How Berlin remembers Kristallnacht
7 November 2013 Last updated at 20:47 GMT
It's 75 years since the pogroms that became known as Kristallnacht happened - the night of broken glass.
On 9 November 1938, more than 1,000 synagogues were attacked in Germany and Austria. It was the outbreak of mass violence against Jews which was to end in their mass murder.
Stephen Evans took a tour around Berlin to tell the story of what happened - and how the city commemorates the lives lost.