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Reviewed November 2008
What is the official name of the GFAP gene?
The official name of this gene is “glial fibrillary acidic protein.”
GFAP is the gene's official symbol. The GFAP gene is also known by other names, listed below.
Read more about gene names and symbols on the About page.
What is the normal function of the GFAP gene?
The GFAP gene provides instructions for making a protein called glial fibrillary acidic protein. This protein is a member of the intermediate filament family of proteins. Intermediate filaments form networks that provide support and strength to cells. Several molecules of glial fibrillary acidic protein bind together to form the type of intermediate filament found in astroglial cells. Astroglial cells support and nourish cells in the brain and spinal cord. If brain or spinal cord cells are injured through trauma or disease, astroglial cells react by rapidly producing more glial fibrillary acidic protein.
Although its function is not fully understood, glial fibrillary acidic protein is probably involved in controlling the shape, movement, and function of astroglial cells. Some researchers have suggested that astroglial cells play an important role in the functioning of other cells, including specialized cells that surround nerves (oligodendrocytes) and are involved in the production and long-term maintenance of myelin. Myelin is the fatty substance that forms a protective coating around certain nerve cells and ensures the rapid transmission of nerve impulses. Additionally, astroglial cells may assist in maintaining the protective barrier that allows only certain substances to pass between blood vessels and the brain (the blood-brain barrier).
How are changes in the GFAP gene related to health conditions?
Where is the GFAP gene located?
Cytogenetic Location: 17q21
Molecular Location on chromosome 17: base pairs 44,905,625 to 44,915,551
The GFAP gene is located on the long (q) arm of chromosome 17 at position 21.
More precisely, the GFAP gene is located from base pair 44,905,625 to base pair 44,915,551 on chromosome 17.
See How do geneticists indicate the location of a gene? in the Handbook.
Where can I find additional information about GFAP?
You and your healthcare professional may find the following resources about GFAP helpful.
You may also be interested in these resources, which are designed for genetics professionals and researchers.
What other names do people use for the GFAP gene or gene products?
See How are genetic conditions and genes named? in the Handbook.
Where can I find general information about genes?
The Handbook provides basic information about genetics in clear language.
These links provide additional genetics resources that may be useful.
What glossary definitions help with understanding GFAP?
You may find definitions for these and many other terms in the Genetics Home Reference Glossary.
See also Understanding Medical Terminology.
References (7 links)
The resources on this site should not be used as a substitute for professional medical care or advice. Users seeking information about a personal genetic disease, syndrome, or condition should consult with a qualified healthcare professional. See How can I find a genetics professional in my area? in the Handbook.