David Bourget (Western Ontario)
David Chalmers (ANU, NYU)
Rafael De Clercq
Jack Alan Reynolds
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Studia Logica 46 (4):347 - 370 (1987)
A structure which generalizes formulas by including substitution terms is used to represent proofs in classical logic. These structures, called expansion trees, can be most easily understood as describing a tautologous substitution instance of a theorem. They also provide a computationally useful representation of classical proofs as first-class values. As values they are compact and can easily be manipulated and transformed. For example, we present an explicit transformations between expansion tree proofs and cut-free sequential proofs. A theorem prover which represents proofs using expansion trees can use this transformation to present its proofs in more human-readable form. Also a very simple computation on expansion trees can transform them into Craig-style linear reasoning and into interpolants when they exist. We have chosen a sublogic of the Simple Theory of Types for our classical logic because it elegantly represents substitutions at all finite types through the use of the typed -calculus. Since all the proof-theoretic results we shall study depend heavily on properties of substitutions, using this logic has allowed us to strengthen and extend prior results: we are able to prove a strengthen form of the firstorder interpolation theorem as well as provide a correct description of Skolem functions and the Herbrand Universe. The latter are not straightforward generalization of their first-order definitions.
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References found in this work BETA
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Citations of this work BETA
Uwe Reyle & Dov M. Gabbay (1994). Direct Deductive Computation on Discourse Representation Structures. Linguistics and Philosophy 17 (4):343 - 390.
Stefan Hetzl (2010). On the Form of Witness Terms. Archive for Mathematical Logic 49 (5):529-554.
Willem Heijltjes (2010). Classical Proof Forestry. Annals of Pure and Applied Logic 161 (11):1346-1366.
Stefan Hetzl, Alexander Leitsch & Daniel Weller (2011). CERES in Higher-Order Logic. Annals of Pure and Applied Logic 162 (12):1001-1034.
Richard McKinley (2013). Canonical Proof Nets for Classical Logic. Annals of Pure and Applied Logic 164 (6):702-732.
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