Involves constellation of symptoms including lethargy, restlessness, confusion, flushing, diaphoresis, tremor, myoclonic jerks, hyperthermia, hypertonicity, rhabdomyolysis, convulsions, coma, and death.
One should wait a period of at least _______ before switching from a SSRI to a MAOI due to concern for serotonin syndrome.
Atypical antidepressant that can increase BP and cause withdrawal effects (flu-like symptoms or electric-like shocks and zaps).
Atypical antidepressant useful in seasonal affective disorder, ADHD, and smoking cessation.
Lowers the seizure threshold, especially in patients with electrolyte imbalances due to eating disorders.
Atypical antidepressant that may precipitate psychosis due to inhibition of dopamine reuptake.
Atypical antidepressant that causes increased appetite, weight gain, and agranulocytosis.
Chlorpromazine is a _______ (high/low) potency _______ (traditional/atypical) antipsychotic.
Thioridazine is a _______ (high/low) potency _______ (traditional/atypical) antipsychotic.
Haloperidol is a _______ (high/low) potency _______ (traditional/atypical) antipsychotic.
Fluphenazine is a _______ (high/low) potency _______ (traditional/atypical) antipsychotic.
Trifluoperazine is a _______ (high/low) potency _______ (traditional/atypical) antipsychotic.
Perphenazine is a _______ (high/low) potency _______ (traditional/atypical) antipsychotic.
Pimozide is a _______ (high/low) potency _______ (traditional/atypical) antipsychotic.
Akathisia; dystonia; parkinsonism
Three different syndromes classified as extrapyramidal side effects of antipsychotics.
Anti-parkinsonian medications that may be used to treat extrapyramidal side effects of antipsychotics.
Subjective anxiety and restlessness; objective fidgeting. A side of effect of antipsychotic medication.
Choreoathetoid movements of mouth and tongue, resulting from long-term neuroleptic use and more common in women.
Antipsychotic whose side effects include deposition in lens and cornea, blue-gray skin discoloration.
_______(Low/High)-potency antipsychotics are more likely to lower the seizure threshold and cause seizures.
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome
Preceded by catatonic state. Progresses to constellation of symptoms including fever, tachycardia, labile hypertension, diaphoresis, leukocytosis, tremor, elevated creatine phosphokinase, and lead pipe rigidity.
Muscle relaxant that abolishes excitation-contraction coupling in muscle cells by acting on the ryanodine receptor. Used in treatment of NMS.
Atypical antipsychotic with 1% incidence of agranulocytosis and 2-5% incidence of seizures.
Atypical antipsychotic with the highest chance of causing hyperlipidemia, glucose intolerance, weight gain, and liver toxicity.
Atypical antipsychotic that may cause cataracts and thus requires slit lamp exams every 6 months.
Renally-excreted mood stabilizer. Levels are elevated by NSAID use, diuretic use, dehydration, salt wasting, and impaired renal function.
Side effects include tremor, sedation, ataxia, metallic taste, polyuria, edema, weight gain, benign leukocytosis, hypothyroidism, and nephrogenic DI.
Carbamazepine; valproic acid
Two medications useful for treatment of mixed manic episodes and rapid-cycling bipolar disorder.
Mood stabilizer that acts by blocking sodium channels and inhibiting action potentials.
Side effects include skin rash, drowsiness, ataxia, leukopenia, hyponatremia, aplastic anemia, agranulocytosis, elevated liver enzymes, and neural tube defects in pregnancy.
Side effects include sedation, weight gain, alopecia, hemorrhagic pancreatitis, hepatotoxicity, thrombocytopenia, and neural tube defects in pregnancy.
Treatment entails stopping offending drug if possible, administration of anxiolytics or cholinomimetics if needed.
Two compounds that bind to benzodiazepine binding site on GABA receptor, but arenot benzodiazepines.
Two anxiolytics that affect GABA receptor, but have no withdrawal effects and no tolerance/dependence with prolonged use.
Anxiolytic that affects serotonin receptors. Low potential for abuse/addiction. Does not potentiate effects of alcohol.