Question & Answers
This is because, H20 has intermolecular hydrogen bond between it's molecule (H-O-H------H-O-H) while H2S has weak Van Der Wals forces between it's molecule.Hence the molecules of H2O are strongly packed than H2S,thus water is at liquid state at room temperature,
The ability of Oxygen atom to pull electrons is greater than of Sulfur i.e. O is more electronegetive than S. When an hydrogen is connected to an highly electronegative element like Oxygen (this usually happens with fluorine, oxygen, and nitrogen), it has higher intermolecular forces like Hydrogen bonding. Its a very strong bond that packs the water molecules closely together, forming a liquid while sulfur does not attract H nearly as strongly so they dissociate into a gas.
In h2o there is hydrogen bonding because oxygen has a high electronegativity(only second to flourine). so, the hydrogen atoms from other molecules of water forms a hydrogen bonds with oxygen resulting in intermolecular hydrogen bonding. while in case of h2s, the electronegativity of sulphur is low compared to oxygen so,the hydrogen bonding is negligible in case of h2s. therefore at room temperature h2o is a liquid and h2s is a gas.
I know one often expects that water would be a gas at room temperature because of its low molecular weight in comparison to H2S which is much heavier than it. However, it is the polarity of the water molecules that make it a liquid at room temperature. The water molecule is dipolar because of the great difference in the polarities of oxygen and hydrogen. Thus, the hydrogen bonds that develop between the molecules as a result of this make water a liquid. Similarly, the hydrogen bonds are fairly weak between hydrogen sulphide molecules (because of a smaller dipolar moment of the molecule) and so, these can not bind to each other tightly enough to be called a liquid. finally i say that because of more polarity of hydrogen bonds in H20 makes it to be in liquid state
Its because of hydrogen bonding that occurs between the H and O of adjacent water molecules. Its a very strong bond that packs the water molecules closely together, forming a liquid. On adjacent molecules of H2S, sulfur does not attract H nearly as strongly so they dissociate into a gas.
The extent of intermolecular forces decides whether a substance is solid, liquid or gas. At room temperature H2O is in liquid state and H2S is in gaseous state. There is a high degree of interaction between H2O molecules due to hydrogen forces and dipole-dipole forces. Hydrogen bonding is significant only when Hydrogen atom is attached to highly electronegative and small sized atoms such as F, O, N etc.
On the other hand, in H2S extend of Hydrogen Bonding is very less and the dipole-dipole interactions are weak. This results in stronger intermolecular forces in H2O compared to H2S.
Note: Intermolecular force magnitude: Solids > Liquids > Gases.
The basic reason is Hydrogen Bonding, which is present in water and not in hydrogen sulfide. The reason why hydrogen bonding is strong in water is that oxygen is more electronegative than sulfur, so, oxygen pulls hydrogen closer to itself as compared to sulfur. Hence, water is a liquid, and hydrogen sulfide a gas.
water has high boiling point i.e 100 degree C and of H2S is -60 degree C. The reason of high melting point of water is Hydrogen bonding between O and H (H--O--H) ,which is very strong due to very high electronegativity of O i.e 3.44 . Where as in case of Sulphur this property do not exist although very weak vanderwall forces exist but they can not make the boiling point of H2S higher.
Its because of hydrogen bonding that occurs between the H and O of adjacent water molecules. The electronegativity (ability of an atom to pull electrons towards itself) of Oxygen is greater than that of Sulphur which means the hydrogen is pulled closer to oxygen, keeping it in a liquid phase rather than a less "tight" gas phase.
H2O is liquid because of its ability to form hydrogen bonds which is possible only in case of F , O and N because of their high electronegativity.While in case of H2S there is no hydrogen bond formation . Hence H20 is liquid while H2S is gas .
There are ionic bonds between Oxygen and Hydrogen present (O-H-O). Hence, due to the weak electromagnetic force between the molecules, H2O exists as a gas and not as a liquid/solid.
there is H-bonding in water which holds it together which is stronger than Vander walls force holding H2s molecules