Hormones influence their target cells by binding to specific .
When a hormone binds to its receptor, the chemical message is transformed into a cellular response.
The shape of a molecule has little to do with its biological activity.
-soluble hormone receptors are found in the nucleus or cytoplasm of the target cell.
Target cells convert the extracellular signal into an intracellular biochemical signal.
The binding of a hormone to a receptor can result in direct gene activation.
All cells respond to the binding of hormones in exactly the same way.
A person with low hormone levels over a prolonged period of time would have fewer hormone receptors than if hormone levels were normal.
Hormone receptors are replaced and recycled throughout the lifetime of the cell.
Second messenger systems such as cAMP cause of the signal.
An example of a second messenger is IP3, which results in calcium ion release from the endoplasmic reticulum.
The level of blood glucose is the primary regulator of insulin secretion.
Diabetes mellitus type is a disease characterized by insulin deficiency or absence.
Insulin binds to its target cell's tyrosine kinase receptors in order to stimulate several metabolic pathways.
All diabetics require insulin.
The most common disorder of the endocrine system is diabetes insipidus.
Hormone receptor complexes act as factors.