General Data Dissemination System
|I. Data Characteristics|
5.1.1 Statistical presentation
Characteristics of the poor: household composition and size; income and access to credit; Sources of income; consumption; assets (physical and social).
3.1.1 Source data collection programs
Poverty related statistics are contained in several poverty studies including the welfare monitoring surveys and Participatory Poverty Assessments (PPAs) undertaken by the Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS) Now Kenya National Bureau of Statistics (KNBS) and the Human Resources Social Services Department of the Ministry of Finance and Planning, in collaboration with International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), and Overseas Development Administration (ODA) Participatory Methodologies Forum of Kenya (PAMFORK) in 1994, 1996, 2001and the recent – ILRI 2006.
Indicators in Kenya's Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper (PRSP); Kenya's full PRSP was an outcome of broad based and all inclusive consultative process. The consultation leading to the PRSP took place at the National Provincial and district levels, and involved all stakeholders; namely the Government, Private Sector, NGOs and Civil Society and Development partners. It comprised sector-working groups and thematic working groups on cross cutting issues such as people with disability, youth, gender, and monitoring and evaluation.
3.1.2 Source data definitions, scope, classifications, valuation, and time of recordingThe poverty indicators include the incidence and depth of poverty. It also includes the definition of poverty (food, absolute, and hardcore poverty), types of poverty lines, index of economic welfare, food and non-food poverty, and distribution of poverty by geographic areas in the country (rural and urban poverty, district poverty ranking, and trends of food poverty in the rural and urban areas.
The outcomes of the Participatory Poverty Assessment (PPAs) in 1994-PPA I, 1996-PPA II, 2001 PPA III, PPA IV 2005/06 and the Kenya Participatory Impact Monitoring 2001, 2002, 2003 (the PPA III for 2001, which was not a full assessment, was designed for the PRSP) are used to enrich the information about people's perception about poverty. PPA IV 2005/06 was to measure poverty dynamics in Kenya while assessing the extent to which households move in and out poverty over time
The other source of poverty information is the consultative process which was held in all 70 districts. The in-depth consultations held in 25 districts complemented quantitative poverty measurements contained in the various household surveys. The PPA III was held in 10 districts. These in-depth consultations created deep understanding on the perception, dimensions and depth of poverty by different geographic location.
3.3.1 Source data statistical techniques
Data from the 1999 Population Census has been combined Statistically with the 1997 WMS results through econometric models to produce poverty estimates for up to location levels in volume I of the report titled ‘Geographical Dimensions of well-being in Kenya’. This report includes high-resolution maps showing the poverty differentials up to location level. This was a collaborative effort between CBS, WB, ILRI, Rockfeller Foundation and World Resources Institute. The Geographic Dimensions of Well-Being in Kenya, Volume II: Who and Where are the Poor? A Constituency Level Profile, was produced and launched in 2005.The second Volume presents poverty and inequality estimates for each constituency in Kenya. Using Kenya Integrated Household Budget Survey (KIHBS) Data, two reports have been Produced Basic Report which presents demographics, housing, education, health, agriculture and livestock, enterprises. The second report is Basic Report on Well-Being in Kenya which present poverty measures.
4.1.1 PeriodicityOn average poverty related statistics have been collected and published within periods of 2-3 years. For example the first Welfare Monitoring Survey was conducted in 1992 (WMS I), followed by others in 1994 (WMS II), 1997 (WMS III) respectively, and other household based surveys that generated poverty data such as Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) conducted in the year 2000. The WMS II and WMS III poverty reports were published in 1998 and 2000 respectively. The MICS preliminary report was published in 2000. The publication of the MICS Full report is underway. The KIHBS 2005/06 reports where published in 2007 within a year after the survey. KIHBS 2005/06 reports were launch in March 2007. Dissemination plans are underway.
4.1.2 TimelinessIn the past there were delays, varying from two (2) to eight (8) years, between the time the survey was completed and the time it took to complete the analysis and disseminate the same to the public. The main problem has been lack of provisions for immediate analysis after the survey and the resources needed to undertake the dissemination of the survey outcomes. Currently , with the establishment of Poverty Analysis and Research Unit (PARU), reports are produced within a period of less than a year
|Documentation of Methodology
5.2.1 Dissemination of documentation on concepts, scope, classifications, basis of recording, data sources, and statistical techniquesIn each of the published reports there is a chapter dedicated to survey methodology applied including the design, execution and analysis of the survey information. In this chapter the sample size and standard errors are generated and analyzed as a measure of quality checks.
Data to Support Cross-checks and Assurance of Reasonablenes
4.2.1 Internal consistencyThe reports published provide opportunities to cross-check on a number of tables which are done by various categories such as regions, districts and sectors.
|III. Plans for Improvement|
Plans for improvement - Recent improvements
In addition to the location level poverty estimates, collaborative efforts undertaken through some econometric models culminated in the production of Volume II of the poverty reports showing constituency level poverty estimates titled ‘Who and where are the poor?’.
A Participatory Poverty Assessment (PPA IV) that will give a deeper understanding on the poverty issues is in the last phase of Data collection. Within the PRSP framework PPAs were conducted and these have been used to update the previous PPAs.
Formation of sectoral working groups to come up with indicators for the M & E is under way.
Plans for improvement - Short-term
Technical Assistance/Financing Needs/Other Prerequisites
Plans for improvement - TA/financing needs - Short-term
Training of two (2) officers in poverty measurement and analysis (projected for 2008)
Plans for improvement - TA/financing needs - Medium-termTraining of five (5) officers in monitoring and evaluation skills, including quality control in the light of Vision 2030.
|IV. Dissemination Formats|
“Economic Survey” (English)
First Poverty Report in Kenya, 1998 (English)
Volume I: Incidence and depth of poverty, June 1998
Second Poverty Report in Kenya, 2000 (English)
Volume I: Incidence and depth of poverty, June 2000
Popular Version: December, 2000
The Kenya Participatory Impact Monitoring 2001, 2002, 2003
The Citizen Report Card 2002, 2003
The Geographic Dimensions of Well-Being in Kenya, Volume I: Where are the Poor? From Districts to Locations, 2003
The Geographic Dimensions of Well-Being in Kenya, Volume II: Who and Where are the Poor? A Constituency Level Profile, 2005
Kenya Integrated Household Budget Survey (KIHBS) Basic Report , 2007
Kenya Integrated Household Budget Survey (KIHBS) Basic Report on Well-Being in Kenya , 2007
Economic Survey, Poverty reports Volume I
Access: Dissemination Formats: OtherFlash Memory
Access: Dissemination Formats: CD ROMPoverty reports Volume I
Access: Dissemination Formats: DisketteOn request