King Jaime I 'The Conqueror' of Aragon and Wives (Queen Leonor and Queen Yolanda)
Jaime I 'The Conquerer', King of Aragon, Count of Barcelona and Lord of Montpellier (Montpellier, 2 February 1208 – 27 July 1276); married 1stly in Soria on 6 June 1221 Princess Leonor of Castile, annulled in 1229 (1202 - Burgos 1244); married 2ndly in Barcelona on 8 September 1235 Princess Yolanda (Violante) of Hungary (Esztergom, ? 1216 – Huesca, 9 October 1253)
Reign: 1213 -1276
Predecessor: King Pedro II of Aragon
Succeeded by: King Pedro III of Aragon
Son Jaime & Leonor: Prince Alfonso of Aragon
Children Jaime & Yolanda: Queen Violante of Castile; Princess Constanca of Castile, Lady of Villena; King Pedro III of Aragon; King Jaime II of Mallorca, Lord of Montpellier; Prince Ferdinand; Princess Sancha of Aragon; Queen Isabel of France; Princess Maria of Aragon; Prince Sancho of Aragon, Archbisshop of Toledo and Princess Leonor of Aragon
Parents Jaime: King Pedro II of Aragon and Maria, heiress of Montpellier
Parents Leonor: King Alfonso VIII of Castile and Princess Eleonora of England
Parents Yolanda: King Andras II of Hungary and Violant of Courtenay, Princess of Constantinople
Sister Jaime: Princess Sancha of Aragon
Siblings Leonor: Queen Berengaria of Leon; Prince Sancho, Princess Sancha and Prince Enrique of Castile; Queen Urraca of Portugal; Queen Blanche of France; Prince Fernando, Prince Mafalda and Princess Constanca of Castile; Princess Constance of Castile, Abess of Las Huelgas and King Enrique I of Castile
Half Siblings Yolanda: Tsarina Maria of Bulgaria; King Bela IV of Hungary; Landgravine Elizabeth of Thuringia (Saint Elizabeth); King Coloman king of Halych-Volhynia, Duke of Slavonia; King Andras of Halych-Volhynia; Queen Constance of Bohemia and Duke István of Slavonia
James I the Conqueror (Catalan: Jaume el Conqueridor, Aragonese: Chaime lo Conqueridor, Spanish: Jaime el Conquistador, Occitan: Jacme lo Conquistaire; 2 February 1208 – 27 July 1276) was the King of Aragon, Count of Barcelona, and Lord of Montpellier from 1213 to 1276. His long reign saw the expansion of the Crown of Aragon on all sides: into Valencia to the south, Languedoc to the north, and the Balearic Islands to the east. By a treaty with Louis IX of France, he wrested the Principality of Catalonia from nominal French suzerainty and integrated it into his crown. His part in the Reconquista was similar in Mediterranean Spain to that of his contemporary Ferdinand III of Castile in Andalusia.
As a legislator and organiser, he occupies a high place among the Spanish kings. James compiled the Libre del Consulat de Mar, which governed maritime trade and helped establish Catalan supremacy in the western Mediterranean. He made Catalan the official language of his domains and sponsored Catalan literature, even a quasi-autobiographical chronicle of his reign: the Llibre dels fets.
James was born at Montpellier as the only son of Peter II and Mary, heiress of William VIII of Montpellier and Eudokia Komnene. As a child, James was a pawn in the power politics of Provence, where his father was engaged in struggles helping the Cathar heretics of Albi against the Albigensian Crusaders led by Simon IV de Montfort, Earl of Leicester, who were trying to exterminate them. Peter endeavoured to placate the northern crusaders by arranging a marriage between his son James and Simon's daughter. He entrusted the boy to be educated in Montfort's care in 1211, but was soon forced to take up arms against him, dying at the Battle of Muret on 12 September1213. Montfort would willingly have used James as a means of extending his own power had not the Aragonese and Catalans appealed to Pope Innocent III, who insisted that Montfort surrender him. James was handed over, at Carcassonne, in May or June 1214, to the papal legate Peter of Benevento.
James was then sent to Monzón, where he was entrusted to the care of William of Montredon, the head of the Knights Templar in Spain and Provence; the regency meanwhile fell to his great uncle Sancho, Count of Roussillon, and his son, the king's cousin, Nuño. The kingdom was given over to confusion until, in 1217, the Templars and some of the more loyal nobles brought the young king to Zaragoza.
In 1221, he was married to Eleanor, daughter of Alfonso VIII of Castile and Leonora of England. The next six years of his reign were full of rebellions on the part of the nobles. By the Peace of Alcalá of 31 March 1227, the nobles and the king came to terms.
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Violant of Hungary (Kingdom of Hungary, c. 1216 – 1253) was Queen consort of James I of Aragon. She is also called Jolánta in Hungarian, Yolanda or Violante de Hungría in Spanish and Iolanda or Violant d'Hongria in Catalan. Violant was a daughter of Andrew II of Hungary and Violant of Courtenay.
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