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Number of IP Addresses and Multihoming
(Page 1 of 2)
Each network interface on an IP internetwork
has a separate IP address. In a classical network, each regular computer,
usually called a host, attaches to the network in exactly only
one place, so it will have only one IP address. This is what most of
us are familiar with when using an IP network (and is also why most
people use the term host when they really mean network
If a device has more than one interface
to the internetwork, it will have more than one IP address. The most
obvious case where this occurs is with routers, which connect together
different networks and thus must have an IP address for the interface
on each one. It is also possible for hosts to have more than one IP
address, however. Such a device is sometimes said to be multihomed.
There are two ways that a host can
- Two Or More Interfaces To The Same Network:
Devices such as servers or high-powered workstations may be equipped
with two physical interfaces to the same network for performance and/or
reliability reasons. They will have two IP addresses on the same network
with the same network ID.
- Interfaces To Two Or More Different Networks:
Devices may have multiple interfaces to different networks. The IP addresses
will typically have different network IDs in them.
shows examples of both types of multihomed device. Of course, these
could be combined, with a host having two connections to one network
and a third to another network. There are also some other special
cases, such as a host with a single network connection having
multiple IP address aliases.
Figure 59: Multihomed Devices On An IP Internetwork
This internetwork consists of two LANs, A (shown in purple) and B (shown in blue). LAN A has a multihomed workstation, shown with two IP network interface circles. The two LANs are connected together through a multihomed, shared server, that has been configured to route traffic between them. Note that this server also handles all traffic passing between LAN B and the Internet (since the Internet connection is in LAN A only.)
Note: When subnetting is used the same distinction can be made between multihoming to the same subnet or a different subnet.
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Version 3.0 - Version Date: September 20, 2005
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