a nerve cell; the basic building block of the nervous system.
specialized group of nerve cells that controls & coordinates activities of the nervous system
the portion of the vertebrate nervous system consisting of the brain and spinal cord
subdivision of the nervous system that brings information to the cns
serves the internal organs of the body
message that travels from the dendrites of a neuron to the axon
long nerve fiber that conducts away from the cell body of the neuron
the branching extensions of a neuron that receives messages and conducts impulses toward the cell body
large nucleated cells that form myelin around the axons of neurons
node of ranvier
small gap between myelinated segments where axonal membrane is exposed; increase speed of impulses
the space between two neurons through which neurotransmiters travel
recieves information about changes in the enviroment (stimuli)
muscles or glands that respond to impulses
something that causes a response
contains major concentration of the cytoplasm and the nucleus of the neuron
an electrically-insulating phospholipid (fat) layer that surrounds the axons of many neurons
A relatively simple, involuntary response to a stimulus.
the potential difference between the two sides of the membrane of a nerve cell when the cell is not conducting an impulse
change in electrical potential that occurs between the inside and outside of a nerve or muscle fiber when it is stimulated
the time after a neuron fires during which a stimulus will not evoke a response
transmission of an impulse by jumping
a chemical messenger that travels across the synapse from one neuron to the next and influences whether a neuron will generate an action potential(impulse)
part of central nervous system, links brain to rest of body
responsible for balance and coordination, routine movement
the largest part of the brain, controls thinking, reasoning, and memory
connects the hemispheres; found deep inside cerebrum; allows hemispheres to share information
relay link between brain and spinal cord
Regulates ♥ heart rhythm, blood flow, breathing rate,etc.
natural neurotransmitters linked to pain control
a progressive disease that destroys brain cells and is identified by muscular tremors, slowing of movement, and partial facial paralysis
a disease that results in the progressive loss of an individual's memory and mental capacity.
"Lou Gherig's Disease" - progressive neurological disease in which the motor neurons degenerate to the point of total loss of motor function. The intelligence, memory, and personality is unaffected.
disorder in which myelin is destroyed causing loss of motor activity
binding of nuerotransmitter to receptor opens up sodium channels, increasing likelihood that action potential will occur in postsyapticcell
Process in which postsynaptic neuron is made more neagtive on the inside, decreasing the likelihood of action potential
sensory relay centre
main control centre for the autonomic nervous system, controls hunger, body temperature, aggression, and other aspects of metabolism and behaviour
parasympathetic nervous system
opposite effect to sympathetic nervous system, slowing heart rate and breathing
sympathetic nervous system
sets off fight-or-flight reaction, increasing heart rate and breathing and releasing blood sugar from the liver to provide energy
autonomic nervous system
Part of the peripheral nervous system; made up of the sympathetic and parasympathetic. Not under our conscious control
found around grey matter, and made up of myelinated interneurons
somatic nervous system
Part of peripheral nervous system; made up of sensory nerves that carry impulses from the body's sense organs to the CNS and motor neurons that transmit messages from CNS to muscles
Please allow access to your computer’s microphone to use Voice Recording.
We can’t access your microphone!
Click the icon above to update your browser permissions above and try again
Reload the page to try again!
Press Cmd-0 to reset your zoom
Press Ctrl-0 to reset your zoom
It looks like your browser might be zoomed in or out. Your browser needs to be zoomed to a normal size to record audio.
Your microphone is muted
For help fixing this issue, see this FAQ.