A system consisting
of two perpendicular number lines where a point is represented by
an ordered pair of real numbers. The point of intersection is call
the origin (0, 0). For example, in the picture
shown below, we plot (3, 2), where 3 is the x-coordinate and 2 is
Cartesian coordinates were first introduced in the 17th century
by French mathematician, Rene Descartes
of a Circle
Point from which
all the points on its circumference are equidistant.
a fraction of 100th of the initial units of the international system.
A straight line
segment connecting two points on a curve or surface and lying between
around a circle, the circumference for a circle of radius
r is .
situation in which a polygon can be completely enclosed by a circle
that passed through all the vertices of the polygon. The term can
be extended to other figures, including solids.
A set of real
numbers lying between and including its endpoints, for example
or constant multiplier of the variables in an algebraic term.
Example : Coefficient of is -3a
Three or more
points in the plane are collinear if there exists a line passing
A vertical array
of a subset of objects from a set without regarding order. The number
of selections of r different items from n distinguishable
items when the order of selection is ignored. Denoted by it has the
An integer that
is exactly divisible by all the denominators of a set of fractions.
For example the fractions
have common denominator 12,24,36,48,etc. The least common denominator
(LCD) is the lowest such number, in this case 12.
A number or
a polynomial that is a factor of each of a given set.
An integer or
a polynomial that is an integral multiple of each in a given
property of a binary operation for which the result does not depend
on the order that is performed. Addition and multiplication
of numbers are commutative operations since and , but subtraction
and division are not, since and .
To solve quadratic
equations by replacing the quadratic expression
A fraction whose
numerator or denominator contains fractions.
Working With Fractions
A number, a
letter or an expression that that has a fixed value.
A system of
equations is consistent if it has one or infinitely many solutions.
For example the equations x+ y = 5 and
2x+y=7 are consistent , since they are satisfied by
x=2 and y=3. For the contrary the equations x +
y =5 and x+ y =7 are inconsistent, since
there is no pair of values of x and y that satisfies
both equations simultaneously, they are parallel lines.
System of Linear
A solid with
six identical square sides that are mutually perpendicular.
Areas and Volumes
quantity, or expression whose cube is a given number, quantity,
or expression. For example, .