2SGen, an amazing tiny Solid State Generator by JL Naudin
created on february 15, 2009 - JLN Labs - Last update march 10, 2010
Toutes les informations et schÚmas sont publiÚs gratuitement ( freeware ) et sont destinÚs Ó un usage personnel et non commercial
All informations and diagrams are published freely (freeware) and are intended for a private use and a non commercial use.
Cliquez ici pour la version FRANCAISE
PROJECT LOG BOOK
2SGen v1.0 is an amazing Solid State Generator very simple to build, you will observe some very interesting results about the properties of a toroidal coil with a ferromagnetic core when it is used with a neodymium magnet.
Updated 03/03/10 : Successful 2SGen replications by independants experimenters
|Episode 10: Influence of the magnet on the hysteresis curve of ferromagnetic core|
|Episode 9: Test of the 2SGen v6 connected with two (21W + 5W) LIGHT BULBS|
|Episode 8: 2SGen simulation with FEMM, towards more output power...|
|Episode 7: Measuring the ratio between the Demagnetization energy/Magnetization energy|
|Episode 6: The 2SGen hidden principle: the core magnetization/demagnetization process|
|Episode 5: Towards more output power with a new magnet/toroid setup with the 2SGen|
|Episode 4: Test of the 2SGen with a Nanoperm, a Nanocrystalline alloy toro´dal core|
|Episode 3: The Moving magnet experiment|
|Episode 2: Test of the 2SGen with and without the magnet|
The toroidal coil uses a ferromagnetic core (grade 3E25) specific inductance Al=3820 (23x14x7 mm) (Á=6000), Rdc:1.4 ohms,
and it is wound CW with 7.5 m of 4/10 mm copper wire,
The magnet is a 10 mm diameter and 5 mm thick neodymium magnet,
The output coil is a air core flat coil (OD: 42, ID:18mm, TH: 8mm) inductance=636 mH, Rdc=990 ohms made with 450m of 0.1 mm diam copper wire.
Click here to see the full datasheet of the core material used in this test
The neodymium magnet is simply sticked magnetically on one side of the toroid...
Below the diagram of the 2SGen v1.0
Whether the 2SGen powers the High Power Leds lamp or not, the measured current through the toro´dal stator coil remains the same...
Below, you will find the full video of the 2SGen v1.0 in action:
2SGen Episode 2: Test with and without the magnet
The neodymium magnet is important. Without the magnet, the lamp does not light up, there is no current in the pickup coil because there is no EM coupling with the toro´dal coil
Don't use a too strong magnet, the ferromagnetic domains must flip with a minimum of energy inside the core...
The frequency is also important, in this case 200 Hz is the best ratio, too high frequency increases hysteresis losses in the core.
The Duty cycle (Dtc) of the pulse is important, the generator is set with a Dtc=75%, which gives an output Dtc=25% at the controller. Too much Dtc will increase the Joule losses...
Below, you will find a new video of the 2SGen test with and without the magnet:
Above, the full diagram of the S2Gen v2, no external pulse generator is needed.
The best tuning is set for f = 200 Hz (Dtc=27%)
2SGen Episode 3: "the moving magnet experiment"
2SGen Episode 4: With the new Nanoperm core... Woow...
Click here to read the Nanoperm M-059 core datasheet
With the Nanoperm core, when the magnet is placed on the top of the 2SGen, the drop of the DC current at the input is greater than with the ferrite core... Woow...
2SGen Episode 5: Towards more power with a new magnet/toro´d setup
Above the new 2SGen setup: the neodymium magnets have been placed in the center of the toro´d
so has the magnetic lines are closed inside the toro´dal core.
With this new setup, there is more OUTPUT power without change at the input.
The toro´dal 2SGen coil has also been fully inserted in a cylindrical air coil.
WOOW... The POWER OUT is greatly magnified without any change in at the input of the DC power supply...
Now, with the 2SGen V5, I am able to power higher power leds panels...
See, below, the full video of the tests of the 2SGen v4 and v5 :
2SGen Episode 6: The 2SGen hidden principle: The energy from the core magnetization/demagnetization process
In the scope pictures below:
the yellow curve is the pulse sent by the controller to build up the magnetic field of the core (magnetization phase),
the blue curve is the pulse measured across the output coil connected to a lamp as a load.
Look at the blue curve, the first part
(negative curve) is the magnetization phase of the core (building
up of the magnetic energy), you may notice some Barkhausen effect bumps.
The second part (positive curve) is the demagnetization phase of the core. The excess free energy is tapped during the demagnetization process and not during the magnetization process due to the blocking diode connected at the output coil. To get more free energy from the 2SGen device, the clock pulse must be shorter as possible (during the magnetization process).
The process of free energy generation from magnetization/demagnetization of a ferromagnetic core has been fully explained in the Nikolay E. Zaev paper "Ferrites and Ferromagnetics Free Energy Generation" published in New Energy Technologies Issue #5 Sept-Oct 2002.
The pulse period must be greater than the time of the magnetization/demagnetization process, here 1500 Ás.
Some important keys to get an excess of energy:
The output coil must be fully EM decoupled from the input coil (no mutual inductance), so this why the toro´dal coil is used as the input coil and a cylindrical or a flat coil set at 90░ as the output coil.
The magnet is used only to set the operating point in the MH curve of the toro´dal core. The magnet is not the source of the excess of energy. The ferromagnetic core is used on the highly non linear portion of the MH curve (where the core permeability drops quickly)
Shorter the clock pulse (low DTC) is, lower the energy spent for the magnetization process will be.
The 2SGen is not a transformer: The excess of energy tapped on its output comes from the magnetic material itself (during the demagnetization process). The volume of the ferromagnetic core used is important to get more power: greater the volume of the core is, higher the power at the output will be.
The pulse period must be greater than the time required for the magnetization/demagnetization process and this is fully dependent of the performance of the magnetic core used.
The best tuning is done when there is no change in the measured DC input power while the output coil is loaded.
Don't forget that energy of the magnetization pulse is the cost to be paid for obtaining the excess energy from demagnetization.
S2Gen Episode 7: Measuring the ratio between the Demagnetization energy and the Magnetization energy
2SGen Episode 8: 2SGen running simulation, towards more output power
You will find below a 2SGen v5 simulation with FEMM with a Nanoperm M-059 core with the same setup used in the real working prototype.
2SGen Episode 9: Test of the 2SGen v6 connected with two LIGHT BULBS (20W + 5W)
See, below, the video of the tests of the 2SGen v6 which power the two light bulbs:
2SGen Episode 10: Influence of the magnet on the hysteresis curve of the ferromagnetic core
Above, the testing setup used to measure the hysteresis curve of the 2SGen core
Above, the hysteresis curves of the toro´dal core at 200 Hz sine wave.
You may notice that the hysteresis curve begins nearly flat when the magnet is close to the toro´dal core.
In this case the permeabilty of the core begins very weak.
Above, the hysteresis curves of the toro´dal Nanoperm M-074 core at 200 Hz sine wave.
Above, the hysteresis curves of the toro´dal core at 3300 Hz DC pulsed squared wave (DTC ON 40%)
Below, you will find a video of the hysteresis tests with the 2SGen v6
Stay tuned, more to come soon...
Technical datasheets :
Interesting documents to be read:
Link to follow: Experiment on Direct conversion of the environment temperature into electricity from Nikolay Zaev
Email : JNaudin509@aol.com
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