Summary: ATP synthase (F/14-kDa) subunit
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This is the Wikipedia entry entitled "ATP6V1F". More...
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ATP6V1F Edit Wikipedia article
|ATPase, H+ transporting, lysosomal 14kDa, V1 subunit F|
|RNA expression pattern|
This gene encodes a component of vacuolar ATPase (V-ATPase), a multisubunit enzyme that mediates acidification of eukaryotic intracellular organelles. V-ATPase dependent organelle acidification is necessary for such intracellular processes as protein sorting, zymogen activation, receptor-mediated endocytosis, and synaptic vesicle proton gradient generation. V-ATPase is composed of a cytosolic V1 domain and a transmembrane V0 domain. The V1 domain consists of three A and three B subunits, two G subunits plus the C, D, E, F, and H subunits. The V1 domain contains the ATP catalytic site. The V0 domain consists of five different subunits: a, c, c', c", and d. Additional isoforms of many of the V1 and V0 subunit proteins are encoded by multiple genes or alternatively spliced transcript variants. This encoded protein is the V1 domain F subunit protein.
Subunit F is a 16 kDa protein that is required for the assembly and activity of V-ATPase, and has a potential role in the differential targeting and regulation of the enzyme for specific organelles. This subunit is not necessary for the rotation of the ATPase V1 rotor, but it does promote catalysis.
- Fujiwara T, Kawai A, Shimizu F, Hirano H, Okuno S, Takeda S, Ozaki K, Shimada Y, Nagata M, Watanabe T, et al. (Mar 1996). "Cloning, sequencing and expression of a novel cDNA encoding human vacuolar ATPase (14-kDa subunit)". DNA Res 2 (3): 107–11. doi:10.1093/dnares/2.3.107. PMID 8581736.
- Peng SB, Crider BP, Tsai SJ, Xie XS, Stone DK (Jun 1996). "Identification of a 14-kDa subunit associated with the catalytic sector of clathrin-coated vesicle H+-ATPase". J Biol Chem 271 (6): 3324–7. doi:10.1074/jbc.271.6.3324. PMID 8621738.
- "Entrez Gene: ATP6V1F ATPase, H+ transporting, lysosomal 14kDa, V1 subunit F".
- Imamura H, Ikeda C, Yoshida M, Yokoyama K (April 2004). "The F subunit of Thermus thermophilus V1-ATPase promotes ATPase activity but is not necessary for rotation". J. Biol. Chem. 279 (17): 18085–90. doi:10.1074/jbc.M314204200. PMID 14963028.
- Finbow ME, Harrison MA (1997). "The vacuolar H+-ATPase: a universal proton pump of eukaryotes". Biochem. J. 324 (3): 697–712. PMC 1218484. PMID 9210392.
- Stevens TH, Forgac M (1998). "Structure, function and regulation of the vacuolar (H+)-ATPase". Annu. Rev. Cell Dev. Biol. 13: 779–808. doi:10.1146/annurev.cellbio.13.1.779. PMID 9442887.
- Nelson N, Harvey WR (1999). "Vacuolar and plasma membrane proton-adenosinetriphosphatases". Physiol. Rev. 79 (2): 361–85. PMID 10221984.
- Forgac M (1999). "Structure and properties of the vacuolar (H+)-ATPases". J. Biol. Chem. 274 (19): 12951–4. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.19.12951. PMID 10224039.
- Kane PM (1999). "Introduction: V-ATPases 1992-1998". J. Bioenerg. Biomembr. 31 (1): 3–5. doi:10.1023/A:1001884227654. PMID 10340843.
- Wieczorek H, Brown D, Grinstein S, et al. (1999). "Animal plasma membrane energization by proton-motive V-ATPases". Bioessays 21 (8): 637–48. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1521-1878(199908)21:8<637::AID-BIES3>3.0.CO;2-W. PMID 10440860.
- Nishi T, Forgac M (2002). "The vacuolar (H+)-ATPases--nature's most versatile proton pumps". Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. 3 (2): 94–103. doi:10.1038/nrm729. PMID 11836511.
- Kawasaki-Nishi S, Nishi T, Forgac M (2003). "Proton translocation driven by ATP hydrolysis in V-ATPases". FEBS Lett. 545 (1): 76–85. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(03)00396-X. PMID 12788495.
- Morel N (2004). "Neurotransmitter release: the dark side of the vacuolar-H+ATPase". Biol. Cell 95 (7): 453–7. doi:10.1016/S0248-4900(03)00075-3. PMID 14597263.
- Cross SH, Charlton JA, Nan X, Bird AP (1994). "Purification of CpG islands using a methylated DNA binding column". Nat. Genet. 6 (3): 236–44. doi:10.1038/ng0394-236. PMID 8012384.
- Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
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This tab holds the annotation information that is stored in the Pfam database. As we move to using Wikipedia as our main source of annotation, the contents of this tab will be gradually replaced by the Wikipedia tab.
ATP synthase (F/14-kDa) subunit Provide feedback
Peng SB, Crider BP, Tsai SJ, Xie XS, Stone DK; , J Biol Chem 1996;271:3324-3327.: Identification of a 14-kDa subunit associated with the catalytic sector of clathrin-coated vesicle H+-ATPase. PUBMED:8621738 EPMC:8621738
Wilms R, Freiberg C, Wegerle E, Meier I, Mayer F, Muller V; , J Biol Chem 1996;271:18843-18852.: Subunit structure and organization of the genes of the A1A0 ATPase from the Archaeon Methanosarcina mazei Go1. PUBMED:8702544 EPMC:8702544
External database links
This tab holds annotation information from the InterPro database.
InterPro entry IPR008218
Transmembrane ATPases are membrane-bound enzyme complexes/ion transporters that use ATP hydrolysis to drive the transport of protons across a membrane. Some transmembrane ATPases also work in reverse, harnessing the energy from a proton gradient, using the flux of ions across the membrane via the ATPase proton channel to drive the synthesis of ATP.
There are several different types of transmembrane ATPases, which can differ in function (ATP hydrolysis and/or synthesis), structure (e.g., F-, V- and A-ATPases, which contain rotary motors) and in the type of ions they transport [PUBMED:15473999, PUBMED:15078220]. The different types include:
- F-ATPases (F1F0-ATPases), which are found in mitochondria, chloroplasts and bacterial plasma membranes where they are the prime producers of ATP, using the proton gradient generated by oxidative phosphorylation (mitochondria) or photosynthesis (chloroplasts).
- V-ATPases (V1V0-ATPases), which are primarily found in eukaryotic vacuoles and catalyse ATP hydrolysis to transport solutes and lower pH in organelles.
- A-ATPases (A1A0-ATPases), which are found in Archaea and function like F-ATPases (though with respect to their structure and some inhibitor responses, A-ATPases are more closely related to the V-ATPases).
- P-ATPases (E1E2-ATPases), which are found in bacteria and in eukaryotic plasma membranes and organelles, and function to transport a variety of different ions across membranes.
- E-ATPases, which are cell-surface enzymes that hydrolyse a range of NTPs, including extracellular ATP.
The V-ATPases (or V1V0-ATPase) and A-ATPases (or A1A0-ATPase) are each composed of two linked complexes: the V1 or A1 complex contains the catalytic core that hydrolyses/synthesizes ATP, and the V0 or A0 complex that forms the membrane-spanning pore. The V- and A-ATPases both contain rotary motors, one that drives proton translocation across the membrane and one that drives ATP synthesis/hydrolysis [PUBMED:11309608, PUBMED:15629643, PUBMED:15168615]. The V- and A-ATPases more closely resemble one another in subunit structure than they do the F-ATPases, although the function of A-ATPases is closer to that of F-ATPases.
This entry represents subunit F found in the V1 complex of V-ATPases (both eukaryotic and bacterial), as well as in the A1 complex of A-ATPases. Subunit F is a 16 kDa protein that is required for the assembly and activity of V-ATPase, and has a potential role in the differential targeting and regulation of the enzyme for specific organelles. This subunit is not necessary for the rotation of the ATPase V1 rotor, but it does promote catalysis [PUBMED:14963028].
More information about this protein can be found at Protein of the Month: ATP Synthases [PUBMED:].
The mapping between Pfam and Gene Ontology is provided by InterPro. If you use this data please cite InterPro.
|Cellular component||proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex, catalytic domain (GO:0033178)|
|Molecular function||proton-transporting ATPase activity, rotational mechanism (GO:0046961)|
|hydrogen ion transporting ATP synthase activity, rotational mechanism (GO:0046933)|
|Biological process||ATP hydrolysis coupled proton transport (GO:0015991)|
Below is a listing of the unique domain organisations or architectures in which this domain is found. More...
The graphic that is shown by default represents the longest sequence with a given architecture. Each row contains the following information:
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a textual description of the architecture, e.g. Gla, EGF x 2, Trypsin.
This example describes an architecture with one
Gladomain, followed by two consecutive
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1Cannot generate PP/Heatmap alignments for seeds; no PP data available
Key: available, not generated, — not available.
Format an alignment
We make all of our alignments available in Stockholm format. You can download them here as raw, plain text files or as gzip-compressed files.
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This page displays the phylogenetic tree for this family's seed alignment. We use FastTree to calculate neighbour join trees with a local bootstrap based on 100 resamples (shown next to the tree nodes). FastTree calculates approximately-maximum-likelihood phylogenetic trees from our seed alignment.
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Curation and family details
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|Seed source:||Enright A|
|Author:||Enright A, Ouzounis C, Bateman A|
|Number in seed:||100|
|Number in full:||1179|
|Average length of the domain:||94.90 aa|
|Average identity of full alignment:||28 %|
|Average coverage of the sequence by the domain:||86.32 %|
|HMM build commands:||
build method: hmmbuild -o /dev/null HMM SEED
search method: hmmsearch -Z 23193494 -E 1000 --cpu 4 HMM pfamseq
|Family (HMM) version:||12|
|Download:||download the raw HMM for this family|
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How the sunburst is generated
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Unmapped species names
The tree is built by looking at each sequence in the full alignment for the family. We take the name of the species given by UniProt and try to map that to the full taxonomic tree from NCBI. In some cases, the name chosen by UniProt does not map to any node in the NCBI tree, perhaps because the chosen name is listed as a synonym or a misspelling in the NCBI taxonomy.
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Since we reduce the species tree to only the eight main taxonomic levels, sequences that are mapped to the sub-species level in the tree would not normally be shown. Rather than leave out these species, we map them instead to their parent species. So, for example, for sequences belonging to one of the Vibrio cholerae sub-species in the NCBI taxonomy, we show them instead as belonging to the species Vibrio cholerae.
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The tree shows the occurrence of this domain across different species. More...
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For all of the domain matches in a full alignment, we count the number that are found on all sequences in the alignment. This total is shown in the purple box.
We also count the number of unique sequences on which each domain is found, which is shown in green. Note that a domain may appear multiple times on the same sequence, leading to the difference between these two numbers.
Finally, we group sequences from the same organism according to the NCBI code that is assigned by UniProt, allowing us to count the number of distinct sequences on which the domain is found. This value is shown in the pink boxes.
We use the NCBI species tree to group organisms according to their taxonomy and this forms the structure of the displayed tree. Note that in some cases the trees are too large (have too many nodes) to allow us to build an interactive tree, but in most cases you can still view the tree in a plain text, non-interactive representation. Those species which are represented in the seed alignment for this domain are highlighted.
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There is 1 interaction for this family. More...
We determine these interactions using iPfam, which considers the interactions between residues in three-dimensional protein structures and maps those interactions back to Pfam families. You can find more information about the iPfam algorithm in the journal article that accompanies the website.
For those sequences which have a structure in the Protein DataBank, we use the mapping between UniProt, PDB and Pfam coordinate systems from the PDBe group, to allow us to map Pfam domains onto UniProt sequences and three-dimensional protein structures. The table below shows the structures on which the ATP-synt_F domain has been found. There are 17 instances of this domain found in the PDB. Note that there may be multiple copies of the domain in a single PDB structure, since many structures contain multiple copies of the same protein seqence.
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