Stratford, urban town (township), Fairfield county, southwestern Connecticut, U.S., on Long Island Sound and the Housatonic River just east of Bridgeport. The original site was a Pequannock Indian tract called Cupheag (“Harbour”). European settlers arrived in 1639, and in 1643 their settlement was named for either Stratford-upon-Avon or Stratford-le-Bow, England. Confirmation of land titles and boundaries was granted by patent in 1685. Stratford has several pre-Revolutionary War houses, including the Captain David Judson House (built c. 1750) and Museum. Early economic activities were shipbuilding and oyster fishing. Diversified manufactures now include aircraft products, helicopters, industrial machinery, and machine tools. The American Shakespeare Theatre is located there. Area 18 square miles (46 square km). Pop. (2000) 49,976; (2010) 51,384.