Science uses which system to measure items?
Biology is the study of ______________.
All living things __________ to make more of themselves.
Living things adjust to a stimulus by a ______________.
Questions arise from individuals __________ the world around them.
The study of standards for what is right and wrong is called ______.
Information gathered through experimentation.
A structured procedure for collecting information to test a hypothesis is called an _______.
Applying science to the needs and problems of our society is called ________.
A scientific explanation that's been tested over time is a _________.
The part of a science experiment that's kept the same.
Steps used in science that gathers information, tests hypothesis, and solve problems is called
A testable explanation for a question or problem
Research that's reported in numerical form with charts and graphs.
A test of a hypothesis
Carbohydrates, nucleic acids, and proteins are all large molecules called _____________.
All carbon compounds are called ___________________.
Carbon atoms must share ____________ electrons to be stable
Burning of paper is an example of a ______________ reaction.
Two or more elements chemically bonding together is called a _____________.
Protons and neutrons are located in the __________ of an atom.
Electrons move about the nucleus in regions called ____________.
Proteins are made up of __________________.
Water can dissolve many compounds because of its
All living things are made up of _________.
Which type of cells do not have a cell wall?
When diffusion slow down and stops __________ is reached.
Diffusion continues until there is no ____________.
Proteins contain what element that fats and carbohydrates don't have?
The first electron energy level can contain a maximum of ______ electrons
Acids have a pH _______ than seven.
Unsaturated fats contain ________ bonds
pH of 13 is considered a strong ____________.
Enzymes in the human body are ___________.
Non-metals like chlorine typically will _________ electrons to become stable.
N₂O₂ has how many total atoms?
all life is made of cells which are the basic units of life and must come from preexisting cells is called the ________.
First to describe cells
The type of microscope which has the greatest magnification
A cell with a nucleus and membrane bound organelles is termed ____________.
The cell membrane is made up of a ________________.
Water moves out of a cell when the cell is placed in a ________ solution like sugar water.
Water moves into a cell when the cell is placed in a _________ solution.
When a cell moves particles from an area of lesser concentration to greater concentration it uses ________.
Water leaving or entering a cell does so through a process known as __________.
What part of a cell maintains the cells homeostasis?
A gene is a segment of DNA that controls the production of ________.
Viruses, environmental influences and radiation are examples of things that can cause _________.
Series of enzymes
What monitors the cell's cycle from phase to phase?
What phase is identified by chromosomes lining up along the cell's mid-line?
The longest phase of the cell's cycle.
Chlorophyll is located in what organelle?
Green pigment that traps light energy is called ____________.
In order for your body to undergo reactions and normal body function, it requires _____.
Glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆) and Oxygen (O₂)
What are the two products of photosynthesis?
The process which burns glucose to produce energy.
When parts of homologous chromatids exchange places with one another which creates genetic recombinations.
A device used to show the offspring combinations of two parents.
Two alleles; one dominant and one recessive is said to be ______.
Law of Segregation
Mendel's law that states only one factor from each parent is passed to the offspring is called _______.
The passing of traits from parents to offspring is called __________.
A cell containing the full set (2) alleles for each trait is said to be _____.
The gamete produced by the mother.
The percent chance a couple will always have a boy is _______.
Looking at the physical features of a dog will provide the dog's ________.
What cell division reduces the number of chromosomes by 1/2?
The process of a sperm uniting with an egg is called __________.
Alternate forms of a gene are called ______________.
Guanine always bonds to what nitrogen base?
When a portion of a chromosome is missing or breaks off.
The shape of the DNA molecule.
What could be one result of mutated skin cells of a person?
When DNA is copied, these pair up to form a new strand.
Is made up of one sugar, base and a phosphate group.
The sugar of a DNA molecule.
The sugar of a RNA molecule.
Replaces the Thymine in an RNA molecule.
Process which forms Messenger RNA
Cell, nucleus, chromosome, DNA, nucleotide
Put in order from largest to smallest: DNA, nucleotide, cell, chromosome, nucleus
What part of the DNA molecule gets copied during transcription?
The dropping off of amino acids for protein assembly is called ______.
When a DNA segment has an added or lost nitrogen base it's called a _________ mutation.
Pink flowers from red and white parent combination shows the trait is ____.
The 23rd set of chromosomes is called ______.
Males have XY chromosomes and females have sex chromosomes called _____.
The most efficient type of respiration is ______.
Sac of digestive enzymes
Power-house of the cell (converts larger molecules into ATP for energy use)
Folded membrane where reactions occur
Thin strands of DNA
Boundary of the cell
Short hair-like; used for movement
Control Center of Cell
Converts light energy to chemical energy
Phase the cell spends most of it's time in
Chromosomes line up along midline
Cell begins to undergo Mitosis by coiling up chromosomes
Chromatids separate at the centromere
Two new cells form
Division of body cells
Division of cells that will form gametes
Putting amino acids together
Converting light energy into glucose
Known as Father of Genetics
arrangement of atoms
Compounds with the same chemical formula will differ in ________________
Carbon-12 carbon-13 carbon-14 are examples of ___________
The cell's cytoplasm can differ from the cell's surroundings due to the cell membrane's _________________
where the person lives
Cancer rates for people will follow according to the country ____________
Chromatids of a chromosome attach to spindle fibers by the ___________
Which term is most complex: cell, organ system, organ or tissue?
The energy molecule that cells use is called _________________
The MAKING of a glucose molecule occurs through the process called _________
The first step in BREAKING DOWN a glucose molecule
The parent's ________________ are written on the top and side of a punnett square
Reducing 78 chromosomes to 39 is the result of ___________
The backbone of a DNA molecule is made up of a phosphate
The process of a part of a chromosome breaking off and is added to a different chromosome is called _____________
The process of DNA copying itself is called ___________________
A DNA segment that's changed from CAT to GAT while being copied is called
Royal hemophilia is the result of _____________ inheritance
Blood types are the result of ______________ inheritance
Most human genetic disorders are caused by
the site of protein synthesis
the breakdown of glucose to usable energy
long whip-like extension of the cell used for movement
jelly-like matrix that suspends organelles
characteristics of living things
Ability to reproduce, high level of organization, growth, adaptation, responding to stimuli and requiring energy are all examples of
The metric base unit for length is
The metric unit commonly used for mass is _____ for small items and kilogram for heavier items.
The metric unit for volume is
The measured outcome of an experiment
The variable being tested in an experiment
water has slight charges on its ends due to unequal sharing of electrons causing a property called
The attraction of a hydrogen atom of one water molecule to an oxygen atom of another water molecule forms
Dissolving substances is a ___________ change since you can achieve the solid again by boiling the liquid
Isotopes are the same atoms with different numbers of
A substance that forms hydrogen ions in water is an
metals and nonmetals form __________ compounds
nonmetals form ___________ compounds with other nonmetals
Known as the Father of Microscopy
micrscope containing two lenses and used in common high school labs
cell membrane cytoplasm and nucelus
The three main parts of a cell
What does ATP stand for?
Enzymes attach to molecules called __________that undergo chemical reactions in the body
carbon dioxide + water + light yeilds glucose and oxygen
The word equation for photosynthesis
The light reaction and calvin cycle are two parts to ________________
glycolysis, krebs and electron transport chain are all steps in
__________ occurs after glycolysis if oxygen is absent
total net ATP molecules produced from one glucose molecule during aerboic respiration
During the first step of respiration, glucose is broken down into
uncontrolled division of cells creates a tumor that can spread resulting in
During prophase I of Meiosis, homologous chromosomes (4 chromatids) which come together are called ___________
The actual moving of homologous chromosomes to pair up during prophase I is called
The phase of meiosis when homologous chromosomes line up in two lines along the mid-line of the cell is called
The phase of meiosis when chromatids separate from each other
The phase of meiosis when 4 haploid cells form is called
Meiosis produces 4 sperm or 1 egg and 3 _________.
Type of RNA that is a blue print of the DNA molecule which leaves the nucleus during protein synthesis
Clover shaped RNA that picks up amino acids for transport to the ribosome
A globular RNA that is combined with special protein that makes up a ribosome
Guanine base binds to _________
_____________ bonds to thymine on a DNA molecule or uracil on RNA.
Component of the cell wall of plants
Primary part of the plant used for photosynthesis
Parallel leaf venation
Reproductive part of an anthophyte
Necessary to transport sperm and for diffusion of water and nutrients in nonvascular plants
Type of plant cell with thick, rigid cell walls
Hormone which helps ripen fruits
Contains both stamen (male) and pistil (female) parts
Fern spore germinates into a heart-shaped structure
Seed dispersal mechanism using hairy plumes
Seed dispersal mechanism using hooks and barbs
Dicot leaf has this venation
Transports sugars down a plant from the leaves
Plant's response to light
Female reproductive part of a nonvascular plant
Anthophyte that lives for only one year
Structures of a leaf
Parenchyma cells, stomata, epidermis, veins, guard cells
Plant type that has naked seeds
Flowering plants with enclosed seeds and fruit
Symmetry of worms, butterflies and man
Number of body segments of a tick
Number of body segments of a spider
Number of body segments of insects
Egg, larve, pupa, adult
Egg, nymph adult
Number of walking legs of insects
Number of walking legs of spider
Undercooked pork may contain
stinging cells that discharge when tentacles are touched
Most distinguishing characteristics of arthropods
Cnidarians capture food with
Process of shedding exoskeleton while new one grows beneath old on
Aquatic arthropods breathe using these
Sponges and other sessile organisms feed by what means?
Group of Cnidarians that provide food, shelter for other organisms
Part of insect that senses vibrations, food, and pheremones
Flat worm with a pharynx
Symmetry of sea star and sea urchin
Vertebrate with a 2- chambered heart
test chemicals in air
reason snakes flick out their tongues
Distinguishing characteristic of birds
Mammals are classified by their
Amphibians organ to sense vibrations from water or air
Mammal type that fully develops in uterus with umbilical cord
Lamprey and Hagfish
Two fish that lack jaws
Class of bony fish
Vertebrate characterized with thin, moist skin
Sense organ on snake's roof of mouth which detects airborne chemicals
Fish sense organ which detects vibrations and movement in the water
Platypus and Echidna
Two examples of egg laying Monotremes
Most marsupials are located here
Muscle type of internal organs
Conserves body heat
Main advantage of hair
smell, sound, touch
Three ways animals communicate
Attachment behavior at a critical time in life
Trial and Error
Behavior where an animal receives a reward
Muscle contractions that are not controlled
type of behavior in which an animal protects his home area
Chemical animal communicates with
24-hour cycle of an animal
Biologist who demonstrated conditioning in dogs
Animal behavior where they are showing agitation toward another
Heart muscle type
Mutual relationship between a fungus and algae
Mutual relationship between fungus and plant roots
Bacteria is identified by their
Sexual reproduction in bacteria exchanging genetic information
Virus that infects bacterial cells
Viruses are classified as
Causes holes in cell walls of bacteria killing them
plant-like protist that causes red tide
Fungus is classified by their
Fungi and bacteria are considered this since they can transform complex molecules into simpler raw materials
Protozoan with a whip-like tail
Short hair-like structures on a paramecium
Plant-like Protist made of various shells of silica
Kingdom of Eukaryotes, multi or unicellular includes algae and protozoans
Reproduction that produces identical daughter cells as the parent cell. (binary fission and budding)
First to propose a taxonomic system
Composed of genus and species
A two word naming system
Language used for scientific names
Science of grouping and naming organisms
Placing of information or objects into groups based on similarities
step by step approach to identify an organism using a series of paired descriptions
Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
7 Levels of Classification in order
Kingdom of insects, worms, sponges and elephants
First word of the scientific name
Kingdom of mosses, conifers and flowering plants
Kingdom of mushrooms, puffballs and yeast
Archeabacteria and Eubacteria
Two kingdoms of prokaryotic cells
Kingdom of plant-like (algae) and animal-like (protozoans) organisms
Kingdom of all eukaryotic, heterotrophic, multicellular organisms
Kingdom of all autotrophic and multicellular organisms
H, methane, ammonia, and water vapor
Evolutionary belief of gasses in the primitive atmosphere
small pools of amino acids
1950 Evolutionary belief where life came from
Widely accepted view of life coming from nothing before Biogenesis was accepted
Evolutionary Era when Human were thought to "evolve"
4.6 Billion Years
Evolutionary time line when earth was supposedly formed
Evolutionary viewpoint on first group of organisms to evolve
Urey and Miller
Scientists who tried to conduct an experiment to prove life came from earth's ancient conditions
Founder of modern evolution theory
Group of lemurs and tarsiers
Evolutionary idea that the wing of a bat is common to the arm of a human
The name of the Evolutionary idea that some organs no longer function
The ability an animal has to blend in with it's surroundings
Ability of an animal to look like another more harmful animal
Evolution idea that nature selects which characteristics will continue in an animal population
The mechanism by which evolutionist believe species change over time
Range of Tolerance
Animals ability to withstand environmental fluctuations
Organisms that can convert light into chemical energy
Organ which produces the female egg
Organ which produces the male sperm
Female organ where a fetus develops
Gonorrhea, syphilis, and chlamydia are all caused by
Tail, head, mitochondria
Three parts of the male sperm
Small sacs of the lungs where gas exchange takes place
Body system that helps recover body fluids and returns it to the blood
Species not native to a given area
Drug that causes brain neurotransmitter levels to increase
Part of the retina that allows you to see color
Central nervous system
Brain and spinal cord
Organs that collect waste from cells and maintains the bodies homeostasis
Carries impulses from environment to brain/spinal cord
Carries impulses from brain/spinal cord to muscles
Menstrual cycle begins during the stage
Causes genital herpes, warts and AIDS
virus which weakens the immune system
System which produces hormones for the body
Type of drug which slows down and reduces nervous system activity
Color of Gram positive stained bacteria
Color of Gram negative stained bacteria
Theory which suggests all life is complex and best explained by an intelligent cause
Pigment that causes various shade of skin color
Term used to refer to "before the flood"
Hebrew word used for "day" typically written for describing a 24 hour period
Biblical understanding of the cause of death, disease, blood shed
2 Timothy 3: 16-17
"All scripture is God breathed, and is profitable for doctrine, for reproof, for correction, for instruction in righteousness..."
"by one man sin entered the world, and death by sin..."
Shem's descendants migrated to this area
Ham's descendants migrated to this area
Japheth's descendants migrated to this area
Tower of Babel dispersion
What Biblical event caused smaller population sizes and disrupted genetic equilibrium
The percent difference of any two people in the world
over hunting and harsh environmental conditions
Possible reasons for dinosaurs being extent
Book of the Bible that contains descriptions of animals similar to dinosaurs
Changes in animals that are limited to the species gene pool
Changes in animals that require beneficial mutations involving addition of new information into the DNA
Initial starting belief of a person that determines their viewpoint concerning the origin of life
Greatest threat to animal diversity
Animals considered not native to an area they inhabit
Part of plant that functions in absorption of water and minerals and anchors the plant
Hook, Pin, and Heart worms are all considered ___________ worms.
Leech and earthworms are ___________ worms.
Alternation of Generations
Life cycle of organisms that switch from asexual to sexual reproduction
Kingdom of bacteria that live in extreme environments
Building a road in the middle of an ecosystem is an example of...
A role an organism has in an environment...like being a predator
_________ decreases as you move from one trophic level to the next
Where an organism lives...
A symbiotic relationship when both organisms benefit from the relationship...
Older fossils are at the bottom
An evolutionary assumption using the fossil record to prove how old a fossil is.
Pollen of a plant contains ______________.
Leaves often have a large surface area which enhances the plants ability to ________________.
Vascular tissue of a plant make up the plant's ______.
The part of the plant anchors and absorbs minerals and water is the
The stomata of the plant leaf is regulated by _______.
The most common plant cell which has thin cell walls and large vacuoles...
Moss plants produce sperm in the ____________.
In the fern life cycle, the spores germinates into a heart shaped gametophyte called a ____________.
During the embryological develop, the skin and nervous tissue is formed from the __________ layer.
Crabs, lobsters and pill bugs belong to the Class _______.
Sand dollars, sea stars and sea cucumbers belong to the Class ____________.
suction in the tube feet
Sea stars move and capture prey by the aide of the ____________________.
Sagging, wrinkles and dryness are all effects of __________.
Pain and redness are indicators of ____ degree burns.
Third degree burn victims are very susceptible to ____________.
The most abundant substance in the body.
The mouth, esophagus, stomach and intestines make up the ________.
The liver, pancreas and gall bladder are ________ to the digestive system.
The primary function of the small intestine is ____________.
A stimulant is a drug that __________ the activities of the nervous system.
The organ which stores urine before being expelled form the body is the _______________.
The filtering unit of the kidney...
Cells of the nervous system are called ___________.
The kingdom of prokaryotes living in extreme environments.
A decomposer that is heterotrophic and eukaryotic.
Bacteria can survive harsh conditions by forming
round, rod and spiral
The three primary shapes of bacteria are __________.
A viral cycle which uses the host cell's parts to reproduce more particles and exits the cell killing it.
Neo-Darwinists believe evolution occurred through beneficial ______________.
Ecologists who study a group of different animals and how they relate to each other and to the abiotic parts of the environment are interested in studying the _________________.
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