Most of what is posted on the Internet has never been subjected to the rigors of peer review common with many traditional publications. Students must learn to evaluate the reliability of information of the websites they visit.
The History of the Spanish Language- Which Webpage is most reliable?
1. ****Random History****
2. ****Wikipedia- History of Spanish****
You can always tell if a webpage is secure by the address: https://www.facebook.com/
(HTTPS) Shows that the webpage is secure and your data and information will remain there and not be given to a third party
Authority/ Accuracy/ Fairness/ Recency
1. "RandomHistory.com was created by a team of history enthusiasts dedicated to providing the Web's best selection of history and facts on random topics. We believe in advancing the place of history on the Internet and strive to fulfill this purpose. Each of our professionally trained writers and editors holds a Bachelor's degree in at least one of the following fields: history, English, or journalism. Many of them have even earned advanced degrees. Every history is carefully evaluated for accuracy and veracity and contains proper citations and references. We have chosen some of the histories on our own, but many of the topics were requested by site visitors. With all of the many histories and random factsavailable in our database, we hope you will find something to read, learn, and enjoy!" - Source: Randomhistory.com (About Us)
Since this website consists of many different historians, I would say that it has been subject to peer review. It also has a copyright:
Copyright © 2007-2012 Random History.com
For this article from Random History, the webpage said: Posted October 9, 2007
2. Wikipedia is well-known for its plethora of authors. There is no defined author of any particular article/piece. For this article, " The History of Spanish (the language) there were quite a few references:
I would argue that this amount of references is small when dealing with the history of a language, but that doesn't necessarily mean that they are not good, strong references. This website, Wikipedia, is published for people and students to get quick, "correct", information. It's a for the people by the people type of website. We are the experts on the different topics. There is quite a bit of Bias that takes place on Wikipedia because of the references that people use to write their parts to the article. For topics less specific, as in more abstract, there could be quite a bit more bias. Actually, on topics like war and country-specific events a lot of bias can be found. This website is only open to peer reviews, which is what a lot of people must like about wikipedia; anyone can change the information, if they felt strongly about it.
"Wikipedia- is amultilingual, web-based, free-content encyclopedia project operated by the Wikimedia Foundation and based on an openly editablemodel. The name "Wikipedia" is a portmanteau of the words wiki (a technology for creating collaborative websites, from the Hawaiian word wiki, meaning "quick") and encyclopedia. Wikipedia's articles provide links to guide the user to related pages with additional information.
Wikipedia is written collaboratively by largely anonymous Internet volunteers who write without pay. Anyone with Internet access can write and make changes to Wikipedia articles, except in limited cases where editing is restricted to prevent disruption or vandalism. Users can contribute anonymously, under a pseudonym, or, if they choose to, with their real identity.
The fundamental principles by which Wikipedia operates are the five pillars. The Wikipedia community has developed many policies and guidelines to improve the encyclopedia; however, it is not a formal requirement to be familiar with them before contributing.
Since its creation in 2001, Wikipedia has grown rapidly into one of the largest reference websites, attracting 470 million unique visitors monthly as of February 2012. There are more than 77,000 active contributors working on over 22,000,000 articles in 285 languages. As of today, there are 4,114,920 articles in English. Every day, hundreds of thousands of visitors from around the world collectively make tens of thousands of edits and create thousands of new articles to augment the knowledge held by the Wikipedia encyclopedia. (See the statistics page for more information.)
People of all ages, cultures and backgrounds can add or edit article prose, references, images and other media here. What is contributed is more important than the expertise or qualifications of the contributor. What will remain depends upon whether it fits within Wikipedia's policies, including being verifiable against a published reliable source, thereby excluding editors' opinions and beliefs and unreviewed research, and whether the content is free of copyright restrictions and contentious material about living people. Contributions cannot damage Wikipedia because the software allows easy reversal of mistakes and many experienced editors are watching to help ensure that edits are cumulative improvements. Begin by simply clicking the Edit link at the top of any editable page!
Wikipedia is a live collaboration differing from paper-based reference sources in important ways. Unlike printed encyclopedias, Wikipedia is continually created and updated, with articles on historic events appearing within minutes, rather than months or years. Older articles tend to grow more comprehensive and balanced; newer articles may contain misinformation, unencyclopedic content, or vandalism. Awareness of this aids obtaining valid information and avoiding recently added misinformation (seeWikipedia:Researching with Wikipedia)." Source -Wikipedia.com (ABOUT)
For the Article, "History of Spanish" It said: This page was last modified on 8 December 2012 at 15:29.
3. A History of the Spanish Language- Cambridge University Press. Here is the PDF that the website will take you to. It is published in the Library of Congress and was written by Ralph Penny, at Queen Mary University of London. I believe this to be the most reliable source because of the information about the Autor, Mr. Penny, and also based on the publisher and text itself. Here is some information that is provided about Mr. Ralph Penny:
History of Spanish, dialectology, language variation and change, sociolinguistics.
Ralph Penny, Professor Emeritus of Romance Philology and Research Professor, is currently participating in an extensive project aimed at digitizing the data collected by the researchers involved in the Atlas Lingüístico de la Península Ibérica (ALPI). Only one volume of maps has been published (in 1962), but with the recent discovery of the complete set of fieldworkers’ completed questionnaires, it has become possible for dialectologists and language historians to exploit an enormously rich source of data. Thanks to the work of David Heap at the University of Western Ontario, these completed questionnaires are now available on the web (at www.alpi.ca). However, they are currently only in photographic form, so that the archive is not searchable, and rather laborious to consult.
The current project, funded by the Spanish research council, and involving a number of scholars from Spain, Portugal and Canada, and myself, aims to agree a system of retranscription of the data, simplifying the enormously elaborate system used by the original investigators and converting it to the now-standard IPA system of phonetic transcription. A series of seminars are planned to take place in Madrid, to carry the project forward and set in train the web-based publication of a fully searchable data-set.
A further project comprises work on the distribution of linguistic features across the northern Peninsular dialect continuum, with the aim of clarifying the relationship there between isoglosses, politico-administrative boundaries, and language allegiances
A History of the Spanish Language:
Since we live in the Information Age, it is particularly important that teachers are able to access and evaluate information to prepare accurate, up-to-date lessons, and to teach their students the principles of electronic research. In this activity you will examine a variety of electronic references in your quest to acquire information for lessons or other professional activities.
****Beginning Spanish Class****
Google Translator is a very powerful tool. Especially for those students who are taking foreign language classes. They think that they have an easy out by just typing in all of their work to the translator, but they are very wrong. This tool is only as powerful as the knowledge that you need to have in order to use it. For example, in this screen shot the drop down menu on the right hand side of the screen is giving you several different options for the highlighted text on the left. Now, what the translator produces is not always correct hence the drop down menu. In Spanish, there are sometimes more than 1-3 ways to say something and the computer is giving you a chance to change the sentence that they have guessed for you. If a student fails to change their grammar, they did not know what they were doing in the first place because they would have realized that what the computer produced was incorrect. This software is quite amazing if you know what you're doing and if you know how to use it.
1. Immediate Information
2. Current Information always on the front page (abcnews.com, foxnews.com, etc)
3. Correct, Scholarly information from all over the globe (most likely not accessible in town library)
4. Online dictionaries and translation services offer rapid translations and definitions that would not be otherwise possible using a regular dictionary and look up words- word for word.
5. Access to maps and atlas' that are 3D, such as google earth and other maps.
6. Access to thousands of texts and databases
7. Ability to watch video clips/order movies/ etc. (for a daily lesson, etc) and not have to drag in the VCR player and waste time finding the clip on a VHS or DVD.
8. Students and teachers can have access to each other's information (emails, addresses, phone numbers, etc) and store them in their computers for future reference. There is no need to have carbon copies of this information.
9. Space is not an issue. There is no need to cabinets and other storing spaces for printed articles and research documents.
10. It is easier on the trees. There is no wasted paper since most of the work is done electronically. Emails alone must save millions of trees a year.
Teachers should be familiar with research related to the teaching of their discipline. The Educational Research Database (ERIC) and Scholar provides access to abstracts from numerous educational publications, and is the best place to start when conducting educational research.
1. ****A Test of the New Economic Geography****
Paluzie, E., Pons, J., Silvestre, J., & Daniel, A. T. (2009). Migrants and market potential in spain over the twentieth century: A test of the new economic geography. Spanish Economic Review, 11(4), 243-265. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10108-008-9052-8
SEE ATTACHED FILES FOR PDF
Bayo-Moriones, Alberto, Margarita Billón, and Fernando Lera-López. "Skills, Technology and Organizational Innovation in Spanish Firms." International Journal of Manpower 2008th ser. 29.2 (2008): 122-45. Emerald. Emerald Group Publishing Limited, 30 Nov. 2008. Web. 09 Dec. 2012.
SEE ATTACHED FILES FOR PDF
At many libraries, teachers can obtain cards which give them special privileges as educators, including the ability to check our more resources and keep them longer. Teachers can check out books, CDs, DVDs and and videos.
This video depicted a lot of collaboration and translation. There was English time and then there was Spanish time. The reason that I would not choose to implement this type of teaching in my classroom is because most of the students would be or are fluent in English, so they would almost always listen to the English and just let the Spanish slip by. There are no activities in this video where the children have to repeat (a significant amount of information-not just one-three words), and also there is no real drive for the students to learn the Spanish language. They seem to just be repeating the Spanish, but not really "playing the role" to make it as exciting at the English portion of the class.
1. Did each teacher mirror one another? Why or why not? If yes, what is the purpose of doing this?
2. What level of reading were these children listening to? Why?
3. Does this video show collaboration? If so, in which ways? If not, please justify?