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Significance and Use
3.1 Theoretically, all of the sediment and water determination methods are valid for crude oils containing from 0 to 100 % by volume sediment and water; the range of application is specified within the scope of each method. The round robins for all methods were conducted on relatively dry oil. All precision and bias statements included in the methods are based upon the round robin data. Analysis becomes more challenging with crude oils containing higher water contents due to the difficulty in obtaining a representative sample, and maintaining the sample quality until analysis begins.
3.2 Currently, Karl Fischer is generally used for dry crude oils containing less than 5 % water. Distillation is most commonly used for dry and wet crude oils and where separate sediment analysis is available or in situations where the sediment result is not significant. The laboratory centrifuge methods allow for determination of total sediment and water in a single analysis. The field centrifuge method is used when access to controlled laboratory conditions are not available.
3.3 In the event of a dispute with regard to sediment and water content, contracting parties may refer to the technical specifications table to determine the most appropriate referee method based upon knowledge of and experience with the crude oil or product stream.
1.1 This guide covers a summary of the water and sediment determination methods from the API MPMS Chapter 10 for crude oils. The purpose of this guide is to provide a quick reference to these methodologies such that the reader can make the appropriate decision regarding which method to use based on the associated benefits, uses, drawbacks and limitations.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents (purchase separately) The documents listed below are referenced within the subject standard but are not provided as part of the standard.
D473 Test Method for Sediment in Crude Oils and Fuel Oils by the Extraction Method (API MPMS Chapter 10.1)
D4006 Test Method for Water in Crude Oil by Distillation (API MPMS Chapter 10.2)
D4007 Test Method for Water and Sediment in Crude Oil by the Centrifuge Method (Laboratory Procedure) (API MPMS Chapter 10.3)
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products (API MPMS Chapter 8.1)
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products (API MPMS Chapter 8.2)
D4377 Test Method for Water in Crude Oils by Potentiometric Karl Fischer Titration
D4807 Test Method for Sediment in Crude Oil by Membrane Filtration
D4928 Test Method for Water in Crude Oils by Coulometric Karl Fischer Titration
D5854 Practice for Mixing and Handling of Liquid Samples of Petroleum and Petroleum Products (API MPMS Chapter 8.3)
ICS Number Code 75.040 (Crude petroleum)
UNSPSC Code 15101508(Crude oil)
ASTM D7829-13e1, Standard Guide for Sediment and Water Determination in Crude Oil, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2013, www.astm.orgBack to Top