// Copyright Contributors to the Open Shading Language project.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
// https://github.com/AcademySoftwareFoundation/OpenShadingLanguage

#pragma once

#include <memory>

#include <OSL/oslconfig.h>


OSL_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
namespace pvt {

class ASTNode;
class StructSpec;


/// Kinds of shaders
///
enum class ShaderType {
    Unknown = 0,
    Generic,
    Surface,
    Displacement,
    Volume,
    Light,
    Last
};


/// Convert a ShaderType to a human-readable name ("surface", etc.)
///
string_view
shadertypename(ShaderType s);

/// Convert a ShaderType to a human-readable name ("surface", etc.)
///
ShaderType
shadertype_from_name(string_view name);



/// Kinds of symbols
///
enum SymType {
    SymTypeParam,
    SymTypeOutputParam,
    SymTypeLocal,
    SymTypeTemp,
    SymTypeGlobal,
    SymTypeConst,
    SymTypeFunction,
    SymTypeType,
    SymTypeLast
};



/// Light-weight way to describe types for the compiler -- simple types,
/// closures, or the ID of a structure.
class TypeSpec {
public:
    /// Default ctr of TypeSpec (unknown type)
    ///
    TypeSpec() : m_simple(TypeDesc::UNKNOWN), m_structure(0), m_closure(false)
    {
    }

    /// Construct a TypeSpec that represents an ordinary simple type
    /// (including arrays of simple types).
    TypeSpec(TypeDesc simple)
        : m_simple(simple), m_structure(0), m_closure(false)
    {
    }

    /// Construct a TypeSpec representing a closure (pass closure=true)
    /// of a simple type.
    TypeSpec(TypeDesc simple, bool closure)
        : m_simple(closure ? TypeDesc::PTR : simple)
        , m_structure(0)
        , m_closure(closure)
    {
    }

    /// Construct a TypeSpec describing a struct or array of structs,
    /// by supplying the struct name, structure id, and array length
    /// (if it's an array of structures).  If structid == 0, search
    /// the existing table for a (globally) matching name and use that
    /// struct if it exists, otherwise add an entry to the struct table.
    TypeSpec(const char* name, int structid, int arraylen = 0);

    /// Express the type as a string
    ///
    std::string string() const;

    /// Express the type as a string (char *).  This is safe, the caller
    /// is not responsible for freeing the characters.
    const char* c_str() const;

    /// Return the c_str giving a human-readable name of a type, fully
    /// accounting for exotic types like structs, etc.
    const char* type_c_str() const;

    /// Stream output
    friend std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& o, const TypeSpec& t)
    {
        return (o << t.string());
    }

    /// Assignment of a simple TypeDesc to a full TypeSpec.
    ///
    const TypeSpec& operator=(const TypeDesc simple)
    {
        m_simple    = simple;
        m_structure = 0;
        m_closure   = false;
        return *this;
    }

    /// Are two TypeSpec's identical?
    ///
    bool operator==(const TypeSpec& x) const
    {
        return (m_simple == x.m_simple && m_structure == x.m_structure
                && m_closure == x.m_closure);
    }
    /// Are two TypeSpec's different?
    ///
    bool operator!=(const TypeSpec& x) const { return !(*this == x); }

    /// Return just the simple type underlying this TypeSpec -- only works
    /// reliable if it's not a struct, a struct will return an UNKNOWN type.
    const TypeDesc& simpletype() const { return m_simple; }

    /// Is the type unknown/uninitialized?
    bool is_unknown() const noexcept
    {
        return m_simple == OIIO::TypeUnknown && !m_structure && !m_closure;
    }

    /// Is this typespec a closure?  (N.B. if so, you can find out what
    /// kind of closure it is with simpletype()).
    bool is_closure() const { return m_closure && !is_array(); }

    /// Is this typespec an array of closures?
    ///
    bool is_closure_array() const { return m_closure && is_array(); }

    /// Is this typespec based on closures (either a scalar or array of
    /// closures)?
    bool is_closure_based() const { return m_closure; }

    /// Is this typespec a single structure?  Caveat: Returns false if
    /// it's an array of structs.  N.B. You can find out which struct
    /// with structure().
    bool is_structure() const { return m_structure > 0 && !is_array(); }

    /// Is this typespec an array of structures?
    ///
    bool is_structure_array() const { return m_structure > 0 && is_array(); }

    /// Is this typespec an array of structures?
    ///
    bool is_structure_based() const { return m_structure > 0; }

    /// Return the structure ID of this typespec, or 0 if it's not a
    /// struct.
    int structure() const { return m_structure; }

    /// Return the structspec for this structure.
    ///
    StructSpec* structspec() const { return structspec(m_structure); }

    /// Find a structure record by id number.
    ///
    static StructSpec* structspec(int id)
    {
        return id ? struct_list()[id].get() : NULL;
    }

    /// Find a structure index by name, or return 0 if not found.
    /// If 'add' is true, add the struct if not already found.
    static int structure_id(const char* name, bool add = false);

    /// Make room for one new structure and return its index.
    ///
    static int new_struct(StructSpec* n);

    /// Return a reference to the structure list.
    ///
    static std::vector<std::shared_ptr<StructSpec>>& struct_list();

    /// Is this an array (either a simple array, or an array of structs)?
    ///
    bool is_array() const { return m_simple.arraylen != 0; }

    /// Is this a variable length array, without a definite size?
    bool is_unsized_array() const { return m_simple.arraylen < 0; }

    /// Does this TypeSpec describe an array, whose length is specified?
    bool is_sized_array() const { return m_simple.arraylen > 0; }

    /// Returns the length of the array, or 0 if not an array.
    int arraylength() const
    {
        OSL_DASSERT_MSG(m_simple.arraylen >= 0,
                        "Called arraylength() on "
                        "TypeSpec of array with unspecified length (%d)",
                        m_simple.arraylen);
        return m_simple.arraylen;
    }

    /// Number of elements
    ///
    int numelements() const
    {
        OSL_DASSERT_MSG(m_simple.arraylen >= 0,
                        "Called numelements() on "
                        "TypeSpec of array with unspecified length (%d)",
                        m_simple.arraylen);
        return std::max(1, m_simple.arraylen);
    }

    /// Alter this typespec to make it into an array of the given length
    /// (including 0 -> make it not be an array).  The basic type (not
    /// counting its array length) is unchanged.
    void make_array(int len) { m_simple.arraylen = len; }

    /// For an array, return the TypeSpec of an individual element of the
    /// array.  For a non-array, just return the type.
    TypeSpec elementtype() const
    {
        TypeSpec t = *this;
        t.make_array(0);
        return t;
    }

    /// Return the aggregateness of the underlying simple type (SCALAR,
    /// VEC3, or MATRIX44).
    TypeDesc::AGGREGATE aggregate() const
    {
        return (TypeDesc::AGGREGATE)m_simple.aggregate;
    }

    // Note on the is_<simple_type> routines:
    // We don't need to explicitly check for !is_struct(), since the
    // m_simple is always UNKNOWN for structures.

    /// Is it a simple scalar int?
    bool is_int() const { return m_simple == TypeInt && !is_closure(); }

    /// Is it a simple scalar float?
    bool is_float() const { return m_simple == TypeFloat && !is_closure(); }

    /// Is it a color?
    bool is_color() const { return m_simple == TypeColor && !is_closure(); }

    /// Is it a point?
    bool is_point() const { return m_simple == TypePoint && !is_closure(); }

    /// Is it a vector?
    bool is_vector() const { return m_simple == TypeVector && !is_closure(); }

    /// Is it a normal?
    bool is_normal() const { return m_simple == TypeNormal && !is_closure(); }

    /// Is it a simple string?
    bool is_string() const { return m_simple == TypeString && !is_closure(); }

    /// Is it a string or an array of strings?
    ///
    bool is_string_based() const
    {
        return m_simple.basetype == TypeDesc::STRING;
    }

    /// Is it an int or an array of ints?
    ///
    bool is_int_based() const { return m_simple.basetype == TypeDesc::INT; }

    /// Is it somehow based on floats?
    ///
    bool is_float_based() const
    {
        return m_simple.basetype == TypeDesc::FLOAT && !m_closure;
    }

    /// Is it a void?
    ///
    bool is_void() const { return m_simple == TypeDesc::NONE; }

    /// Is it a simple triple (color, point, vector, or normal)?
    ///
    bool is_triple() const
    {
        return !is_closure() && m_simple.aggregate == TypeDesc::VEC3
               && m_simple.basetype == TypeDesc::FLOAT && !m_simple.is_array();
    }

    /// Is it based on a triple (color, point, vector, or normal)?
    /// (It's ok for it to be an array or closure.)
    bool is_triple_based() const
    {
        return !is_closure() && m_simple.aggregate == TypeDesc::VEC3
               && m_simple.basetype == TypeDesc::FLOAT;
    }

    /// Is it a simple triple (color, point, vector, or normal) or float?
    ///
    bool is_triple_or_float() const
    {
        return !is_closure()
               && (m_simple.aggregate == TypeDesc::VEC3
                   || m_simple.aggregate == TypeDesc::SCALAR)
               && m_simple.basetype == TypeDesc::FLOAT && !m_simple.is_array();
    }

    /// Is it a simple numeric type (based on float or int, even if an
    /// aggregate)?  This is false for a closure or array (even if of
    /// an underlying numeric type) or struct.
    bool is_numeric() const
    {
        return !is_closure() && !is_array()
               && (m_simple.basetype == TypeDesc::FLOAT
                   || m_simple.basetype == TypeDesc::INT);
    }

    bool is_scalarnum() const
    {
        return is_numeric() && m_simple.aggregate == TypeDesc::SCALAR;
    }

    /// Is it a simple straight-up single int or float)?
    ///
    bool is_int_or_float() const { return is_scalarnum(); }

    /// Is it a simple vector-like triple (point, vector, or normal, but
    /// not an array or closure)?
    bool is_vectriple() const
    {
        return !is_closure()
               && (m_simple == TypePoint || m_simple == TypeVector
                   || m_simple == TypeNormal);
    }

    /// Is it based on a vector-like triple (point, vector, or normal)?
    /// (It's ok for it to be an array or closure.)
    bool is_vectriple_based() const
    {
        auto elem = m_simple.elementtype();
        return (elem == TypePoint || elem == TypeVector || elem == TypeNormal);
    }

    /// Is it a simple matrix (but not an array or closure)?
    ///
    bool is_matrix() const { return m_simple == TypeMatrix && !is_closure(); }

    /// Is it a color closure?
    ///
    bool is_color_closure() const { return is_closure(); }

    /// Types are equivalent if they are identical, or if both are
    /// vector-like (and match their array-ness and closure-ness), or
    /// if both are structures with matching fields.
    friend bool equivalent(const TypeSpec& a, const TypeSpec& b);
    friend bool relaxed_equivalent(const TypeSpec& a, const TypeSpec& b);

    /// Is type src is assignable to dst?  It is if they are the equivalent(),
    /// or if dst is a float or float-aggregate and src is a float or int.
    friend bool assignable(const TypeSpec& dst, const TypeSpec& src)
    {
        if (dst.is_closure() || src.is_closure())
            return (dst.is_closure() && src.is_closure());
        return equivalent(dst, src)
               || (dst.is_float_based() && !dst.is_array()
                   && (src.is_float() || src.is_int()));
    }

    /// Given a pointer to a type code string that we use for argument
    /// checking ("p", "v", etc.) return the TypeSpec of the first type
    /// described by the string (UNKNOWN if it couldn't be recognized).
    /// If 'advance' is non-NULL, set *advance to the number of
    /// characters taken by the first code so the caller can advance
    /// their pointer to the next code in the string.
    static TypeSpec type_from_code(const char* code, int* advance = nullptr);

    /// Return the argument checking code ("p", "v", etc.) corresponding
    /// to the type.
    std::string code_from_type() const;

    /// Take a type code string (possibly containing many types)
    /// and turn it into a human-readable string.
    static std::string typelist_from_code(const char* code);

    /// Take a type code string (possibly containing many types) and
    /// turn it into a TypeSpec vector.
    static void typespecs_from_codes(const char* code,
                                     std::vector<TypeSpec>& types);


private:
    TypeDesc m_simple;  ///< Data if it's a simple type
    short m_structure;  ///< 0 is not a structure, >=1 for structure id
    bool m_closure;     ///< Is it a closure? (m_simple also used)
};



/// Describe the layout of an OSL 'struct'.
/// Basically it's just a list of all the individual fields' names and
/// types.
class StructSpec {
public:
    /// Construct a new struct with the given name, in the given scope.
    ///
    StructSpec(ustring name, int scope) : m_name(name), m_scope(scope) {}

    /// Description of a single structure field -- just a type and name.
    ///
    struct FieldSpec {
        FieldSpec(const TypeSpec& t, ustring n) : type(t), name(n) {}
        TypeSpec type;
        ustring name;
    };

    /// Append a new field (with type and name) to this struct.
    ///
    void add_field(const TypeSpec& type, ustring name)
    {
        m_fields.emplace_back(type, name);
    }

    /// The name of this struct (may not be unique across all scopes).
    ///
    ustring name() const { return m_name; }

    /// The unique mangled name (with scope embedded) of this struct.
    ///
    std::string mangled() const;

    /// The scope number where this struct was defined.
    ///
    int scope() const { return m_scope; }

    /// Number of fields in the struct.
    ///
    int numfields() const { return (int)m_fields.size(); }

    /// Return a reference to an individual FieldSpec for one field
    /// of the struct, indexed numerically (starting with 0).
    const FieldSpec& field(int i) const { return m_fields[i]; }

    /// Look up the named field, return its index, or -1 if not found.
    int lookup_field(ustring name) const;

private:
    ustring m_name;                   ///< Structure name (unmangled)
    int m_scope;                      ///< Structure's scope id
    std::vector<FieldSpec> m_fields;  ///< List of fields of the struct
};



/// The compiler (or runtime) record of a single symbol (identifier) and
/// all relevant information about it.
class Symbol {
public:
    Symbol(ustring name, const TypeSpec& datatype, SymType symtype,
           ASTNode* declaration_node = NULL)
        : m_name(name)
        , m_typespec(datatype)
        , m_size(datatype.is_unsized_array()
                     ? 0
                     : (int)datatype.simpletype().size())
        , m_symtype(symtype)
        , m_has_derivs(false)
        , m_const_initializer(false)
        , m_connected_down(false)
        , m_initialized(false)
        , m_interpolated(false)
        , m_interactive(false)
        , m_noninteractive(false)
        , m_allowconnect(true)
        , m_renderer_output(false)
        , m_readonly(false)
        , m_is_uniform(true)
        , m_forced_llvm_bool(false)
        , m_arena(static_cast<unsigned int>(SymArena::Unknown))
        , m_free_data(false)
        , m_valuesource(static_cast<unsigned int>(DefaultVal))
        , m_fieldid(-1)
        , m_layer(-1)
        , m_scope(0)
        , m_dataoffset(unknown_offset)
        , m_wide_dataoffset(unknown_offset)
        , m_initializers(0)
        , m_node(declaration_node)
        , m_alias(NULL)
        , m_initbegin(0)
        , m_initend(0)
        , m_firstread(std::numeric_limits<int>::max())
        , m_lastread(-1)
        , m_firstwrite(std::numeric_limits<int>::max())
        , m_lastwrite(-1)
    {
    }
    Symbol() : m_free_data(false) {}
    virtual ~Symbol()
    {
        if (m_free_data) {
            OSL_ASSERT(arena() == SymArena::Absolute);
            delete[] static_cast<char*>(m_data);
        }
    }

    const Symbol& operator=(const Symbol& a)
    {
        // Make absolutely sure that symbol copying goes blazingly fast,
        // since by design we have made this structure hold no unique
        // pointers and have no elements that aren't safe to memcpy, even
        // though the compiler probably can't figure that out.
        // Cast to char* to defeat gcc8 rejecting this.
        if (this != &a)
            memcpy((char*)this, (const char*)&a, sizeof(Symbol));
        return *this;
    }

    /// The symbol's (unmangled) name, guaranteed unique only within the
    /// symbol's declaration scope.
    ustring name() const { return m_name; }

    /// The symbol's name, mangled to incorporate the scope so it will be
    /// a globally unique name.
    std::string mangled() const;

    /// Return an unmangled version of the symbol name. This should be the
    /// same as name() in the compiler, but in the runtime, everything has
    /// been mangled by their scopes, and this will restore the unmangled
    /// name by removing the scope prefix. Human readable error messages at
    /// render time should always use the unmangled version for clarity.
    string_view unmangled() const;

    /// Data type of this symbol.
    ///
    const TypeSpec& typespec() const { return m_typespec; }

    /// Kind of symbol this is (param, local, etc.)
    ///
    SymType symtype() const { return (SymType)m_symtype; }

    /// Reset the symbol type.  Use with caution!
    ///
    void symtype(SymType newsymtype) { m_symtype = newsymtype; }

    /// Numerical ID of the scope in which this symbol was declared.
    ///
    int scope() const { return m_scope; }

    /// Set the scope of this symbol to s.
    ///
    void scope(int s) { m_scope = s; }

    /// Return the AST node containing the declaration of this symbol.
    /// Use with care!
    ASTNode* node() const { return m_node; }

    /// Is this symbol a function?
    ///
    bool is_function() const { return m_symtype == SymTypeFunction; }

    /// Is this symbol a structure?
    ///
    bool is_structure() const { return m_symtype == SymTypeType; }

    /// Return a ptr to the symbol that this really refers to, tracing
    /// aliases back all the way until it finds a symbol that isn't an
    /// alias for anything else.
    Symbol* dealias() const
    {
        Symbol* s = const_cast<Symbol*>(this);
        while (s->m_alias)
            s = s->m_alias;
        return s;
    }

    /// Establish that this symbol is really an alias for another symbol.
    ///
    void alias(Symbol* other)
    {
        OSL_DASSERT(other != this);  // circular alias would be bad
        m_alias = other;
    }

    /// Return a string representation ("param", "global", etc.) of the
    /// SymType s.
    static const char* symtype_shortname(SymType s);

    /// Return a string representation ("param", "global", etc.) of this
    /// symbol.
    const char* symtype_shortname() const
    {
        return symtype_shortname(symtype());
    }

    // Special offset meaning that the offset is unknown/uninitialized.
    // Sure, you could have an offset of -1, but because of alignment we
    // never will.
    static const int unknown_offset = -1;

    /// Return a pointer to the symbol's data.
    void* data() const { return m_data; }

    /// Return a pointer to the symbol's data.
    void* dataptr() const { return m_data; }

#if 0
    /// Return a pointer to the symbol's data.
    void* dataptrWRONG(void* arenastart, int64_t byteoffset = 0) const {
        OSL_ASSERT(arena() != SymArena::Unknown
                       && "Asked for dataptr of Symbol with unknown arena");
        OSL_ASSERT((arena() == SymArena::Absolute) == (arenastart == nullptr)
                   && "Symbol should have null arenastart if and only if it's an absolute address");
        return static_cast<char*>(arenastart) + m_dataoffset + byteoffset;
    }
#endif

    /// Specify the location of the symbol's data, relative to an arena
    /// (which for now must be Absolute).
    void set_dataptr(SymArena arena, void* ptr)
    {
        OSL_ASSERT(arena == SymArena::Absolute);
        m_arena = static_cast<unsigned int>(arena);
        m_data  = ptr;
    }

    /// Specify the location of the symbol's data, relative to an arena
    /// (which for now must be Absolute).
    void set_dataptr(SymArena arena, void* ptr, int offset)
    {
        // OSL_ASSERT(arena == SymArena::Absolute);
        m_arena      = static_cast<unsigned int>(arena);
        m_data       = ptr;
        m_dataoffset = offset;
        OSL::print("setting sym {} arena {} offset {}\n", name(), int(m_arena),
                   m_dataoffset);
    }


    void dataoffset(int d) { m_dataoffset = d; }
    int dataoffset() const { return m_dataoffset; }

    void wide_dataoffset(int d) { m_wide_dataoffset = d; }
    int wide_dataoffset() const { return m_wide_dataoffset; }

    SymArena arena() const { return static_cast<SymArena>(m_arena); }

    void initializers(int d) { m_initializers = d; }
    int initializers() const { return m_initializers; }

    bool has_derivs() const { return m_has_derivs; }
    void has_derivs(bool new_derivs) { m_has_derivs = new_derivs; }
    int size() const { return m_size; }
    void size(size_t newsize) { m_size = (int)newsize; }

    /// Return the size for each point, including derivs.
    ///
    int derivsize() const { return m_has_derivs ? 3 * m_size : m_size; }

    bool connected() const { return valuesource() == ConnectedVal; }
    bool connected_down() const { return m_connected_down; }
    void connected_down(bool c) { m_connected_down = c; }

    /// Where did the symbol's value come from?
    ///
    enum ValueSource { DefaultVal, InstanceVal, GeomVal, ConnectedVal };

    ValueSource valuesource() const { return (ValueSource)m_valuesource; }
    void valuesource(ValueSource v) { m_valuesource = v; }
    const char* valuesourcename() const;
    static const char* valuesourcename(ValueSource v);

    int fieldid() const { return m_fieldid; }
    void fieldid(int id) { m_fieldid = id; }

    int layer() const { return m_layer; }
    void layer(int id) { m_layer = id; }

    int initbegin() const { return m_initbegin; }
    void initbegin(int i) { m_initbegin = i; }
    int initend() const { return m_initend; }
    void initend(int i) { m_initend = i; }
    void set_initrange(int b = 0, int e = 0)
    {
        m_initbegin = b;
        m_initend   = e;
    }
    bool has_init_ops() const { return m_initbegin != m_initend; }

    /// Clear read/write usage info.
    ///
    void clear_rw()
    {
        m_firstread = m_firstwrite = std::numeric_limits<int>::max();
        m_lastread = m_lastwrite = -1;
    }
    /// Mark whether the symbol was read and/or written on the given op.
    ///
    void mark_rw(int op, bool read, bool write)
    {
        if (read) {
            m_firstread = std::min(m_firstread, op);
            m_lastread  = std::max(m_lastread, op);
        }
        if (write) {
            m_firstwrite = std::min(m_firstwrite, op);
            m_lastwrite  = std::max(m_lastwrite, op);
        }
    }

    void union_rw(int fr, int lr, int fw, int lw)
    {
        m_firstread  = std::min(m_firstread, fr);
        m_lastread   = std::max(m_lastread, lr);
        m_firstwrite = std::min(m_firstwrite, fw);
        m_lastwrite  = std::max(m_lastwrite, lw);
    }

    // Mark the symbol as always being read (and, if write==true, also
    // that it's always written). This is for when we don't know when
    // it's read or written, but want to be sure it doesn't look unused.
    void mark_always_used(bool write = false)
    {
        m_firstread = 0;
        m_lastread  = std::numeric_limits<int>::max();
        if (write) {
            m_firstwrite = 0;
            m_lastwrite  = std::numeric_limits<int>::max();
        }
    }

    int firstread() const { return m_firstread; }
    int lastread() const { return m_lastread; }
    int firstwrite() const { return m_firstwrite; }
    int lastwrite() const { return m_lastwrite; }
    int firstuse() const { return std::min(firstread(), firstwrite()); }
    int lastuse() const { return std::max(lastread(), lastwrite()); }
    bool everread() const { return lastread() >= 0; }
    bool everwritten() const { return lastwrite() >= 0; }
    bool everused() const { return everread() || everwritten(); }
    // everused_in_group is an even more stringent test -- not only must
    // the symbol not be used within the shader but it also must not be
    // used elsewhere in the group, by being connected to something downstream
    // or used as a renderer output.
    bool everused_in_group() const
    {
        return everused() || connected_down() || renderer_output();
    }

    void set_read(int first, int last)
    {
        m_firstread = first;
        m_lastread  = last;
    }
    void set_write(int first, int last)
    {
        m_firstwrite = first;
        m_lastwrite  = last;
    }

    bool initialized() const { return m_initialized; }
    void initialized(bool init) { m_initialized = init; }

    bool lockgeom() const
    {
        // We can lock a value to a constant (at all places on all pieces of
        // geometry) if it is neither interpolated nor interactively modified.
        return !m_interpolated && !m_interactive;
    }

    bool interpolated() const { return m_interpolated; }
    void interpolated(bool val) { m_interpolated = val; }

    bool interactive() const { return m_interactive; }
    void interactive(bool val) { m_interactive = val; }

    bool noninteractive() const { return m_noninteractive; }
    void noninteractive(bool val) { m_noninteractive = val; }

    bool allowconnect() const { return m_allowconnect; }
    void allowconnect(bool val) { m_allowconnect = val; }

    int arraylen() const { return m_typespec.arraylength(); }
    void arraylen(int len)
    {
        m_typespec.make_array(len);
        m_size = m_typespec.simpletype().size();
    }

    bool renderer_output() const { return m_renderer_output; }
    void renderer_output(bool v) { m_renderer_output = v; }

    // When not uniform a symbol will have a varying value under batched
    // execution and must use a Wide data type to hold different values
    // for each data lane executing
    bool is_uniform() const { return m_is_uniform; }
    bool is_varying() const { return (m_is_uniform == 0); }
    void make_varying() { m_is_uniform = false; }

    // Results of a compare_op and other ops with logically boolean
    // results under certain conditions could be forced to be represented
    // in llvm as a boolean <i1> vs. an integer <i32>.  This simplifies
    // code generation, and under batched execution is a requirement
    // to make efficient use of hardware masking registers by allowing a
    // vector of bools <16 x i1> vs. integers <16 x i32>.  However the
    // underlying OIIO::TypeDesc as well as OSL does not support bools,
    // therefore they need to be promoted to integers when interacting with
    // other integer op's.
    // The value of forced_llvm_bool() is currently only respected during
    // batched execution.  Forced bools should not be coalesced with regular
    // ints, only other forced bools.
    bool forced_llvm_bool() const { return m_forced_llvm_bool; }
    void forced_llvm_bool(bool v) { m_forced_llvm_bool = v; }

    bool readonly() const { return m_readonly; }
    void readonly(bool v) { m_readonly = v; }

    bool is_constant() const { return symtype() == SymTypeConst; }
    bool is_temp() const { return symtype() == SymTypeTemp; }

    // Retrieve the const float value (must be a const float!)
    float get_float(int index = 0) const
    {
        OSL_DASSERT(dataptr() && typespec().is_float_based());
        return ((const float*)dataptr())[index];
    }

    // Retrieve a const float value (coerce from int if necessary)
    float coerce_float(int index = 0) const
    {
        OSL_DASSERT(typespec().is_float_based() || typespec().is_int_based());
        return typespec().is_int_based() ? static_cast<float>(get_int(index))
                                         : get_float(index);
    }

    // Retrieve the const int value (must be a const int!)
    int get_int(int index = 0) const
    {
        OSL_DASSERT(dataptr() && typespec().is_int_based());
        return ((const int*)dataptr())[index];
    }

    // Retrieve the const string value (must be a const string!)
    ustring get_string(int index = 0) const
    {
        OSL_DASSERT(dataptr() && typespec().is_string_based());
        return ((const ustring*)dataptr())[index];
    }

    // Retrieve the const vec3 value (must be a const triple!)
    const Vec3& get_vec3(int index = 0) const
    {
        OSL_DASSERT(dataptr() && typespec().is_triple_based());
        return ((const Vec3*)dataptr())[index];
    }

    // Retrieve the const vec3 value (coerce from float if necessary)
    const Vec3 coerce_vec3() const
    {
        OSL_DASSERT(dataptr()
                    && (typespec().is_triple() || typespec().is_float()
                        || typespec().is_int()));
        Vec3 v;
        if (typespec().is_triple())
            v = ((const Vec3*)dataptr())[0];
        else {
            float f = coerce_float();
            v       = Vec3(f, f, f);
        }
        return v;
    }

    // Stream output. Note that print/print_vals assume that any string
    // values are "raw" and they will be converted to C source code "escaped
    // string" notation for printing. For example, a newline character will
    // be rendered into the stream as the two character sequence '\n'.
    std::ostream& print(std::ostream& out, int maxvals = 100000000) const;
    std::ostream& print_vals(std::ostream& out, int maxvals = 100000000) const;

protected:
    void* m_data = nullptr;     ///< Pointer to the data relative to
                                ///    the start of its arena.
    ustring m_name;             ///< Symbol name (unmangled)
    TypeSpec m_typespec;        ///< Data type of the symbol
    int m_size;                 ///< Size of data (in bytes, without derivs)
    unsigned m_symtype : 4;     ///< Kind of symbol (param, local, etc.)
    unsigned m_has_derivs : 1;  ///< Step to derivs (0 == has no derivs)
    unsigned m_const_initializer : 1;  ///< initializer is a constant expression
    unsigned m_connected_down : 1;  ///< Connected to a later/downstream layer
    unsigned m_initialized : 1;     ///< If a param, has it been initialized?
    unsigned m_interpolated : 1;    ///< Is the param overridden by geom?
    unsigned m_interactive : 1;     ///< May the param change interactively?
    unsigned m_noninteractive : 1;  ///< The param def won't modify interactively
    unsigned m_allowconnect : 1;    ///< Is the param allowd to connect?
    unsigned m_renderer_output : 1;  ///< Is this sym a renderer output?
    unsigned m_readonly : 1;         ///< read-only symbol
    unsigned m_is_uniform : 1;  ///< symbol is uniform under batched execution
    unsigned m_forced_llvm_bool : 1;  ///< Is this sym forced to be llvm bool?
    unsigned m_arena : 3;             ///< Storage arena
    unsigned m_free_data : 1;         ///< Free m_data upon destruction?
    unsigned m_valuesource : 2;       ///< Where did the value come from?
    short m_fieldid;                  ///< Struct field of this var (or -1)
    short m_layer;          ///< Layer (within the group) this belongs to
    int m_scope;            ///< Scope where this symbol was declared
    int m_dataoffset;       ///< Offset of the data (-1 for unknown)
    int m_wide_dataoffset;  ///< Offset of the wide data (-1 for unknown)
        // N.B. dataoffset is just used in temporary ways, like offsets into
        // constant tables. It's not part of the actual memory address!
    int m_initializers;           ///< Number of default initializers
    ASTNode* m_node = nullptr;    ///< Ptr to the declaration of this symbol
    Symbol* m_alias = nullptr;    ///< Another symbol that this is an alias for
    int m_initbegin, m_initend;   ///< Range of init ops (for params)
    int m_firstread, m_lastread;  ///< First and last op the sym is read
    int m_firstwrite, m_lastwrite;  ///< First and last op the sym is written
};



typedef std::vector<Symbol> SymbolVec;
typedef Symbol* SymbolPtr;
typedef std::vector<Symbol*> SymbolPtrVec;



/// Intermediate Representation opcode
///
class Opcode {
public:
    Opcode(ustring op, ustring method, size_t firstarg = 0, size_t nargs = 0)
        : m_firstarg((int)firstarg), m_method(method), m_sourceline(0)
    {
        reset(op, nargs);  // does most of the heavy lifting
    }

    void reset(ustring opname, size_t nargs)
    {
        m_op    = opname;
        m_nargs = (int)nargs;
        set_jump();
        m_argread        = ~1;  // Default - all args are read except the first
        m_argwrite       = 1;   // Default - first arg only is written by the op
        m_argtakesderivs = 0;   // Default - doesn't take derivs
        m_requires_masking = 0;  // Default - doesn't require masking
        m_analysis_flag    = 0;  // Default - optional analysis flag is not set
    }

    ustring opname() const { return m_op; }
    int firstarg() const { return m_firstarg; }
    int nargs() const { return m_nargs; }
    ustring method() const { return m_method; }
    void method(ustring method) { m_method = method; }
    void source(ustring sourcefile, int sourceline)
    {
        m_sourcefile = sourcefile;
        m_sourceline = sourceline;
    }
    ustring sourcefile() const { return m_sourcefile; }
    int sourceline() const { return m_sourceline; }

    void set_args(size_t firstarg, size_t nargs)
    {
        m_firstarg = (int)firstarg;
        m_nargs    = (int)nargs;
    }

    /// Set the jump addresses (-1 means no jump)
    ///
    void set_jump(int jump0 = -1, int jump1 = -1, int jump2 = -1,
                  int jump3 = -1)
    {
        m_jump[0] = jump0;
        m_jump[1] = jump1;
        m_jump[2] = jump2;
        m_jump[3] = jump3;
    }

    void add_jump(int target)
    {
        for (int& j : m_jump)
            if (j < 0) {
                j = target;
                return;
            }
    }

    /// Return the i'th jump target address (-1 for none).
    ///
    int jump(int i) const { return m_jump[i]; }
    int& jump(int i) { return m_jump[i]; }

    /// Maximum jump targets an op can have.
    ///
    static const unsigned int max_jumps = 4;

    /// What's the farthest address that we jump to?
    ///
    int farthest_jump() const
    {
        int f = jump(0);
        for (unsigned int i = 1; i < max_jumps; ++i)
            f = std::max(f, jump(i));
        return f;
    }

    /// Is the argument number 'arg' read by the op?
    ///
    bool argread(int arg) const
    {
        return (arg < 32) ? (m_argread & (1 << arg)) : true;
    }
    /// Is the argument number 'arg' written by the op?
    ///
    bool argwrite(int arg) const
    {
        return (arg < 32) ? (m_argwrite & (1 << arg)) : false;
    }
    /// Declare that argument number 'arg' is read by this op.
    ///
    void argread(int arg, bool val)
    {
        if (arg < 32) {
            if (val)
                m_argread |= (1 << arg);
            else
                m_argread &= ~(1 << arg);
        }
    }
    /// Declare that argument number 'arg' is written by this op.
    ///
    void argwrite(int arg, bool val)
    {
        if (arg < 32) {
            if (val)
                m_argwrite |= (1 << arg);
            else
                m_argwrite &= ~(1 << arg);
        }
    }
    /// Declare that argument number 'arg' is only written (not read!) by
    /// this op.
    void argwriteonly(int arg)
    {
        argread(arg, false);
        argwrite(arg, true);
    }
    /// Declare that argument number 'arg' is only read (not written!) by
    /// this op.
    void argreadonly(int arg)
    {
        argread(arg, true);
        argwrite(arg, false);
    }

    /// Does the argument number 'arg' take derivatives?
    ///
    bool argtakesderivs(int arg) const
    {
        return (arg < 32) ? (m_argtakesderivs & (1 << arg)) : false;
    }

    /// Declare that argument number 'arg' takes derivatives.
    ///
    void argtakesderivs(int arg, bool val)
    {
        if (arg < 32) {
            if (val)
                m_argtakesderivs |= (1 << arg);
            else
                m_argtakesderivs &= ~(1 << arg);
        }
    }

    /// Set the read, write, and takesderivs bit fields all at once.
    ///
    void set_argbits(unsigned int read, unsigned int wr, unsigned int deriv)
    {
        m_argread        = read;
        m_argwrite       = wr;
        m_argtakesderivs = deriv;
    }

    unsigned int argread_bits() const { return m_argread; }
    unsigned int argwrite_bits() const { return m_argwrite; }

    /// Return the entire argtakesderivs at once with a full bitfield.
    ///
    unsigned int argtakesderivs_all() const { return m_argtakesderivs; }

    /// Replace the m_argtakesderivs entirely. Use with caution!
    void argtakesderivs_all(unsigned int newval) { m_argtakesderivs = newval; }

    /// Are two opcodes identical enough to merge their instances?  Note
    /// that this isn't a true 'equal', we don't compare fields that
    /// won't matter for that purpose.
    friend bool equivalent(const Opcode& a, const Opcode& b)
    {
        return a.m_op == b.m_op && a.m_firstarg == b.m_firstarg
               && a.m_nargs == b.m_nargs
               && std::equal(&a.m_jump[0], &a.m_jump[max_jumps], &b.m_jump[0]);
    }

    /// Runtime optimizer may have case to transmute an op to a
    /// different form.  Only opname is changed.
    void transmute_opname(ustring opname) { m_op = opname; }

    /// Op would require masking under batched execution
    /// when its arguments are not uniform (varying)
    bool requires_masking() const { return m_requires_masking; }
    void requires_masking(bool v) { m_requires_masking = v; }

    /// Analysis might need to tag specific operations with flags that
    /// are later used in code generation.  The meaning of these flags
    /// are dependent on the type of operation.  Choose to embed a flag
    /// here so that it is stable when a OpcodeVec is modified.
    bool analysis_flag() const { return m_analysis_flag; }
    void analysis_flag(bool v) { m_analysis_flag = v; }

private:
    ustring m_op;                   ///< Name of opcode
    int m_firstarg;                 ///< Index of first argument
    int m_nargs;                    ///< Total number of arguments
    ustring m_method;               ///< Which param or method this code is for
    int m_jump[max_jumps];          ///< Jump addresses (-1 means none)
    ustring m_sourcefile;           ///< Source filename for this op
    int m_sourceline;               ///< Line of source code for this op
    unsigned int m_argread;         ///< Bit field - which args are read
    unsigned int m_argwrite;        ///< Bit field - which args are written
    unsigned int m_argtakesderivs;  ///< Bit field - which args take derivs
    // N.B. We only have 32 bits for m_argread and m_argwrite.  We live
    // with this, and it's ok because there are very few ops that allow
    // more than 32 args, and those that do are read-only that far out.
    // Seems silly to add complexity here to deal with arbitrary param
    // counts and read/write-ability for cases that never come up.

    ///< Op requires masking under batched execution when its arguments are not uniform
    unsigned m_requires_masking : 1;
    ///< Op specific analysis flag, meaning depends on type of op
    unsigned m_analysis_flag : 1;
};


typedef std::vector<Opcode> OpcodeVec;

/// Called after code is generated, this function loops over all the ops
/// and figures out the lifetimes of all variables, based on whether the
/// args in each op are read or written. This function is used both in
/// the compiler and the runtime optimizer.
void
track_variable_lifetimes_main(const OpcodeVec& ircode,
                              const SymbolPtrVec& opargs,
                              const SymbolPtrVec& allsyms,
                              std::vector<int>* bblock_ids = nullptr);



};  // namespace pvt
OSL_NAMESPACE_END



// Supply a fmtlib compatible custom formatter for TypeSpec.
#if FMT_VERSION >= 100000
FMT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
template<> struct formatter<OSL::pvt::TypeSpec> : ostream_formatter {};
FMT_END_NAMESPACE
#endif
