European Contact and the Contemporary Household Demography of the Pueblo Indians of New Mexico and Arizona
Stephen J. Kunitz
Bill G. Douglas
KEY WORDS: Pueblo Indians, Demography, Population, Education, Income, Social organization
Gregory M. Haynes
KEY WORDS: Ancestral Pueblo, Virgin Anasazi, Agriculture, Acephalous villages, Crosscultural comparisons, Arid environments, Mojave Desert
Regionalism and Social Landscape as Inferred from an Ethnoarchaeological Study of Pottery Production in Jordan
KEY WORDS: Ethnoarchaeology, Pottery production, Patterning in material culture, Jordan, Neolithic
ABSTRACT: In this paper, an ethnoarchaeological study of pottery from Jordan is used to highlight the importance of the context of production and technique in order to gain a better understanding of the formation of a distinct prehistoric cultural region and its social components. Stylistic differences are delimited by technological characteristics, and understanding the technological process of object-making is vital in searching for and explaining patterns in material culture. Different production units can be responsible for different pottery forms, rather than the pottery being attributed to different cultures. Moreover, the context of production has a substantial effect on the end product, which conflicts with normative interpretations of presence/absence patterns of material culture. Focusing on the social dimension of a region enables identification of the social producers and an understanding of how they can be differentiated, even when they share the same technical structures in producing material culture. This study is based on ethnoarchaeological observations among traditional potters in modern-day Jordan and the results are used to analyze Neolithic pottery from the same country.
The Myth of American Selfhood and Emotion: Raising a Sociocentric Child among Middle-Class Americans
KEY WORDS: Self, Emotion, Socialization, American middle-class
ABSTRACT: In this article, I examine the concepts of the self and emotion reflected in American middle-class socialization practices. Detailed ethnographic description of everyday socialization practices in an American middle-class preschool shows that contrary to the characterization that American notions of self and emotion are predominantly individualistic and egocentric, middle-class socialization practices are highly oriented toward developing sociocentric values such as niceness, cooperation, social appropriateness, empathy, friendship, politeness, and manners. I argue that the dichotomous model of self and emotion that consists of only two types—an egocentric Western self and a sociocentric non-Western self—fails to adequately describe variations and complexity in American experiences of self and emotion. The article contributes to a growing body of research that critically discusses the bipolarized model and argues for inherent dynamism and heterogeneity in our conceptions of the self and emotions.
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