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Reviewed November 2010
What is the official name of the BLM gene?
The official name of this gene is “Bloom syndrome, RecQ helicase-like.”
BLM is the gene's official symbol. The BLM gene is also known by other names, listed below.
Read more about gene names and symbols on the About page.
What is the normal function of the BLM gene?
The BLM gene provides instructions for making a member of a protein family called RecQ helicases. Helicases are enzymes that bind to DNA and temporarily unwind the two spiral strands (double helix) of the DNA molecule. This unwinding is necessary for copying (replicating) DNA in preparation for cell division and for repairing damaged DNA. Because RecQ helicases maintain the structure and integrity of DNA, they are known as the "caretakers of the genome."
When a cell prepares to divide to form two cells, the DNA that makes up the chromosomes is copied so that each new cell will get a complete set of chromosomes. The copied DNA from each chromosome is arranged into two identical structures, called sister chromatids, which are attached to one another during the early stages of cell division. Sister chromatids exchange small sections of DNA (sister chromatid exchange) during this time.
The BLM protein interacts with several other proteins involved in the maintenance of genome integrity. With the help of its partner proteins, BLM suppresses sister chromatid exchanges and helps to maintain the stability of the DNA during the copying process. Researchers believe BLM restarts the DNA copying process when it stalls, an event that probably happens frequently in the cell. In the absence of BLM activity, DNA copying restarts through a mechanism called homologous recombination that results in sister chromatid exchange.
How are changes in the BLM gene related to health conditions?
Where is the BLM gene located?
Cytogenetic Location: 15q26.1
Molecular Location on chromosome 15: base pairs 90,717,326 to 90,815,461
The BLM gene is located on the long (q) arm of chromosome 15 at position 26.1.
More precisely, the BLM gene is located from base pair 90,717,326 to base pair 90,815,461 on chromosome 15.
See How do geneticists indicate the location of a gene? in the Handbook.
Where can I find additional information about BLM?
You and your healthcare professional may find the following resources about BLM helpful.
You may also be interested in these resources, which are designed for genetics professionals and researchers.
What other names do people use for the BLM gene or gene products?
See How are genetic conditions and genes named? in the Handbook.
Where can I find general information about genes?
The Handbook provides basic information about genetics in clear language.
These links provide additional genetics resources that may be useful.
What glossary definitions help with understanding BLM?
acids ; cancer ; cell ; cell division ; chromatid ; chromosome ; DNA ; double helix ; gene ; genome ; helicase ; molecule ; mutation ; protein ; protein sequence ; sister chromatid ; sister chromatid exchange ; syndrome
You may find definitions for these and many other terms in the Genetics Home Reference Glossary.
See also Understanding Medical Terminology.
References (15 links)
The resources on this site should not be used as a substitute for professional medical care or advice. Users seeking information about a personal genetic disease, syndrome, or condition should consult with a qualified healthcare professional. See How can I find a genetics professional in my area? in the Handbook.