Disasters, whether natural or complex, can outstrip the capacity of the local health system to provide the required care, either because of a massive number of casualties or as a result of damage to healthcare infrastructure. As a consequence, both affected and collaborating countries try to find ways to facilitate medical care to the affected population. One potential solution could be a mobile field hospital, yet there have been mixed reports regarding the cost-effectiveness of such efforts, particularly in developing countries.
These perceived shortcomings prompted the World Health Organization and the Pan American Health Organization to convene a meeting of experts to review guidelines regarding when it is appropriate to dispatch or donate a foreign field hospital. Presented in a clear, easy-to-consult format, the 20-page guidelines outline essential requirements and additional, or optional criteria for field hospitals used for emergency medical care during the first 48 hours; for follow-up trauma and medical care up to two weeks after the disaster; and for donated facilities that can remain on site for several years. The guidelines also pose questions to ask and issues to clarify before a field hospital is dispatched or accepted. The highlights of these guidelines also have been incorporated into a brochure for widespread distribution.