URINE: FORMED? FLOWS THROUGH? STORED? ELIMINATED VIA?
in the kidneys and flows through the ureters to the urinary bladder, which stores urine until t is eliminated from the body through the urethra
bean shaped, retro peritoneal.....either of two bean-shaped excretory organs that filter wastes (especially urea) from the blood and excrete them and water in urine
the concave surface of each kidney faces the vertebral column and contains a vertical fissure called the renal hilud
Outermost layer of the kidney composed of dense irregular tissue; anchors kidney to the back of the body wall
a smooth transparent membrane the adheres tightly to the external aspect of the kidney, outside layer. think connective tirruse keeping substances inside.
WHAT TRAVELS THROUGH THE RENAL SINUS?
BLOOD VESSELS, LYMPHATIC, AND NERVES...the rest is adipose that fills it
duct through which urine is discharged in most mammals and which serves as the male genital duct
formed by 3 layer of muscles contracts and compress urinary bladder to expel urine into urethra
URINARY BLADDER: MALE VS WOMAN: LOCATION
males: bladdar is anterior to the rectum and posteror to the pubic symphysis. in females:urinary bladdar is anterior to the vagina, inferior to the uterus and posterior to the pubic symthesis
INTERNAL URETHRAL SPHINCTER
located at the neck of the urinary bladder, these smooth muscle fibers provide involuntary control over the discharge of urine from the bladder
EXTERNAL URETHRAL SPHINCTER
sphincter muscle or valve that is more inferiorly located on the bladder. helps to control the outflow of urine from the bladder. This sphincter is voluntarily controlled
detrusor muscle contracts and forces urine out of the urinary bladder, and the internl and external urethral sphincters relax to allow passage of urine.
1 million nephrons in kidney filter blood from urine. it contains a RENAL CORPUS FILTRATE that filter blood and a RENAL TUBULE that modifies the filtrate o form urine
RENAL CORPUSCLE: LOCATED? CONSISTS OF?
located in the renal cortex. consists of glomerulus and a glomerular capsule, a cup shaped epithelial membrane surrounding the glomerulus
CAPSULAR SPACE/GLOMERULAR CAVITY
blood is foltered into here. it is not called FILTRATE and it drains into the renal tubule
RENAL TUBULE: 3 STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL SECTIONS
proximal convoluted tubule, loop of henle, distal convoluted tubule
distal convoluted tubules from several nephrons drain the liquid (now called urine) into COLLECTING DUCTS that descend through the renal pyraids and mrege to form larger PAPILLARY DUCTS
smaller in diameter. receives blood from the glomerulus. delivers blood to a second capillary bed, the PERITUBULAR CAPILLARY NETWORK that entwines the renal tubule
2 TYPES OF NEPHRONS
CORTICAL NEPHRON (short loops of Henle that descend slightly into the medulla) JUXTAMEDULLARY NEPHRON (long loops of Henle that extend deep into the medulla)
KIDNEY: GLOMERULAR (BOWMANS) CAPSULE: COMPOSED OF?
visceral and parietal epithelial layer. both are simple squamous epithelium
KIDNEY: VISCERAL LAYER:CONTAINS?
forms part of the filtration membrane, is adjacent to the glomerulus. contains podocytes (foot like projections of simple squamous epithelium)
KIDNEY: PARIETAL LAYER
forms a funnel-like structure that collects the filtrate within the capsular space.
URETERS: COMPOSED OF3 LAYERS?
MUCOSA that lines the lumen, MUSCULARIS a msucular layer, OUTER ADVENTITIAL LAYER
contains Transitional epithelium that can distend to accommodate urine, and a n underlying lamina propria of areolar connective tissue
the function of the muscularis layer, moves urine from the renal pelvis to the urinary bladder
T OR F: the urethra consists of a mucosa surrounded by a muscularis layer of circular smooth muscle