Some Biogeographers, Evolutionists and Ecologists:
Warming, (Johannes) Eugenius (Bülow)
from Wikipedia.org |
Although the term "ecology" had been invented by the German zoologist
Ernst Haeckel in 1866, it was Warming who first adapted the concept to
the study of plants. In his earlier years Warming had pursued floristics
(including significant studies on locations in the Arctic and Brazil)
and plant morphology studies, and by the 1870s had advanced to an evolutionary,
adaptation-based point of view that culminated in a well-received monographic
study in 1884. In 1895, however, he revolutionized botanical studies with
his book Plantesamfund, translated from the original Danish the
next year into German as Lehrbuch der Ökologischen Pflanzengeographie
(this eventually found its way into English in 1909 as Oecology of
Plants; An Introduction to the Study of Plant-Communities). In this
work Warming developed the notion of the plant community, relating this
unifying concept to more particular conditions of plant physiognomy and
adaptation, and to varying substrates and moisture regimes. Through this
book Warming effectively invented the field of plant ecology, also establishing
a new foundation for the ecological side of plant geography studies.
--born in Mandø, Denmark, on 3 November 1841.
--1863-1866: takes part in collecting expedition to the savanna portions
--1866-1871: studies under Martius, Naegeli, Radlkofer and von Hanstein
--1871: Ph.D., University of Copenhagen
--1873-1882: lecturer in botany at the University of Copenhagen
--1882-1885: professor of botany at the Royal Institution, Stockholm,
--1884: fieldwork in Greenland
--1884: publishes his Om Skudbygning, Overvintring og Foryngelse
--1885: fieldwork in Norway
--1886-1911: professor of botany and director of the botanical garden,
University of Copenhagen
--1890-1892: fieldwork in Venezuela and the West Indies
--1895: publishes his Plantesamfund
--1909: publishes his Oecology
--dies at Copenhagen, Denmark, on 2 April 1924.
--Dictionary of Scientific Biography, Vol. 14 (1976).
--Taxonomic Literature, Vol. 7 (1988).
--Botanisk Tidsskrift, Vol. 39 (1927): 1-56.
--Oikos, Vol. 26(2): 240-245.
--Nature, Vol. 113 (1924): 683-684.
--Journal of the History of Biology, Vol. 19 (1986): 181-196.
Copyright 2005 by Charles H. Smith. All rights
Return to Home/Alphabetical Listing by Name
Return to Listing by Country
Return to Listing by Discipline