QUALITY OF THE OFFAL OF BULL-CALVES IN PROCESS OF FATTENING
Nurlibai Zh. Kazhgaliev - Candidate of Agricultural Sciences
S.Seifullin Kazakh Agro Technical University, Astana, Kazakhstan
Key words: bull-calves, breed, process, group, food, Kazakhstan.
Object of research – bull-calves Kazakh white-head breed of large horned livestock planted in the west of Kazakhstan.
The aim of the research – The quality of the constituent bodies of offal in the process of intensive fattening of bulls, the growth of their mass and improve the quality of raw meat products.
Research methods: Feeding and meat qualities, a chemical compound of compound bodies of an offal, young growth of large horned livestock were defined by technique VASHNIL (1983), VNIIZH (1968), factors of growth of bodies were studied by R.T.Berg, R.M.Batterfild's technique (1979). Marketability of the hulk, lethal qualities, an organoleptic estimation of meat products were defined on GOST 5110-55 and 9959-91. Biometric processing of digital materials was spent by N.A.Plohinskij's technique (1980).
Results of research. At 100-day fattening bull-calves with use local and nonconventional (grain of safflower) forages owing to intensive growth of the hulk (in 1,24-1,41 times) and internal fat (1,48-2,56 times), an offal ²² categories have slightly decreased from 10,7% to 10,2-10,4%.
In process of fattening at bull-calves ²² the skilled group, using grain of safflower, growth of an offal ² and ²² categories occurs more intensively (1,38 and 1,32 times), than at bull-calves ² the skilled group, eating only local forages and control group of the bull-calves fattened in economic conditions (1,21-1,30 and 1,19 - 1,25).
For the period of fattening at bull-calves among the bodies which are a part of an offal ² of a category, higher intensity the liver (1,03-1,09), a diaphragm (0,91-1,01), meat-bone a tail (0,94-0,98) and low - brains (0,90-0,93), language (0,89-0,91) and kidneys (0,77-0,90) differed. Growth of these bodies (except kidneys) at bull-calves ²² skilled group occurs more intensively, than at contemporaries ² skilled, especially from control group.
In process of fattening young growth LHL (large horned livestock) among the bodies which are a part ²² of a category of an offal, more intensive growth the hem, ears, lips (1,01-1,03), and rate of growth of the book differed, abomasums it has appeared low (0,77-0,87). At bull-calves ²² groups intensity of growth of abomasums (0,97 against 0,90), lips (1,23 against 1,09) and ears (1,09 against 1,05) it has appeared high, and spleen growth (1,03 against 0,84), a gullet (0,91 against 0,86) - low, than at bull-calves from ² skilled group.
Power value of the bodies which are a part ² of a category, especially at a liver, kidneys, tail and diaphragm meat-bone has appeared high at bull-calves ²² groups, than at contemporaries from ² skilled, especially from control group.
At bull-calves ²² skilled group in bodies ²² categories of an offal (on 0,8-2,1 units above) especially in abomasums, a hem, ears, head pulp (on 1,5-2,1 units above) the fat maintenance was above, than at contemporaries ² skilled group.
In the course of intensive cultivation and îòêîðìà the gain of an offal at increase of live weight of bull-calves with 225 to 260 kg has made 5,1 kg, with 260 to 295 kg – 5,5 kg and with 295 to 330 kg – 2,3 kg, that is last periods of preparation of bull-calves on meat the gain of an offal in connection with intensive growth of weight of the hulk has decreased. The gain of an offal ² categories with increase of weight categories was in limits of 0,81-1 kg, and ²² categories–1,8-4,6 kg. In this connection the exit ² and ²² categories of an offal with increase of weight categories of bull-calves has a little decreased according to 3,5% and 10,7% to 3,1 and 10,2 %.
New sausages and canned food made from offal I and II categories, obtained from slaughter taken from fattening bulls with aromatic herbs, have received high ratings (4,2-4,4 points), which indicates the possibility of full utilization the production of meat products.
The basic constructive, technological and tehniko-operational characteristics. On the basis of studying of dynamics of growth of weight and quality of the bodies which are a part of an offal of bull-calves in process, local and nonconventional forages and manufacturing from them meat products reveal more effective methods of improvement of quality of an offal and meat products.
The recommendation about introduction or results of introduction of research work. Results of research work are recommended to be used in the economy which are engaged in cultivation of large horned livestock both the processing enterprises and shops.
Economic entities of different forms of ownership, distributing cattle and processing enterprises and shops.
Intensive fattening young growth of large horned livestock with use of local and nonconventional forages (safflower’s grain) promotes reception from 1 head of bull-calves 12888-15782 tenges of profit at profitability of 25,5-36,6 %.
With intensive fattening bulls II in the experimental group compared with their peers from ² experimental and control groups received respectively from 1 head 641 and 2,894 tenge, with an offal - 221 and 448 tenge profits.
Intensive fattening bull-calves aulieatin breeds, with use of local and nonconventional forages, promotes finishing of a daily average gain of animals with 690-720 ã to 1010-1060 ã, to an exit of the hulk with 50,4% to 52,3%; growth of weight of an offal with 34,6 kg to 46,1 kg, and to improvement of quality of an offal ² and ²² a category the sausage products made of them and canned food.
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