The NCP1402 is a 5V Step-up DC-DC converter. This breakout board will accept voltage inputs between 1 and 4 Volts and output a constant, low ripple 5V output capable of sourcing up to 200 mA.
This board is great for supplying power to 5V sensors on a 3.3V board, or providing 5V from a AAA battery. While this board won't be good for charging your phone, it would be great for powering a microcontroller development board under a small load.
The breakout board includes all of the necessary peripheral components. The input, output and ground pins are broken out on a 0.1" grid to allow easy access on a breadboard. This board could be used in place of a voltage regulator if needed as it shares a similar pinout to a LM1084 regulator all you need to do is put a small voltage into the input on one side, ground connection on the other side and then you'll get 5V out the center pin. Ground reference is shared between input and output.