Bladder Cancer Stem Cells: Biological and Therapeutic Perspectives
Goodwin Jinesh G., Daniel Levi Willis and Ashish M. Kamat
Pages 89-101 (13)
Bladder cancer stem cell research is rapidly expanding based on the knowledge of cancer stem cells from
various cancer types and normal stem cells as models. In various cancer types, cancer stem cells have been implicated in
therapeutic resistance and relapse after initial therapy. Understanding how cancer stem cells differ from bulk cancer cells
and how cancer stem cells contribute to relapse and resistance are essential to develop novel therapeutics to target cancer
stem cells effectively. Here we review the latest information on bladder cancer stem cells, their biological characteristics,
including their response to treatment, recurrence, immune context and technical problems encountered in bladder cancer
stem cell research.
Blebbishields, cancer stem cells, CD44, c-Met, neutrophils, T-cells, VEGFR2.
Department of Urology, Unit 1373, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA.