DistributionRead full entry
Range DescriptionGregorin (2006) indicated that this species occurs throughout the upper Amazon in Brazil in the states of Acre and Amazonas, to the south of the Rio SolimÃµes. If A. seniculus amazonica is a junior synonym of A. juara, A. juara would be the species to the north of the Rio SolimÃµes, west of the Rio Negro, extending into Colombia and the large part of the Peruvian Amazon, perhaps north of the Rio Inuya (A. puruensis to the south of the RÃo Inuya).
There is no information concerning the limits of the ranges of A. juara with A. seniculus of the Colombian Andes and Venezuela (type locality: Cartagena, Bolivar, Colombia), so they have been mapped together.
In Colombia, A. seniculus is absent from the Pacific and the desert of the Guajira Peninsula, and has not been reported from the Department of NariÃ±o (Defler 2004). Otherwise, it is present throughout the country, except in non-forested areas and mountainous regions above about 3,000 m above sea level (though it has been reported at 3,200 m in the Central Andes. In Venezuela, Bodini and PÃ©rez-HernÃ¡ndez (1987) indicate that the howler monkey north of the Rio Orinoco and west through Apure basin north of the Rio Meta the is a distinct, as yet undescribed, form of red howler, but Linares (1998) labeled it as A. arctoidea, otherwise also occurring along the north coast of Venezuela.
In summary, Alouatta juara-seniculus occurs west of the of the rios JuruÃ¡ and Envira through the Peruvian Amazon north (say) of the Rio Inuya, north along the Andean Cordillera into Ecuador and in Colombia including the Cordillera Central and the Cordillera Oriental into Venezuela around Lake Maracaibo, west of the Serra de Merida. It is possible that either an undescribed red howler (Bodini and PÃ©rez-HernÃ¡ndez 1987) or A. arctoidea (Linares 1998) occurs north of the Rio Meta in Colombia.