a group of ribosomes joined by a molecule of messenger RNA containing a portion of the genetic code that is to be translated. Polysomes are found in the cytoplasm and synthesize proteins.
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
System of internal membranes within the cytoplasm. Membranes are rough due to the presence of ribosomes. functions in transport of substances such as proteins within the cytoplasm
smooth endoplasmic reticulum
parts of the endoplasmic reticulum that are not associated with polysomes; serves in the synthesis of phospholipids for cellular membranes and other water-insoluble compounds.
Membrane-bound sacs that pinch off of the Golgi Apparatus that carry lipids/proteins to the cell surface for excretion.
certain digestive enzymes leave the Golgi apparatus in these; they fuse inside the cell with other membranous vesicles;
the process by which the cell uptakes microorganisms or other firm particles in large vesicles
Powerhouse of the cell, organelle that is the site of ATP (energy) production. Small organelles that provide energy for cellular processes: RNA synthesis, protein synthesis, and transport
The movement of specific molecules into a cell by the inward budding of membranous vesicles containing proteins with receptor sites specific to the molecules being taken in; enables a cell to acquire bulk quantities of specific substances.
for an organism to develop and reproduce its cells must increase in number; cyclic process of growth and division
provides internal organization and ability to move; a network of cellular filaments; regulates cell shape and movement within cells;