Isabella Andreini, née Isabella Canali (born 1562, Padua, republic of Venice [Italy]—died July 10, 1604, Lyon, France), Italian leading lady of the Compagnia dei Gelosi, the most famous of the early commedia dell’arte companies.
In 1576 Flaminio Scala, a theatrical manager and scenario writer, engaged Isabella Canali to play the female lead in his company. There she met Francesco Andreini, and she later married him. They were among the most important members of the Gelosi troupe , with which she toured Italy and France until her death. A brilliant and beautiful woman, she was the subject of adoring verse by both French and Italian poets. At a Roman festival, given by her admirer Cardinal Cinzio Aldobrandini, her portrait was hung, crowned with laurels, between those of Torquato Tasso and Plutarch. Isabella was herself a minor poet and author of a pastoral play, Mirtilla (1588). A book of her songs, sonnets, letters, and other verse was published by her husband after her death. Her death prompted her husband’s retirement from the stage and was the inspiration of numerous elegies. Her son Giovambattista Andreini was a commedia dell’arte actor, a prolific author, and a founder of an acting troupe, the Compagnia dei Fedeli.