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In this paper, the authors address fault tolerance in wireless sensor networks. In order to make the presentation self-contained, the authors start by providing a short summary of sensor networks and classical fault tolerance techniques. After that, they discuss the three phases of fault tolerance (fault models, fault detection and identification and resiliency mechanisms) at four levels of abstractions (hardware, system software, middleware, and applications) and four scopes (components of individual node, individual node, network, and the distributed system). The technical cores of the chapter are two case-studies on heterogeneous fault tolerance and discrepancy minimization-based fault detection and correction. The authors conclude the chapter with a brief survey of the future directions for fault tolerance research in wireless sensor networks.
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