.\" Copyright (c) 2002 Tim J. Robbins. .\" All rights reserved. .\" .\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without .\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions .\" are met: .\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. .\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the .\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. .\" .\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND .\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE .\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE .\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE .\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL .\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS .\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) .\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT .\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY .\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF .\" SUCH DAMAGE. .\" .\" $FreeBSD: src/usr.bin/newgrp/newgrp.1,v 1.3 2005/01/17 07:44:25 ru Exp $ .\" .Dd May 23, 2002 .Dt NEWGRP 1 .Os .Sh NAME .Nm newgrp .Nd change to a new group .Sh SYNOPSIS .Nm .Op Fl l .Op Ar group .Sh DESCRIPTION The .Nm utility creates a new shell execution environment with modified real and effective group IDs. .Pp The options are as follows: .Bl -tag -width indent .It Fl l Simulate a full login. The environment and umask are set to what would be expected if the user actually logged in again. .El .Pp If the .Ar group operand is present, a new shell is started with the specified effective and real group IDs. The user will be prompted for a password if they are not a member of the specified group. .Pp Otherwise, the real, effective and supplementary group IDs are restored to those from the current user's password database entry. .Sh EXIT STATUS The .Nm utility attempts to start the shell regardless of whether group IDs were successfully changed. .Pp If an error occurs and the shell cannot be started, .Nm exits >0. Otherwise, the exit status of .Nm is the exit status of the shell. .Sh SEE ALSO .Xr csh 1 , .Xr groups 1 , .Xr login 1 , .Xr sh 1 , .Xr su 1 , .Xr umask 1 , .Xr group 5 , .Xr passwd 5 , .Xr environ 7 .Sh STANDARDS The .Nm utility conforms to .St -p1003.1-2001 . .Sh HISTORY A .Nm utility appeared in .At v6 . .Sh BUGS Group passwords are inherently insecure as there is no way to stop users obtaining the crypted passwords from the group database. Their use is discouraged.