A. a British force, 500; the popular rising
Aborigines, probably of neolithic descent, and massacre at Kabul and of the re.
go; still found in desert and hilly tracts, treating British army, 500, 50r; the
especially of the South, 305,322; driven British army of retribution (r842), 501;
there by Dravidian invaders, 322; traces Lord Ellenborough's proclamation and
of their speech in the languages of hill the' Gates of Somnath,' 501, 502; second
tribes, 321; their colour and subjuga- Afghan War (I878-80), Treaty (I879)
tion referred to in the Rigveda, 22I; of Gandamak, rSi; murder of Cava-
their servile position the origin of caste gnari, 518; campaign of Sir Frederick
and the Sudras, 224. Roberts, occupation of Kabul, march
Abu'l Fazl, Akbar's great minister and to Kandahar, and complete defeat
his historian in the Afin-i-AkbarZ, 398; (i85o) of Aytb Khan, 518, 519; the
murdered at the instance of Jahangir, Afgban Boundary Commission (I885)
398; quoted on Akbar's patronage of and the Panjdeh incident, 521, 522; the
painting, 130, 131. Durand Agreement (1893) and Line,
Accent, musical of Vedas, 210, like Greek 524, 525. See alsoKabul andKandahar.
gave place to stress accent, 210. Agni, the Vedic god of fire, 214, 2I5.
Adichanallf1r, prehistoric cemetery at, 97; Agnikula clans of Rajputs, legend of, 309.
its urns and tombs of Stone Age and of Agra, Akbar's capital, 397; ShAhjahan's
much more recent times, 97. Taj Mahal,and Moti Masjid at, 200, 40I;
Adil Shkhis, Muhammadan (Turkish) English factory at (1612), 457; capture
dynasty of Bijapur in the Deccan of, by Lake, 491.
(1490-1686), 385; founded by a re- Agricultural banks (I9o04), 528.
volter from the Bahmanis, 386; his Agriculture, Department of, 517, 520.
perversion to Shiahism, 386; their wars Ahmad Shah of Gujarat (1413-43),
with Vijayanagar and its final destruc- founded and built Ahmadabad, i95,
tion (i565) at Talikot by a Miuham- 3,6; his wars abroad, peace at home,
madan confederacy, 386; intrigues of 376, 379; his wife's tomb, 126.
generals, disputed successions, 386; Ahmad Shah, Mughal emperor (1748-
siege of Bijapur (i633) for two years 54), a puppet in the hands of women,
by Shahjahan, finally raised and peace Wazirs, and a eunuch, 409, 4i0; de-
made, 386, 387; failure (I665) of com- posed, blinded, and imprisoned, 4Io;
bined attack of Marathas and Mughals, the Marathas, invoked to put down the
387; gave (1667) tribute and territory Afghans, become all-powerful, 4Io0.
to Sivaji, 387; finally (1686) conquered Ahmad Shah Durrani, proclaimed (1747)
and overthrown by Aurangzeb, 387; king at Kandahar, 409; invasion of
a table of the dynasty, 387; the Persian India and defeat (1748), 409; again
(Shiah) character of their magnificent invaded (I-,7) India, occupied Delhi,
architecture, I97, I98; the giant dome proclaimed king, 410o; driven away by
of great tomb of Muhammad Adil cholera, 410o; combined with Muham-
Shali, I97. madan nobles to defeat (I761) the
Adoption, Hindu theory of, 506; Lord Marathas at Panipat, 411.
Dalhousie's refusal to recognize it in Ahmadabad, architecture of, i95, I96.
political successions, 509; recognized by Atn-i-Akbar, the, 398, 399.
the Queen's Proclamation (1858), 515. Aihole, temples at, 175.
Afghanistan and the Afghans: Babar, ruler Ahmadnagar, Nizam ShShi dynasty of,
of Kabul and Kandahar before his con- history and table of, 386, 3S8, 389.
quest of Delhi, 394; the Sr or Afghan Ahom literature, like Assamese, mainly
emperors of Delhi, 395 397; under historical. 435.
the Durranis (I 747-I826,409-411,499; Ajanta, paintings in the caves of, described
Elphinstone's mission 1So9' to, 493, and criticized, I17-I2I.
500: the accession of Dost Muhammad Ajmer, English factory at (r612), 457.
(1837), 500o Burnes's unsuccessful mis- Akbar the Great, founder of the Mughal
sion to counteract Russian influence, empire, succeeded his father at the age
500; Shah Shuja thrust upon the throne of fourteen (I556-16o5), 397; his great
of Kabul and kept there (1839-41) by victory ka556) at Panipat over his