|Ranchi is the capital of the Indian state of Jharkhand
. Jharkhand accounts for 40% of the mineral resources of India. Ranchi accounts for 50% mineral production of the state, nearing about 18% of nation's mineral production. For this reason Ranchi is also called the Manchester of the East. Ranchi was the centre of the Jharkhand movement for a separate state for the tribal regions of South Bihar, northern Orissa, Western West Bengal and the present eastern Chhattisgarh. Jharkhand State was formed on 15
November 2000 by carving the Bihar divisions of Chota Nagpur and Santhal Parganas.Ranchi is the headquarters of Ranchi district. Earlier the name of the district was Lohardaga. The old district had come into existence after the creation of the non-regulation South – West frontier as a result of the Kol rising in 1831-32. The name
of the district was changed in 1899 from Lohardaga to Ranchi after the name of a small village now comprised within the headquarters station. The name comes from a local bird named "RINCHI" which was mostly found in the "pahadi mandir premise" the bird was considered be a sacred bird.