Single-shot, Revolvers, Semiautomatics
Handguns, or pistols, are firearms that are designed to be held and fired with one hand, and the most common types of handguns are ________, ________, and ________.
The ________ features several firing chambers, each holding one cartridge, located within a revolving cylinder that lines the chamber up with the barrel mechanically when the round is fired.
A cartridge for a shotgun, called a shell, contains numerous ball-shaped projectiles, called ________.
A shotgun barrel is not rifled and can also be narrowed toward the muzzle in order to concentrate shot when fired. The degree of narrowing of the barrel is called the ________ of the shotgun.
The _________ characteristics of a rifled barrel are formed by striations impressed into the barrel's surface.
To make a match between a test bullet and a recovered bullet, the lands and grooves of the test and evidence bullet must have identical widths, and the longitudinal _________ on each must coincide.
True or False: It is always possible to determine the make of a weapon by examining a bullet it fired.
The automated firearms search system developed by the FBI and ATF as a unified system incorporating both DRUGFIRE and IBIS technologies is known as ________.
True or False: The distribution of gunpowder particles and other discharge residues around a bullet hole permits an approximate determination of the distance from which the gun was fired.
True or False: Without the benefit of a weapon, an examiner can make an exact determination of firing distance.
A halo of vaporous lead deposited around a bullet hole normally indicates a discharge ___ to ___ inches from the target.
If a firearm has been fired more than 3 feet from a target, usually no residue is deposited, but a dark ring, known as ________, is observed.
As a rule of thumb, the spread in the pattern made by a 12-gauge shotgun increases 1 inch for every _______ of distance from the target.
True or False: One test method for locating powder residues involves transferring particles embedded on the target surface to chemically treated photographic paper.
Current methods for identifying a shooter rely on the detection of ________ residues on the hands.
Determining whether an individual has fired a weapon is done by measuring the elements ________ and ________ present on the hands.
True or False: Firings with all types of ammunition can be detected from hand swabbings with nitric acid.
Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM)
Microscopic primer and gunpowder particles on the adhesives applied to a suspected shooter's hand can be detected with a ___________.
True or False: Restoration of serial numbers is possible because in the stamped zone the metal is placed under a permanent strain the extends beneath the original numbers.
True or False: It is proper to insert a pencil into the barrel when picking up a crime-scene gun.
True or False: Because minute traces of evidence such as paint and fibers may be adhering to a recovered bullet, the investigator must take care to remove these trace materials immediately.
The clothing of the victim of a shooting must be handled so to prevent disruption of ________ around bullet holes.
Tool marks compare only when a sufficient number of _________ match between the evidence and test markings.
Objects bearing tool marks either should be submitted intact to the crime lab, or a ________ should be taken of the tool mark.
Shoe and tire marks impressed into soft earth at a crime scene are best preserved by ________ and ________.
A wear pattern, cut, gouge, or other damage pattern can impart ________ characteristics to a shoe.
The spiral grooves formed in the bore of a firearm barrel that impart spin to the projectile when it is fired.
The diameter of the bore of a rifled firearm, usually expressed in hundredths of an inch or millimeters--for example, .22 caliber and 9 millimeter.
The size designation of a shotgun; originally the number of lead balls with the same diameter as the barrel that would make a pound. The only exception is the .410 shotgun, in which bore size is .41 inch.
An interior constriction placed at or near the muzzle end of a shotgun's barrel to control shot dispersion.
The process of determining the distance between the firearm and a target, usually based on the distribution of powder patterns or the spread of a shot pattern.
A discipline primarily concerned with determining whether a bullet or cartridge was fired by a particular weapon.