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|United States Patent||5,947,921|
|Johnson , et al.||September 7, 1999|
Transdermal transport of molecules during sonophoresis (delivery or extraction) can be further enhanced by providing chemical enhancers which increase the solubility of the compound to be transported and/or lipid bilayer solubility, and/or additional driving forces for transport, such as mechanical or osmotic pressure, magnetic fields, electroporation or iontophoresis. In a preferred embodiment the ultrasound is low frequency ultrasound which induces cavitation of the lipid layers of the stratum corneum (SC). This method provides higher drug transdermal fluxes, allows rapid control of transdermal fluxes, and allows drug delivery or analyte extraction at lower ultrasound intensities and other forces or concentrations than that required if each means of enhancing transport is used individually.
|Inventors:||Johnson; Mark E. (Allston, MA), Mitragotri; Samir S. (Cambridge, MA), Blankschtein; Daniel (Brookline, MA), Langer; Robert S. (Newton, MA), Pishko; Michael (Arlington, MA), Kost; Joseph (Omer, IL)|
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
|Filed:||December 18, 1995|
|Current U.S. Class:||604/22 ; 601/2|
|Current International Class:||A61K 9/00 (20060101); A61N 1/32 (20060101); A61K 41/00 (20060101); A61M 37/00 (20060101); A61B 017/00 ()|
|Field of Search:||604/20,22,49 128/760,637 601/2|
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