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Location awareness and distance estimation cannot be underestimated in wireless sensor networks especially for the marine environment. State-of-the-art localization research and approaches have been thoroughly reviewed to illustrate the challenges imposed by inaccurate distance measurements and noisy backgrounds. Compared to existing localization approaches, the SemiDefinite Programming approach delivers accurate distance measurements even in hostile backgrounds. In this paper, two localization schemes, namely Fixed-Position, and Magnified-Range, are proposed. The main idea behind the Fixed-Position scheme is to improve connectivity of the whole system.
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