US 7243461 B2
A hinge assembly for coupling a sliding door of a vehicle to a drive unit for sliding the sliding door from an open position to a closed position, the drive unit causing the hinge assembly to slide within a guide track as the door moves between the open position and the closed position, the hinge assembly comprising: a first hinge portion; a second hinge portion, the first hinge portion being pivotally secured to the second hinge portion; a cable attachment being secured to the second hinge portion; and a guide surface disposed on a surface of the first hinge portion, the guide surface being configured to make contact with a portion of a cable having an end secured to the cable attachment when the second hinge portion is in a first orientation with respect to the position of the first hinge portion and the cable no longer makes contact with the guide surface as the second hinge portion moves from the first orientation to a second orientation with respect to the first hinge portion.
1. A hinge assembly for coupling a sliding door to a vehicle for sliding the sliding door from an open position to a closed position, the hinge assembly sliding within a guide track as the door moves between the open position and the closed position, the hinge assembly comprising:
a first hinge portion;
a second hinge portion, said first hinge portion being pivotally secured to said second hinge portion;
a cable attachment being mounted on said second hinge portion; and
a guide surface disposed on a surface of said first hinge portion, said guide surface contacting a portion of a cable for sliding the sliding door between the open and closed positions when said second hinge portion is in a first orientation with respect to said first hinge portion and said cable no longer contacting said guide surface as said second hinge portion moves from said first orientation to a second orientation with respect to said first hinge portion;
wherein said cable has an end mounted to said cable attachment; and
wherein said cable attachment moves closer to said first hinge portion as said second hinge portion moves from said first orientation to said second orientation.
2. The hinge assembly as in
3. The hinge assembly as in
4. The hinge assembly as in
5. The hinge assembly as in
This application claims the benefit of U.S. provisional application Ser. No. 60/455,989 filed Mar. 19, 2003, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference thereto.
This application is also related to U.S. patent application ser. No. 10/798,733, filed contemporaneously with the present application, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference thereto.
The present application relates to vehicle doors and more particularly the present application relates to an apparatus and method for opening and closing a power sliding door.
A typical vehicle is manufactured with a plurality of openable doors. Each door is typically mounted on hinges within a door opening. Some larger vehicles have sliding doors that slide from an open position to closed position thus, egress and ingress of the vehicle is possible without requiring a large open area beside the vehicle to allow for pivoting of the door. This is particularly useful in parking lots where the area between the vehicles is typically not large enough to allow for full pivoting of the opening doors. Moreover, such sliding doors also allow the vehicles to have larger door openings.
Accordingly, sliding doors provide access to large door openings without requiring a large area adjacent to the vehicle which would be required for a door that pivots on its hinge. In one configuration, a power sliding door is supported and guided by an upper track, a center track and a lower track. An upper roller is attached to the power sliding door and travels in the upper track. A lower roller is attached to a lower portion of the sliding door and runs or travels in the lower track. A hinge and roller assembly is pivotally attached to a rear portion (e.g., towards the rear of the vehicle) of the door between the upper and lower portions of the door. The hinge and roller assembly is also received in the track to allow for sliding or movement of the door.
In addition to the usage of sliding doors in vehicles, power drive systems have been implemented wherein automatic opening, closing, locking and unlocking of the sliding door is facilitated through a drive system coupled to the sliding door. Presently, some sliding doors are driven through cables attached to the forward and aft sides of the center roller hinge (e.g., a hinge mounted towards the center of the door with respect to the upper and lower edges of the same). During installation on the vehicle, the cables are separately routed into the interior of the vehicle housing (e.g., between the inner and outer surfaces of the vehicle body) through holes in the sheet metal and are wrapped around pulleys of the power sliding door drive unit within the vehicle. These systems are complex, non-modular, cumbersome to install, and require the cables to be routed through the vehicle, the system, tensioned and then secured to the hinge during assembly of the system on the vehicle (e.g., on the assembly line).
The drive unit output force necessary to seal the door with the front cable attached to the center roller hinge is larger than the door seal force (e.g., the necessary seal force applied normal to the surface of the door or inwardly towards the vehicle from the exterior of the door). The aforementioned seal force refers to the force necessary to close the door when it is positioned over or about the door opening into which the door is received. The previously mentioned difference in required seal force is typically due to the inefficiency of transferring the force from the cable to the door via the center roller hinge/roller track/door interface.
In addition, non-modular power drive systems include many components that must be installed together on the assembly line. Accordingly, many power sliding doors and their associated non-modular drive systems require significant work to install on the assembly line as multiple separate components must be installed and tested during the vehicle assembly process. Moreover, the configuration of these systems effect the efficiency of the motor drive unit thereby requiring additional power to close the vehicle door as it slides in the guide tracks.
Accordingly, it is desirable to provide a power drive system for a vehicle sliding door that is efficient in transferring force to the sliding door and is easy to install. Moreover, it is desirable to provide a system that does not take up a large amount of space within the vehicle.
An apparatus and method for providing a sliding door mechanism having an efficient transference of closing forces to the sliding door, in one exemplary embodiment the apparatus comprises a hinge assembly for coupling a sliding door of a vehicle to a drive unit for sliding the sliding door from an open position to a closed position, the drive unit causing the hinge assembly to slide within a guide track as the door moves between the open position and the closed position, the hinge assembly comprising: a first hinge portion; a second hinge portion, the first hinge portion being pivotally secured to the second hinge portion; a cable attachment being secured to the second hinge portion; and a guide surface disposed on a surface of the first hinge portion, the guide surface being configured to make contact with a portion of a cable having an end secured to the cable attachment when the second hinge portion is in a first orientation with respect to the first hinge portion position and the cable no longer makes contact with the guide surface as the second hinge portion moves from the first orientation to a second orientation with respect to the first hinge portion.
In another exemplary embodiment, a drive assembly for a sliding door, comprises: a guide track having a curved portion disposed at one end; a hinge assembly comprising: a first hinge portion, a second hinge portion, the first hinge portion being pivotally secured to the second hinge portion; a cable attachment being secured to the second hinge portion; and a guide surface disposed on a surface of the first hinge portion, the guide surface being configured to make contact with a portion of a first cable having an end secured to the cable attachment when the second hinge portion is in a first orientation with respect to the first hinge portion position and the portion of the first cable no longer makes contact with the guide surface as the second hinge portion moves from the first orientation to a second orientation with respect to the first hinge portion; a second cable secured to the first hinge portion at one end; a drive unit for providing a tension to the first cable to cause the first hinge portion to travel within the guide track in a first direction and for providing a tension to the second cable to cause the first hinge portion to travel within the guide track in a second direction; wherein the second hinge portion moves from the first orientation to a second orientation as the first hinge portion travels in the curved portion of the guide track.
In yet another exemplary embodiment, a method is provided for closing a sliding door of a vehicle, the method comprising: aligning the door with a door opening of the vehicle; directly providing a pulling force to a rear portion of the door by a cable that is aligned with a surface of a pulley and the rear portion of the door, wherein the pulling force causes the door to travel inward into the door opening.
In yet another exemplary embodiment, a method for providing a closing force to a sliding door of a vehicle, comprises: securing one end of a cable to the sliding door; securing another end of the cable to the motor drive unit for providing a pulling force to the cable; pivotally securing a first hinge portion to a second hinge portion, the second hinge portion being secured to the sliding door and the first hinge portion being slidably received within a guide track having a curved portion; wherein the cable makes contact with a guide member of the first hinge portion when the first hinge portion is not traveling within the curved portion and wherein a direct force is applied to a portion of the sliding door when the first hinge portion is traveling in the curved portion and the cable no longer makes contact with the guide member.
Exemplary embodiments of the present invention relate to an apparatus and method for providing an efficient transfer of a door closing and opening force to a sliding door. In particular an assembly and method is provided wherein efficient transference of a door seal force is achieved.
Prior apparatus and methods for providing and/or effectuating moving of a sliding door of a vehicle are found in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,046,283; 5,313,795; 5,319,880; 5,319,881; 5,323,570; 6,390,535; 6,464,287; 6,481,783; and 6,561,569 the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference thereto.
An exemplary embodiment of the present invention provides a means for providing an efficient seal force transfer. In addition, the overall size of the unit is reduced thereby decreasing the associated manufacturing costs. In one embodiment, the system will be modular so that all the components needed for the power sliding door drive unit will be attached to either the center or lower track of the vehicle. This allows for an easy slide in assembly sequence for the vehicle assembly line. The system will also keep valuable space in the door and rear quarter available for other items in a vehicle.
Referring now to
Referring now to
Door track 26 defines a channel 30 for slidably receiving a first hinge portion 32 of hinge assembly 28. Door track 26 can be manufactured out of a steel stamping of any equivalent thereof wherein the curvature of the track is easily defined as well as the configuration of the channel. The door track is configured to be installed as a complete unit into the vehicle or may comprise multiple pieces. The door track will have a curved portion 33 that corresponds to the curvature of the vehicle about the vehicle door opening, in order to facilitate sliding of the door into and out of the door opening. For example, if the guide track and motor drive unit is used to provide a closing force via a center guide track, the motor drive unit will pull directly on the rear portion of the door via a cable secured directly to a rear portion of the door in order to close the door and curved portion 33 will wrap around the “C” pillar of the vehicle (e.g., the periphery of the vehicle door opening). Alternatively, and when the lower guide track is used to provide the motor drive unit the closing force is provided via a cable secured to a front portion of the sliding door as the guide track is partially disposed below the vehicle door opening and a portion of the curved portion will be located prior to and partially behind the “B” pillar. As referred to directly above “rear portion” and “front portion” of the door is understood to correspond to a forward portion or rear portion of the vehicle.
It is also understood that the length and degree or arc of the curvature of curved portion 33 will vary depending on vehicle types, or design and the location of the guide track (e.g., center or lower guide track, for example, some vehicle body types require a shorter length and a greater degree of arc or curvature for a center guide track as opposed to a lower guide track (longer length, smaller degree of arc or curvature).
One method or means for allowing first hinge portion 32 to be slidably received within channel 30 is to provide rollers 34, which will allow hinge portion 32 to slide therein. Alternatively, and in order to provide the sliding movement of first hinge portion 32 within guide track 26, a sliding guide block or other equivalent item is provided to achieve the sliding movement of portion 32 within guide track 26. Thus, alternative means other than rollers 34 are contemplated to be within the scope of the present invention. Also, portion 32 is pivotally secured to a second hinge portion or mounting portion 36 of hinge assembly 28. The pivotal securement of portions 32 and 36 will allow for the proper movement of the sliding door as it moves along the contour of track 26, which is configured to match the contour of the vehicle.
It is, of course, understood that the hinge assembly 28 may comprise a single unit with the pivotal movement being facilitated by the securement of one end to the door and the other end to the track. In this embodiment, the second hinge portion would be a portion of the sliding door or integrally formed with the sliding door. Hinge assembly 28 further comprises a cable attachment portion 35 (
In an exemplary embodiment, the system comprises a pair of cables 38 and 39 which are secured to hinge assembly 28. One cable is a rear cable 38 secured to the first hinge portion and the other is a forward cable 39 secured to the cable attachment 35 or alternatively the second hinge portion. The other ends of the cables are each secured to a single drum 40 of a motor drive unit 42. The cables are attached to either side of the drum such that while one cable raps off the drum the other will rap on. The cables also passes through conduits 44 and 46. Conduits 44 and 46 extend out from the housing of motor drive unit 42 in opposite directions. Conduits 44 and 46 provide a means for protecting the cables from being damaged or interfered with as they wrap onto and off of cable drum 40. Alternatively, the system may be constructed without the cable conduits.
Disposed at either end of the track is a pair of cable pulleys 48 and 50. Pulleys 48 and 50 are rotatably mounted to the ends of track 26. Pulleys 48 and 50 allow the cable to transition from the conduit into the channels of track 26 and ultimately to cable tensioners or alternatively the cables are directly secured to a portion of hinge assembly 28. The cables extend out to the hinge assembly and/or door where they are attached to the same through spring tensioners 56 and 58. An intended purpose of tensioners 56 and 58 is to allow for the carrying length of cable needed throughout the sliding door's travel, especially through the bend in the track (e.g., the bend portion of the track necessary to transition the sliding door into its fully closed position). Again, it is contemplated that the system can be constructed without cable tensioners. The purpose of the tensioners is to allow for a varying length of cable needed throughout the sliding door's travel, especially through the bend in the track where increased forces may be required to pull the door into a locked position. Pulleys 48 and 50 are disposed within pulley housings 52 and 54, respectively. Housings 52 and 54 enclose and protect the pulleys and the cable from debris and contaminates that may affect performance of the same (e.g., increase resistance or cause undesirable noise or vibrations).
Accordingly, the cable pulleys provide a means for guiding and completing the cable loop which causes the desired movement of the hinge assembly. As discussed above the movement of the hinge is facilitated by winding one of the cables onto the cable drum while allowing the other cable to unwind therefrom thus, allowing the hinge to slide within the track.
Motor drive unit 42 provides the necessary driving force for the modular system 24. More particularly, motor drive unit 42 provides the force for rotating cable drum 40 in order to effect the desired movement of hinge 28 and ultimately sliding door 14.
It is noted that the unit illustrated in
As illustrated in
As illustrated in
The motor drive unit further comprises an electromagnetic clutch comprising a stationary coil 70 for generating an electromagnetic field in order to couple or uncouple a first friction plate or rotor 72 to another friction plate or armature or other equivalent item 73 wherein rotation of shaft 68 by motor 60 will determine whether output gear 40 will be driven by motor 60. In this embodiment friction plate 73 is configured to rotate with cable drum 40 or in other words rotation of friction plate 73 causes rotation of cable drum 40. Accordingly, motor 60 will drive or rotate first friction plate or rotor 72 and the cable drum will not be rotated until the coil is energized and the two friction plates engage each other thereby causing rotation of cable drum 40 and ultimately movement of hinge 28. The attraction of the two friction plates is caused by the electromagnetic field or magnetic flux generated by coil 70 as is known in the related arts.
Thus, when the electromagnetic clutch is engaged the door can be powered open or closed. When the clutch is released or the electromagnetic clutch is not engaged the door can be moved freely because the cable drum is allowed to move freely as there will be no frictional engagement between the two surfaces of armature 73 and rotor 72. It is of course understood that other clutch devices may be employed with the present invention as long as the require performance criteria are met.
In order to operate the power sliding door of vehicle 10 it is contemplated that a sensing system will be installed in vehicle 10 such that signals received will cause motor drive unit 42 to open or close the door. The sensing system will provide the necessary signals to a control module or microprocessor having an algorithm for executing commands pursuant to signals received from the sensors. An example of a sensor and controller arrangement can be found in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,263,762; 5,350,986; 5,396,158; 5,434,487; and 6,247,373 the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference thereto. It is of course understood that the aforementioned U.S. patents merely provide examples of sensor and controller arrangements capable of being used with the present invention.
In accordance with an alternative exemplary embodiment guide track 26 is configured to define a cavity for receipt of the housing of the motor drive unit thus, and in this embodiment the modular drive unit will have an exterior profile or external dimensions that are no larger than those required for a guide track without a motor unit disposed therein or thereon.
In one embodiment wherein all of the aforementioned components are attached to the guide track it is easy for an operator on the vehicle assembly line to take the entire unit and slide it into the appropriate track areas and attach it with fasteners, which pass through predetermined mounting openings located on the guide track. Accordingly, the modular drive unit allows the same to be installed in the vehicle with significantly less steps than many other current power sliding doors as no other mechanical components are required. Thus, assembly 24 is located in its proper position and is secured by passing bolts or other securement means through pre-arranged drill holes.
In addition, and since the modular unit is self contained operation of the drive unit and movement of the hinge within track 26 can be manufactured tested and assembled at a location remote to where the unit is installed in the vehicle. Therefore, efficient practices for manufacturing modular system 24 are capable of being performed (e.g., drive unit testing) prior to the shipment and installation of the same in the vehicle.
Referring now to
An exemplary embodiment attaches the front cable directly to the door by means of guiding the cable around a surface defined by a guide member 74 of hinge assembly 28. In one exemplary embodiment guide member 74 is mounted or integrally formed to protrude from a surface of first hinge portion 32. For example, in one non-limiting exemplary embodiment pinch portion 32 and guide member 74 may be formed from a stamped steel member or alternatively a casting process. Of course, other manufacturing processes are considered to be within the scope of the present invention. As illustrated, guide member 74 provides a curved surface such that a portion of cable 39 makes contact with a surface of guide member 74 as the door is in an open position (
As the door moves into a closed position, second hinge portion 36 pivots with respect to first hinge portion 32 such that cable 39 no longer makes contact with guide member 74.
In this position it is now possible to directly provide a pulling force (via cable 39) on the sliding door in a direction generally indicated by arrow 76. As illustrated in
As illustrated in
Cable connector 35 provides a means for securing an end of cable 39 to sliding door 14. In addition, and in an alternative exemplary embodiment cable connector 35 also provides a means for securing second hinge portion 36 to door 14 by passing a plurality of securing members 79 through and secured to a plurality of openings and cable connector 35, second hinge portion 36 and door 14. For example, securing members 79 may comprise bolts, screws, etc. for providing a means for securing items to door 14 as well as each other.
In an exemplary embodiment, the position of hinge portion 36 in
In order to open and close a door, a fork bolt of the door locking mechanism travels from an open position (not shown) to an intermediary secondary position (
Accordingly, an in accordance with an exemplary embodiment, the configuration of first hinge portion 32, second hinge portion 36 and guide member 74 are such that the direct pulling of cable 39 upon door 14 occurs when the door is in a position when the latching mechanism is also in a secondary position (e.g., between an open position and a primary (locked position) when the striker is partially engaged by an opening of the fork bolt. This direct pulling in this position allows a more efficient transference of the door sealed force as opposed to pulling on another portion of first hinge portion 32. Thus, the overall motor size may be reduced. Moreover, the corresponding range of movement of the door when the latching mechanism is in the secondary position will typically correspond to the door being aligned with the vehicle door opening, thus only inward movement into the door opening is required and by providing a direct pulling force on the rear portion of the door efficient transference of the door sealing force is provided.
It is also understood, that the positions of first hinge portion 32 and second hinge portion 36 (illustrated in
It is also understood, and in yet another alternative embodiment the positions of first hinge portion 32 and second hinge portion 36 (illustrated in
It is also noted that pulley 48 in
In addition, and when second hinge portion 36 has rotated or pivoted to the position illustrated in
Initial testing has shown a reduction in the force required to seal the door between 30-40 percent of the original force required to seal the door. By reducing this force many benefits are realized. First, the cable diameter can be reduced because the seal force has been reduced. Second, and when the cable diameter has been reduced the minimum bending diameter the cable is reduced. This allows the pulleys and cable drums to have smaller dimensions. Also, the lower closing force allows the components of the motor drive unit to be reduced in size as lower outputs are required.
This also allows a smaller pulley 48 to be mounted or located on the “C” pillar or behind the “B” pillar depending on usage of either the lower guide track or the center guide track of the vehicle thus, reducing the impact of the pulley on the real estate of the vehicle. In addition, by reducing the amount of force necessary to seal or cinch the door the motor and clutch size is capable of being reduced thereby reducing the cost and weight added by these components.
By connecting cable 39 directly to the vehicle door or cable connector 35 the overall length of cable 39 is larger than if the cable was connected to the first hinge portion 32. Accordingly, drum 41 in one exemplary embodiment is configured to have the profile or configuration illustrated in
Referring now to
In yet another alternative embodiment, surface 90 of first hinge portion 32 will comprise a material having a low coefficient of friction or smooth surface such as a polymeric material.
While the invention has been described with reference to an exemplary embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the invention. In addition, many modifications may be made to adapt a particular situation or material to the teachings of the invention without departing from the essential scope thereof. Therefore, it is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiment disclosed as the best mode contemplated for carrying out this invention, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the present application.