Mercury's Caloris Basin
Date: 28 Mar 1974
This is a computer photomosaic of the Caloris Basin: The desert closest to the sun.
The largest basin on Mercury (1,300 km or 800 miles across) was named Caloris (Greek for "hot") because it is one of the two areas on the planet that face the sun at perihelion.
The Image Processing Lab at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory produced this photomosaic using computer software and techniques developed for use in processing planetary data. The Mariner 10 spacecraft imaged the region during its initial flyby of the planet.
The Mariner 10 spacecraft was launched in 1974. The spacecraft took images of Venus in February 1974 on the way to three encounters with Mercury in March and September 1974 and March 1975. The spacecraft took more than 7,000 images of Mercury, Venus, the Earth, and the moon during its mission.
Credit: NASA Planetary Photojournal