'Ginseng Ficus' also called 'Pot Bellied Ficus' as well as many other common names is one of the most common varieties of Ficus offered over the internet as well as in many department and box stores. Ginseng refers to the "trunk's" similar look to a Ginseng plants roots. It is in reality just one of the many varieties of Ficus microcarpa, also called Ficus retusa.
A typical Ginseng Ficus plant has two or more large roots that have been elevated above the soil level to create what appear to be a trunk and then a cluster of branches arising out of the roots. A foliage canopy is perched over the roots to finish off the bonsai.
Those who purchase these plants are often fascinated by the myriad of puzzling forms exhibited by the roots. The elevated roots can look like human legs or animals or many other possible things. Others seem puzzled by how to shape these into more traditional looking bonsai with a trunk and typical branching patterns.
One possibility to try if you wish a conventional looking bonsai is to repot the tree moving the large fleshy roots to parallel the soil surface and then covering most of the horizontal roots with soil to conceal the major bulk of the roots below soil level. Expose only some of the surface of the roots to create an elegantly large rootage.
If the large roots are removed and only the fine roots are allowed to remain, these fine roots will enlarge over time to recreate the same problem.
Probably the best approach is to simply enjoy the tree for its unusual and unique features.
The best of ginseng ficus care is that it can tolerate low light conditions but thrives best in well-lit areas with natural sunlight. The ginseng ficus should be placed in a sunny location, preferably one with a southern exposure. If using growing lights, the tree needs to no more than 12” away from the light source. Proper care of ficus plants includes providing fresh air, ample light, and adequate ventilation.
Pinch the leaves to develop a good-looking crown. A good rule of green thumb for ficus ginseng is, for every six new leaves that grow, pinch off half to maintain the plant’s symmetry.
Ginseng ficus pruning tips
The objective of pruning is to limit growth and form the ginseng ficus into its desired shape. Trimming should begin early in the tree’s development and continue as it grows. You can use bonsai shears or sharp scissors when shaping ficus trees to remove branches and foliage.
Another valuable tool when you prune ginseng ficus tree is called the concave cutter. It allows you to remove tree limbs without leaving behind noticeable scars. Repotting the plant may be necessary each year or as far apart as three years depending on how often you prune the ficus.
Ideal Soil for ficus ginseng plant
Bonsai use a free draining system type of soil because its roots cannot stand “wet feet”.
By starting with and maintaining high-quality soil, your time and effort will be rewarded in a beautiful display of healthful plants.
A tropical/sub/tropical or conifer mix is two basic types of Ginseng Ficus soil mixes. Ginseng Ficus soil is made of a mixture, which allows the water to drain freely and retain moisture simultaneously. Since ficus are grown in limited soil amounts, sufficient fertilizer is important. In the spring, give a small amount of feed, followed by a larger dose in the fall.
You may also add a vitamin supplement to the mix. Fertilizer should contain nitrogen, potash, iron, and phosphoric acid. A simple method is to fertilize using time-release granules where the nutrients are released into the soil slowly.
The ginseng ficus needs moderate watering, more so during the warmer weather and less throughout the colder months. The ginseng ficus will overlook being over watered occasionally and is forgiving should watering be neglected sometimes. It thrives most with regular misting.
Place the ficus on a humidity tray and add water. As the water evaporates, it creates a humid environment around the tree to mimic its native home in the rainforest. Pebbles placed in the bottom of the tray separate the pot from the water and prevent the roots from standing in water.
The ginseng ficus trees are grown in less soil than most houseplants so they require more watering. Until you are able to look at the foliage to gauge whether it needs watering, test for dryness with your finger just below the surface or purchase moisture meter.