Genetics March 12 CREATEDATE 5/1/09 12:40 PM March 12, 2009 ? Exam 3 info. start Correlation = R,r,p a. -1 ( p ( 1 b. Sign (+ or -) denoted in direction c. P2 is the measure of the magnitude of association 0 ( p ( 1 = no statistical correlation: no predictability Variance = an abstract number for the amount of individual difference on a trait h = correlation (Gvals, Pvals) e = correlation (Evals, Pvals) h2 = index of magnitude of genetic influences ?heritability? Heritability ? extent to which is attributed (observed) characteristics attribute to genetic influences = proportion of phenotypic variance attributable to genotypic variance e2 = index of magnitude of Environmental influences on the trait. = environmentability Pie Chart: e2 = 75% h2 = 25%: Rule #1 for genetics ? there is always environment. We cant measure genotypic and environmental values (i graph - ( = measure to which the genotypes are measured Relative: (: Mz (monozygotic twin, identical) 1 Dz, sibling, parent .5 Y2 Sib, uncle, nephew, g.parents .25 Adoptive 0 ( we don?t have a strong theory of the Environment. Observed correlations ( mathematical model of genes and environment and determine e and h r1 = (ih2 + nie2 r1 = relative 1. h2 + e2 =1 .46 = h2 + h(twins)e2 (Mz) .22 = .5h2 + n(twins)e2 (Dz)
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