Table of Contents
M. F. Kanga
the demon of death in the Avesta and later Zoroastrian texts.
the last Median king.
tenth day of Moḥarram, the first month of the Islamic calendar; for Sunnis it is a day on which fasting is recommended, and for Shiʿites a day of mourning for the martyrdom of Imam Ḥosayn.
(or Āšūrʾāda, ʿAšūrʾāda), formerly (until ca. 1308-09 Š./1930) three adjacent islands, now part of the end of the Mīānkāla peninsula of Māzandarān, at the southeast corner of the Caspian Sea.
P. O. Skjærvø
(Middle Persian) “horseman.” In Old Persian asabāra designated the horseman as opposed to the foot-soldier.
religious, secular, and extraterritorial. See BAST.
author of a set of astronomical tables for an unidentified prince of the Yuan dynasty of China, 1362-63.
Turkish atabeg, lit. “father-chief,” a Turkish title of rank which first appears, at least under this name, with the early Saljuqs.
grand vizier under the last three Qajar kings.
K. A. Luther
an influential family of military slave origin, also called Ildegozids, ruled parts of Arrān and Azerbaijan from about 530/1135-36 to 622/1225.