The rule of solubility says that like dissolves in like and vice versa. The polar solute dissolves in polar solvents and non-polar solute dissolves in non-polar solvent. In the following table water is a highly polar solvent and hexane is a nonpolar solvent. The fist alcohol, methanol is polar and hence it is soluble in polar solvent which is water and insoluble in hexane.
The ethanol is also a polar compound and hence it dissolves in polar solvent which is water and not in hexane. As the carbon chain in the alcohol increases the non polar character increases and the polar character decreases. Hence propanol is miscible in water as well as in the hexane.
In butanol the carbohydrate chain lengthens and hence the miscibility in water reduces still further. The non-polar character increases due to which butanol turns soluble in hexane. In case of pentanol the solubility decreases in water and increases in hexane as a result of long hydrocarbon chain.
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