Which type of transport is responsible for maintaining the voltage potential across the cell membrane?
Why are ATPases used in active transport?
They allow the systems to use the energy from ATP to power the transfer of material against the concentration gradient
A phospholipid bilayer that surrounds the cytoplasm of a prokaryotic cell is known as the _____________.
- cytoplasmic membrane.
- cell membrane.
- plasma membrane.
Peripheral proteins are involved in _______________.
2. recognition sites.
Integral proteins _________________________.
span the entire lipid bilayer AND can be used in transport of molecules.
Which of the following is true?
- Water can freely pass through the cell membrane.
- Water can pass through a protein channel.
- Alcohol can pass freely through the cell membrane.
- It is composed of a glycerol and a fatty acid.
- It is hydrophilic.
- It is negatively charged.
Which of the following scenarios would be considered bacterial motility?
a bacterium swimming away from a high concentration of a toxic compound
Which of the following bacteria would have axial filaments?
treponema spirochetes in a syphilis chancre
Which of the following are structures that make up the flagella?
2. basal body
How do eukaryotic flagella differ from prokaryotic flagella?
The filament of a eukaryotic flagellum is covered by a membrane
Which of the following is true regarding the basal body of bacterial flagella?
It may have two or four rings if the bacterium is Gram-positive or Gram-negative, respectively
Pathogenic bacteria _______________________.
can be identified and classified by differences in their flagellar proteins
What is the role of the basal body?
1. to rotate the flagella 360 degrees
2. to cause the bacteria to make a run
3. to cause the bacterium to tumble
Which of the following terms refers to a bacterium moving toward a carbon source for food?
A bacterium tumbles ___________________.
- more frequently as it moves toward a negative stimulus.
- when the flagella rotate clockwise.
How does a bacterium "know" when a light source is present?
The bacterium contains receptors that are sensitive to the light.
Which of the following refers to a bacterium with a tuft of flagella at one end of the cell?
Which of the following statements regarding bacterial flagella is true?
When the flagellum or flagella rotate counterclockwise, the bacterium runs
Which of the following is a property of axial filaments?
1. They are located between the cell membranes and outer membranes.
2. They do not protrude from the cell wall.
3. They cause the bacterium to corkscrew through the medium.
cause diseases like Lyme disease AND are spiral-shaped bacteria.
Which of the following molecules can freely pass through the cytoplasmic membrane?
dissolved oxygen AND simple alcohols
What characteristic contributes to the membrane's ability to block the passage of some molecules?
Passive transport does not require ATP because _________________________________.
it occurs along the electrochemical gradient.
Which of the following would require the use of a protein channel to assist in transport into and out of the cell
Which of the following are forms of passive transport?
2. specific facilitated diffusion
3. nonspecific facilitated diffusion
- Dissolve oxygen moves from high concentrations to low concentrations.
- Dissolve oxygen will travel along its concentration gradient until equilibrium is reached.
- Dissolve oxygen can pass freely through the cytoplasmic membrane.
ATP is not required in passive transport of a chemical because ________________________________.
it occurs along that chemical's concentration gradient.
What is the function of permeases in specific facilitated diffusion?
It permits only one type of molecule to pass through the cytoplasmic membrane.
If a cell is placed in a high salt environment, what is likely to happen?
The cell will lose its interior water, shrivel up, and die.
Which of the following methods of passive transport does not require a permease?
- simple diffusion
Why does active transport require the expenditure of energy?
Active transport involves the transfer of material against the concentration gradient.
What is a characteristic that all forms of active transport share?
They use transport proteins to facilitate the transport of material