// Copyright Contributors to the Open Shading Language project.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
// https://github.com/AcademySoftwareFoundation/OpenShadingLanguage

#include <limits>


#include "oslexec_pvt.h"
#include <OSL/Imathx/Imathx.h>
#include <OSL/dual_vec.h>
#include <OSL/oslnoise.h>

#include <OpenImageIO/fmath.h>

OSL_NAMESPACE_BEGIN

namespace pvt {

// TODO: It would be preferable to use the Imath versions of these functions in
//       all cases, but these templates should suffice until a more complete
//       device-friendly version of Imath is available.
namespace hostdevice {
template<typename T>
OSL_FORCEINLINE OSL_HOSTDEVICE T
clamp(T x, T lo, T hi);
#ifndef __CUDA_ARCH__
template<>
OSL_FORCEINLINE OSL_HOSTDEVICE double
clamp<double>(double x, double lo, double hi)
{
    return Imath::clamp(x, lo, hi);
}
template<>
OSL_FORCEINLINE OSL_HOSTDEVICE float
clamp<float>(float x, float lo, float hi)
{
    return Imath::clamp(x, lo, hi);
}
#else
template<>
OSL_FORCEINLINE OSL_HOSTDEVICE double
clamp<double>(double x, double lo, double hi)
{
    return (x < lo) ? lo : ((x > hi) ? hi : x);
}
template<>
OSL_FORCEINLINE OSL_HOSTDEVICE float
clamp<float>(float x, float lo, float hi)
{
    return (x < lo) ? lo : ((x > hi) ? hi : x);
}
#endif
}  // namespace hostdevice

static OSL_DEVICE constexpr float Gabor_Frequency      = 2.0;
static OSL_DEVICE constexpr float Gabor_Impulse_Weight = 1.0f;

// The Gabor kernel in theory has infinite support (its envelope is
// a Gaussian).  To restrict the distance at which we must sum the
// kernels, we only consider those whose Gaussian envelopes are
// above the truncation threshold, as a portion of the Gaussian's
// peak value.
static OSL_DEVICE const float Gabor_Truncate = 0.02f;



// Very fast random number generator based on [Borosh & Niederreiter 1983]
// linear congruential generator.
class fast_rng {
public:
    // seed based on the cell containing P
    OSL_DEVICE
    fast_rng(const Vec3& p, int seed = 0)
    {
        // Use guts of cellnoise
        m_seed = inthash(unsigned(OIIO::ifloor(p.x)),
                         unsigned(OIIO::ifloor(p.y)),
                         unsigned(OIIO::ifloor(p.z)), unsigned(seed));
        if (!m_seed)
            m_seed = 1;
    }
    // Return uniform on [0,1)
    OSL_HOSTDEVICE
    float operator()() { return (m_seed *= 3039177861u) / float(UINT_MAX); }
    // Return poisson distribution with the given mean
    OSL_HOSTDEVICE
    int poisson(float mean)
    {
        float g         = expf(-mean);
        unsigned int em = 0;
        float t         = (*this)();
        while (t > g) {
            ++em;
            t *= (*this)();
        }
        return em;
    }

private:
    unsigned int m_seed;
};

// The Gabor kernel is a harmonic (cosine) modulated by a Gaussian
// envelope.  This version is augmented with a phase, per [Lagae2011].
//   \param  weight      magnitude of the pulse
//   \param  omega       orientation of the harmonic
//   \param  phi         phase of the harmonic.
//   \param  bandwidth   width of the gaussian envelope (called 'a'
//                          in [Lagae09].
//   \param  x           the position being sampled
template<class VEC>  // VEC should be Vec3 or Vec2
OSL_FORCEINLINE OSL_HOSTDEVICE Dual2<float>
gabor_kernel(const Dual2<float>& weight, const VEC& omega,
             const Dual2<float>& phi, float bandwidth, const Dual2<VEC>& x)
{
    // see Equation 1
    Dual2<float> g = exp(float(-M_PI) * (bandwidth * bandwidth) * dot(x, x));
    Dual2<float> h = cos(float(M_TWO_PI) * dot(omega, x) + phi);
    return weight * g * h;
}



OSL_FORCEINLINE OSL_HOSTDEVICE void
slice_gabor_kernel_3d(const Dual2<float>& d, float w, float a,
                      const Vec3& omega, float phi, Dual2<float>& w_s,
                      Vec2& omega_s, Dual2<float>& phi_s)
{
    // Equation 6
    w_s = w * exp(float(-M_PI) * (a * a) * (d * d));
    //omega_s[0] = omega[0];
    //omega_s[1] = omega[1];
    //phi_s = phi - float(M_TWO_PI) * d * omega[2];
    omega_s.x = omega.x;
    omega_s.y = omega.y;
    // A.W. think this was a bug, supposed to be omega.z not omega.x;
    //phi_s = phi - float(M_TWO_PI) * d * omega.x;
    phi_s = phi - float(M_TWO_PI) * d * omega.z;
}


namespace {
OSL_FORCEINLINE OSL_HOSTDEVICE Vec2
gabor_mul_m22_v2(const Matrix22& m, const Vec2& v)
{
    float a = v.x * m.x[0][0] + v.y * m.x[1][0];
    float b = v.x * m.x[0][1] + v.y * m.x[1][1];
    return Vec2(a, b);
}

}  // namespace

static OSL_FORCEINLINE OSL_HOSTDEVICE void
filter_gabor_kernel_2d(const Matrix22& filter, const Dual2<float>& w, float a,
                       const Vec2& omega, const Dual2<float>& phi,
                       Dual2<float>& w_f, float& a_f, Vec2& omega_f,
                       Dual2<float>& phi_f)
{
    //  Equation 10
    Matrix22 Sigma_f = filter;
    Dual2<float> c_G = w;
    Vec2 mu_G        = omega;
    Matrix22 Sigma_G = (a * a / float(M_TWO_PI)) * Matrix22();
    float c_F        = 1.0f / (float(M_TWO_PI) * sqrtf(determinant(Sigma_f)));
    Matrix22 Sigma_F = float(1.0 / (4.0 * M_PI * M_PI)) * Sigma_f.inverse();
    Matrix22 Sigma_G_Sigma_F = Sigma_G + Sigma_F;
    Dual2<float> c_GF
        = c_F * c_G
          * (1.0f / (float(M_TWO_PI) * sqrtf(determinant(Sigma_G_Sigma_F))))
          * expf(
              -0.5f
              * dot(gabor_mul_m22_v2(Sigma_G_Sigma_F.inverse(), mu_G), mu_G));
    Matrix22 Sigma_G_i   = Sigma_G.inverse();
    Matrix22 Sigma_GF    = (Sigma_F.inverse() + Sigma_G_i).inverse();
    Matrix22 Sigma_GF_Gi = Sigma_GF * Sigma_G_i;
    Vec2 mu_GF           = gabor_mul_m22_v2(Sigma_GF_Gi, mu_G);
    w_f                  = c_GF;
    a_f                  = sqrtf(M_TWO_PI * sqrtf(determinant(Sigma_GF)));
    omega_f              = mu_GF;
    phi_f                = phi;
}


OSL_FORCEINLINE OSL_HOSTDEVICE float
wrap(float s, float period)
{
    period = floorf(period);
    if (period < 1.0f)
        period = 1.0f;
    return s - period * floorf(s / period);
}


// avoid aliasing issues
static OSL_FORCEINLINE OSL_HOSTDEVICE Vec3
wrap(const Vec3& s, const Vec3& period)
{
    return Vec3(wrap(s.x, period.x), wrap(s.y, period.y), wrap(s.z, period.z));
}


// Normalize v and set a and b to be unit vectors (any two unit vectors)
// that are orthogonal to v and each other.  We get the first
// orthonormal by taking the cross product of v and (1,0,0), unless v
// points roughly toward (1,0,0), in which case we cross with (0,1,0).
// Either way, we get something orthogonal.  Then cross(v,a) is mutually
// orthogonal to the other two.
OSL_FORCEINLINE OSL_HOSTDEVICE void
make_orthonormals(Vec3& v, Vec3& a, Vec3& b)
{
    // avoid aliasing issues by not using the [] operator
    v.normalize();
    if (fabsf(v.x) < 0.9f)
        a.setValue(0.0f, v.z, -v.y);  // v X (1,0,0)
    else
        a.setValue(-v.z, 0.0f, v.x);  // v X (0,1,0)
    a.normalize();
    b = v.cross(a);
    //    b.normalize ();  // note: not necessary since v is unit length
}



// Helper function: per-component 'floor' of a Dual2<Vec3>.
OSL_FORCEINLINE OSL_HOSTDEVICE Vec3
floor(const Dual2<Vec3>& vd)
{
    // avoid aliasing issues by not using the [] operator
    const Vec3& v(vd.val());
    return Vec3(floorf(v.x), floorf(v.y), floorf(v.z));
}

}  // namespace pvt

OSL_NAMESPACE_END
