I would take issue with the claim in the question that golden rules like these general principles are true.
For a beginner these general Nimzowitschian guidelines are a very useful guide for directing your attention towards the kind of moves you should consider first and away from moves which are likely to be less useful.
However there will likely come a time when regarding these guidelines as strict rules which you shouldn't contemplate breaking will hold you back and leave your game stuck in a rut. John Watson wrote a very good book called "Secrets of Modern Chess Strategy" where he tries to update Nimzowitsch for the 21st century. In a follow on book called "Chess Strategy in Action" he gives lots of games and game snippets illustrating his ideas and how modern master level chess departs from the strict observance of "golden rules" like these.
Here is one of his examples to show how moving knights to the edge of the board (and moving them lots of times before completing development) can even be good!
[Black "Nenashev, Novosibirsk 1989"]
1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 c5 3.d5 e6 4.Nc3 exd5 5.cxd5 d6 6.e4 g6 7.Bd3 Bg7 8.Nge2 O-O 9.O-O Ng4 10.h3 Ne5 11.Bc2 Na6 12.f4 Nc4 13.b3 Na5 14.a3 b5 15.Rb1 b4 16.Na2 bxa3 17.Bxa3 Rb8 18.Kh2 Bd7
Amazing! Watson's point is that modern masters have moved towards a position of move independence where the dictates of the position on the board overrule any old fashioned dictums that may have provided useful guidance 100 years ago.
So, to answer your last 3 questions:
Sometimes it is good to move your knight or even both knights to the edge, depends on the position. A more prosaic example than the one above would be in the French Winawer where if White plays Bd2 then Nh6 can be a good move for Black even though White can play BxN breaking up Black's pawns in front of his King.
Quite often edge pawns should be moved, usually to kick or discourage an opposing bishop. It is standard for Black to play a6 on the 3rd move of the Ruy Lopez, for instance.
Sometimes it is not only OK to use your queen early on but even good. There are a number of black openings (like the French for instance) where Black plays an early Qc7 or Qa5.