<?php
/**
 * FileDescription
 *
 * This file is part of ADOdb, a Database Abstraction Layer library for PHP.
 *
 * @package ADOdb
 * @link https://adodb.org Project's web site and documentation
 * @link https://github.com/ADOdb/ADOdb Source code and issue tracker
 *
 * The ADOdb Library is dual-licensed, released under both the BSD 3-Clause
 * and the GNU Lesser General Public Licence (LGPL) v2.1 or, at your option,
 * any later version. This means you can use it in proprietary products.
 * See the LICENSE.md file distributed with this source code for details.
 * @license BSD-3-Clause
 * @license LGPL-2.1-or-later
 *
 * @copyright 2000-2013 John Lim
 * @copyright 2014 Damien Regad, Mark Newnham and the ADOdb community
 * @author John Lim
 * @author George Fourlanos <fou@infomap.gr>
 */

// security - hide paths
if (!defined('ADODB_DIR')) die();

/*
NLS_Date_Format
Allows you to use a date format other than the Oracle Lite default. When a literal
character string appears where a date value is expected, the Oracle Lite database
tests the string to see if it matches the formats of Oracle, SQL-92, or the value
specified for this parameter in the POLITE.INI file. Setting this parameter also
defines the default format used in the TO_CHAR or TO_DATE functions when no
other format string is supplied.

For Oracle the default is dd-mon-yy or dd-mon-yyyy, and for SQL-92 the default is
yy-mm-dd or yyyy-mm-dd.

Using 'RR' in the format forces two-digit years less than or equal to 49 to be
interpreted as years in the 21st century (2000-2049), and years over 50 as years in
the 20th century (1950-1999). Setting the RR format as the default for all two-digit
year entries allows you to become year-2000 compliant. For example:
NLS_DATE_FORMAT='RR-MM-DD'

You can also modify the date format using the ALTER SESSION command.
*/

# define the LOB descriptor type for the given type
# returns false if no LOB descriptor
function oci_lob_desc($type) {
	switch ($type) {
		case OCI_B_BFILE:  return OCI_D_FILE;
		case OCI_B_CFILEE: return OCI_D_FILE;
		case OCI_B_CLOB:   return OCI_D_LOB;
		case OCI_B_BLOB:   return OCI_D_LOB;
		case OCI_B_ROWID:  return OCI_D_ROWID;
	}
	return false;
}

class ADODB_oci8 extends ADOConnection {
	var $databaseType = 'oci8';
	var $dataProvider = 'oci8';
	var $replaceQuote = "''"; // string to use to replace quotes
	var $concat_operator='||';
	var $sysDate = "TRUNC(SYSDATE)";
	var $sysTimeStamp = 'SYSDATE'; // requires oracle 9 or later, otherwise use SYSDATE
	var $metaDatabasesSQL = "SELECT USERNAME FROM ALL_USERS WHERE USERNAME NOT IN ('SYS','SYSTEM','DBSNMP','OUTLN') ORDER BY 1";
	var $_stmt;
	var $_commit = OCI_COMMIT_ON_SUCCESS;
	var $_initdate = true; // init date to YYYY-MM-DD
	var $metaTablesSQL = <<<ENDSQL
		SELECT table_name, table_type
		FROM user_catalog
		WHERE table_type IN ('TABLE', 'VIEW') AND table_name NOT LIKE 'BIN\$%'
		ENDSQL; // bin$ tables are recycle bin tables
	var $metaColumnsSQL = <<<ENDSQL
		SELECT column_name, data_type, data_length, data_scale, data_precision, nullable, data_default
		FROM user_tab_columns
		WHERE table_name = '%s'
		ORDER BY column_id
		ENDSQL;
	var $metaColumnsSQL2 = <<<ENDSQL
		SELECT column_name, data_type, data_length, data_scale, data_precision, nullable, data_default
		FROM all_tab_columns
		WHERE owner = '%s' AND table_name = '%s'
		ORDER BY column_id
		ENDSQL; // When there is a schema
	var $_bindInputArray = true;
	var $hasGenID = true;
	var $_genIDSQL = "SELECT (%s.nextval) FROM DUAL";
	var $_genSeqSQL = "
DECLARE
	PRAGMA AUTONOMOUS_TRANSACTION;
BEGIN
	execute immediate 'CREATE SEQUENCE %s START WITH %s';
END;
";

	var $_dropSeqSQL = "DROP SEQUENCE %s";
	var $hasAffectedRows = true;
	var $random = "abs(mod(DBMS_RANDOM.RANDOM,10000001)/10000000)";
	var $noNullStrings = false;
	var $connectSID = false;
	var $_bind = array();
	var $_nestedSQL = true;
	var $_getarray = false; // currently not working
	var $leftOuter = '';  // oracle weirdness, $col = $value (+) for LEFT OUTER, $col (+)= $value for RIGHT OUTER
	var $session_sharing_force_blob = false; // alter session on updateblob if set to true
	var $firstrows = true; // enable first rows optimization on SelectLimit()
	var $selectOffsetAlg1 = 1000; // when to use 1st algorithm of selectlimit.
	var $NLS_DATE_FORMAT = 'YYYY-MM-DD';  // To include time, use 'RRRR-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS'
	var $dateformat = 'YYYY-MM-DD'; // DBDate format
	var $useDBDateFormatForTextInput=false;
	var $datetime = false; // MetaType('DATE') returns 'D' (datetime==false) or 'T' (datetime == true)
	var $_refLOBs = array();

	/*
	 * Legacy compatibility for sequence names for emulated auto-increments
	 */
	public $useCompactAutoIncrements = false;

	/*
	 * Defines the schema name for emulated auto-increment columns
	 */
	public $schema = false;

	/*
	 * Defines the prefix for emulated auto-increment columns
	 */
	public $seqPrefix = 'SEQ_';

	/*  function MetaColumns($table, $normalize=true) added by smondino@users.sourceforge.net*/
	function MetaColumns($table, $normalize=true)
	{
	global $ADODB_FETCH_MODE;

		$schema = '';
		$this->_findschema($table, $schema);

		$save = $ADODB_FETCH_MODE;
		$ADODB_FETCH_MODE = ADODB_FETCH_NUM;
		if ($this->fetchMode !== false) {
			$savem = $this->SetFetchMode(false);
		}

		if ($schema){
			$rs = $this->Execute(sprintf($this->metaColumnsSQL2, strtoupper($schema), strtoupper($table)));
		}
		else {
			$rs = $this->Execute(sprintf($this->metaColumnsSQL,strtoupper($table)));
		}

		if (isset($savem)) {
			$this->SetFetchMode($savem);
		}
		$ADODB_FETCH_MODE = $save;
		if (!$rs) {
			return false;
		}
		$retarr = array();
		while (!$rs->EOF) {
			$fld = new ADOFieldObject();
			$fld->name = $rs->fields[0];
			$fld->type = $rs->fields[1];
			$fld->max_length = $rs->fields[2];
			$fld->scale = $rs->fields[3];
			if ($rs->fields[1] == 'NUMBER') {
				if ($rs->fields[3] == 0) {
					$fld->type = 'INT';
				}
				$fld->max_length = $rs->fields[4];
			}
			$fld->not_null = $rs->fields[5] == 'N';
			$fld->binary = (strpos($fld->type,'BLOB') !== false);
			$fld->default_value = $rs->fields[6];

			if ($ADODB_FETCH_MODE == ADODB_FETCH_NUM) {
				$retarr[] = $fld;
			}
			else {
				$retarr[strtoupper($fld->name)] = $fld;
			}
			$rs->MoveNext();
		}
		$rs->Close();
		if (empty($retarr)) {
			return false;
		}
		return $retarr;
	}

	function Time()
	{
		$rs = $this->Execute("select TO_CHAR($this->sysTimeStamp,'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS') from dual");
		if ($rs && !$rs->EOF) {
			return $this->UnixTimeStamp(reset($rs->fields));
		}

		return false;
	}

	/**
	 * Connect to database.
	 *
	 * Multiple modes of connection are supported:
	 *
	 * 1. Local Database
	 *    $conn->connect(false, 'scott', 'tiger');
	 *
	 * 2. From tnsnames.ora
	 *    $conn->connect($tnsname, 'scott', 'tiger');
	 *    OR
	 *    $conn->connect(false, 'scott', 'tiger', $tnsname);
	 *
	 * 3. Server + service name
	 *    $conn->connect($serveraddress, 'scott, 'tiger', $service_name);
	 *
	 * 4. Server + SID
	 *    $conn->connectSID = true;
	 *    $conn->Connect($serveraddress,'scott,'tiger',$SID);
	 *    OR
	 *    $conn->Connect($serveraddress,'scott,'tiger',"SID=$SID");
	 *
	 * By default, the Session Mode will be set to OCI_DEFAULT, but it is
	 * possible to use one of other modes referenced in the
	 * {@link https://www.php.net/manual/en/function.oci-connect oci8_connect()}
	 * function's documentation, like this:
	 *    $conn->setConnectionParameter('session_mode', OCI_SYSDBA);
	 *    $conn->connect(...);
	 *
	 * @param string|false $argHostname DB server hostname or TNS name
	 * @param string $argUsername
	 * @param string $argPassword
	 * @param string $argDatabasename Service name, SID (defaults to null)
	 * @param int $mode Connection mode, defaults to 0
	 *                  (0 = non-persistent, 1 = persistent, 2 = force new connection)
	 *
	 * @return bool
	 */
	function _connect($argHostname, $argUsername, $argPassword, $argDatabasename=null, $mode=0)
	{
		if (!function_exists('oci_pconnect')) {
			return null;
		}
		#adodb_backtrace();

		$this->_errorMsg = false;
		$this->_errorCode = false;

		if($argHostname) { // added by Jorma Tuomainen <jorma.tuomainen@ppoy.fi>
			if (empty($argDatabasename)) {
				$argDatabasename = $argHostname;
			}
			else {
				if(strpos($argHostname,":")) {
					$argHostinfo=explode(":",$argHostname);
					$argHostname=$argHostinfo[0];
					$argHostport=$argHostinfo[1];
				} else {
					$argHostport = empty($this->port)?  "1521" : $this->port;
				}

				if (strncasecmp($argDatabasename,'SID=',4) == 0) {
					$argDatabasename = substr($argDatabasename,4);
					$this->connectSID = true;
				}
				$sidOrService = $this->connectSID ? 'SID' : 'SERVICE_NAME';
				$argDatabasename = "(DESCRIPTION="
					. "(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=$argHostname)(PORT=$argHostport))"
					. "(CONNECT_DATA=($sidOrService=$argDatabasename)))";
			}
		}

		// Determine the connect function to use based on connection mode
		switch ($mode) {
			case 1:  $ociConnectFunction = 'oci_pconnect';    break;
			case 2:  $ociConnectFunction = 'oci_new_connect'; break;
			default: $ociConnectFunction = 'oci_connect';
		}

		// Process the connection parameters
		$sessionMode      = OCI_DEFAULT;
		$clientIdentifier = '';
		foreach ($this->connectionParameters as $options) {
			foreach($options as $parameter => $value) {
				switch ($parameter) {
					case 'session_mode':
						$sessionMode = $value;
						break;
					case 'client_identifier':
						$clientIdentifier = $value;
						break;
				}
			}
		}

		$this->_connectionID = $ociConnectFunction(
			$argUsername,
			$argPassword,
			$argDatabasename,
			$this->charSet ?: '',
			$sessionMode
		);
		if (!$this->_connectionID) {
			return false;
		}

		// Set client identifier, but see documentation for limitations
		if ($clientIdentifier) {
			oci_set_client_identifier($this->_connectionID, $clientIdentifier);
		}

		if ($mode == 1 && $this->autoRollback ) {
			oci_rollback($this->_connectionID);
		}

		if ($this->_initdate) {
			$this->Execute("ALTER SESSION SET NLS_DATE_FORMAT='".$this->NLS_DATE_FORMAT."'");
		}

		return true;
	}

	function ServerInfo()
	{
		$arr['compat'] = $this->GetOne('select value from sys.database_compatible_level');
		$arr['description'] = @oci_server_version($this->_connectionID);
		$arr['version'] = ADOConnection::_findvers($arr['description']);
		return $arr;
	}
		// returns true or false
	function _pconnect($argHostname, $argUsername, $argPassword, $argDatabasename)
	{
		return $this->_connect($argHostname, $argUsername, $argPassword, $argDatabasename,1);
	}

	// returns true or false
	function _nconnect($argHostname, $argUsername, $argPassword, $argDatabasename)
	{
		return $this->_connect($argHostname, $argUsername, $argPassword, $argDatabasename,2);
	}

	function _affectedrows()
	{
		if (is_resource($this->_stmt)) {
			return @oci_num_rows($this->_stmt);
		}
		return 0;
	}

	function IfNull( $field, $ifNull )
	{
		return " NVL($field, $ifNull) "; // if Oracle
	}

	protected function _insertID($table = '', $column = '')
	{
		if ($this->schema)
		{
			$t = strpos($table,'.');
			if ($t !== false)
				$tab = substr($table,$t+1);
			else
				$tab = $table;

			if ($this->useCompactAutoIncrements)
				$tab = sprintf('%u',crc32(strtolower($tab)));

			$seqname = $this->schema.'.'.$this->seqPrefix.$tab;
		}
		else
		{
			if ($this->useCompactAutoIncrements)
				$table = sprintf('%u',crc32(strtolower($table)));

			$seqname = $this->seqPrefix.$table;
		}

		if (strlen($seqname) > 30)
			/*
			* We cannot successfully identify the sequence
			*/
			return false;

		return $this->getOne("SELECT $seqname.currval FROM dual");
	}

	// format and return date string in database date format
	function DBDate($d,$isfld=false)
	{
		if (empty($d) && $d !== 0) {
			return 'null';
		}

		if ($isfld) {
			$d = _adodb_safedate($d);
			return 'TO_DATE('.$d.",'".$this->dateformat."')";
		}

		if (is_string($d)) {
			$d = ADORecordSet::UnixDate($d);
		}

		if (is_object($d)) {
			$ds = $d->format($this->fmtDate);
		}
		else {
			$ds = date($this->fmtDate,$d);
		}

		return "TO_DATE(".$ds.",'".$this->dateformat."')";
	}

	function BindDate($d)
	{
		$d = ADOConnection::DBDate($d);
		if (strncmp($d, "'", 1)) {
			return $d;
		}

		return substr($d, 1, strlen($d)-2);
	}

	function BindTimeStamp($ts)
	{
		if (empty($ts) && $ts !== 0) {
			return 'null';
		}
		if (is_string($ts)) {
			$ts = ADORecordSet::UnixTimeStamp($ts);
		}

		if (is_object($ts)) {
			$tss = $ts->format("'Y-m-d H:i:s'");
		}
		else {
			$tss = date("'Y-m-d H:i:s'",$ts);
		}

		return $tss;
	}

	// format and return date string in database timestamp format
	function DBTimeStamp($ts,$isfld=false)
	{
		if (empty($ts) && $ts !== 0) {
			return 'null';
		}
		if ($isfld) {
			return 'TO_DATE(substr('.$ts.",1,19),'RRRR-MM-DD, HH24:MI:SS')";
		}
		if (is_string($ts)) {
			$ts = ADORecordSet::UnixTimeStamp($ts);
		}

		if (is_object($ts)) {
			$tss = $ts->format("'Y-m-d H:i:s'");
		}
		else {
			$tss = date("'Y-m-d H:i:s'",$ts);
		}

		return 'TO_DATE('.$tss.",'RRRR-MM-DD, HH24:MI:SS')";
	}

	function RowLock($tables,$where,$col='1 as adodbignore')
	{
		if ($this->autoCommit) {
			$this->BeginTrans();
		}
		return $this->GetOne("select $col from $tables where $where for update");
	}

	function MetaTables($ttype=false,$showSchema=false,$mask=false)
	{
		if ($mask) {
			$save = $this->metaTablesSQL;
			$mask = $this->qstr(strtoupper($mask));
			$this->metaTablesSQL .= " AND upper(table_name) like $mask";
		}
		$ret = ADOConnection::MetaTables($ttype,$showSchema);

		if ($mask) {
			$this->metaTablesSQL = $save;
		}
		return $ret;
	}

	// Mark Newnham
	function MetaIndexes ($table, $primary = FALSE, $owner=false)
	{
		// save old fetch mode
		global $ADODB_FETCH_MODE;

		$save = $ADODB_FETCH_MODE;
		$ADODB_FETCH_MODE = ADODB_FETCH_NUM;

		if ($this->fetchMode !== FALSE) {
			$savem = $this->SetFetchMode(FALSE);
		}

		// get index details
		$table = strtoupper($table);

		// get Primary index
		$primary_key = '';

		$rs = $this->Execute(sprintf("SELECT * FROM ALL_CONSTRAINTS WHERE UPPER(TABLE_NAME)='%s' AND CONSTRAINT_TYPE='P'",$table));
		if (!is_object($rs)) {
			if (isset($savem)) {
				$this->SetFetchMode($savem);
			}
			$ADODB_FETCH_MODE = $save;
			return false;
		}

		if ($row = $rs->FetchRow()) {
			$primary_key = $row[1]; //constraint_name
		}

		if ($primary==TRUE && $primary_key=='') {
			if (isset($savem)) {
				$this->SetFetchMode($savem);
			}
			$ADODB_FETCH_MODE = $save;
			return false; //There is no primary key
		}

		$rs = $this->Execute(sprintf("SELECT ALL_INDEXES.INDEX_NAME, ALL_INDEXES.UNIQUENESS, ALL_IND_COLUMNS.COLUMN_POSITION, ALL_IND_COLUMNS.COLUMN_NAME FROM ALL_INDEXES,ALL_IND_COLUMNS WHERE UPPER(ALL_INDEXES.TABLE_NAME)='%s' AND ALL_IND_COLUMNS.INDEX_NAME=ALL_INDEXES.INDEX_NAME",$table));


		if (!is_object($rs)) {
			if (isset($savem)) {
				$this->SetFetchMode($savem);
			}
			$ADODB_FETCH_MODE = $save;
			return false;
		}

		$indexes = array ();
		// parse index data into array

		while ($row = $rs->FetchRow()) {
			if ($primary && $row[0] != $primary_key) {
				continue;
			}
			if (!isset($indexes[$row[0]])) {
				$indexes[$row[0]] = array(
					'unique' => ($row[1] == 'UNIQUE'),
					'columns' => array()
				);
			}
			$indexes[$row[0]]['columns'][$row[2] - 1] = $row[3];
		}

		// sort columns by order in the index
		foreach ( array_keys ($indexes) as $index ) {
			ksort ($indexes[$index]['columns']);
		}

		if (isset($savem)) {
			$this->SetFetchMode($savem);
			$ADODB_FETCH_MODE = $save;
		}
		return $indexes;
	}

	function BeginTrans()
	{
		if ($this->transOff) {
			return true;
		}
		$this->transCnt += 1;
		$this->autoCommit = false;
		$this->_commit = OCI_DEFAULT;

		if ($this->_transmode) {
			$ok = $this->Execute("SET TRANSACTION ".$this->_transmode);
		}
		else {
			$ok = true;
		}

		return (bool)$ok;
	}

	function CommitTrans($ok=true)
	{
		if ($this->transOff) {
			return true;
		}
		if (!$ok) {
			return $this->RollbackTrans();
		}

		if ($this->transCnt) {
			$this->transCnt -= 1;
		}
		$ret = oci_commit($this->_connectionID);
		$this->_commit = OCI_COMMIT_ON_SUCCESS;
		$this->autoCommit = true;
		return $ret;
	}

	function RollbackTrans()
	{
		if ($this->transOff) {
			return true;
		}
		if ($this->transCnt) {
			$this->transCnt -= 1;
		}
		$ret = oci_rollback($this->_connectionID);
		$this->_commit = OCI_COMMIT_ON_SUCCESS;
		$this->autoCommit = true;
		return $ret;
	}


	function SelectDB($dbName)
	{
		return false;
	}

	function ErrorMsg()
	{
		if ($this->_errorMsg !== false) {
			return $this->_errorMsg;
		}

		if (is_resource($this->_stmt)) {
			$arr = @oci_error($this->_stmt);
		}
		if (empty($arr)) {
			if (is_resource($this->_connectionID)) {
				$arr = @oci_error($this->_connectionID);
			}
			else {
				$arr = @oci_error();
			}
			if ($arr === false) {
				return '';
			}
		}
		$this->_errorMsg = $arr['message'];
		$this->_errorCode = $arr['code'];
		return $this->_errorMsg;
	}

	function ErrorNo()
	{
		if ($this->_errorCode !== false) {
			return $this->_errorCode;
		}

		if (is_resource($this->_stmt)) {
			$arr = @oci_error($this->_stmt);
		}
		if (empty($arr)) {
			$arr = @oci_error($this->_connectionID);
			if ($arr == false) {
				$arr = @oci_error();
			}
			if ($arr == false) {
				return '';
			}
		}

		$this->_errorMsg = $arr['message'];
		$this->_errorCode = $arr['code'];

		return $arr['code'];
	}

	/**
	 * Format date column in sql string given an input format that understands Y M D
	 */
	function SQLDate($fmt, $col=false)
	{
		if (!$col) {
			$col = $this->sysTimeStamp;
		}
		$s = 'TO_CHAR('.$col.",'";

		$len = strlen($fmt);
		for ($i=0; $i < $len; $i++) {
			$ch = $fmt[$i];
			switch($ch) {
			case 'Y':
			case 'y':
				$s .= 'YYYY';
				break;
			case 'Q':
			case 'q':
				$s .= 'Q';
				break;

			case 'M':
				$s .= 'Mon';
				break;

			case 'm':
				$s .= 'MM';
				break;
			case 'D':
			case 'd':
				$s .= 'DD';
				break;

			case 'H':
				$s.= 'HH24';
				break;

			case 'h':
				$s .= 'HH';
				break;

			case 'i':
				$s .= 'MI';
				break;

			case 's':
				$s .= 'SS';
				break;

			case 'a':
			case 'A':
				$s .= 'AM';
				break;

			case 'w':
				$s .= 'D';
				break;

			case 'l':
				$s .= 'DAY';
				break;

			case 'W':
				$s .= 'WW';
				break;

			default:
				// handle escape characters...
				if ($ch == '\\') {
					$i++;
					$ch = substr($fmt,$i,1);
				}
				if (strpos('-/.:;, ',$ch) !== false) {
					$s .= $ch;
				}
				else {
					$s .= '"'.$ch.'"';
				}

			}
		}
		return $s. "')";
	}

	function GetRandRow($sql, $arr = false)
	{
		$sql = "SELECT * FROM ($sql ORDER BY dbms_random.value) WHERE rownum = 1";

		return $this->GetRow($sql,$arr);
	}

	/**
	 * This algorithm makes use of
	 *
	 * a. FIRST_ROWS hint
	 * The FIRST_ROWS hint explicitly chooses the approach to optimize response
	 * time, that is, minimum resource usage to return the first row. Results
	 * will be returned as soon as they are identified.
	 *
	 * b. Uses rownum tricks to obtain only the required rows from a given offset.
	 * As this uses complicated sql statements, we only use this if $offset >= 100.
	 * This idea by Tomas V V Cox.
	 *
	 * This implementation does not appear to work with oracle 8.0.5 or earlier.
	 * Comment out this function then, and the slower SelectLimit() in the base
	 * class will be used.
	 *
	 * Note: FIRST_ROWS hinting is only used if $sql is a string; when
	 * processing a prepared statement's handle, no hinting is performed.
	 */
	function SelectLimit($sql,$nrows=-1,$offset=-1, $inputarr=false,$secs2cache=0)
	{
		$nrows = (int) $nrows;
		$offset = (int) $offset;
		// Since the methods used to limit the number of returned rows rely
		// on modifying the provided SQL query, we can't work with prepared
		// statements so we just extract the SQL string.
		if(is_array($sql)) {
			$sql = $sql[0];
		}

		// seems that oracle only supports 1 hint comment in 8i
		if ($this->firstrows) {
			if ($nrows > 500 && $nrows < 1000) {
				$hint = "FIRST_ROWS($nrows)";
			}
			else {
				$hint = 'FIRST_ROWS';
			}

			if (strpos($sql,'/*+') !== false) {
				$sql = str_replace('/*+ ',"/*+$hint ",$sql);
			}
			else {
				$sql = preg_replace('/^[ \t\n]*select/i',"SELECT /*+$hint*/",$sql);
			}
			$hint = "/*+ $hint */";
		} else {
			$hint = '';
		}

		// If non-bound statement, $inputarr is false
		if (!$inputarr) {
			$inputarr = array();
		}

		if ($offset == -1 || ($offset < $this->selectOffsetAlg1 && 0 < $nrows && $nrows < 1000)) {
			if ($nrows > 0) {
				if ($offset > 0) {
					$nrows += $offset;
				}
				$sql = "select * from (".$sql.") where rownum <= :adodb_offset";

				$inputarr['adodb_offset'] = $nrows;
				$nrows = -1;
			}
			// note that $nrows = 0 still has to work ==> no rows returned

			return ADOConnection::SelectLimit($sql, $nrows, $offset, $inputarr, $secs2cache);
		} else {
			// Algorithm by Tomas V V Cox, from PEAR DB oci8.php

			// Let Oracle return the name of the columns
			$q_fields = "SELECT * FROM (".$sql.") WHERE NULL = NULL";

			if (! $stmt_arr = $this->Prepare($q_fields)) {
				return false;
			}
			$stmt = $stmt_arr[1];

			foreach($inputarr as $k => $v) {
				$i = 0;
				if ($this->databaseType == 'oci8po') {
					$bv_name = ":" . $i++;
				} else {
					$bv_name = ":" . $k;
				}
				if (is_array($v)) {
					// suggested by g.giunta@libero.
					if (sizeof($v) == 2) {
						oci_bind_by_name($stmt, $bv_name, $inputarr[$k][0], $v[1]);
					} else {
						oci_bind_by_name($stmt, $bv_name, $inputarr[$k][0], $v[1], $v[2]);
					}
				} else {
					$len = -1;
					if ($v === ' ') {
						$len = 1;
					}
					if (isset($bindarr)) {
						// prepared sql, so no need to oci_bind_by_name again
						$bindarr[$k] = $v;
					} else {
						// dynamic sql, so rebind every time
						oci_bind_by_name($stmt, $bv_name, $inputarr[$k], $len);
					}
				}
			}

			if (!oci_execute($stmt, OCI_DEFAULT)) {
				oci_free_statement($stmt);
				return false;
			}

			$ncols = oci_num_fields($stmt);
			for ( $i = 1; $i <= $ncols; $i++ ) {
				$cols[] = '"'.oci_field_name($stmt, $i).'"';
			}
			$result = false;

			oci_free_statement($stmt);
			$fields = implode(',', $cols);
			if ($nrows <= 0) {
				$nrows = 999999999999;
			}
			else {
				$nrows += $offset;
			}
			$offset += 1; // in Oracle rownum starts at 1

			$sql = "SELECT $hint $fields FROM".
				"(SELECT rownum as adodb_rownum, $fields FROM".
				" ($sql) WHERE rownum <= :adodb_nrows".
				") WHERE adodb_rownum >= :adodb_offset";
			$inputarr['adodb_nrows'] = $nrows;
			$inputarr['adodb_offset'] = $offset;

			if ($secs2cache > 0) {
				$rs = $this->CacheExecute($secs2cache, $sql,$inputarr);
			}
			else {
				$rs = $this->Execute($sql, $inputarr);
			}
			return $rs;
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Usage:
	 * Store BLOBs and CLOBs
	 *
	 * Example: to store $var in a blob
	 *    $conn->Execute('insert into TABLE (id,ablob) values(12,empty_blob())');
	 *    $conn->UpdateBlob('TABLE', 'ablob', $varHoldingBlob, 'ID=12', 'BLOB');
	 *
	 * $blobtype supports 'BLOB' and 'CLOB', but you need to change to 'empty_clob()'.
	 *
	 * to get length of LOB:
	 *    select DBMS_LOB.GETLENGTH(ablob) from TABLE
	 *
	 * If you are using CURSOR_SHARING = force, it appears this will case a segfault
	 * under oracle 8.1.7.0. Run:
	 *    $db->Execute('ALTER SESSION SET CURSOR_SHARING=EXACT');
	 * before UpdateBlob() then...
	 */
	function UpdateBlob($table,$column,$val,$where,$blobtype='BLOB')
	{

		//if (strlen($val) < 4000) return $this->Execute("UPDATE $table SET $column=:blob WHERE $where",array('blob'=>$val)) != false;

		switch(strtoupper($blobtype)) {
		default: ADOConnection::outp("<b>UpdateBlob</b>: Unknown blobtype=$blobtype"); return false;
		case 'BLOB': $type = OCI_B_BLOB; break;
		case 'CLOB': $type = OCI_B_CLOB; break;
		}

		if ($this->databaseType == 'oci8po')
			$sql = "UPDATE $table set $column=EMPTY_{$blobtype}() WHERE $where RETURNING $column INTO ?";
		else
			$sql = "UPDATE $table set $column=EMPTY_{$blobtype}() WHERE $where RETURNING $column INTO :blob";

		$desc = oci_new_descriptor($this->_connectionID, OCI_D_LOB);
		$arr['blob'] = array($desc,-1,$type);
		if ($this->session_sharing_force_blob) {
			$this->Execute('ALTER SESSION SET CURSOR_SHARING=EXACT');
		}
		$commit = $this->autoCommit;
		if ($commit) {
			$this->BeginTrans();
		}
		$rs = $this->_Execute($sql,$arr);
		if ($rez = !empty($rs)) {
			$desc->save($val);
		}
		$desc->free();
		if ($commit) {
			$this->CommitTrans();
		}
		if ($this->session_sharing_force_blob) {
			$this->Execute('ALTER SESSION SET CURSOR_SHARING=FORCE');
		}

		if ($rez) {
			$rs->Close();
		}
		return $rez;
	}

	/**
	 * Usage:  store file pointed to by $val in a blob
	 */
	function UpdateBlobFile($table,$column,$val,$where,$blobtype='BLOB')
	{
		switch(strtoupper($blobtype)) {
		default: ADOConnection::outp( "<b>UpdateBlob</b>: Unknown blobtype=$blobtype"); return false;
		case 'BLOB': $type = OCI_B_BLOB; break;
		case 'CLOB': $type = OCI_B_CLOB; break;
		}

		if ($this->databaseType == 'oci8po')
			$sql = "UPDATE $table set $column=EMPTY_{$blobtype}() WHERE $where RETURNING $column INTO ?";
		else
			$sql = "UPDATE $table set $column=EMPTY_{$blobtype}() WHERE $where RETURNING $column INTO :blob";

		$desc = oci_new_descriptor($this->_connectionID, OCI_D_LOB);
		$arr['blob'] = array($desc,-1,$type);

		$this->BeginTrans();
		$rs = ADODB_oci8::Execute($sql,$arr);
		if ($rez = !empty($rs)) {
			$desc->savefile($val);
		}
		$desc->free();
		$this->CommitTrans();

		if ($rez) {
			$rs->Close();
		}
		return $rez;
	}

	function Execute($sql,$inputarr=false)
	{
		if ($this->fnExecute) {
			$fn = $this->fnExecute;
			$ret = $fn($this,$sql,$inputarr);
			if (isset($ret)) {
				return $ret;
			}
		}
		if ($inputarr !== false) {
			if (!is_array($inputarr)) {
				$inputarr = array($inputarr);
			}

			$element0 = reset($inputarr);
			$array2d =  $this->bulkBind && is_array($element0) && !is_object(reset($element0));

			# see PHPLens Issue No: 18786
			if ($array2d || !$this->_bindInputArray) {

				# is_object check because oci8 descriptors can be passed in
				if ($array2d && $this->_bindInputArray) {
					if (is_string($sql)) {
						$stmt = $this->Prepare($sql);
					} else {
						$stmt = $sql;
					}

					foreach($inputarr as $arr) {
						$ret = $this->_Execute($stmt,$arr);
						if (!$ret) {
							return $ret;
						}
					}
					return $ret;
				} else {
					$sqlarr = explode(':', $sql);
					$sql = '';
					$lastnomatch = -2;
					#var_dump($sqlarr);echo "<hr>";var_dump($inputarr);echo"<hr>";
					foreach($sqlarr as $k => $str) {
						if ($k == 0) {
							$sql = $str;
							continue;
						}
						// we need $lastnomatch because of the following datetime,
						// eg. '10:10:01', which causes code to think that there is bind param :10 and :1
						$ok = preg_match('/^([0-9]*)/', $str, $arr);

						if (!$ok) {
							$sql .= $str;
						} else {
							$at = $arr[1];
							if (isset($inputarr[$at]) || is_null($inputarr[$at])) {
								if ((strlen($at) == strlen($str) && $k < sizeof($arr)-1)) {
									$sql .= ':'.$str;
									$lastnomatch = $k;
								} else if ($lastnomatch == $k-1) {
									$sql .= ':'.$str;
								} else {
									if (is_null($inputarr[$at])) {
										$sql .= 'null';
									}
									else {
										$sql .= $this->qstr($inputarr[$at]);
									}
									$sql .= substr($str, strlen($at));
								}
							} else {
								$sql .= ':'.$str;
							}
						}
					}
					$inputarr = false;
				}
			}
			$ret = $this->_Execute($sql,$inputarr);

		} else {
			$ret = $this->_Execute($sql,false);
		}

		return $ret;
	}

	/*
	 * Example of usage:
	 *    $stmt = $this->Prepare('insert into emp (empno, ename) values (:empno, :ename)');
	*/
	function Prepare($sql,$cursor=false)
	{
	static $BINDNUM = 0;

		$stmt = oci_parse($this->_connectionID,$sql);

		if (!$stmt) {
			$this->_errorMsg = false;
			$this->_errorCode = false;
			$arr = @oci_error($this->_connectionID);
			if ($arr === false) {
				return false;
			}

			$this->_errorMsg = $arr['message'];
			$this->_errorCode = $arr['code'];
			return false;
		}

		$BINDNUM += 1;

		$sttype = @oci_statement_type($stmt);
		if ($sttype == 'BEGIN' || $sttype == 'DECLARE') {
			return array($sql,$stmt,0,$BINDNUM, ($cursor) ? oci_new_cursor($this->_connectionID) : false);
		}
		return array($sql,$stmt,0,$BINDNUM);
	}

	function releaseStatement(&$stmt)
	{
		if (is_array($stmt)
			&& isset($stmt[1])
			&& is_resource($stmt[1])
			&& oci_free_statement($stmt[1])
		) {
			// Clearing the resource to avoid it being of type Unknown
			$stmt[1] = null;
			return true;
		}

		// Not a valid prepared statement
		return false;
	}

	/*
		Call an oracle stored procedure and returns a cursor variable as a recordset.
		Concept by Robert Tuttle robert@ud.com

		Example:
			Note: we return a cursor variable in :RS2
			$rs = $db->ExecuteCursor("BEGIN adodb.open_tab(:RS2); END;",'RS2');

			$rs = $db->ExecuteCursor(
				"BEGIN :RS2 = adodb.getdata(:VAR1); END;",
				'RS2',
				array('VAR1' => 'Mr Bean'));

	*/
	function ExecuteCursor($sql,$cursorName='rs',$params=false)
	{
		if (is_array($sql)) {
			$stmt = $sql;
		}
		else $stmt = ADODB_oci8::Prepare($sql,true); # true to allocate oci_new_cursor

		if (is_array($stmt) && sizeof($stmt) >= 5) {
			$hasref = true;
			$ignoreCur = false;
			$this->Parameter($stmt, $ignoreCur, $cursorName, false, -1, OCI_B_CURSOR);
			if ($params) {
				foreach($params as $k => $v) {
					$this->Parameter($stmt,$params[$k], $k);
				}
			}
		} else
			$hasref = false;

		/** @var ADORecordset_oci8 $rs */
		$rs = $this->Execute($stmt);
		if ($rs) {
			if ($rs->databaseType == 'array') {
				oci_free_statement($stmt[4]);
			}
			elseif ($hasref) {
				$rs->_refcursor = $stmt[4];
			}
		}
		return $rs;
	}

	/**
	 * Bind a variable -- very, very fast for executing repeated statements in oracle.
	 *
	 * Better than using
	 *    for ($i = 0; $i < $max; $i++) {
	 *        $p1 = ?; $p2 = ?; $p3 = ?;
	 *        $this->Execute("insert into table (col0, col1, col2) values (:0, :1, :2)", array($p1,$p2,$p3));
	 *    }
	 *
	 * Usage:
	 *    $stmt = $DB->Prepare("insert into table (col0, col1, col2) values (:0, :1, :2)");
	 *    $DB->Bind($stmt, $p1);
	 *    $DB->Bind($stmt, $p2);
	 *    $DB->Bind($stmt, $p3);
	 *    for ($i = 0; $i < $max; $i++) {
	 *        $p1 = ?; $p2 = ?; $p3 = ?;
	 *        $DB->Execute($stmt);
	 *    }
	 *
	 * Some timings to insert 1000 records, test table has 3 cols, and 1 index.
	 * - Time 0.6081s (1644.60 inserts/sec) with direct oci_parse/oci_execute
	 * - Time 0.6341s (1577.16 inserts/sec) with ADOdb Prepare/Bind/Execute
	 * - Time 1.5533s ( 643.77 inserts/sec) with pure SQL using Execute
	 *
	 * Now if PHP only had batch/bulk updating like Java or PL/SQL...
	 *
	 * Note that the order of parameters differs from oci_bind_by_name,
	 * because we default the names to :0, :1, :2
	 */
	function Bind(&$stmt,&$var,$size=4000,$type=false,$name=false,$isOutput=false)
	{

		if (!is_array($stmt)) {
			return false;
		}

		if (($type == OCI_B_CURSOR) && sizeof($stmt) >= 5) {
			return oci_bind_by_name($stmt[1],":".$name,$stmt[4],$size,$type);
		}

		if ($name == false) {
			if ($type !== false) {
				$rez = oci_bind_by_name($stmt[1],":".$stmt[2],$var,$size,$type);
			}
			else {
				$rez = oci_bind_by_name($stmt[1],":".$stmt[2],$var,$size); // +1 byte for null terminator
			}
			$stmt[2] += 1;
		} else if (oci_lob_desc($type)) {
			if ($this->debug) {
				ADOConnection::outp("<b>Bind</b>: name = $name");
			}
			//we have to create a new Descriptor here
			$numlob = count($this->_refLOBs);
			$this->_refLOBs[$numlob]['LOB'] = oci_new_descriptor($this->_connectionID, oci_lob_desc($type));
			$this->_refLOBs[$numlob]['TYPE'] = $isOutput;

			$tmp = $this->_refLOBs[$numlob]['LOB'];
			$rez = oci_bind_by_name($stmt[1], ":".$name, $tmp, -1, $type);
			if ($this->debug) {
				ADOConnection::outp("<b>Bind</b>: descriptor has been allocated, var (".$name.") binded");
			}

			// if type is input then write data to lob now
			if ($isOutput == false) {
				$var = $this->BlobEncode($var);
				$tmp->WriteTemporary($var);
				$this->_refLOBs[$numlob]['VAR'] = &$var;
				if ($this->debug) {
					ADOConnection::outp("<b>Bind</b>: LOB has been written to temp");
				}
			} else {
				$this->_refLOBs[$numlob]['VAR'] = &$var;
			}
			$rez = $tmp;
		} else {
			if ($this->debug)
				ADOConnection::outp("<b>Bind</b>: name = $name");

			if ($type !== false) {
				$rez = oci_bind_by_name($stmt[1],":".$name,$var,$size,$type);
			}
			else {
				$rez = oci_bind_by_name($stmt[1],":".$name,$var,$size); // +1 byte for null terminator
			}
		}

		return $rez;
	}

	function Param($name,$type='C')
	{
		return ':'.$name;
	}

	/**
	 * Usage:
	 *    $stmt = $db->Prepare('select * from table where id =:myid and group=:group');
	 *    $db->Parameter($stmt,$id,'myid');
	 *    $db->Parameter($stmt,$group,'group');
	 *    $db->Execute($stmt);
	 *
	 * @param array $stmt Statement returned by {@see Prepare()} or {@see PrepareSP()}.
	 * @param mixed $var PHP variable to bind to
	 * @param string $name Name of stored procedure variable name to bind to.
	 * @param bool $isOutput Indicates direction of parameter 0/false=IN  1=OUT  2= IN/OUT. This is ignored in oci8.
	 * @param int $maxLen Holds an maximum length of the variable.
	 * @param mixed $type The data type of $var. Legal values depend on driver.
	 *
	 * @link http://php.net/oci_bind_by_name
	*/
	function Parameter(&$stmt,&$var,$name,$isOutput=false,$maxLen=4000,$type=false)
	{
			if  ($this->debug) {
				$prefix = ($isOutput) ? 'Out' : 'In';
				$ztype = (empty($type)) ? 'false' : $type;
				ADOConnection::outp( "{$prefix}Parameter(\$stmt, \$php_var='$var', \$name='$name', \$maxLen=$maxLen, \$type=$ztype);");
			}
			return $this->Bind($stmt,$var,$maxLen,$type,$name,$isOutput);
	}

	/**
	 * Execute a query.
	 *
	 * this version supports:
	 *
	 * 1. $db->execute('select * from table');
	 *
	 * 2. $db->prepare('insert into table (a,b,c) values (:0,:1,:2)');
	 *    $db->execute($prepared_statement, array(1,2,3));
	 *
	 * 3. $db->execute('insert into table (a,b,c) values (:a,:b,:c)',array('a'=>1,'b'=>2,'c'=>3));
	 *
	 * 4. $db->prepare('insert into table (a,b,c) values (:0,:1,:2)');
	 *    $db->bind($stmt,1); $db->bind($stmt,2); $db->bind($stmt,3);
	 *    $db->execute($stmt);
	 *
	 * @param string|array $sql        Query to execute.
	 * @param array        $inputarr   An optional array of parameters.
	 *
	 * @return mixed|bool Query identifier or true if execution successful, false if failed.
	 */
	function _query($sql,$inputarr=false)
	{
		if (is_array($sql)) { // is prepared sql
			$stmt = $sql[1];

			// we try to bind to permanent array, so that oci_bind_by_name is persistent
			// and carried out once only - note that max array element size is 4000 chars
			if (is_array($inputarr)) {
				$bindpos = $sql[3];
				if (isset($this->_bind[$bindpos])) {
				// all tied up already
					$bindarr = $this->_bind[$bindpos];
				} else {
				// one statement to bind them all
					$bindarr = array();
					foreach($inputarr as $k => $v) {
						$bindarr[$k] = $v;
						oci_bind_by_name($stmt,":$k",$bindarr[$k],is_string($v) && strlen($v)>4000 ? -1 : 4000);
					}
					$this->_bind[$bindpos] = $bindarr;
				}
			}
		} else {
			$stmt=oci_parse($this->_connectionID,$sql);
		}

		$this->_stmt = $stmt;
		if (!$stmt) {
			return false;
		}

		if (defined('ADODB_PREFETCH_ROWS')) {
			@oci_set_prefetch($stmt,ADODB_PREFETCH_ROWS);
		}

		if (is_array($inputarr)) {
			foreach($inputarr as $k => $v) {
				if (is_array($v)) {
					// suggested by g.giunta@libero.
					if (sizeof($v) == 2) {
						oci_bind_by_name($stmt,":$k",$inputarr[$k][0],$v[1]);
					}
					else {
						oci_bind_by_name($stmt,":$k",$inputarr[$k][0],$v[1],$v[2]);
					}

					if ($this->debug==99) {
						if (is_object($v[0])) {
							echo "name=:$k",' len='.$v[1],' type='.$v[2],'<br>';
						}
						else {
							echo "name=:$k",' var='.$inputarr[$k][0],' len='.$v[1],' type='.$v[2],'<br>';
						}

					}
				} else {
					$len = -1;
					if ($v === ' ') {
						$len = 1;
					}
					if (isset($bindarr)) {	// is prepared sql, so no need to oci_bind_by_name again
						$bindarr[$k] = $v;
					} else { 				// dynamic sql, so rebind every time
						oci_bind_by_name($stmt,":$k",$inputarr[$k],$len);
					}
				}
			}
		}

		$this->_errorMsg = false;
		$this->_errorCode = false;
		if (oci_execute($stmt,$this->_commit)) {

			if (count($this -> _refLOBs) > 0) {

				foreach ($this -> _refLOBs as $key => $value) {
					if ($this -> _refLOBs[$key]['TYPE'] == true) {
						$tmp = $this -> _refLOBs[$key]['LOB'] -> load();
						if ($this -> debug) {
							ADOConnection::outp("<b>OUT LOB</b>: LOB has been loaded. <br>");
						}
						//$_GLOBALS[$this -> _refLOBs[$key]['VAR']] = $tmp;
						$this -> _refLOBs[$key]['VAR'] = $tmp;
					} else {
						$this->_refLOBs[$key]['LOB']->save($this->_refLOBs[$key]['VAR']);
						$this -> _refLOBs[$key]['LOB']->free();
						unset($this -> _refLOBs[$key]);
						if ($this->debug) {
							ADOConnection::outp("<b>IN LOB</b>: LOB has been saved. <br>");
						}
					}
				}
			}

			switch (@oci_statement_type($stmt)) {
				case "SELECT":
					return $stmt;

				case 'DECLARE':
				case "BEGIN":
					if (is_array($sql) && !empty($sql[4])) {
						$cursor = $sql[4];
						if (is_resource($cursor)) {
							$ok = oci_execute($cursor);
							return $cursor;
						}
					} else {
						if (is_resource($stmt)) {
							oci_free_statement($stmt);
							return true;
						}
					}
					return $stmt;
				default :

					return true;
			}
		}
		return false;
	}

	// From Oracle Whitepaper: PHP Scalability and High Availability
	function IsConnectionError($err)
	{
		switch($err) {
			case 378: /* buffer pool param incorrect */
			case 602: /* core dump */
			case 603: /* fatal error */
			case 609: /* attach failed */
			case 1012: /* not logged in */
			case 1033: /* init or shutdown in progress */
			case 1043: /* Oracle not available */
			case 1089: /* immediate shutdown in progress */
			case 1090: /* shutdown in progress */
			case 1092: /* instance terminated */
			case 3113: /* disconnect */
			case 3114: /* not connected */
			case 3122: /* closing window */
			case 3135: /* lost contact */
			case 12153: /* TNS: not connected */
			case 27146: /* fatal or instance terminated */
			case 28511: /* Lost RPC */
			return true;
		}
		return false;
	}

	// returns true or false
	function _close()
	{
		if (!$this->_connectionID) {
			return;
		}


		if (!$this->autoCommit) {
			oci_rollback($this->_connectionID);
		}
		if (count($this->_refLOBs) > 0) {
			foreach ($this ->_refLOBs as $key => $value) {
				$this->_refLOBs[$key]['LOB']->free();
				unset($this->_refLOBs[$key]);
			}
		}
		oci_close($this->_connectionID);

		$this->_stmt = false;
		$this->_connectionID = false;
	}

	function MetaPrimaryKeys($table, $owner=false,$internalKey=false)
	{
		if ($internalKey) {
			return array('ROWID');
		}

		// tested with oracle 8.1.7
		$table = strtoupper($table);
		if ($owner) {
			$owner_clause = "AND ((a.OWNER = b.OWNER) AND (a.OWNER = UPPER('$owner')))";
			$ptab = 'ALL_';
		} else {
			$owner_clause = '';
			$ptab = 'USER_';
		}
		$sql = "
SELECT /*+ RULE */ distinct b.column_name
   FROM {$ptab}CONSTRAINTS a
	  , {$ptab}CONS_COLUMNS b
  WHERE ( UPPER(b.table_name) = ('$table'))
	AND (UPPER(a.table_name) = ('$table') and a.constraint_type = 'P')
	$owner_clause
	AND (a.constraint_name = b.constraint_name)";

		$rs = $this->Execute($sql);
		if ($rs && !$rs->EOF) {
			$arr = $rs->GetArray();
			$a = array();
			foreach($arr as $v) {
				$a[] = reset($v);
			}
			return $a;
		}
		else return false;
	}

	/**
	 * Returns a list of Foreign Keys associated with a specific table.
	 *
	 * @param string $table
	 * @param string $owner
	 * @param bool   $upper       discarded
	 * @param bool   $associative discarded
	 *
	 * @return string[]|false An array where keys are tables, and values are foreign keys;
	 *                        false if no foreign keys could be found.
	 */
	public function metaForeignKeys($table, $owner = '', $upper = false, $associative = false)
	{
		global $ADODB_FETCH_MODE;

		$save = $ADODB_FETCH_MODE;
		$ADODB_FETCH_MODE = ADODB_FETCH_NUM;
		$table = $this->qstr(strtoupper($table));
		if (!$owner) {
			$owner = $this->user;
			$tabp = 'user_';
		} else
			$tabp = 'all_';

		$owner = ' and owner='.$this->qstr(strtoupper($owner));

		$sql =
"select constraint_name,r_owner,r_constraint_name
	from {$tabp}constraints
	where constraint_type = 'R' and table_name = $table $owner";

		$constraints = $this->GetArray($sql);
		$arr = false;
		foreach($constraints as $constr) {
			$cons = $this->qstr($constr[0]);
			$rowner = $this->qstr($constr[1]);
			$rcons = $this->qstr($constr[2]);
			$cols = $this->GetArray("select column_name from {$tabp}cons_columns where constraint_name=$cons $owner order by position");
			$tabcol = $this->GetArray("select table_name,column_name from {$tabp}cons_columns where owner=$rowner and constraint_name=$rcons order by position");

			if ($cols && $tabcol)
				for ($i=0, $max=sizeof($cols); $i < $max; $i++) {
					$arr[$tabcol[$i][0]] = $cols[$i][0].'='.$tabcol[$i][1];
				}
		}
		$ADODB_FETCH_MODE = $save;

		return $arr;
	}


	function CharMax()
	{
		return 4000;
	}

	function TextMax()
	{
		return 4000;
	}

	/**
	 * Correctly quotes a string so that all strings are escaped.
	 * We prefix and append to the string single-quotes.
	 * An example is  $db->qstr("Don't bother");
	 *
	 * @param string $s            The string to quote
	 * @param bool   $magic_quotes This param is not used since 5.21.0.
	 *                             It remains for backwards compatibility.
	 *
	 * @return string Quoted string to be sent back to database
	 */
	function qStr($s, $magic_quotes=false)
	{
		if (strlen((string)$s) == 0) {
			return $this->noNullStrings ? "' '" : "''";
		}
		if ($this->replaceQuote[0] == '\\'){
			$s = str_replace('\\','\\\\',$s);
		}
		return  "'" . str_replace("'", $this->replaceQuote, $s) . "'";
	}

}

/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
	Class Name: Recordset
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

class ADORecordset_oci8 extends ADORecordSet {

	var $databaseType = 'oci8';
	var $bind=false;
	var $_fieldobjs;

	/** @var resource Cursor reference */
	var $_refcursor;

	function __construct($queryID, $mode=false)
	{
		parent::__construct($queryID, $mode);

		switch ($this->adodbFetchMode) {
			case ADODB_FETCH_ASSOC:
				$this->fetchMode = OCI_ASSOC;
				break;
			case ADODB_FETCH_DEFAULT:
			case ADODB_FETCH_BOTH:
				$this->fetchMode = OCI_NUM + OCI_ASSOC;
				break;
			case ADODB_FETCH_NUM:
			default:
				$this->fetchMode = OCI_NUM;
				break;
		}
		$this->fetchMode += OCI_RETURN_NULLS + OCI_RETURN_LOBS;
	}

	/**
	* Overrides the core destructor method as that causes problems here
	*
	* @return void
	*/
	function __destruct() {}

	function Init()
	{
		if ($this->_inited) {
			return;
		}

		$this->_inited = true;
		if ($this->_queryID) {

			$this->_currentRow = 0;
			@$this->_initrs();
			if ($this->_numOfFields) {
				$this->EOF = !$this->_fetch();
			}
			else $this->EOF = true;

			/*
			// based on idea by Gaetano Giunta to detect unusual oracle errors
			// see PHPLens Issue No: 6771
			$err = oci_error($this->_queryID);
			if ($err && $this->connection->debug) {
				ADOConnection::outp($err);
			}
			*/

			if (!is_array($this->fields)) {
				$this->_numOfRows = 0;
				$this->fields = array();
			}
		} else {
			$this->fields = array();
			$this->_numOfRows = 0;
			$this->_numOfFields = 0;
			$this->EOF = true;
		}
	}

	function _initrs()
	{
		$this->_numOfRows = -1;
		$this->_numOfFields = oci_num_fields($this->_queryID);
		if ($this->_numOfFields>0) {
			$this->_fieldobjs = array();
			$max = $this->_numOfFields;
			for ($i=0;$i<$max; $i++) $this->_fieldobjs[] = $this->_FetchField($i);
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Get column information in the Recordset object.
	 * fetchField() can be used in order to obtain information about fields
	 * in a certain query result. If the field offset isn't specified, the next
	 * field that wasn't yet retrieved by fetchField() is retrieved
	 *
	 * @return object containing field information
	 */
	function _FetchField($fieldOffset = -1)
	{
		$fld = new ADOFieldObject;
		$fieldOffset += 1;
		$fld->name =oci_field_name($this->_queryID, $fieldOffset);
		if (ADODB_ASSOC_CASE == ADODB_ASSOC_CASE_LOWER) {
			$fld->name = strtolower($fld->name);
		}
		$fld->type = oci_field_type($this->_queryID, $fieldOffset);
		$fld->max_length = oci_field_size($this->_queryID, $fieldOffset);

		switch($fld->type) {
			case 'NUMBER':
				$p = oci_field_precision($this->_queryID, $fieldOffset);
				$sc = oci_field_scale($this->_queryID, $fieldOffset);
				if ($p != 0 && $sc == 0) {
					$fld->type = 'INT';
				}
				$fld->scale = $p;
				break;

			case 'CLOB':
			case 'NCLOB':
			case 'BLOB':
				$fld->max_length = -1;
				break;
		}
		return $fld;
	}

	/* For some reason, oci_field_name fails when called after _initrs() so we cache it */
	function FetchField($fieldOffset = -1)
	{
		return $this->_fieldobjs[$fieldOffset];
	}


	function MoveNext()
	{
		if ($this->fields = @oci_fetch_array($this->_queryID,$this->fetchMode)) {
			$this->_currentRow += 1;
			$this->_updatefields();
			return true;
		}
		if (!$this->EOF) {
			$this->_currentRow += 1;
			$this->EOF = true;
		}
		return false;
	}

	// Optimize SelectLimit() by using oci_fetch()
	function GetArrayLimit($nrows,$offset=-1)
	{
		if ($offset <= 0) {
			$arr = $this->GetArray($nrows);
			return $arr;
		}
		$arr = array();
		for ($i=1; $i < $offset; $i++) {
			if (!@oci_fetch($this->_queryID)) {
				return $arr;
			}
		}

		if (!$this->fields = @oci_fetch_array($this->_queryID,$this->fetchMode)) {
			return $arr;
		}
		$this->_updatefields();
		$results = array();
		$cnt = 0;
		while (!$this->EOF && $nrows != $cnt) {
			$results[$cnt++] = $this->fields;
			$this->MoveNext();
		}

		return $results;
	}


	// Use associative array to get fields array
	function Fields($colname)
	{
		if (!$this->bind) {
			$this->bind = array();
			for ($i=0; $i < $this->_numOfFields; $i++) {
				$o = $this->FetchField($i);
				$this->bind[strtoupper($o->name)] = $i;
			}
		}

		return $this->fields[$this->bind[strtoupper($colname)]];
	}


	function _seek($row)
	{
		return false;
	}

	function _fetch()
	{
		$this->fields = @oci_fetch_array($this->_queryID,$this->fetchMode);
		$this->_updatefields();

		return $this->fields;
	}

	/**
	 * close() only needs to be called if you are worried about using too much
	 * memory while your script is running. All associated result memory for the
	 * specified result identifier will automatically be freed.
	 */
	function _close()
	{
		if ($this->connection->_stmt === $this->_queryID) {
			$this->connection->_stmt = false;
		}
		if (!empty($this->_refcursor)) {
			oci_free_cursor($this->_refcursor);
			$this->_refcursor = false;
		}
		if (is_resource($this->_queryID))
		   @oci_free_statement($this->_queryID);
		$this->_queryID = false;
	}

	/**
	 * not the fastest implementation - quick and dirty - jlim
	 * for best performance, use the actual $rs->MetaType().
	 *
	 * @param	mixed	$t
	 * @param	int		$len		[optional] Length of blobsize
	 * @param	bool	$fieldobj	[optional][discarded]
	 * @return	string				The metatype of the field
	 */
	function MetaType($t, $len=-1, $fieldobj=false)
	{
		if (is_object($t)) {
			$fieldobj = $t;
			$t = $fieldobj->type;
			$len = $fieldobj->max_length;
		}

		$t = strtoupper($t);

		if (array_key_exists($t,$this->connection->customActualTypes))
			return  $this->connection->customActualTypes[$t];

		switch ($t) {
		case 'VARCHAR':
		case 'VARCHAR2':
		case 'CHAR':
		case 'VARBINARY':
		case 'BINARY':
		case 'NCHAR':
		case 'NVARCHAR':
		case 'NVARCHAR2':
			if ($len <= $this->blobSize) {
				return 'C';
			}

		case 'NCLOB':
		case 'LONG':
		case 'LONG VARCHAR':
		case 'CLOB':
		return 'X';

		case 'LONG RAW':
		case 'LONG VARBINARY':
		case 'BLOB':
			return 'B';

		case 'DATE':
			return  ($this->connection->datetime) ? 'T' : 'D';


		case 'TIMESTAMP': return 'T';

		case 'INT':
		case 'SMALLINT':
		case 'INTEGER':
			return 'I';

		default:
			return ADODB_DEFAULT_METATYPE;
		}
	}
}
