Environment / Climate / Range
Marine; demersal; depth range 0 - 360 m (Ref. 9563), usually 0 - 200 m (Ref. 6390). Subtropical; 22°S - 39°S
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm ?, range 37 - ? cm
Max length : 100.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 9563); max. published weight: 3.5 kg (Ref. 27296); max. reported age: 9 years (Ref. 30466)
soft rays: 30 - 34. Whitish, pale yellowish brown, pale greyish brown or reddish, often with four brown stripes along sides; second dorsal and anal fins yellow; caudal fin rays yellowish brown, intervening membranes dusky. Pelvic fins rudimentary (Ref. 33839).
Eastern Indian Ocean: southern Australia, from Western Australia to New South Wales. The species is considered to be endemic to Australia, although a single specimen has been reported from New Zealand (Ref. 30464).
Adults are found on the continental shelf and slope, while juveniles school seasonally in inshore waters (Ref. 9563). Juvenile ocean jackets have been caught in seagrass, over bare sand and on rocky reefs (Ref. 6390). Adults however, tend to be absent from seagrass areas (Ref. 6390). Are carnivorous, feeding mainly on salps. Other food items in the diet include gastropod mollusks, crustaceans and fish (Ref. 30465). Sold as fresh trunks (Ref. 6390).
May, J.L. and J.G.H. Maxwell, 1986. Trawl fish from temperate waters of Australia. CSIRO Division of Fisheries Research, Tasmania. 492 p. (Ref. 9563)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 96402)
CITES (Ref. 94142)
Threat to humans
ReferencesAquacultureAquaculture profileStrainsGeneticsAllele frequenciesHeritabilityDiseasesProcessingMass conversion
Estimates of some properties based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82805
= 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01148 (0.00653 - 0.02018), b=2.83 (2.67 - 2.99), based on LWR estimates for species & (Sub)Family-body shape (Ref. 93245
Trophic Level (Ref. 69278
): 3.7 ±0.60 se; Based on food items.
Resilience (Ref. 69278
): Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (tm=2-4; tmax=9; Fec=700,000).
Vulnerability (Ref. 59153
): Moderate to high vulnerability (51 of 100) .