the electrolysis of water
is a weak electrolyte .When an electrolyte(acid, base or a salt) is added
to water, it conducts electricity.
When electric current is passed, water dissociates into positive and negative
ions. Hydrogen is
collected at cathode and oxygen at anode.
1) In tyre manufacturing industry.
gas obtained by the electrolysis of water is 100% pure.
is an expensive method due to electricity cost.
the cracking of methane
natural gas is heated in the absence of air up to 700C, it decomposes
to produce hydrogen.
During cracking of methane "Carbon Black"
is obtained as byproduct.
Uses of Carbon Black :
20, BLOCK # 15, DASTAGIR, KARACHI.
2) Printing ink.
5)Type writer ribbons.
thermal decomposition of ammonia
liquid ammonia is vaporized and heated up to 1000C in the presence of
a catalyst .It decomposes to
produce nitrogen and hydrogen.
N2 + 3H2
of Nitrogen :
Mixture of N2
and H2 is cooled to -196C .At -196C, N2 liquefies
and H2 is separated in gaseous state.
methyl alcohol is passed over steam at 250C, a mixture of hydrogen and
CO2 is obtained.
+ H2O è
CO2 + 3H2
Separation of C02 :-
When the mixture of H2 and CO2 is introduced in
to water at high pressure, CO2 is dissolved in water
and H2 gas is separated.
Coke and Steam Process
When steam is passed over red-hot coke, mixture
of CO and H2 known as Water Gas is obtained.
H2O + C è
CO + H2
Separation of CO
Method No. 1:
Water gas is cooled to -200C .At -200C temperature
CO liquefies and H2 is separated.
of traces of CO
so obtained contains few particles of CO. In order to remove these particles
H2 gas is treated with NaOH.
+ NaOH è
HCOONa (Sodium formate)
gas is heated with steam in the presence of iron oxide or cobalt oxide.
Due to this reaction CO is converted
in to CO2.
+ CO + H2O è
CO2 + 2H2
a mixture of H2 and CO2 is dissolved in water at
high pressure, CO2 is dissolved in water and H2
/ Natural gas method
+ H2O è
CO + 3H2