bases of sequence per second per box, or 3 to 5 terabases per day, with up to twenty boxes stacked together.34 Illumina saw enough potential to ink an $18 million deal for the marketing and distribution rights for the exonuclease sequencing technology, but Oxford was also contemplating other applications eventually, with the goal of becoming the leader in diagnostics technology.
"Excision" in this case refers to excision by endonucleases or glycosylases, not nicking + exonuclease as in mismatch repair.
DNA polymerase, Pol I, extends the DNA from the free 3'-OH using its exonuclease activity to replace the nucleotide of the damaged base, as well as a few downstream, followed by sealing of the new DNA strand by DNA ligase.
Excision repair is not a general term; it refers to the snipping out of the strand using 2 breaks, while mismatch repair starts with a nick and uses a DNA polymerase with an exonuclease function.
It contains a C-terminal nuclease domain with homology to the endonuclease-exonuclease-phosphatase (EEP) family of enzymes.
To facilitate Illumina GA adaptor ligation, a single 'A' base was added to the 3′-ends of the blunt-end repaired aurochs DNA extracts. 32 µl of purified phosphorylated blunt end-repaired aurochs extract DNA was included in a final 50 µl reaction mixture containing: 1× Klenow fragment buffer (NEB), 200 µM dATP (Invitrogen), and 15 units Klenow fragment with 3′-to-5′ exonuclease activity (NEB).
The gene responsible for WS encodes a DNA helicase/exonuclease protein believed to affect different aspects of transcription, replication, and/or DNA repair.
Use of exonuclease for rapid polymerase-chain-reaction-based in vitro mutagenesis V. Shyamala, and G. F. - L. Ames Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, UC Berkeley, CA Gene 97, 1-6, (1991) • In a previous publication we proposed Asymmetric Amplification as a method to preferentially amplify one of the two PCR strands to facilitate direct sequencing