Heavily influenced by the Chinese to the north and Indian-influenced Khmer and Cham musical traditions to the south, this blend has produced an original style and instrumentation for Vietnamese music. Written music and the five note (pentatonic) scale may be of Chinese origin, but Vietnamese choral music is unique, as the melody and the tones must move as one; the melody cannot rise during a verse that has a falling tone. Vietnamese folk music is usually sung without any instrumental accompaniment and was adapted by the Communist Party for many a patriotic marching song. Classical, or 'learned music ', is rather formal and frigid. It was performed at the imperial court for th e entertainment of the mandarin elite. There are two main types of classical chamber music: hat a dao from the north and ca Hue from central Vietnam. Traditiona l music is played on a wide array of indigenous instruments, dating back to the ancient do son drums that are sought-after works of art. The best known traditional instrument in use is the dan bau, a single-stringed zither that generates an astounding array of tones. Also common at performances of traditional music is the dan tranh, a 16-string zither with a haunting melody, and the to rung, a large bamboo xylophone. Each of Vietnam's ethno-linguistic minorities has its own musical traditions that often include distinctive costumes and instruments, such as reed flutes, lithophones (similar to xylophones), bamboo whistles, gongs and stringed instruments made from gourds.The easiest way to catch a performance of Vietnamese music is to dine at one of the many local restaurants offering traditional performances. Several museums offer short performances
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